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Karfe 20MnTiB shine kayan bolt mai ƙarfi da ake amfani da shi sosai don gina gadoji a ƙasarmu, kuma aikinsa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga aminci ga aikin gadoji. Dangane da binciken yanayin yanayi a Chongqing, wannan binciken ya tsara maganin tsatsa wanda ke kwaikwayon yanayin danshi na Chongqing, kuma ya gudanar da gwaje-gwajen tsatsa na bolt masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke kwaikwayon yanayin danshi na Chongqing. An yi nazarin tasirin zafin jiki, ƙimar pH da kuma yawan maganin tsatsa da aka yi kwaikwayon akan halayen tsatsa na bolt masu ƙarfi na 20MnTiB.
Karfe 20MnTiB shine kayan ƙusoshin ƙarfe mafi ƙarfi da ake amfani da su don gadojin tsarin ƙarfe a ƙasata, kuma aikin sa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga aikin gadoji lafiya. Li et al. 1 sun gwada halayen ƙarfe 20MnTiB da aka saba amfani da su a cikin ƙusoshin ƙarfe masu ƙarfi na aji 10.9 a cikin zafin jiki mai girma na 20 ~ 700 ℃, kuma sun sami lanƙwasa na damuwa, ƙarfin samarwa, ƙarfin tensile, tsarin Young, da tsawo. da kuma ƙimar faɗaɗawa. Zhang et al. 2, Hu et al. 3, da sauransu, ta hanyar gwajin sinadarai, gwajin mallakar injiniya, gwajin ƙananan tsari, nazarin macroscopic da microscopic na saman zaren, kuma sakamakon ya nuna cewa babban dalilin karyewar ƙusoshin ƙarfe masu ƙarfi yana da alaƙa da lahani na zare, da kuma faruwar lahani na zare. Babban yawan damuwa, yawan damuwa na tip na tsagewa da yanayin tsagewa a buɗe duk suna haifar da tsagewar tsagewa.
Ana amfani da ƙusoshin ƙarfe masu ƙarfi sosai na dogon lokaci a cikin yanayi mai danshi. Abubuwan da suka shafi zafi mai yawa, zafin jiki mai yawa, da kuma lalata abubuwa masu cutarwa a cikin muhalli na iya haifar da tsatsa a cikin tsarin ƙarfe cikin sauƙi. Tsatsa na iya haifar da asarar ƙusoshin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, wanda ke haifar da lahani da tsatsa da yawa. Kuma waɗannan lahani da tsatsa za su ci gaba da faɗaɗa, ta haka ne rage rayuwar ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi har ma da haifar da karyewa. Zuwa yanzu, akwai bincike da yawa kan tasirin tsatsa a cikin aikin tsatsa a cikin kayan aiki. Catar et al4 sun binciki halayen tsatsa a cikin ƙarfe masu magnesium tare da abubuwan aluminum daban-daban a cikin yanayi mai acidic, alkaline da tsaka tsaki ta hanyar gwajin saurin damuwa (SSRT). Abdel et al.5 sun yi nazarin halayen tsatsa a cikin ƙarfe mai electrochemical da damuwa na ƙarfe mai Cu10Ni a cikin maganin NaCl 3.5% a gaban yawan ions na sulfide daban-daban. Aghion et al.6 sun kimanta aikin tsatsa na ƙarfe mai magnesium mai mutu-cast MRI230D a cikin maganin NaCl 3.5% ta hanyar gwajin nutsewa, gwajin fesa gishiri, nazarin potentiodynamic polarization da SSRT.Zhang da abokan aikinsa sun yi nazarin halayyar lalata damuwa ta ƙarfe 9Cr martensitic ta amfani da dabarun gwajin lantarki na gargajiya, kuma sun sami tasirin ions na chloride akan halayen lalata tsaye na ƙarfe martensitic a zafin ɗaki. Chen da abokan aikinsa sun yi bincike kan halayyar lalata damuwa da tsarin tsagewa na ƙarfe X70 a cikin maganin laka na teku wanda aka kwaikwayi wanda ke ɗauke da SRB a yanayin zafi daban-daban ta hanyar SSRT. Liu da abokan aikinsa sun yi amfani da SSRT don nazarin tasirin zafin jiki da ƙimar matsin lamba akan juriyar lalata damuwa ta ruwan teku na 00Cr21Ni14Mn5Mo2N bakin ƙarfe austenitic. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa zafin jiki a cikin kewayon 35~65℃ ba shi da wani tasiri mai mahimmanci akan halayen lalata damuwa na bakin ƙarfe. Lu da abokan aikinsa. 