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ʻO ka lawe ʻana i Sui-Chongqing railway slope ma ke ʻano he noiʻi, ka pale ʻana i ka lepo, ka electrochemistry lepo (ka hiki ke corrosion, ka hiki ke redox, ka gradient a me ka pH), nā anion lepo (nā paʻakai soluble āpau, Cl-, SO42- a me) a me ka lepo Nutrition. e like me nā hōʻailona kanaka a me nā hōʻailona holoʻokoʻa o ka lepo kūlohelohe. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kumu ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka hopena o ka wai i ka ʻino o ka ʻupena pale slope, a ukali ʻia e ka anion content. He haʻahaʻa ka pali, a ua ikaika ka ʻinoʻino ma waena a me lalo. ʻO ka mea organik i loko o ka lepo i hoʻopili nui ʻia me ka gradient hiki ke loaʻa.
I ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ala kaʻa, nā alanui a me nā hale mālama wai, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻalo ʻia nā puka mauna. 12, 2008 Wenchuan. Ma ka loiloi 2008 o 4,243 kilomita o nā alanui kumu nui ma ka moku ʻo Sichuan, aia he 1,736 mau pōʻino ōlaʻi nui ma nā alanui a me nā pā paʻa slope, helu no 39.76% o ka lōʻihi o ka loiloi. mau no ka liʻiliʻi loa 10 makahiki (Taiwan ōlaʻi) a hiki i ka lōʻihi e like me 40-50 makahiki (Kanto ōlaʻi ma Iapana)4,5.Gradient ke kumu nui e pili ana i ke olai hazard6,7.No laila, he mea pono e malama i ke alanui a hooikaika i kona paʻa. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i nā pali ka hōʻiliʻili o nā mea meaʻai e like me nā mea organik, nitrogen, phosphorus, a me ka potassium, a ʻaʻohe wahi lepo e pono ai no ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu. ʻO ka ʻāina kūlohelohe i hoʻohana ʻia no ka pīpī ʻana i haku ʻia me ka pōhaku i ʻoki ʻia, ka ʻāina mahiʻai, ka mauʻu, ka mea hoʻohuihui, ka mea mālama wai a me ka mea hoʻopili (ʻo nā mea hoʻopili maʻamau me Portland cement, organic glue a me ka asphalt emulsifier) ​​i loko o kahi kaʻina o ka uea ma luna o ka uea. rivets a me ka heleuma bolts, a hope hoʻopuehu lepo artificial i loaʻa nāʻanoʻano ma luna o ka pali me ka kūikawā sprayer.The 14 # daimana-ʻano mesh mesh i piha galvanized i ka hapanui hoʻohana, me ka mesh hae o 5cm × 5cm a me ke anawaena o 2mm.The mesh mesh hiki i ka lepo matrix e hana i ka lepo matrix. he electrolyte, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻino e pili ana i nā ʻano o ka lepo. ʻO ka loiloi ʻana i nā kumu ʻino o ka lepo he mea nui ia no ka loiloi ʻana i ka lepo mesh mesh erosion a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā pōʻino o ka ʻāina.
Manaʻo ʻia he kuleana koʻikoʻi nā aʻa mea kanu i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka pali a me ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka ʻinoʻino10,11,12,13,14. No ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā pali i ka ʻāina pāpaʻu, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu no ka mea hiki i nā aʻa mea kanu ke hoʻoponopono i ka lepo e pale ai i ka hili ʻāina15,16,17. ʻO nā mea kanu lāʻau, ʻoi aku nā kumulāʻau, kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana pale a me nā kumu lāʻau. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kumu hoʻolālā aʻa e alakaʻi ʻia e nā genes, a he mea koʻikoʻi ke kaiapuni o ka lepo i kēia mau kaʻina hana. He ʻokoʻa ka corrosion i nā metala me ka ʻāina lepo20. Hiki ke kiʻekiʻe o ka corrosion o nā metala ma ka lepo mai ka hemo wikiwiki a hiki i ka hopena haʻahaʻa. a me nā mea ola like ʻole ma luna o ʻumi miliona mau makahiki22,23,24. Ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā mea kanu lāʻau i kahi ʻōnaehana paʻa a me ka kaiaola, inā hiki i ka mesh mesh i hui pū ʻia me ka pali pōhaku a me ka lepo kūlohelohe e pili pono i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻokele waiwai, ka palekana o ke ola a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kaiaola.
