Igipimo cya buri kwezi cy’icyuma kidashonga (MMI) cyagabanutseho 8.87% kuva muri Kamena kugeza muri Nyakanga. Ibiciro bya nikeli byazamutse nyuma y’uko icyuma gisanzwe kizamutse hagati muri Nyakanga. Ariko, mu ntangiriro za Kanama, izamuka ry’ibiciro ryari ryaragabanutse kandi ibiciro byongeye kugabanuka.
Inyungu zo mu kwezi gushize n'iz'uku kwezi zari nto cyane. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibiciro biri kwiyongera mu rugero rw'ubu nta cyerekezo gisobanutse cy'ukwezi gutaha.
Indoneziya ikomeje gushaka kongera agaciro k'umutungo wayo wa nikeli. Hari icyizere ko ibi bizafasha kongera ubushobozi bwo gukora ibyuma bitarangirika na batiri binyuze mu gushyiraho imisoro yo kohereza mu mahanga ku bikoresho fatizo. Mu 2020, Indoneziya yabujije burundu kohereza mu mahanga amabuye ya nikeli. Intego ni ukugira ngo inganda zabo z'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro zishore imari mu bushobozi bwo kuyatunganya.
Iyi ntambwe yatumye Ubushinwa busimbuza amabuye y’agaciro yatumijwe mu mahanga icyuma cya nickel na ferronickel ku nganda zabwo z’ibyuma bitarangirika. Ubu Indoneziya irateganya gushyiraho imisoro yo kohereza ibicuruzwa byombi mu mahanga. Ibi bigomba gutanga inkunga yo gushora imari mu ruhererekane rw’ibikoresho by’icyuma. Indoneziya yonyine izaba ifite hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’umusaruro wa nickel ku isi guhera mu 2021.
Ihagarikwa rya mbere ryo kohereza mu mahanga amabuye ya nikeli ryatangijwe muri Mutarama 2014. Kuva aho ihagarikwa, ibiciro bya nikeli byazamutseho birenga 39% mu mezi atanu ya mbere y'umwaka. Amaherezo, imiterere y'isoko yongeye kugabanya ibiciro. Ibiciro byazamutse cyane nubwo hari ubukungu buke mu bice bimwe by'isi, harimo n'ibiri mu Muryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi. Kuri Indoneziya, iri hagarikwa ryagize ingaruka nziza, kuko amasosiyete menshi yo muri Indoneziya n'Abashinwa yahise atangaza gahunda yo kubaka inyubako za kirimbuzi mu birwa. Hanze ya Indoneziya, iri hagarikwa ryatumye ibihugu nk'Ubushinwa, Ositaraliya n'Ubuyapani bishakisha andi masoko y'ibyuma. Ntibyatinze ko iyo sosiyete ibona ibicuruzwa by'amabuye y'agaciro bitaziguye (DSO) biva ahantu nka Filipine n'Ibirwa bya Salomo.
Indoneziya yagabanyije cyane itegeko ryo guhagarika mu ntangiriro za 2017. Ibi biterwa n'impamvu nyinshi. Imwe muri zo ni icyuho mu ngengo y'imari ya 2016. Indi mpamvu ijyanye n'uko iryo tegeko ryagenze neza, ryatumye habaho iterambere ry'izindi nganda icyenda za nikeli (ugereranije n'ebyiri). Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu gice cya mbere cya 2017 gusa, ibi byatumye ibiciro bya nikeli bigabanukaho hafi 19%.
Nyuma yo kugaragaza ko iteganya kongera gushyiraho itegeko ryo guhagarika ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu 2022, Indoneziya yihutishije iterambere ryayo kugeza muri Mutarama 2020. Iki cyemezo kigamije gushyigikira inganda zitunganya ibicuruzwa mu gihugu zirimo gukura cyane muri iki gihe. Iki gikorwa cyanatumye Ubushinwa bwongera imishinga yabwo ya NPI n'ibyuma bitagira umugese muri Indoneziya kuko byagabanyije cyane ibicuruzwa by'amabuye y'agaciro bitumizwa mu mahanga. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibicuruzwa bya NFC byoherejwe mu Bushinwa bivuye muri Indoneziya nabyo byiyongereye cyane. Ariko, kongera gutangira itegeko ryo guhagarika ntacyo byagize ku izamuka ry'ibiciro. Birashoboka ko ibi byatewe n'icyorezo cyadutse. Ahubwo, ibiciro byakomeje kugabanuka muri rusange, ntibimanuka kugeza mu mpera za Werurwe w'uwo mwaka.