10 sun kimanta jinkirin karyewar samfurori tare da matakan ƙarfin tensile daban-daban ta hanyar gwajin karyewar da aka jinkirta da kuma SSRT. Ana ba da shawarar cewa ƙarfin tensile na ƙarfe 20MnTiB da ƙarfe 35VB masu ƙarfi ya kamata a sarrafa su a 1040-1190MPa. Duk da haka, yawancin waɗannan nazarin suna amfani da mafita mai sauƙi na NaCl 3.5% don kwaikwayon yanayin lalata, yayin da ainihin yanayin amfani da tenels masu ƙarfi ya fi rikitarwa kuma yana da abubuwa da yawa masu tasiri, kamar ƙimar pH na bontel. Ananya et al. 11 sun yi nazarin tasirin sigogin muhalli da kayan aiki a cikin matsakaiciyar lalata akan lalata da tsagewar tsagewar damuwa na ƙarfe marasa ƙarfi duplex. Sunada et al. An gudanar da gwaje-gwajen tsagewar datti a zafin ɗaki a kan ƙarfe SUS304 a cikin ruwan da ke ɗauke da H2SO4 (0-5.5 kmol/m-3) da NaCl (0-4.5 kmol/m-3). An kuma yi nazarin tasirin H2SO4 da NaCl akan nau'ikan tsagewar ƙarfe SUS304. Merwe et al.13 sun yi amfani da SSRT don nazarin tasirin alkiblar birgima, zafin jiki, yawan CO2/CO, matsin lamba na iskar gas da lokacin tsagewa akan raunin tsagewar datti na ƙarfen matsi na A516. Ta amfani da maganin NS4 a matsayin maganin kwaikwayon ruwan ƙasa, Ibrahim et al. 14 sun binciki tasirin sigogin muhalli kamar yawan bicarbonate ion (HCO), pH da zafin jiki akan tsagewar datti na bututun API-X100 bayan sun bare murfin. Shan et al. 15 sun yi nazarin dokar bambancin juriyar tsagewa ta tsagewa ta damuwa ta ƙarfe mai bakin ƙarfe mai austenitic 00Cr18Ni10 tare da zafin jiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafin jiki daban-daban (30~250℃) a ƙarƙashin yanayin ruwan baƙar fata a cikin shukar kwal-zuwa-hydrogen da aka yi kwaikwayon ta SSRT. Han et al.16 sun bayyana juriyar hydrogen na samfuran ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi ta amfani da gwajin karyewa mai jinkiri kuma SSRT. Zhao17 ya yi nazarin tasirin pH, SO42-, Cl-1 akan halayen tsagewa ta damuwa na ƙarfe mai GH4080A ta SSRT. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ƙarancin ƙimar pH, mafi muni da juriyar tsagewa ta damuwa na ƙarfe mai GH4080A. Yana da bayyanannen yanayin tsagewa ga Cl-1, kuma baya jin daɗin matsakaicin SO42-ionic a zafin ɗaki. Duk da haka, akwai ƙananan bincike kan tasirin tsagewa ta muhalli akan ƙusoshin ƙarfe masu ƙarfi na 20MnTiB.
Domin gano dalilan gazawar ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi da ake amfani da su a gadoji, marubucin ya gudanar da jerin bincike. An zaɓi samfuran ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi, kuma an tattauna dalilan gazawar waɗannan samfuran daga mahangar abubuwan da suka shafi sinadarai, yanayin ƙashi na ƙashi, tsarin ƙarfe da kuma nazarin halayen injiniya19, 20. Dangane da binciken yanayin yanayi a Chongqing a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an tsara wani tsari na tsatsa wanda ke kwaikwayon yanayin danshi na Chongqing. An gudanar da gwaje-gwajen tsatsa na damuwa, gwaje-gwajen tsatsa na lantarki da gwaje-gwajen gajiya na ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi a cikin yanayin danshi na Chongqing. A cikin wannan binciken, an binciki tasirin zafin jiki, ƙimar pH da yawan sinadarin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi akan halayen tsatsa na ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi na 20MnTiB ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen mallakar injina, nazarin macroscopic da microscopic, da samfuran tsatsa na saman.