Eia naʻe, hiki i ka corrosion o nā metala ke alakaʻi i nā poho nui. E like me kahi noiʻi i hana ʻia ma Kina i nā makahiki 1980 mua ma nā mīkini kemika a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā poho i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka corrosion metala i helu ʻia no 4% o ka nui o ka waiwai hoʻopuka. Hiki i nā metabolites ke ho'opō'ino i nā mea, a hiki i nā au 'auwana ke ho'opō'ino. No laila, he mea nui e pale aku i ka pala'ino o nā metala i kanu 'ia ma ka lepo. I kēia manawa, 'o ka noi'i 'ana i ka 'ino'ino i kanu 'ia e pili ana i (1) nā mea e pili ana i ka corrosion metala25; (2) nā ala pale metala26,27; (3) nā ʻano hoʻokolokolo no ke kiʻekiʻe o ka corrosion metala28; ʻO ka ʻino ma nā ʻano media like ʻole. Akā naʻe, ʻo nā ʻāina āpau i loko o ke aʻo ʻana he kūlohelohe ia a ua lawa ka hana ʻana i ka lepo.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā media corrosive ʻē aʻe, loaʻa i ka lepo artificial nā hiʻohiʻona o ka illiquidity, heterogeneity, seasonality a me regionality.Metal corrosion in artificial soils is cause by electrochemical interactions between metals and artificial soils. anion a me metala ion maʻiʻo, pH, lepo microbes30,31,32.
I loko o 30 mau makahiki o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ʻo ka nīnau e pili ana i ka mālama mau ʻana i nā lepo kūlohelohe ma nā pali pōhaku he pilikia33. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kumu lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau ke ulu ma kekahi mau pali ma hope o 10 mau makahiki o ka mālama lima ʻana ma muli o ka ʻino ʻana o ka lepo. ʻO ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka ʻino ʻana o ke ala kaʻa e pili ana i ka ʻino ʻana o ke kahua kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa, ka ʻino o kēia manawa i hana ʻia e ke kaʻaahi māmā, a me ka ʻino ʻana o nā alahaka alahao34,35, nā alahele a me nā lako kaʻa ʻē aʻe36. slope o ka Suiyu Railway, me ka manaʻo e wānana i ka ʻino metala ma ka loiloi ʻana i nā waiwai o ka lepo a hāʻawi i ke kumu kumu no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka kaiaola lepo a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana.
Aia ka wahi ho'āʻo ma ka puʻu o Sichuan (30°32′N, 105°32′E) kokoke i ke kahua kaʻaahi Suining. Aia ka wahi ma ka waena o ka Basin Sichuan, me nā mauna haʻahaʻa a me nā puʻu, me ka hoʻolālā honua maʻalahi a me ka ʻāina palahalaha. pōhaku lepo. He ʻilihune ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, a ʻo ka pōhaku he hale paʻa. ʻO ka wahi aʻo he subtropical humid monsoon ania me nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kau o ka punawai mua, ke kauwela wela, ka pōkole pōkole a me ka hoʻoilo hope. ʻO 27.2°C, a ʻo 39.3°C ka mahina anu loa (ʻo Ianuali ka awelika wela), ʻo -3.8°C ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa, a he 920 mm ka awelika o ka ua i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo ia ka nui o Iulai a me ʻAukake. ʻO ka māhele o ka ua i kēlā me kēia kau o ka makahiki he 19-21%, 51-54%, 22-24% a me 4-5%.
ʻO ka pae noiʻi he slope ma kahi o 45 ° ma ka pali o ka Yu-Sui Railway i kūkulu ʻia ma 2003. Ma ʻApelila 2012, ua kū i ka hema i loko o 1 km o ka Suining Railway Station. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka slope kūlohelohe ma ke ʻano he control.The ecological restoration of the slope adopts the foreign topdressing soil spraying technology for ecological restoration.According to the height of the railway side slope, the slope can division into upslope, mid-slope and downslope (Fig. 2). ʻO nā huahana corrosion o ka lepo mesh mesh, mākou wale nō e hoʻohana i ka ʻōpala kila kila e lawe i ka ʻili o ka lepo 0-8cm. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā replika ʻehā no kēlā me kēia kūlana slope, me nā helu 15-20 random sampling no kēlā me kēia replicate.Each replicate is a mixture of 15-20 randomly determined from S-shaped line sampling points about.Its the fresh sample sampling points about. ʻeke polyethylene ziplock no ka hana ʻana. Ua maloʻo maoli ka lepo, a ʻohi ʻia ka ʻiliʻili a me nā koena o nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu, ʻoki ʻia me kahi lāʻau agate, a kānana ʻia me kahi kānana 20-mesh, 100-mesh nylon sieve koe wale nā ​​mea ʻāpana.
