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Ibyuma bya 20MnTiB ni byo bikoresho bikomeye cyane bikoreshwa cyane mu kubaka ibiraro by'ibyuma mu gihugu cyanjye, kandi imikorere yabyo ni ingenzi cyane mu mikorere myiza y'ibiraro. Hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi ku bidukikije byo mu kirere muri Chongqing, ubu bushakashatsi bwakozwe ku gisubizo cya ruswa gishushanya ikirere cy'ubushuhe cya Chongqing, kandi bwakoze ibizamini bya ruswa bya stress bolts zikomeye zigereranya ikirere cy'ubushuhe cya Chongqing. Ingaruka z'ubushyuhe, agaciro ka pH n'ubwinshi bw'igisubizo cya ruswa ku myitwarire ya stress corruption ya 20MnTiB ifite imbaraga nyinshi byizweho.
Ibyuma bya 20MnTiB ni byo bikoresho bikomeye cyane bikoreshwa cyane mu biraro by'ibyuma mu gihugu cyanjye, kandi imikorere yabyo ni ingenzi cyane mu mikorere myiza y'ibiraro. Li et al. 1 bapimye imiterere y'icyuma cya 20MnTiB gikunze gukoreshwa mu biraro bikomeye byo mu rwego rwa 10.9 mu bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 20 ~ 700 ℃, maze babona umuvuduko w'imbaraga, imbaraga z'umusaruro, imbaraga zo gukurura, modulus ya Young, n'uburebure. na coefficient yo kwaguka. Zhang et al. 2, Hu et al. 3, n'abandi, binyuze mu isuzuma ry'imiterere y'ibinyabutabire, isuzuma ry'imiterere y'imashini, isuzuma ry'imiterere y'imigozi, isesengura rya macroscopic na microscopic ry'ubuso bw'umugozi, kandi ibisubizo bigaragaza ko impamvu nyamukuru yo kuvunika kw'ibirago bikomeye ifitanye isano n'inenge z'umugozi, kandi kubaho kw'inenge z'umugozi Ingano nini z'imbaraga, intera y'impanuka n'imiterere y'ingufu mu kirere cyo hanze byose bituma habaho ihungabana ry'ingufu.
Udupira tw’ibyuma dukomeye cyane dukoreshwa igihe kirekire ahantu hashyushye. Ibintu nk’ubushuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, no gushonga no kwinjiza ibintu byangiza mu bidukikije bishobora gutera kwangirika kw’inyubako z’icyuma byoroshye. Kwangirika bishobora gutera kwangirika kw’udupira tw’ibyuma bikomeye, bigatera inenge nyinshi n’imyanya. Kandi izi nenge n’imyanya bizakomeza kwaguka, bityo bigabanye igihe cy’udupira tw’ibyuma bikomeye ndetse bigatuma tumeneka. Kugeza ubu, hari ubushakashatsi bwinshi ku ngaruka za kwangirika kw’ibidukikije ku mikorere ya kwangirika kw’ibikoresho. Catar et al4 bakoze ubushakashatsi ku mikorere ya kwangirika kw’udupira twa magnesium dufite aluminiyumu itandukanye mu bidukikije birimo aside, alkaline n’ibidahinduka binyuze mu gupima umuvuduko w’ubushyuhe (SSRT). Abdel et al.5 bakoze ubushakashatsi ku mikorere ya electrochemical na stress corruption ya Cu10Ni alloy mu gisubizo cya 3.5% cya NaCl mu gihe hari ions za sulfide zitandukanye. Aghion et al.6 basuzumye imikorere ya kwangirika ya die-cast magnesium alloy MRI230D mu gisubizo cya 3.5% cya NaCl hakoreshejwe ikizamini cyo kwibiza, ikizamini cyo gusukura umunyu, isesengura rya potentiodynamic polarization na SSRT.Zhang n'abandi.7 bigaga ku imyitwarire y'ubushyuhe bw'icyuma cya martensitic cya 9Cr bakoresheje SSRT n'uburyo gakondo bwo gupima amashanyarazi, maze