Chongqing tana kudu maso yammacin kasar Sin, wato saman kogin Yangtze, kuma tana da yanayi mai danshi a yanayin damina mai zafi. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara shine 16-18°C, matsakaicin danshin da ake samu a shekara shine 70-80%, lokacin hasken rana na shekara shine 1000-1400 hours, kuma kaso na hasken rana shine 25-35% kawai.
A cewar rahotannin da suka shafi hasken rana da yanayin zafi a Chongqing daga 2015 zuwa 2018, matsakaicin zafin rana a Chongqing ya kai ƙasa da 17°C kuma ya kai 23°C. Mafi girman zafin jiki a jikin gadar Chaotianmen Bridge da ke Chongqing zai iya kaiwa 50°C °C 21,22. Saboda haka, an saita matakan zafin jiki na gwajin tsatsa na damuwa a 25°C da 50°C.
Darajar pH na maganin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi kai tsaye yana ƙayyade adadin H+, amma ba yana nufin cewa ƙarancin ƙimar pH ba, zai fi sauƙin tsatsa. Tasirin pH akan sakamakon zai bambanta ga kayayyaki da mafita daban-daban. Domin yin nazarin tasirin maganin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi akan aikin tsatsa na ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi, an saita ƙimar pH na gwaje-gwajen tsatsa na damuwa zuwa 3.5, 5.5 da 7.5 tare da binciken wallafe-wallafe23 da kewayon pH na ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Chongqing.2010 zuwa 2018.
Mafi girman yawan sinadarin da aka kwaikwayi na maganin tsatsa, da kuma yawan sinadarin ion a cikin maganin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi, da kuma yawan tasirin da ke kan kayan. Domin nazarin tasirin sinadarin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi na maganin tsatsa akan tsatsa mai ƙarfi na ƙusoshin ƙarfi, an gano gwajin tsatsa mai sauri na dakin gwaje-gwaje, kuma an saita yawan sinadarin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi zuwa mataki na 4 ba tare da tsatsa ba, waɗanda sune ainihin sinadarin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi (1×), 20 × sinadarin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi na maganin tsatsa (20 ×) da kuma 200 × sinadarin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi na maganin tsatsa (200 ×).
Muhalli mai zafin 25℃, ƙimar pH ta 5.5, da kuma yawan sinadarin da aka yi amfani da shi wajen lalatawa shine mafi kusanci da yanayin amfani da shi na ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi ga gadoji. Duk da haka, domin hanzarta aikin gwajin lalatawa, an saita yanayin gwaji tare da zafin 25 °C, pH na 5.5 da kuma yawan sinadarin da aka yi amfani da shi wajen lalatawa na asali na 200 × a matsayin ƙungiyar kula da tunani. Lokacin da aka binciki tasirin zafin jiki, yawan sinadarin ko ƙimar pH na maganin lalatawa da aka yi amfani da shi akan aikin lalatawa na ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi bi da bi, wasu abubuwan ba su canza ba, wanda aka yi amfani da shi azaman matakin gwaji na ƙungiyar kula da tunani.
A cewar bayanin kula da ingancin muhallin yanayi na 2010-2018 da Ofishin Kula da Muhalli da Muhalli na Gundumar Chongqing ya bayar, da kuma la'akari da sassan ruwan sama da aka ruwaito a Zhang24 da sauran rubuce-rubucen da aka ruwaito a Chongqing, an tsara maganin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi bisa ga ƙara yawan SO42. Tsarin ruwan sama a babban yankin birnin Chongqing a shekarar 2017. An nuna tsarin maganin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi a cikin Tebur 1:
Ana shirya maganin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi ta hanyar amfani da hanyar daidaita yawan ion na sinadarai ta amfani da sinadaran nazari da ruwan da aka tace. An daidaita ƙimar pH na maganin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi tare da daidaitaccen mitar pH, maganin nitric acid da kuma maganin sodium hydroxide.