Ua ana ʻia ka resistivity lepo e ka VICTOR4106 grounding resistance tester i hana ʻia e Shengli Instrument Company; ua ana ʻia ka resistivity o ka lepo ma ke kula; Ua anaia ka makuku o ka lepo ma ke ano maloo. Ua ho'oholo 'ia ka gradient a me redox e DMP-2 portable digital mv/pH, ua ho'oholo 'ia ka pa'akai pa'akai ma ka lepo ma ke koena o ka malo'o 'ana, chloride ion content i loko o ka lepo. Hoʻoholo ʻia e ke ʻano EDTA Titration indirect, ʻano ʻano hoʻohālikelike ʻelua hōʻailona no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka lepo carbonate a me ka bicarbonate, potassium dichromate oxidation hoʻomehana ʻano hana e hoʻoholo ai i ka mea organik lepo, alkaline solution diffusion method no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka lepo alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, H2SO4-HClO4 digestion Mo-Sb colorimetric method Total phosphorus in soil and available phosphorus content in soil. extractant), a ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o ka potassium ma ka lepo e ka sodium hydroxide fusion-flame photometry.
Ua ho'onohonoho 'ia ka 'ikepili ho'okolohua.
Hōʻike ka Papa 1 i nā waiwai electromechanical, nā anion a me nā meaʻai o ka lepo me nā pali like ʻole. ʻO ka hiki ke corrosion, resistivity lepo a me ka hikina-komohana hikina hiki ke kaha kaha o nā pali like ʻole he mea nui loa (P <0.05). gradient, is upslope>downslope>mid slope. ʻO ka lepo pH waiwai ma ke ʻano o ka iho>uphill>mid slope>natural slope. Total soluble paakai, natural slope slope ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kaʻaahi pali (P <0.05). ʻO ka nui o ka paʻakai soluble maʻiʻo o ke kolu-grade railway slope a me ka huina o ka paʻakai soluble ma luna aʻe o ka 50kg ka lepo. ʻO ka hopena maʻalahi i ka ʻinoʻino metala. ʻO ka maʻiʻo o ka lepo ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka pali maoli a me ka haʻahaʻa ma ka pali iho (P <0.05). ʻO ka mea i loaʻa ka nitrogen ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka iho a me ka waena waena, a ʻo ka haʻahaʻa loa ma ka pali maoli; ʻO ka nui o ka naikokene maʻiʻo o ke kaʻaahi piʻi a me lalo i lalo, akā, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mea i loaʻa.
ʻO ka resistivity lepo kahi helu kuhikuhi e hōʻike ana i ka conductivity uila a me kahi ʻāpana kumu no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana i ka corrosion lepo. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka resistivity lepo e pili ana i ka moisture content, ka nui o ka paʻakai soluble content, pH, ke ʻano o ka lepo, ka mahana, ka mea organik, ka wela o ka lepo, a me ka paʻa. nā pae hoʻoholo loiloi papa corrosivity no kēlā me kēia index37,38.
Wahi a nā hopena hoʻāʻo a me nā kūlana ma koʻu ʻāina (Papa 1), inā loiloi wale ʻia ka ʻino o ka lepo e ka resistivity lepo, ʻoi loa ka ʻino o ka lepo ma ka pali piʻi; ʻo ka lepo ma ka pali iho he ʻano ʻino; he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka ʻinoʻino o ka lepo ma ka pali waena a me ka pali maoli.
He emi loa ka pale ʻana o ka lepo o ka pali ma mua o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka pali, ʻo ia paha ke kumu o ka ua. ʻo 3m ka mamao o ka puʻu; ʻO ka hohonu o ka pahu kaʻa ma lalo o 15cm. Hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka hopena o ke ana ʻana.
Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka haʻahaʻa pili, ʻo ka ea humid perennial ma ka ʻāina ʻo Sichuan ke kumu o ka ʻili metala i ʻike ʻia i ka lewa e corrode ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka mesh mesh i kanu ʻia i ka lepo39. I ka manawa like, hiki i ka ulu ʻana o ka mea kanu ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka lepo a hoʻonui i ka ʻike o ka humus i loko o ka lepo, ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama wale i ka wai, akā hāʻawi pū kekahi i kahi kūlana maikaʻi no ka ulu ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu, a laila e hōʻemi ai i ka lilo ʻana o ka lepo. ka hili ʻana o ka lepo piʻi e ka wai ua.
'O ka hikiwawe ke kumu nui e pili ana i ka poino o ka upena pale slope ma ka pali ekolu, a he hopena nui loa ia ma ka pali pii (Papa 2). ʻōnaehana transport.Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana kaʻaahi, ua loaʻa i ka ʻōnaehana kaʻa kaʻaahi o koʻu ʻāina i ka electrification nui, a me ka ʻino ʻana o nā metala i kanu ʻia ma muli o ke kahe pololei ʻana mai nā ala kaʻa uila ʻaʻole hiki ke nānā ʻia. haʻahaʻa ke au hele; i ka wā e hiki mai ana ka gradient ma waena o 0.5 mv/m a hiki i 5.0 mv/m, he haʻahaʻa ke au o ke au; ke oi aku ka gradient hiki i ka 5.0 mv/m, ua kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ke au o kēia manawa. ʻO ka laula lana o ka gradient hiki (EW) o ka waena waena, ka piʻi a me ka pali lalo i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 3. Ma ke ʻano o ka laula lana, aia nā ʻauwaʻa haʻahaʻa ma ka hikina-komohana a me ka ʻākau-hema ka mea nui. e pili ana i ka ʻino ʻana o nā metala metala ma waena o ka pali a me lalo, ʻoi aku ma waena o ka pali.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi redox lepo (Eh) ma luna o 400 mV e hōʻike ana i ka hiki ke oxidizing, ma luna o 0-200 mV ka hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia, a ma lalo o 0 mV ka hiki ke emi nui. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā pali ma mua o 500 mv, a he liʻiliʻi loa ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kino.
Ua ʻike ʻia nā haʻawina mua i ka hopena o ka pH lepo ma luna o ka lepo. He nāwaliwali ka hopena o ka pH i ka ʻino ʻana o ka metala.
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ka Papa 3, hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻopili pili ʻana i ka hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻana o ka hiki redox a me ke kūlana slope (R2 = 0.858), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka pōʻino a me ka gradient hiki (SN) (R2 = 0.755), a ʻo ka hiki redox a me ka gradient hiki (R2 = 0.858). Aia kekahi pilina maikaʻi ʻole ma waena o ka hiki a me ka pH (R2 = -0.724). Ua hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ke kūlana slope me ka hiki redox. Hōʻike kēia i nā ʻokoʻa o ka microenvironment o nā kūlana slope like ʻole, a pili pono nā microorganisms lepo me ka redox potential48, 49, 50. The redox potentially with this pH1 negatively potential. ʻAʻole i loli pinepine nā waiwai i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana redox lepo, akā loaʻa ka pilina linear maikaʻi ʻole. Hiki ke hōʻike i ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka hiki ke loaʻa a nalowale nā ​​electrons.
ʻO ka nui o ka paʻakai o ka lepo, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻakai o ka lepo, no laila e hoʻonui ai i ka pale ʻana o ka lepo. o ka pono electrode i loko o nā metala a me ka lepo oxygen solubility53.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka paʻakai i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka lepo ʻaʻole i komo pololei i nā hopena electrochemical, akā pili i ka corrosion metala ma o ka resistivity lepo. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakai o ka lepo, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka conductivity lepo a me ka ikaika o ka erosion o ka lepo. a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai. ʻO kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe paha ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻili maoli i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka lepo oʻo (mea makua lepo i hana ʻia e ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka pōhaku), akā ua haku ʻia ka lepo pali o ke kaʻaahi i nā ʻāpana pōhaku i ʻoki ʻia ma ke ʻano he matrix o ka " lepo artificial ", a ʻaʻole i lawa ka hana ʻana i ka lepo. ʻAʻole i hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā minerala. Eia kekahi, ua piʻi ka paʻakai i loko o ka lepo hohonu o nā pali maoli ma o ka hana capillary i ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ʻili a hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka lepo o ka ʻili, e hopena i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike o nā ion paʻakai ma ka ʻili o ka lepo.