babona ingaruka za iyoni za chloride ku imyitwarire y'ubushyuhe bw'icyuma cya martensitic ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba. Chen n'abandi.8 bakoze ubushakashatsi ku imyitwarire y'ubushyuhe bw'icyuma cya X70 mu gisubizo cy'ibyondo byo mu nyanja kirimo SRB ku bushyuhe butandukanye na SSRT. Liu n'abandi.9 bakoresheje SSRT kugira ngo biga ingaruka z'ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko wo gukurura ku ihangana ry'ubushyuhe bw'amazi yo mu nyanja rya 00Cr21Ni14Mn5Mo2N austenitic stainless steel. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 35 ~ 65℃ nta ngaruka nini bugira ku imyitwarire y'ubushyuhe bw'icyuma cya stainless steel. Lu n'abandi. 10 yasuzumye uburyo ingero zifite imbaraga zitandukanye zo gukurura zitinze kuvunika hakoreshejwe ikizamini cya dead load fracture test na SSRT. Bivugwa ko imbaraga zo gukurura z'icyuma cya 20MnTiB na bolts zikomeye za 35VB zigomba kugenzurwa kuri 1040-1190MPa. Ariko, inyinshi muri izi nyigo zikoresha umuti woroshye wa NaCl wa 3.5% kugira ngo zigaragaze ibidukikije byangiritse, mu gihe ibidukikije bya bolts zikomeye zikoreshwa ari ingorabahizi kandi bifite ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka, nk'agaciro ka pH k'umugozi. Ananya et al. 11 yize ingaruka z'ibipimo by'ibidukikije n'ibikoresho biri mu buryo bwa fracture ku kwangirika no kwangirika kw'ibyuma bitagira stress. Sunada et al. 12 bakoze ibizamini byo gushwanyagurika kw'ubushyuhe bw'icyumba ku cyuma cya SUS304 mu bisubizo by'amazi birimo H2SO4 (0-5.5 kmol/m-3) na NaCl (0-4.5 kmol/m-3). Ingaruka za H2SO4 na NaCl ku bwoko bwa corruption bw'icyuma cya SUS304 nazo zanizweho. Merwe et al.13 bakoresheje SSRT kugira ngo biga ingaruka z'icyerekezo cyo kuzunguruka, ubushyuhe, ubwinshi bwa CO2/CO, umuvuduko wa gaze n'igihe cyo kwangirika ku buryo corruption y'icyuma cya A516 ishobora kwangirika. Bakoresheje umuti wa NS4 nk'umuti ukoresha amazi yo munsi y'ubutaka, Ibrahim et al. 14 bakoze ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka z'ibipimo by'ibidukikije nka corruption ya bicarbonate ion (HCO), pH n'ubushyuhe ku gushwanyagurika kw'icyuma cya API-X100 nyuma yo gukuraho igitambaro. Shan et al. 15 yize ku itegeko rihindagurika ry’uburyo icyuma kitagira umugese cya austenitic 00Cr18Ni10 gishobora gucikamo uduce duto tw’ubushyuhe mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe butandukanye (30 ~ 250℃) mu gihe cy’amazi y’umukara mu ruganda rwakozwe na SSRT. Han et al.16 bagaragaje uburyo hydrogen ishobora gucikamo uduce tw’ubushyuhe bwinshi hakoreshejwe ikizamini cya dead-load fracture, naho SSRT.Zhao17 yize ku ngaruka za pH, SO42-, Cl-1 ku imyitwarire ya GH4080A alloy na SSRT. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko uko pH igabanutse, ni ko GH4080A alloy irushaho kuba mbi. Ifite ubushobozi bwo gucikamo uduce duto tw’ubushyuhe bugaragara kuri Cl-1, kandi ntishobora gucikamo uduce duto tw’ubushyuhe bwa SO42 mu bushyuhe bw’icyumba. Ariko, hari ubushakashatsi buke ku ngaruka za corruption ku bidukikije kuri 20MnTiB steel-strength bolts.
Kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu zatumye imigozi ikomeye cyane ikoreshwa mu biraro inanirwa, umwanditsi yakoze ubushakashatsi butandukanye. Ingero z'imigozi ikomeye cyane zatoranijwe, kandi impamvu zatumye iyi migozi inanirwa zaganiriweho hashingiwe ku miterere y'imiti, imiterere ya mikorosikopi yavunitse, imiterere ya metallographic n'isesengura ry'imiterere ya mekanike19, 20. Hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi ku bidukikije byo mu kirere i Chongqing mu myaka yashize, hakozwe gahunda yo kwangirika isa n'ikirere cy'ubushuhe cya Chongqing. Igerageza ryo kwangirika, igerageza ryo kwangirika rya electrochemical n'igerageza ryo kwangirika rya mekanike ikomeye cyane muri Chongqing ryakozwe. Muri ubu bushakashatsi, ingaruka z'ubushyuhe, agaciro ka pH n'ubwinshi bw'umuti wo kwangirika wa mekanike ku myitwarire yo kwangirika kwa mekanike ya 20MnTiB ikomeye cyane byasuzumwe binyuze mu isuzuma ry'imiterere ya mekanike, isesengura rya macroscopic na microscopic yavunitse, n'ibicuruzwa bya kwangirika ku buso.
Chongqing iherereye mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bw'Ubushinwa, mu nkengero zo hejuru z'uruzi rwa Yangtze, kandi ifite ikirere cy'imvura ishyushye cyane mu gihe cy'imvura. Ubushyuhe bw'umwaka ni 16-18°C, ubushyuhe bw'umwaka ni 70-80%, amasaha y'izuba ku mwaka ni 1000-1400, naho igipimo cy'izuba ni 25-35% gusa.
Nk’uko raporo zivuga ku zuba n’ubushyuhe bw’ikirere muri Chongqing kuva mu 2015 kugeza mu 2018 zibivuga, ubushyuhe bw’igihe cya buri munsi muri Chongqing buri hasi cyane kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 17 no hejuru kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 23. Ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane ku kiraro cya Chaotianmen Bridge muri Chongqing bushobora kugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 50 °C21,22. Kubwibyo, ubushyuhe bwo gupima ingese bwashyizwe kuri dogere selisiyusi 25 na 50 °C.
Agaciro ka pH k'umuti wa corruption wifashishijwe mu buryo bwa "stress" ni ko kagena neza ingano ya H+, ariko ntibivuze ko uko pH iba iri hasi, ni ko koroshya corruption. Ingaruka za pH ku bisubizo zizatandukana ku bikoresho bitandukanye n'ibisubizo. Kugira ngo hamenyekane neza ingaruka z'umuti wa corruption wifashishijwe mu buryo bwa "stress corruption" ku mikorere ya "stress corruption" ya "bolts" zikomeye, agaciro ka pH k'igerageza rya stress corruption kashyizwe kuri 3.5, 5.5 na 7.5 hamwe n'ubushakashatsi ku nyandiko23 hamwe n'urugero rwa pH rw'amazi y'imvura ya buri mwaka muri Chongqing. 2010 kugeza 2018.
Uko ingano y’umuti wa corruption wifashishijwe mu buryo bwa "génétique" ingana cyane, ni ko ingano ya "ion" mu muti wa corruption wifashishijwe mu buryo bwa "génétique" ingana cyane, kandi ingaruka ku miterere y’ibikoresho ni nyinshi. Kugira ngo higwe ingaruka z’ingano y’umuti wa corruption wifashishijwe mu buryo bwa "génétique" ku "stress stress" ya "bolts" zikomeye cyane, ikizamini cyihuse cya laboratwari y’ubukorano cyakozwe, kandi ingano y’umuti wa corruption wifashishijwe mu buryo bwa "génétique" yashyizwe ku rwego rwa 4 nta "corruption", ari na yo yari ingano y’umuti wa corruption wifashishijwe mu buryo bwa "génétique" (1 ×), ingano y’umuti wa corruption wifashishijwe mu buryo bwa "20 ×" (20 ×) na ingano y’umuti wa corruption wifashishijwe mu buryo bwa "génétique" (20 ×).