Domin kwaikwayon yanayin danshi a Chongqing, an gyara na'urar gwajin gishirin musamman kuma an tsara ta 25. Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 1, kayan aikin gwaji suna da tsarin guda biyu: tsarin fesa gishirin da tsarin haske. Tsarin fesa gishirin shine babban aikin kayan aikin gwaji, wanda ya ƙunshi ɓangaren sarrafawa, ɓangaren fesa da ɓangaren shigarwa. Aikin ɓangaren fesa gishirin shine ya tura hazo mai gishirin zuwa ɗakin gwaji ta hanyar na'urar kwampreso ta iska. Sashen shigarwar ya ƙunshi abubuwan auna zafin jiki, waɗanda ke jin zafin jiki a ɗakin gwaji. Sashen sarrafawa ya ƙunshi na'urar kwamfuta mai kwakwalwa, wacce ke haɗa ɓangaren fesa da ɓangaren shigarwa don sarrafa dukkan tsarin gwaji. An sanya tsarin haske a cikin ɗakin gwajin fesa gishirin don kwaikwayon hasken rana. Tsarin haske ya ƙunshi fitilun infrared da mai sarrafa lokaci. A lokaci guda, ana sanya na'urar firikwensin zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin gwajin fesa gishirin don sa ido kan zafin jiki a kusa da samfurin a ainihin lokacin.
An sarrafa samfuran tsatsa na damuwa a ƙarƙashin nauyin da ba ya canzawa bisa ga NACETM0177-2005 (Gwajin Dakin Gwaji na Tsatsa na Sulfide da Juriyar Tsatsa na Ƙarfe a cikin Muhalli na H2S). An fara tsaftace samfuran tsatsa na damuwa da acetone da tsaftacewa na injiniya na ultrasonic don cire ragowar mai, sannan a bushe da barasa sannan a busar da su a cikin tanda. Sannan a sanya samfuran tsabta a cikin ɗakin gwaji na na'urar gwajin feshi na gishiri don kwaikwayon yanayin tsatsa a cikin yanayin yanayi mai danshi na Chongqing. Dangane da daidaitattun NACETM0177-2005 da daidaitaccen gwajin feshi na gishiri GB/T 10,125-2012, lokacin gwajin tsatsa na damuwa na nauyi a cikin wannan binciken an ƙaddara shi daidai gwargwado awanni 168. An gudanar da gwaje-gwajen tsatsa a kan samfuran tsatsa a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na tsatsa akan na'urar gwajin tensile ta duniya ta MTS-810, kuma an yi nazarin halayen injinan su da yanayin tsatsa na karyewa.
Siffa ta 1 tana nuna macro- da micro-morphology na tsatsa a saman samfuran tsatsa mai ƙarfi na ƙugiya a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na tsatsa.2 da 3 bi da bi.
Tsarin halitta na samfuran tsatsa na damuwa na ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi na 20MnTiB a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na tsatsa: (a) babu tsatsa; (b) sau 1; (c) 20 ×; (d) 200 ×; (e) pH3.5; (f) pH 7.5; (g) 50°C.
Ilimin halittar samfuran tsatsa na ƙusoshin 20MnTiB masu ƙarfi a cikin yanayi daban-daban na tsatsa (100×): (a) sau 1; (b) 20 ×; (c) 200 ×; (d) pH3.5; (e) pH7 .5; (f) 50°C.
