Daga cikin masu saye da sayarwa a Amurka a wannan makon da Colleen Ferguson ta gabatar: • Bukatar wutar lantarki a Arewa maso Gabas…
Kamfanin Mai na Ƙasa na Abu Dhabi (ADNOC) ya fitar da farashin sayar da mai na watan Satumba, wanda ake ganin zai...
Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta ce a ranar 11 ga watan Mayu, za ta gabatar da wani sabon tsarin kare shigo da karafa daga Tarayyar Turai daga kasashen waje, wanda zai taimaka wajen aiwatar da duk wani sauyi a watan Yuli.
"Har yanzu ana ci gaba da bitar kuma ya kamata a kammala ta kuma a amince da ita a kan lokaci domin a aiwatar da duk wani sauyi kafin 1 ga Yuli, 2022," in ji wani mai magana da yawun EC a cikin imel. "Hukumar tana tsammanin ƙarshen watan Mayu ko farkon watan Yuni a ƙarshe. Buga sanarwar WTO wacce ke ɗauke da manyan abubuwan da aka gabatar a cikin shawarar."
An gabatar da tsarin a tsakiyar shekarar 2018 domin dakile rashin daidaiton ciniki bayan da Shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya zartar da kashi 25 cikin 100 na harajin karafa kan shigo da karafa daga kasashe da dama a karkashin dokar Sashe na 232 a watan Maris na wannan shekarar. Daga ranar 1 ga Janairu, an maye gurbin tuhumar Sashe na 232 kan karafa na EU da yarjejeniyar rabon harajin ciniki tsakanin bangarorin da abin ya shafa. Wata yarjejeniya makamanciyar ta Amurka da Birtaniya za ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Yuni.
Ƙungiyar Masu Amfani da Karfe ta EU ta yi kira a lokacin wannan bita don cire ko dakatar da kariyar, ko ƙara yawan kuɗin fito. Suna jayayya cewa waɗannan kariyar sun haifar da hauhawar farashi da ƙarancin samfura a kasuwar EU, kuma haramcin shigo da ƙarfe daga Rasha da sabbin damarmakin ciniki ga ƙarfen EU a Amurka yanzu ya sa ba a buƙatar su.
A watan Satumba na 2021, ƙungiyar masu amfani da ƙarfe da ke Brussels, Ƙungiyar Masu Shigo da Kayayyakin Karafa da Ba a Haɗaka ba ta Turai, Euranimi, ta shigar da ƙara a Kotun Tarayyar Turai da ke Luxembourg don ɗage matakan kariya da aka tsawaita na tsawon shekaru uku daga watan Yunin 2021. Matakin ya yi zargin cewa Hukumar EC tana da "kuskuren tantancewa bayyananne" wajen tantance mummunan rauni da kuma yiwuwar mummunan rauni da shigo da ƙarfe ke haifarwa.
Ƙungiyar masu samar da ƙarfe ta Turai, Eurofer, ta mayar da martani kan cewa kariyar shigo da ƙarfe daga ƙasashen waje na ci gaba da "guje wa ɓarna saboda hauhawar shigo da kayayyaki ba tare da isasshen sarrafawa ko farashi ba… Farashin ƙarfe na Turai ya kai kashi 20 cikin ɗari a watan Maris." Kololuwar darajar ƙarfe a yanzu ta ragu da sauri kuma sosai (ƙasa da matakin farashin Amurka) yayin da masu amfani da ƙarfe ke iyakance odar farashin hasashe ya faɗi," in ji ƙungiyar.
A cewar wani kimantawa da S&P Global Commodity Insights ta yi, tun farkon kwata na biyu, farashin HRC na tsohon aiki a Arewacin Turai ya faɗi da kashi 17.2% zuwa €1,150/t a ranar 11 ga Mayu.
An gabatar da bitar da ake yi a yanzu game da kariyar tsarin EU - bitar tsarin ta huɗu - zuwa watan Disamba na bara, tare da masu ruwa da tsaki da suka nemi a bayar da gudummawa kafin 10 ga Janairu. Bayan mamayar da Rasha ta yi wa Ukraine a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, EC ta sake ware kason kayayyakin Rasha da Belarus tsakanin sauran masu fitar da kayayyaki.
Eurofer ta lura cewa jimillar kayayyakin da aka shigo da su daga Rasha da Ukraine sun kai kimanin tan miliyan 6 a shekarar 2021, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 20% na jimillar kayayyakin da aka shigo da su daga Tarayyar Turai da kuma kashi 4% na amfani da karfen da Tarayyar Turai ke yi da tan miliyan 150.