Ibidukikije bifite ubushyuhe bwa 25°C, pH ya 5.5, n'ubwinshi bw'umuti wa mbere wa corruption wifashishijwe ni byo byegereye cyane imikoreshereze nyayo ya bolts zikomeye cyane ku biraro. Ariko, kugira ngo byihutishe inzira yo gupima corruption, imikoreshereze y'igerageza ifite ubushyuhe bwa 25°C, pH ya 5.5 n'ubwinshi bwa 200 × original wifashishijwe corruption wifashishijwe umwimerere byashyizweho nk'itsinda ry'igenzura. Iyo ingaruka z'ubushyuhe, ubwinshi cyangwa pH by'umuti wa corruption wifashishijwe imiterere ya corruption ku mikorere ya stress ya bolts zikomeye zasuzumwaga uko bikurikirana, hari ibindi bintu bitahindutse, byakoreshejwe nk'urwego rw'igerageza rw'itsinda ry'igenzura ryifashishijwe imiterere.
Dukurikije raporo y’ubushakashatsi ku ireme ry’ibidukikije yo mu 2010-2018 yatanzwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ireme ry’Ibidukikije n’Ibidukikije cya Chongqing, ivuga ku bice by’imvura byavuzwe muri Zhang24 n’ibindi bitabo byavuzwe muri Chongqing, hakozwe igisubizo cyakozwe hifashishijwe ingese gishingiye ku kongera ubwinshi bwa SO42. Imiterere y’imvura mu gace k’umujyi wa Chongqing mu 2017. Imiterere y’igisubizo cyakozwe hifashishijwe ingese igaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 1:
Umuti wakozwe hifashishijwe corruption utegurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuringaniza ion mu buryo bwa chemical hakoreshejwe reagents zisesengura n'amazi yaciwe. Agaciro ka pH k'umuti wakozwe hifashishijwe corruption kahinduwe hakoreshejwe meter ya pH ihamye, solution ya aside nitrique na solution ya sodium hydroxide.
Kugira ngo bigane ikirere cy’ubushuhe muri Chongqing, icyuma gipima umunyu cyahinduwe kandi gishushanyijeho umwihariko25. Nkuko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 1, ibikoresho by’igerageza bifite sisitemu ebyiri: sisitemu yo gutera umunyu n’uburyo bwo kumurika. Sisitemu yo gutera umunyu ni yo nshingano nyamukuru y’ibikoresho by’igerageza, igizwe n’igice cyo kugenzura, igice cyo gutera umunyu n’igice cyo gutera umunyu. Inshingano y’igice cyo gutera umunyu ni ukuvoma umunyu mu cyumba cyo gupimira binyuze muri kompreseri y’umwuka. Igice cyo gutera umunyu kigizwe n’ibintu bipima ubushyuhe, bihuza ubushyuhe mu cyumba cyo gupimira. Igice cyo kugenzura kigizwe na mudasobwa nto, ihuza igice cyo gutera umunyu n’igice cyo gutera umunyu kugira ngo igenzure inzira yose y’igerageza. Sisitemu yo gutera umunyu ishyirwa mu cyumba cyo gupima umunyu kugira ngo yigane urumuri rw’izuba. Sisitemu yo gutera umunyu igizwe n’amatara ya infrared n’icyuma kigenzura igihe. Muri icyo gihe, hashyirwaho icyuma gipima ubushyuhe mu cyumba cyo gupima umunyu kugira ngo gikurikirane ubushyuhe bukikije icyitegererezo mu gihe nyacyo.