Za a iya gani daga Hoto na 2a cewa saman samfurin ƙulli mai ƙarfi wanda ba ya lalace yana nuna walƙiya mai haske ta ƙarfe ba tare da tsatsa a bayyane ba. Duk da haka, a ƙarƙashin yanayin maganin tsatsa na asali (Hoto na 2b), saman samfurin an rufe shi da samfuran tsatsa mai launin ruwan kasa da ja, kuma wasu sassan saman har yanzu suna nuna walƙiya mai haske ta ƙarfe, wanda ke nuna cewa wasu yankuna ne kawai na saman samfurin suka ɗan lalace, kuma maganin tsatsa da aka yi kwaikwayon bai yi wani tasiri a saman samfurin ba. Kayayyakin abu ba su da wani tasiri sosai. Duk da haka, a ƙarƙashin yanayin 20 × na asali mai narkewar maganin tsatsa (Hoto na 2c), saman samfurin ƙarfin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi ya rufe gaba ɗaya da adadi mai yawa na samfuran tsatsa mai launin ruwan kasa da ƙaramin adadin samfurin launin ruwan kasa-ja, babu wani haske na ƙarfe da aka gano, kuma akwai ƙaramin adadin samfurin tsatsa mai launin ruwan kasa-baƙi kusa da saman substrate. Kuma a ƙarƙashin yanayin 200 × na asali mai narkewar maganin tsatsa (Hoto na 2d), saman samfurin ya rufe gaba ɗaya da samfuran tsatsa mai launin ruwan kasa, kuma samfuran tsatsa mai launin ruwan kasa-baƙi suna bayyana a wasu yankuna.
Yayin da pH ya ragu zuwa 3.5 (Hoto na 2e), samfuran tsatsa masu launin launin ruwan kasa sune suka fi yawa a saman samfuran, kuma an cire wasu daga cikin samfuran tsatsa.
Hoto na 2g ya nuna cewa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru zuwa 50 °C, abubuwan da ke cikin samfuran tsatsa masu launin ruwan kasa-ja a saman samfurin suna raguwa sosai, yayin da samfuran tsatsa masu launin ruwan kasa masu haske ke rufe saman samfurin a babban yanki. Tsarin samfurin tsatsa yana da sassauƙa kaɗan, kuma wasu samfuran launin ruwan kasa-baƙi ana cire su.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 3, a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na tsatsa, samfuran tsatsa a saman samfuran tsatsa masu ƙarfi na 20MnTiB a bayyane yake suna raguwa, kuma kauri na layin tsatsa yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwar yawan maganin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi. A ƙarƙashin yanayin maganin tsatsa na asali da aka kwaikwayi (Hoto na 3a), samfuran tsatsa a saman samfurin za a iya raba su zuwa layuka biyu: layin waje na samfuran tsatsa yana rarraba daidai, amma adadi mai yawa na tsatsa suna bayyana; layin ciki shine tarin samfuran tsatsa. A ƙarƙashin yanayin yawan maganin tsatsa na asali da aka kwaikwayi 20× (Hoto na 3b), layin tsatsa a saman samfurin za a iya raba shi zuwa layuka uku: layin waje shine galibi samfuran tsatsa na rukuni da aka warwatse, waɗanda suke kwance kuma suna da ramuka, kuma ba su da kyakkyawan aikin kariya; Layer na tsakiya shine layin samfurin tsatsa iri ɗaya, amma akwai fasa bayyanannu, kuma ions na tsatsa na iya ratsawa ta cikin tsatsa kuma suna lalata substrate; Layer na ciki wani yanki ne mai kauri na samfurin tsatsa wanda ba shi da tsatsa a bayyane, wanda ke da kyakkyawan tasiri na kariya akan substrate. A ƙarƙashin yanayin 200 × na asali mai narkewar maganin tsatsa (Hoto na 3c), Layer na tsatsa a saman samfurin za a iya raba shi zuwa layuka uku: Layer na waje shine siriri kuma madaidaicin Layer na samfurin tsatsa; Layer na tsakiya galibi shine tsatsa mai siffar fure da siffar flake Layer na ciki shine Layer na samfurin tsatsa mai kauri wanda ba shi da tsatsa da ramuka a bayyane, wanda ke da kyakkyawan tasiri na kariya akan substrate.
Za a iya gani daga Hoto na 3d cewa a cikin yanayin lalata da aka kwaikwayi na pH 3.5, akwai adadi mai yawa na samfuran tsatsa ko masu kama da allura a saman samfurin ƙusoshin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na 20MnTiB. Ana hasashen cewa waɗannan samfuran tsatsa galibi γ-FeOOH ne kuma ƙaramin adadin α-FeOOH ne da aka haɗa26, kuma layin tsatsa yana da fasa bayyananne.
