Ukushisela amashubhu ensimbi engagqwali kanye namapayipi ngokuvamile kudinga ukuhlanzwa emuva nge-argon lapho kusetshenziswa izinqubo zendabuko ezifana ne-gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) kanye ne-shielded metal arc welding (SMAW).Kodwa izindleko zegesi kanye nesikhathi sokusetha senqubo yokuhlanza kungabaluleka, ikakhulukazi njengoba amadayimitha epayipi nobude bukhula.
Lapho beshisela uchungechunge lwensimbi engagqwali engu-300, osonkontileka bangasusa i-blowback ekushiseleni kwezimpande ezivulekile ngokusuka ku-GTAW noma i-SMAW baye enqubweni yokushisela ethuthukisiwe, kuyilapho bezuza ikhwalithi ephezulu yokushisela, begcina ukumelana nokugqwala kwempahla, futhi bahlangabezane ne-The Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) idinga inqubo ye-GTAW yesiyingi esifushane yokuthuthukisa igesi ye-arcWW futhi iletha inqubo emfushane yokuthuthukisa igesi ye-GMA ku-arcWW. ukusebenza kahle, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenziseka kalula, okusiza ukuthuthukisa inzuzo.
Ithandwe ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala namandla, ama-alloys ensimbi engagqwali asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi zamapayipi namashubhu, okuhlanganisa uwoyela negesi, i-petrochemical, nama-biofuels. Nakuba i-GTAW beyijwayele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi zensimbi engagqwali, inobubi obuthile obungabhekwana nayo nge-GMAW yesifunda esifushane esithuthukisiwe.
Okokuqala, njengoba ukuntuleka kwabashiseli abanekhono kuqhubeka, ukuthola izisebenzi ezijwayelene ne-GTAW kuyinselele eqhubekayo.Okwesibili, i-GTAW akuyona inqubo yokushisela eshesha kakhulu, evimbela izinkampani ezifuna ukwandisa umkhiqizo ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende.Okwesithathu, kudinga ukubuyisela emuva okudla isikhathi nokubizayo kwamashubhu ensimbi engagqwali.
Iyini i-blowback?I-Purge ukwethulwa kwegesi ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola futhi kunikeze ukwesekwa.I-backside purge ivikela ingemuva le-weld ekwenzeni ama-oxide asindayo lapho kukhona umoya-mpilo.
Uma ingemuva lingavikelekile ngesikhathi sokushisela komsele wempande ovulekile, kungase kubangele ukulimala kwe-substrate. Lokhu kuphuka kubizwa ngokuthi i-saccharification, yethiwa kanjalo ngoba kubangela indawo ebukeka njengoshukela ngaphakathi kwe-weld. bahluba ingxenye yetheyiphu ezungeze ilunga futhi baqala ukushisela, bephinda inqubo yokuhlubula nokushisela kuze kube yilapho ubuhlalu bempande buphelile.
Qeda i-blowback.Ukulandelela kungabiza isikhathi esiningi nemali, kwezinye izimo kwengeze izinkulungwane zamadola kuphrojekthi.Ukushintshela kunqubo ye-GMAW yesifunda esifushane ethuthukisiwe kwenze inkampani yakwazi ukuqedela ukudlula kwezimpande ngaphandle kokubuyela emuva ezinhlelweni eziningi zensimbi engagqwali.Izicelo zokushisela ze-300 series stainless steels zifaneleka kahle kulokhu, kuyilapho i-pass-stainless steel application idinga impande ye-GMAW ephezulu okwamanje.
Ukugcina okokufaka ukushisa kuphansi ngangokunokwenzeka kusiza ukugcina ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-workpiece.Ukunciphisa inani lokudlula kwe-weld kungenye yezindlela zokunciphisa okokufaka ukushisa.Izinqubo ze-GMAW ezithuthukisiwe ze-shortcircuit, ezifana ne-Regulated Metal Deposition (RMD®), sebenzisa ukudluliselwa kwensimbi okulawulwa ngokunembile ukuhlinzeka ngokufakwa kwe-droplet efanayo.Lokhu kwenza kube lula ngomshicileli ukuthi alawule i-puddle ye-weld yokufaka ukushisa kuvumela i-puddle yokufakwayo yokushisa ephansi. ukuqanda ngokushesha.