Ingero z’ingufu ziterwa n’umuvuduko uhoraho zatunganyijwe hakurikijwe NACETM0177-2005 (Isuzuma rya Laboratwari ry’ingufu ziterwa na Sulfide Stress Cracking na Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Metals in H2S Environment). Ingero z’ingufu ziterwa n’umuvuduko zabanje gusukurwa hakoreshejwe acetone na ultrasonic mechanical cleaner kugira ngo zikurweho ibisigazwa by’amavuta, hanyuma zigakurwamo alcool hanyuma zikanikwa mu itanura. Hanyuma shyira ingero zisukuye mu cyumba cy’igerageza cy’igikoresho gipima umunyu kugira ngo wigane uko ibintu bimeze mu kirere cy’ubushuhe cya Chongqing. Dukurikije NACETM0177-2005 isanzwe n’isuzuma rya GB/T 10,125-2012 ry’umunyu, igihe cyo gupima umuvuduko uhoraho muri ubu bushakashatsi cyagenwe neza ko ari amasaha 168. Ibizamini bya Tensile byakozwe ku ngero z’ingufu mu buryo butandukanye bwa Tensile kuri MTS-810 universal tensile testing machine, kandi imiterere yazo n’imiterere ya Tensile byarasesenguwe.
Ishusho ya 1 igaragaza imiterere migari na mito y’ubushyuhe bw’ubuso bw’ibipimo bya corruption bya bolt stress stress specimens mu bihe bitandukanye bya corruption.2 na 3 uko bikurikirana.
Imiterere ya macroscopic y'ibipimo bya stress corruption bya bolts 20MnTiB zikomeye cyane munsi y'ahantu hatandukanye hifashishijwe corruption: (a) nta corruption; (b) inshuro 1; (c) 20 ×; (d) 200 ×; (e) pH3.5; (f) pH 7.5; (g) 50 °C.
Imiterere mito y'ibicuruzwa bya corruption bya 20MnTiB bolts zikomeye cyane mu bidukikije bitandukanye bya corruption (100×): (a) inshuro 1; (b) 20 ×; (c) 200 ×; (d) pH3.5; (e) pH7 .5; (f) 50°C.
Bigaragara ku ishusho ya 2a ko ubuso bw'ingero y'icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa "bolt" butagira ingese bugaragaza ubwiza bw'icyuma butagira ingese igaragara. Ariko, hakurikijwe uburyo bwa "corruption" bwa "gase" bwa mbere (Ishusho ya 2b), ubuso bw'ingero bwari butwikiriwe igice cy'ibikomoka ku ngese by'umukara n'umutuku wijimye, kandi hari ibice bimwe na bimwe by'ubuso byagaragaje ubwiza bw'icyuma bugaragara, bigaragaza ko hari ibice bimwe gusa by'ubuso bw'ingero byangiritse gato, kandi "corruption" ya "gase" ntacyo yagize ku buso bw'ingero. Imiterere y'ibikoresho ntacyo igeraho. Ariko, bitewe n'uko byagaragaye ko byapimwe ku gipimo cya 20 × cy'umwimerere cyakozwe mu buryo bwa corruption (Ishusho ya 2c), ubuso bw'agace k'ingero gakomeye kari gatwikiriwe n'ingano nini y'ibicuruzwa bya corruption bya shaza n'ingano nto y'ibicuruzwa bya corruption bya shaza, nta rumuri rw'icyuma rwabonetse, kandi hari ingano nto y'ibicuruzwa bya corruption bya shaza by'umukara hafi y'ubuso bw'ubutaka. Kandi bitewe n'uko byagaragaye ko byapimwe ku gipimo cya 200 × cy'umwimerere cyakozwe mu buryo bwa corruption (Ishusho ya 2d), ubuso bw'ingero butwikiriwe n'ibicuruzwa bya corruption bya shaza by'umukara, kandi hari n'ibicuruzwa bya corruption bya shaza by'umukara bigaragara mu duce tumwe na tumwe.
Uko pH yagabanutse ikagera kuri 3.5 (Ishusho ya 2e), ibicuruzwa bya corruption bifite ibara ry'umukara ni byo byari hejuru cyane ku buso bw'ibipimo, kandi bimwe mu bikoresho bya corruption byari byarakuweho.