Umusoro uherutse gutangazwa wo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ufitanye isano n’ubwiyongere bw’umubare w’ibigo byoherezwa mu mahanga bya NFC. Ibi byorohejwe n’ubwiyongere bw’ibigo byo mu gihugu bitegura gutunganya NFU na ferronickel. Mu by’ukuri, ibigereranyo biriho ubu bigaragaza ko imitungo 16 izazamuka ikagera kuri 29 mu myaka itanu gusa. Ariko, ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro gato n’ibicuruzwa bike bya NPI byoherezwa mu mahanga bizatera inkunga ishoramari ry’abanyamahanga muri Indoneziya mu gihe ibihugu bigiye gutangira gukora bateri n’ibyuma bitarangirika. Bizanahatira abatumiza ibicuruzwa nk’Ubushinwa gushaka andi masoko yo kubitanga.
Ariko, itangazo ntiriratuma ibiciro bizamuka cyane. Ahubwo, ibiciro bya nikeli byaragabanutse kuva aho imyigaragambyo iheruka yahagaze mu ntangiriro za Kanama. Umusoro ushobora gutangira mu gihembwe cya gatatu cya 2022, nk'uko byatangajwe na Septian Hario Seto, Minisitiri wungirije ushinzwe ibikorwa by'amazi n'ishoramari. Ariko, itariki yemewe ntiratangazwa. Icyo gihe, iri tangazo ryonyine rishobora gutera ukwiyongera kw'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bya NFC byo muri Indoneziya mu gihe ibihugu byitegura gutanga umusoro. Birumvikana ko ibiciro nyabyo bya nikeli bishobora kuza nyuma y'itariki ntarengwa yo gukusanya.
Uburyo bwiza bwo gukurikirana ibiciro bya nikeli buri kwezi ni ukwiyandikisha kuri raporo ya buri kwezi ya MMI MetalMiner ihita igezwa kuri email yawe.
Ku ya 26 Nyakanga, Komisiyo y'Uburayi yatangiye iperereza rishya ku bijyanye n'inzira y'ubushyuhe. Izi ni amabati n'imigozi by'icyuma bishyushye biva muri Turukiya ariko bikomoka muri Indoneziya. Ishyirahamwe ry'Uburayi ry'Ibyuma EUROFER ryatangije iperereza ku birego bivuga ko ibicuruzwa biva muri Turukiya binyuranyije n'amabwiriza yo kurwanya imyanda yashyizweho kuri Indoneziya. Indoneziya iracyari icumbi ry'inganda nyinshi z'Abashinwa zikora ibyuma bitagira imyanda. Ubu biteganijwe ko urubanza ruzafungwa mu mezi icyenda ari imbere. Muri icyo gihe, SHR zose ziva muri Turukiya zizandikishwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza y'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi atangira gukurikizwa ako kanya.
Kugeza ubu, Perezida Biden yakomeje cyane uburyo bwo kurinda Ubushinwa bugakurikirwa n’abamubanjirije. Nubwo imyanzuro n’uburyo byakurikiyeho byasubiwemo bitarasobanuka neza, ibikorwa by’Uburayi bishobora gutuma Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zibikurikiza. N’ubundi kandi, kurwanya ijugunywa ry’ibintu byakoreshejwe muri politiki byahoraga ari byiza muri politiki. Byongeye kandi, iperereza rishobora gutuma ibikoresho byahoze bijyanwa mu Burayi bijyanwa ku isoko rya Amerika byoherezwa. Ibi nibibaho, bishobora gushishikariza inganda z’ibyuma zo muri Amerika gukora ubuvugizi kugira ngo habeho ibikorwa bya politiki byo kurengera inyungu z’imbere mu gihugu.
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