Ngokudluliswa kwensimbi okulawulwayo kanye nokuqandisa kwe-weld pool esheshayo, i-weld pool ayinazo iziyaluyalu futhi igesi evikelayo ishiya isibhamu se-GMAW singaphazamiseki.Lokhu kuvumela ukuvikela igesi ukuba idlule empandeni evulekile, isuse indawo emkhathini futhi ivimbele i-saccharification noma i-oxidation ngemuva kwe-weld.Lokhu kufakwa kwegesi kuthatha isikhathi esincane kakhulu sokumisa ngoba i-puddle ngokushesha kakhulu.
Ukuhlola kubonise ukuthi inqubo ye-GMAW yesifunda esifushane eshintshiwe ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi yokushisela kuyilapho ilondoloza ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali njengalapho ubuhlalu bempande bushiselwa nge-GTAW.
Ushintsho lwenqubo yokushisela ludinga inkampani ukuthi iphinde iqinisekise i-WPS yayo, kodwa ukushintsha okunjalo kungaletha imbuyiselo enkulu yesikhathi kanye nokonga kwezindleko zomsebenzi omusha wokukhiqiza nokulungisa.
Vula i-root canal welding usebenzisa inqubo ye-GMAW ye-short-circuit ethuthukisiwe inikeza izinzuzo ezengeziwe ekukhiqizeni, ukusebenza kahle nokuqeqeshwa kokushisela.Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
Iqeda amandla eziteshi ezishisayo ngenxa yokukwazi ukufaka insimbi eyengeziwe ukuze kwandiswe ukushuba komzila wempande.
Ukubekezelela okuhle kakhulu kokungahambi kahle okuphezulu nokuphansi phakathi kwezigaba zamapayipi.Ngenxa yokudluliswa kwensimbi ebushelelezi, inqubo ingakwazi ukuvala kalula izikhala ezifika ku-3⁄16 amayintshi.
Ubude be-arc buyahambisana kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-electrode isandisiwe, okunxephezela abaqhubi abazabalaza ukugcina isandiso esingaguquki.I-weld puddle elawulwa kalula kanye nokudluliselwa kwensimbi okungaguquki kunganciphisa isikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kwabashiseli abasha.
Nciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula sokushintshwa kwenqubo.Intambo efanayo kanye negesi yokuvikela ingasetshenziselwa izimpande, ukugcwalisa kanye namashaneli we-cap.Inqubo ye-pulsed GMAW ingasetshenziswa inqobo nje uma iziteshi zigcwaliswa futhi zimbozwe ngegesi okungenani engu-80% ye-argon shielding.
Ngemisebenzi efuna ukuqeda i-backflush ezinhlelweni zensimbi engagqwali, kubalulekile ukulandela amathiphu amahlanu abalulekile empumelelo lapho ushintshela kunqubo ye-GMAW yesifunda esifushane elungisiwe.
Hlanza ingaphakathi nangaphandle lamapayipi ukuze ususe noma yikuphi ukungcola.Sebenzisa ibhulashi lezintambo eliklanyelwe insimbi engagqwali ukuze uhlanze ingemuva lelunga okungenani iyintshi engu-1 ukusuka onqenqemeni.
Sebenzisa insimbi yokugcwalisa yensimbi engagqwali enokuqukethwe kwe-silicon ephezulu, okufana no-316LSi noma 308LSi.Okuqukethwe kwe-silicon ephakeme kusiza ukumanzisa i-weld pool futhi kusebenza njenge-deoxidizer.
Ukuze usebenze kahle, sebenzisa ingxube yegesi evikelayo eyakhelwe ngokukhethekile inqubo, njenge-90% ye-helium, i-argon engu-7.5%, ne-2.5% ye-carbon dioxide.Enye inketho i-argon engu-98% kanye no-2% we-carbon dioxide.Umhlinzeki wegesi yokushisela angase abe nezinye izincomo.
Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, sebenzisa ithiphu elicijile kanye nombhobho wokuhambisa izimpande ukuze uthole ukumboza kwegesi. Umbhobho owukhonkolo onesihlukanisi segesi esakhelwe ngaphakathi uhlinzeka ngokufaka okuhle kakhulu.
Qaphela ukuthi ukusebenzisa inqubo ye-GMAW ye-shortcircuit eguquliwe ngaphandle kokusekela igesi kukhiqiza inani elincane lesikali ngemuva kwe-weld.Lokhu kuvame ukuqubuka njengoba i-weld iphola futhi ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi ze-petroleum, imboni yamandla kanye ne-petrochemical application.
UJim Byrne unguMphathi Wezokuthengisa Nezicelo we-Miller Electric Mfg. LLC, 1635 W. Spencer St., Appleton, WI 54912, 920-734-9821, www.millerwelds.com.
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