Ishusho ya 2g igaragaza ko uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera bukagera kuri 50 °C, ingano y'ibikomoka ku ibara ry'umukara n'umutuku ku buso bw'icyitegererezo igabanuka cyane, mu gihe ibikomoka ku ibara ry'umukara n'umukara bitwikira urwego rw'icyitegererezo ahantu hanini. Urusobe rw'ibikomoka ku ibara ry'umukara rurarekuye, kandi bimwe mu bikomoka ku ibara ry'umukara n'umukara birakurwaho.
Nkuko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 3, mu bidukikije bitandukanye bya corruption, ibikoresho bya corruption biri ku buso bwa 20MnTiB bifite imbaraga nyinshi zo gushonga biragaragara ko byagabanijwe, kandi ubunini bw'urwego rwa corruption buriyongera uko ubwinshi bw'umuti wa corruption wiswe. Mu gihe cy'umuti wa corruption wiswe (Ishusho ya 3a), ibikoresho bya corruption biri ku buso bw'icyitegererezo bushobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: urwego rwo hanze rw'ibicuruzwa bya corruption rukwirakwira ku buryo bungana, ariko hagaragara imyenge myinshi; urwego rw'imbere ni itsinda ry'ibicuruzwa bya corruption ridafite ingano. Mu gihe cy'ubwinshi bw'umuti wa corruption wiswe 20 × (Ishusho ya 3b), urwego rwa corruption ruri ku buso bw'icyitegererezo rushobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu: urwego rwo hanze ahanini ni ibikoresho bya corruption bitatanye, bidafite imyenge kandi bifite imyenge, kandi bidafite imikorere myiza yo kurinda; Urwego rwo hagati ni urwego rw'ibicuruzwa bya corruption rumwe, ariko hari imyenge igaragara, kandi ions za corruption zishobora kunyura mu myenge zigasenya substrate; urwego rw'imbere ni urwego rw'ibicuruzwa byangiritse rudafite imiyoboro igaragara, rugira ingaruka nziza zo kurinda substrate. Mu gihe cy'ubwinshi bwa 200 × bwakozwe nk'umuti wa corruption (Ishusho ya 3c), urwego rw'ibicuruzwa byangiritse ruri ku buso bw'icyitegererezo rushobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu: urwego rw'inyuma ni urwego rw'ibicuruzwa byangiritse rungana; urwego rwo hagati rugizwe ahanini n'uruti rw'amababi n'urusate. Urwego rw'imbere ni urwego rw'ibicuruzwa byangiritse rudafite imiyoboro n'imyobo igaragara, rugira ingaruka nziza zo kurinda substrate.
Bigaragara ku ishusho ya 3d ko mu buryo bwakozwe bwa pH 3.5, hari umubare munini w'ibicuruzwa bya corruption cyangwa corruption bisa n'urushinge ku buso bwa 20MnTiB high-strength bolt. Bivugwa ko ibi bicuruzwa bya corruption ahanini ari γ-FeOOH n'ingano nto ya α-FeOOH ivanze26, kandi urwego rwa corruption rufite imiyoboro igaragara.
Bigaragara ku ishusho ya 3f ko igihe ubushyuhe bwazamukaga bukagera kuri 50 °C, nta gice cy’imbere cy’umugese cyagaragaye mu miterere y’igice cy’umugese, bigaragaza ko hari icyuho hagati y’igice cy’umugese kuri 50 °C, byatumye igice cy’umugese kidatwikirwa neza n’ibintu byangiritse. Bitanga uburinzi ku kwiyongera kwa moteri.