ʻO nā ion maikaʻi (e like me K +, Na +, Ca2 +, Mg2 +, Al3 +, a me nā mea'ē aʻe) he liʻiliʻi ka hopena i kaʻino o ka lepo,ʻoiaiʻo nā anion e hana nui i ke kaʻina hana electrochemical o ka corrosion a loaʻa ka hopena nui i kaʻinoʻino. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka Cl− maʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka ʻino o ka lepo.SO42− ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoikaika wale i ka ʻino o ke kila, akā ke kumu pū kekahi i ka corrosion ma kekahi mau mea paʻa54. Hoʻopau pū kekahi i ka hao. nā metala. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina ʻo ka pohō kaumaha o ke kila kalapona i ka lepo alkaline ua aneane like me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka chloride a me nā ion sulfate56,57. Lee et al. ua ʻike ʻo SO42- hiki ke keʻakeʻa i ka ʻino, akā hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lua ʻino i hana mua ʻia58.
E like me ka maʻamau o ka corrosiveness loiloi maʻamau a me nā hopena hoʻāʻo, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka chloride ion ma kēlā me kēia slope soil sample ma luna o 100 mg / kg, e hōʻike ana i ka corrosiveness lepo ikaika. 200mg / kg, a nāwaliwali ka ʻino o ka lepo. Ke loaʻa ka ʻano o ka lepo i kahi koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe, e komo ia i ka hopena a hoʻopuka i ka corrosion scale ma ka ʻili o ka electrode metala, a laila e hoʻolohi i ka hopena corrosion. i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hoʻonui ʻana, uhi ʻia ke ʻano o ka corrosion i ka ʻili o ka electrode metala, a hōʻike ka corrosion rate i ke ʻano lohi hou59. Ua ʻike ʻia ka haʻawina he haʻahaʻa ka nui o ka lepo a no laila ua liʻiliʻi ka hopena i ka corrosion.
Wahi a ka Papa 4, ua hōʻike ʻia ka pilina ma waena o ka slope a me ka anion lepo he pilina maikaʻi koʻikoʻi ma waena o ka slope a me nā ion chloride (R2=0.836), a me ka pilina maikaʻi ma waena o ka slope a me ka nui o nā paʻakai soluble (R2=0.742).
Hōʻike kēia i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka lepo. He pilina maikaʻi ma waena o nā paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me nā ion chloride, ʻo ia paha no ka nui o nā paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, a ʻo ka maʻiʻo o nā paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka ʻokoʻa o ka chloride ions. ʻinoʻino nui o ka ʻāpana mesh mesh.
ʻO nā mea organik, ka nui o ka nitrogen, ka nitrogen i loaʻa, ka phosphorus a me ka potassium i loaʻa nā meaʻai kumu o ka lepo, e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka lepo a me ka absorption o nā meaʻai e ka ʻōnaehana kumu. ka hoʻoulu ʻana.Ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o ka lepo hana, pono e loaʻa ka ʻike maikaʻi o nā meaʻai i loko o ka lepo hana.
Hōʻike ka ʻimi noiʻi ʻo ka ʻike o ka mea organik ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka lepo kūlohelohe ma hope o ke kaʻina hana o ka lepo holoʻokoʻa. Ua kiʻekiʻe ka uhi ʻana o nā mea kanu waena a me lalo, akā he haʻahaʻa ka homogeneity, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻohele like ʻole o nā mea kanu o ka ʻili.
Ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen maʻiʻo o nā ala kaʻa piʻi, waena a me lalo o ka pali, e hōʻike ana ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mineralization nitrogen organik o ka pali o ke alahao. organic nitrogen60,61. E like me ka hopena o ka noiʻi 62, ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻike o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i loko o ka lepo o nā pali o ke kaʻaahi ma mua o nā pali kūlohelohe. He 77.27% a hiki i ka 99.79% ka nui o ka poho o ke alahao. O ka wai kahe o ka ili paha ke kumu nui o ka lilo o na mea ai ma na lepo pali63,64,65.
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Papa 4, ua like ka pilina maikaʻi ma waena o ke kūlana slope a me ka phosphorus i loaʻa (R2=0.948), a ua like ka pilina ma waena o ke kūlana slope a me ka potassium i loaʻa (R2=0.898).
He mea nui ka gradient e pili ana i ka waiwai o ka lepo a me ka hoonui nitrogen66, a o ka li'ili'i o ka gradient, oi ka nui o ka waiwai. ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka phosphorus i loaʻa a me ka potassium i loaʻa i loko o ka lepo.