Za a iya gani daga Hoto na 3f cewa lokacin da zafin ya karu zuwa 50 °C, babu wani fili mai kauri na tsatsa a cikin tsarin tsatsa, wanda ke nuna cewa akwai gibi tsakanin tsatsa a 50 °C, wanda hakan ya sa ba a rufe substrate gaba daya da kayayyakin tsatsa ba. Yana ba da kariya daga karuwar tsatsa a substrate.
An nuna halayen injina na kusoshi masu ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin tsatsa mai ƙarfi a cikin yanayi daban-daban na lalata a cikin Jadawali na 2:
Za a iya gani daga Jadawali na 2 cewa halayen injina na samfuran ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi na 20MnTiB har yanzu sun cika buƙatun da aka saba bayan gwajin tsatsa mai bushewa ya hanzarta zagayowar tsatsa a cikin yanayi daban-daban na tsatsa, amma akwai wani lahani idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba su lalace ba. Samfurin. A lokacin yawan maganin tsatsa na asali, halayen injina na samfurin bai canza sosai ba, amma a yawan 20 × ko 200 × na maganin da aka kwaikwayi, tsawaita samfurin ya ragu sosai. Halayen injina suna kama da juna a yawan 20 × da 200 × na mafita na tsatsa na asali. Lokacin da ƙimar pH na maganin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi ya ragu zuwa 3.5, ƙarfin tsatsa da tsawaita samfuran sun ragu sosai. Lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa 50°C, ƙarfin tsatsa da tsawaitawa suna raguwa sosai, kuma ƙimar raguwar yanki yana kusa da ƙimar da aka saba.
An nuna yanayin karyewar samfuran tsatsa mai ƙarfi na 20MnTiB a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na tsatsa a cikin Hoto na 4, waɗanda sune macro-morphology na karyewar, yankin zare a tsakiyar karyewar, lebe mai ƙananan-morphological na hanyar yanke, da kuma saman samfurin.
Siffofi na karyewar abubuwa masu yawa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta na samfuran ƙusoshin 20MnTiB masu ƙarfi a cikin yanayi daban-daban na tsatsa (500×): (a) babu tsatsa; (b) sau 1; (c) 20 ×; (d) 200 ×; (e) pH3.5; (f) pH7.5; (g) 50°C.
Za a iya gani daga Hoto na 4 cewa karyewar samfurin tsatsa mai ƙarfi na 20MnTiB a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na tsatsa yana nuna karyewar kofi-cone na yau da kullun. Idan aka kwatanta da samfurin da ba ya lalace (Hoto na 4a), yankin tsakiyar fashewar yankin zare ƙarami ne. Yankin laɓɓan yanke ya fi girma. Wannan yana nuna cewa halayen injiniya na kayan suna da matuƙar lalacewa bayan tsatsa. Tare da ƙaruwar yawan maganin tsatsa da aka kwaikwayi, ramuka a yankin zare a tsakiyar karyewar sun ƙaru, kuma wuraren tsatsa bayyanannu sun bayyana. Lokacin da yawan ya ƙaru zuwa sau 20 fiye da na maganin tsatsa na asali, ramukan tsatsa bayyanannu sun bayyana a mahaɗin tsakanin gefen laɓɓan yanke da saman samfurin, kuma akwai samfuran tsatsa da yawa a saman samfurin.
An yi hasashen daga Hoto na 3d cewa akwai tsage-tsage a fili a cikin layin tsagewa a saman samfurin, wanda ba shi da kyakkyawan tasiri ga matrix. A cikin maganin tsagewa na pH 3.5 da aka kwaikwayi (Hoto na 4e), saman samfurin ya lalace sosai, kuma yankin zare na tsakiya a bayyane yake ƙarami ne. , Akwai adadi mai yawa na tsagewa marasa daidaituwa a tsakiyar yankin zare. Tare da ƙaruwar ƙimar pH na maganin tsagewa da aka kwaikwayi, yankin tsagewa a yankin zare a tsakiyar karyewar yana raguwa, ramin yana raguwa a hankali, kuma zurfin ramin ma yana raguwa a hankali.