Imiterere ya mekanike y'amaboliti akomeye cyane akoreshwa mu kwangirika guhoraho mu bintu bitandukanye byakwangirika igaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 2:
Bigaragara ku mbonerahamwe ya 2 ko imiterere ya mashini ya 20MnTiB ifite imbaraga nyinshi ikomeza kuzuza ibisabwa bisanzwe nyuma y’uko ikirere cyumye cyihutishije igeragezwa rya corruption mu bice bitandukanye bya corruption, ariko hari ibyangiritse ugereranije n’ibitarangiritse. Ku rugero rw’umuti wa corruption wa mbere, imiterere ya mashini ya mashini ya sampuli ntiyahindutse cyane, ariko ku rugero rwa 20× cyangwa 200× rw’umuti wa corruption, uburebure bw’umuti bwagabanutse cyane. Imiterere ya mashini isa ku rugero rwa 20 × na 200 × rw’umuti wa corruption wa mbere. Iyo pH y’umuti wa corruption wagabanutse kugera kuri 3.5, imbaraga zo gukurura no kurekura kw’ingero zaragabanutse cyane. Iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse bukagera kuri 50°C, imbaraga zo gukurura no kurekura biragabanuka cyane, kandi igipimo cyo kugabanuka k’agace kiba cyegereye cyane agaciro gasanzwe.
Imiterere y'ivunika ry'ibipimo bya 20MnTiB bifite imbaraga nyinshi zo gushonga mu buryo bwa corruption mu bice bitandukanye bya corruption igaragara ku Ishusho ya 4, ari byo imiterere ya macro-morphology y'ivunika, agace ka fibre hagati mu ivunika, iminwa mito y'aho ihurira, n'ubuso bw'icyitegererezo.
Imiterere y'ivunika rya macroscopic na microscopic ry'ibipimo bya 20MnTiB bifite imbaraga nyinshi mu bidukikije bitandukanye bya corruption (500×): (a) nta corruption; (b) inshuro 1; (c) 20 ×; (d) 200 ×; (e) pH3.5; (f) pH7.5; (g) 50°C.
Bigaragara ku ishusho ya 4 ko kuvunika kw'ingero ya 20MnTiB ifite imbaraga nyinshi zo gushonga mu buryo bwa corruption munsi y'ahantu hatandukanye hakozwe corruption bigaragaza corruption isanzwe ya cup-cone. Ugereranyije n'ingero idakonje (Ishusho ya 4a), agace ko hagati k'agace ka fibre gafite corruption ni gato. , agace k'umunwa wa shear ni kanini. Ibi bigaragaza ko imiterere y'ibikoresho yangiritse cyane nyuma yo kwangirika. Uko ubwinshi bw'umuti wa corruption bwiyongeraga, imyobo iri mu gace ka fibre hagati mu gucikamo ibice yariyongereye, kandi hagaragaraga imiyoboro igaragara. Iyo ubwinshi bwiyongereyeho inshuro 20 z'umuti wa corruption wa mbere, imyobo igaragara ya corruption yagaragaye ku murongo uri hagati y'inkombe y'umunwa wa shear n'ubuso bw'ingero, kandi hari ibicuruzwa byinshi bya corruption ku buso.
Bivugwa ko uhereye ku Ishusho ya 3d hari imyenge igaragara mu gice cy’uruti rw’umuraba ku buso bw’icyitegererezo, ibyo bikaba bidafite ingaruka nziza ku burinzi kuri matrix. Mu gisubizo cya pH 3.5 cyakozwe mu buryo bwa corrosion (Ishusho ya 4e), ubuso bw’icyitegererezo bwangiritse cyane, kandi agace k’umuraba hagati kagaragara ko ari gato. , Hari umubare munini w’imirongo idasobanutse neza hagati mu gace ka fibre. Uko pH y’igisubizo cya corrosion yiyongera, agace k’umuraba hagati mu gace ka fibre karagabanuka, umwobo ugenda ugabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi uburebure bw’umwobo nabwo bugenda bugabanuka buhoro buhoro.
Ubwo ubushyuhe bwazamukaga bukagera kuri 50 °C (Ishusho ya 4g), agace k'umunwa w'isukari k'aho icyitegererezo cyacitse kari kanini cyane, imyobo iri mu gace k'umunyururu wo hagati yariyongereye cyane, kandi uburebure bw'icyobo nabwo bwariyongereye, kandi ihuriro riri hagati y'inkombe y'umunwa w'isukari n'ubuso bw'icyitegererezo ryiyongereye. Ibicuruzwa byangiritse n'imyobo byariyongereye, byemeza ko imiterere y'ubushyuhe bw'isukari igaragara ku Ishusho ya 3f.