Sharhin ya ƙunshi nau'ikan samfura 26, ciki har da takardar da aka yi birgima da zare mai zafi, takardar da aka yi birgima da sanyi, takardar da aka yi wa ƙarfe mai rufi, kayayyakin injin niƙa tin, takardar da aka yi wa bakin ƙarfe mai sanyi, sandunan kasuwanci, sassan da ba su da nauyi da ramuka, sandar rebar, sandar waya, kayan layin dogo, da kuma bututun da ba su da matsala da walda.
Tim di Maulo, babban jami'in gudanarwa na EU kuma mai samar da bakin karfe na Brazil, Aperam, ya ce a ranar 6 ga Mayu cewa kamfanin yana dogaro da tallafin EC don taimakawa wajen dakile "karuwar shigo da kaya (EU) daga China a kwata na farko."
"Muna sa ran za a kare ƙarin ƙasashe a nan gaba, inda China za ta kasance babbar 'yar takara," in ji wani mai magana da yawun Aperam a cikin wata sanarwa, wadda kamfanin ya yi kira da a yi gyare-gyare masu zuwa. Ya lura cewa kwanan nan an saka Afirka ta Kudu cikin tsare-tsare.
"Duk da matakan da aka ɗauka na rage darajar kuɗi, China ta sami hanyar sayar da kayayyaki da yawa a baya," in ji Dimolo a wani taron tattaunawa da masu zuba jari kan sakamakon kwata na farko na masana'antar ƙarfe. "Kayayyakin da ake shigo da su daga ƙasashen waje koyaushe suna sanya matsin lamba ga kasuwa.
"Kwamitin ya kasance kuma zai ci gaba da tallafawa," in ji shi. "Muna da yakinin cewa kwamitin zai magance wannan matsalar."
Duk da hauhawar shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje, Aperam ta ci gaba da samun nasarorin da ta samu ta hanyar bayar da rahoton tallace-tallace da kuɗaɗen shiga mafi girma a kwata na farko da kuma ƙara sakamakon sake amfani da su a cikin jadawalin kuɗinta. Ƙarfin ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe da na lantarki na kamfanin a Brazil da Turai shine miliyan 2.5 t/y kuma ana sa ran samun ƙarin tarihi mai kyau a kwata na biyu.
Di Maulo ya ƙara da cewa halin da ake ciki a China ya haifar da cewa masu yin ƙarfe a can suna samar da riba mai ƙarancin yawa ko mara kyau idan aka kwatanta da riba mai kyau ta shekaru biyu da suka gabata. Duk da haka, wannan "zagaye ne da zai iya daidaita nan gaba," in ji shi.
Duk da haka, Euranimi ya lura a cikin wata wasiƙa da ya aika wa Hukumar Tarayyar Turai a ranar 26 ga Janairu cewa a cikin Tarayyar Turai "akwai ƙarancin ƙarfe mai yawa, musamman SSCR (ƙarfe mai faɗi da aka yi birgima da shi), saboda matakan kariya da ba a taɓa gani ba da kuma buƙatar da ake buƙata mai yawa, kuma farashin ya wuce gona da iri."
"Yanayin tattalin arziki da na siyasa ya canza sosai idan aka kwatanta da 2018, lokacin da aka aiwatar da matakan kariya na wucin gadi," in ji darektan Euranimi Christophe Lagrange a cikin wani imel a ranar 11 ga Mayu, yana ambato Ta hanyar murmurewa tattalin arziki bayan annoba, ƙarancin kayan aiki a Turai ciki har da bakin karfe, hauhawar farashi mai yawa, ribar da ta samu ga masu samar da bakin karfe na Turai a 2021, hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a Tarayyar Turai, hauhawar farashin sufuri mai yawa saboda cunkoson sufuri na ƙasashen waje da kuma tsadar shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje, yakin Ukraine, takunkumin EU kan Rasha, maye gurbin Joe ga Donald Trump Biden a matsayin shugaban Amurka da kuma cire wasu matakan Sashe na 232.
"A cikin irin wannan sabon yanayi, me zai hana a ƙirƙiri matakin kariya don kare masana'antun ƙarfe na EU a cikin wani yanayi daban, alhali kuwa haɗarin da aka tsara don fuskantar wannan matakin ba ya nan?" Lagrange ya tambaya.
Kyauta ne kuma mai sauƙin yi. Da fatan za a yi amfani da maɓallin da ke ƙasa kuma za mu dawo da ku nan idan kun gama.