Lokacin da zafin ya karu zuwa 50 °C (Hoto na 4g), yankin yanke lebe na samfurin shine mafi girma, ramukan da ke yankin zare na tsakiya sun ƙaru sosai, kuma zurfin ramin ya ƙaru, kuma haɗin da ke tsakanin gefen yanke lebe da saman samfurin ya ƙaru. Kayayyakin tsatsa da ramuka sun ƙaru, wanda ya tabbatar da zurfafa yanayin tsatsa na substrate da aka nuna a Hoto na 3f.
Darajar pH na maganin tsatsa zai haifar da wasu lahani ga halayen injina na ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi na 20MnTiB, amma tasirin ba shi da mahimmanci. A cikin maganin tsatsa na pH 3.5, ana rarraba adadi mai yawa na samfuran tsatsa masu kama da allura a saman samfurin, kuma layin tsatsa yana da fasa bayyanannu, waɗanda ba za su iya samar da kariya mai kyau ga substrate ba. Kuma akwai ramuka masu bayyanannu da adadi mai yawa na samfuran tsatsa a cikin yanayin microscopic na karyewar samfurin. Wannan yana nuna cewa ikon samfurin na juriya ga nakasa ta hanyar ƙarfin waje yana raguwa sosai a cikin yanayi mai acidic, kuma matakin damuwa na tsatsa na kayan yana ƙaruwa sosai.
Maganin tsatsa na asali da aka yi kwaikwayonsa ba shi da wani tasiri a kan halayen injina na samfuran ƙusoshin ƙarfi, amma yayin da yawan maganin tsatsa da aka yi kwaikwayonsa ya karu zuwa sau 20 fiye da na maganin tsatsa na asali da aka yi kwaikwayonsa, halayen injina na samfuran sun lalace sosai, kuma akwai tsatsa a bayyane a cikin tsarin karyewa. ramuka, fasa na biyu da yawa da samfuran tsatsa. Lokacin da aka ƙara yawan maganin tsatsa da aka yi kwaikwayonsa daga sau 20 zuwa sau 200 na yawan maganin tsatsa na asali da aka yi kwaikwayonsa, tasirin yawan maganin tsatsa akan halayen injina na kayan ya ragu.
Idan zafin tsatsa da aka yi kwaikwayon ya kai 25℃, ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa da ƙarfin taurin samfuran ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi na 20MnTiB ba sa canzawa sosai idan aka kwatanta da samfuran da ba su lalace ba. Duk da haka, a ƙarƙashin yanayin tsatsa da aka yi kwaikwayon na 50 °C, ƙarfin taurin da tsawaita samfurin ya ragu sosai, ƙimar raguwar sashe ya kusa da ƙimar da aka saba, leben yankewa na karyewa shine mafi girma, kuma akwai ɗimbin ramuka a yankin zare na tsakiya. Ya ƙaru sosai, zurfin rami ya ƙaru, samfuran tsatsa da ramukan tsatsa sun ƙaru. Wannan yana nuna cewa yanayin tsatsa mai haɗakar zafin jiki yana da babban tasiri akan halayen injinan ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi, wanda ba a bayyane yake a zafin ɗaki ba, amma ya fi mahimmanci lokacin da zafin jiki ya kai 50 °C.
Bayan gwajin tsatsa mai sauri a cikin gida wanda ya yi kwaikwayon yanayin yanayi a Chongqing, ƙarfin taurin kai, ƙarfin samarwa, tsawo da sauran sigogi na ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi na 20MnTiB sun ragu, kuma lalacewar damuwa ta bayyana. Tunda kayan yana cikin damuwa, za a sami wani babban abin da ke haifar da tsatsa a cikin gida. Kuma saboda tasirin haɗakar yawan damuwa da ramukan tsatsa, yana da sauƙi a haifar da lalacewar filastik a bayyane ga ƙusoshin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi, rage ikon tsayayya da nakasa ta ƙarfin waje, da kuma ƙara yawan tsatsa mai damuwa.
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