Agaciro ka pH k'umuti wa corruption kazangiza imiterere ya mekanike ya 20MnTiB ifite imbaraga nyinshi, ariko ingaruka si nini. Mu muti wa corruption wa pH 3.5, umubare munini w'ibicuruzwa bya corruption cyangwa bisa n'urushinge bikwirakwizwa ku buso bw'icyitegererezo, kandi urwego rwa corruption rufite imiyoboro igaragara, idashobora kurinda substrate neza. Kandi hari imyobo igaragara ya corruption n'umubare munini w'ibicuruzwa bya corruption mu miterere mito y'ivunika ry'icyitegererezo. Ibi bigaragaza ko ubushobozi bw'icyitegererezo bwo kurwanya corruption n'imbaraga zo hanze bugabanuka cyane mu kirere gifite aside, kandi urwego rw'ingufu za stress z'ibikoresho ruriyongera cyane.
Umuti wa mbere wakozwe hifashishijwe ingese wagize ingaruka nke ku miterere ya mashini y’ibipimo by’umugozi ukomeye, ariko uko ubwinshi bw’umuti wakozwe hifashishijwe ingese bwiyongereyeho inshuro 20 z’umuti wa mbere wakozwe hifashishijwe ingese, imiterere ya mashini y’ibipimo yangiritse cyane, kandi hari ingese igaragara mu miterere ya microstructure yavunitse, imyobo, imyanya ya kabiri n’ibindi bikoresho byinshi byangijwe ingese. Iyo ubwinshi bw’umuti wakozwe hifashishijwe ingese bwongewe kuva ku nshuro 20 kugeza ku nshuro 200 z’ubwinshi bw’umuti wa mbere wakozwe hifashishijwe ingese, ingaruka z’ubwinshi bw’umuti wangijwe ingese ku miterere ya mashini y’ibikoresho zaragabanutse.
Iyo ubushyuhe bwa corruption bwakozwe kuri dogere 25°C, imbaraga z'umusaruro n'imbaraga zo gukurura bya 20MnTiB bolts zikomeye ntabwo bihinduka cyane ugereranije n'ibipimo bitarangirika. Ariko, munsi y'ubushyuhe bwa corruption bwakozwe kuri dogere 50°C, imbaraga zo gukurura no kurekura kw'ibipimo byaragabanutse cyane, igipimo cyo gushonga kw'igice cyari hafi y'agaciro gasanzwe, umunwa wo gukata fracture wari munini, kandi hari uduce duto mu gace k'imigozi yo hagati. Byiyongereye cyane, uburebure bw'icyobo buriyongera, ibicuruzwa bya corruption n'ibyobo bya corruption byiyongera. Ibi bigaragaza ko ikirere cya corruption gihuza ubushyuhe gifite ingaruka zikomeye ku miterere ya mashini ya corrupts zikomeye, zitagaragara ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba, ariko zirushaho kuba ingenzi iyo ubushyuhe bugeze kuri dogere 50°C.
Nyuma y’ikizamini cyo kwihutisha ingese mu nzu gishushanya ikirere cyo muri Chongqing, imbaraga zo gukurura, imbaraga zo gukuraho, uburebure n’ibindi bipimo bya bolts zikomeye za 20MnTiB byaragabanutse, kandi habayeho kwangirika kugaragara kw’ingufu. Kubera ko ibikoresho biri munsi y’ingufu, hazabaho ikintu gikomeye cyo kwihutisha ingese mu gace runaka. Kandi bitewe n’ingaruka zihuriweho z’ubwinshi bw’ingufu n’imyobo y’ingufu, biroroshye kwangiza pulasitiki ku bolts zikomeye, kugabanya ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ihindagurika ry’ingufu zo hanze, no kongera ubushake bwo kwangirika kw’ingufu.
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