I mea e akaka ai ka pilina ma waena o nā meaʻai lepo a me ka ʻino o ka lepo, pono ke kālailai ʻana i ka pilina. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Papa 5, ua hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ka hiki redox me ka nitrogen i loaʻa (R2 = -0.845) a pili maikaʻi loa me ka phosphorus i loaʻa (R2 = 0.842) a me ka potassium i loaʻa (R2 = 0.980 ka hopena o ka redox maʻamau). kekahi mau waiwai kino a me kemika o ka lepo, a laila pili i kekahi mau waiwai o ka lepo.No laila, he mea ko'iko'i ia i ka ho'oholo 'ana i ke kuhikuhi o ka ho'ololi 'ana i ka mea'ai lepo67. Hiki i nā 'ano redox like 'ole ke hopena i nā moku'āina like'ole a me ka loa'a 'ana o nā kumu waiwai.
Ma waho aʻe o nā mea metala, pili pū ka hiki ke ʻino i nā waiwai lepo. Ua hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ka pōʻino me ka mea olaola, e hōʻike ana he hopena koʻikoʻi ka mea organik i ka hiki ke ʻino. ion..Aia kahi pilina maikaʻi ʻole ma waena o ka pH lepo a me ka potassium i loaʻa (R2 = -0.728).
ʻO ka nitrogen i loaʻa ua pili maikaʻi loa ia me nā paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me nā ion chloride, a ua hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ka phosphorus a me ka potassium i loaʻa me ka nui o nā paʻakai soluble a me nā ion chloride. me ka ion sulfate, a me ka pili pono loa me ka bicarbonate, e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ka naikokene i ka hopena i ka maʻiʻo o ka sulfate a me ka bicarbonate. He liʻiliʻi ka makemake o nā mea kanu i nā ion sulfate a me nā ion bicarbonate, no laila ka hapa nui o lākou i ka lepo a i ʻole e komo ʻia e nā colloids lepo. pono e hoemi i ka corrosivity o ka lepo.
ʻO ka lepo kahi ʻōnaehana paʻakikī a me nā waiwai. ʻO ka corrosivity lepo ka hopena o ka hana synergistic o nā kumu he nui. No laila, hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻano loiloi piha no ka loiloi ʻana i ka corrosivity o ka lepo. Me ka pili ʻana i ka "Code for Geotechnical Engineering Investigation" (GB50021-94) a me nā ʻano hoʻāʻo o China Soil Corrosion Test Network, hiki ke loiloi piha ʻia ka papa corrosion lepo e like me nā kūlana aʻe: (1) ʻO ka loiloi ʻana ʻaʻohe corrosion nāwaliwali, ʻaʻole ikaika ka corrosion; (2) inā ʻaʻohe ʻino ikaika, ua loiloi ʻia ʻo ia he ʻano corrosion haʻahaʻa; (3) inā he hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau wahi o ka corrosion ikaika, ua loiloi ʻia ʻo ia ka corrosion ikaika; (4) inā he 3 a ʻoi aku paha nā wahi o ka corrosion ikaika, ua loiloi ʻia ʻo ia ka corrosion ikaika no ka corrosion koʻikoʻi.
E like me ka resistivity lepo, redox potential, water content, paakai content, pH value, and Cl- a me SO42- content, the corrosion grades of soil samples at various slopes were comprehensively evaluated.
He mea koʻikoʻi ka hiki ʻana o ka ʻino i ka ʻino o ka ʻupena pale. ʻO ka nui o ka paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka lepo o ka piko o luna, waena a me lalo ma luna o 500 mg / kg, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka corrosion ma ka ʻupena pale slope. nui i loko o ka lepo waena, e hōʻike ana he mau hana microbial pinepine a me ka ulu wikiwiki o ka mea kanu.
Hōʻike ka noiʻi i ka hiki ʻana o ka corrosion, ka gradient hiki, ka nui o ka paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me ka ʻike wai nā kumu nui e pili ana i ka ʻino ʻana o ka lepo ma nā pali ʻekolu, a ua loiloi ʻia ka corrosiveness o ka lepo ma ke ʻano he ikaika. pono e hoemi i ka poino o ka lepo, e maalahi i ka ulu ana o ka mea kanu, a i ka hope e hoomau i ka pali.
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