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Icyuma cya 20MnTiB nicyo gikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho by’ingufu zikoreshwa cyane mu biraro byubaka ibyuma mu gihugu cyanjye, kandi imikorere yacyo ifite akamaro kanini mu mikorere y’ikiraro itekanye. Hashingiwe ku iperereza ry’ibidukikije by’ikirere muri Chongqing, ubu bushakashatsi bwateguye igisubizo cyangirika kigereranya ikirere cy’ubushyuhe bwa Chongqing, kandi cyakoze ibizamini byo kwangirika kw’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. kwigana ruswa yibisubizo byibanda kumyitwarire yo kwangirika kwa 20MnTiB imbaraga zikomeye za bolts zakozwe.
20MnTiB ibyuma nibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane-imbaraga za bolt zikoreshwa mubiraro byubatswe nicyuma mugihugu cyanjye, kandi imikorere yacyo ningirakamaro cyane mubikorwa byumutekano byikiraro.Li nibindi. 1 yagerageje imiterere yicyuma cya 20MnTiB gikunze gukoreshwa mu cyiciro cya 10.9-imbaraga zikomeye mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa 20 ~ 700 and, kandi yabonye umurongo uhangayitse, imbaraga zitanga imbaraga, imbaraga zingana, Modulus ya Young, no kuramba. no kwagura coefficient.Zhang n'abandi. 2, Hu n'abandi. 3, nibindi.
Bolt ifite imbaraga nyinshi kubiraro byicyuma mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mugihe kirekire ahantu h’ubushuhe.Ibintu nkubushuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, hamwe no gutembera no kwinjiza ibintu byangiza ibidukikije bishobora guteza byoroshye kwangirika kwibyuma byibyuma. Kwangirika bishobora gutera imbaraga nyinshi za bolt kwambukiranya ibice, bikaviramo no gukomera no gukomera. kumena. Kugeza ubu, hariho ubushakashatsi bwinshi ku ngaruka zo kwangirika kw ibidukikije ku mikorere yo kwangirika kw’ibikoresho.Catar et al4 yakoze iperereza ku myitwarire yo kwangirika kwa magnesium alloys hamwe nibintu bitandukanye bya aluminiyumu muri aside irike, alkaline ndetse n’ibidukikije bidafite aho bibogamiye hifashishijwe ibizamini bitinda (SSRT) .Abdel et al.5 bakoze ubushakashatsi ku mikorere ya electrochemic na stress ruswa ya Cu10Ni ion.Aghion et al.6 yasuzumye imikorere ya ruswa ya magnesium alloy MRI230D mu gipimo cya 3.5% NaCl ikoresheje ikizamini cyo kwibiza, ikizamini cyo gutera umunyu, isesengura rya potentiodynamic polarisation hamwe na SSRT. ubushyuhe.Ubwo rero et al.8 yakoze iperereza kumyitwarire yo kwangirika hamwe nuburyo bwo gutobora ibyuma bya X70 mugisubizo cyicyondo cyicyondo kirimo SRB mubushyuhe butandukanye na SSRT.Liu nabandi.9 bakoresheje SSRT kugirango bige ku ngaruka zubushyuhe hamwe n’umuvuduko ukabije w’amazi yo mu nyanja yangirika kwangirika kwa 00Cr21Ni14Mn5Mo2N a stenitike ~cyerekezo cya 35. ku myitwarire yo kwangirika kwimyitwarire yicyuma.Lu nibindi. 10 yasuzumye gutinda kuvunika kwangirika kwicyitegererezo hamwe ningero zinyuranye zingufu zingirakamaro hamwe numutwaro wapfuye watinze kwipimisha kuvunika hamwe na SSRT.Birasabwa ko imbaraga zingutu zicyuma cya 20MnTiB hamwe na 35VB ibyuma byimbaraga zikomeye zigomba kugenzurwa kuri 1040-1190MPa.Nyamara, inyinshi murubwo bushakashatsi zikoresha cyane cyane ibidukikije bikoresha imbaraga nyinshi kandi bigakoreshwa muburyo bworoshye bwo kwangiza ibidukikije. ibintu bigira ingaruka, nka pH agaciro ka bolt.Ananya nibindi. 11 yize ku ngaruka z'ibidukikije n'ibikoresho mu buryo bwangirika ku kwangirika no guhangayika kwangirika kwa duplex idafite ibyuma.Sunada n'abandi. 12 bakoze ubushakashatsi bwicyumba cyubushyuhe bwo kwangirika kwicyuma cya SUS304 mubisubizo byamazi birimo H2SO4 (0-5.5 kmol / m-3) na NaCl (0-4.5 kmol / m-3) .Ingaruka za H2SO4 na NaCl kubwoko bwa ruswa bwicyuma cya SUS304 hamwe nubushyuhe bwa CO2 igihe ku guhangayika kwangirika kwicyuma cya A516 icyuma cyumuvuduko. Ukoresheje igisubizo cya NS4 nkamazi yubutaka yigana igisubizo, Ibrahim nibindi. 14 yakoze ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka z’ibidukikije nka ion ya bicarbonate (HCO), pH nubushyuhe ku ihungabana ry’imihindagurikire y’icyuma cya API-X100 nyuma yo gukuramo igifuniko.Shan n'abandi. 15 yize amategeko atandukanye yo guhangayikishwa no kwangirika kwangirika kwangirika kwicyuma cya austenitike kitagira ibyuma 00Cr18Ni10 hamwe nubushyuhe mubihe bitandukanye byubushyuhe (30 ~ 250 ℃) bitewe nubushyuhe bwamazi yumukara mu ruganda rw’amakara-kuri-hydrogène na SSRT.Han et al.16 yaranze ingaruka za hydrogène yatewe ningaruka zipimishije zipima SSR. SO42--
Kugirango hamenyekane impamvu zananiwe gutsindwa nimbaraga zikomeye zikoreshwa mu biraro, umwanditsi yakoze ubushakashatsi butandukanye. Hatoranijwe ingero zikomeye za bolt, kandi impamvu zatumye izo ngero zananirana zaganiriweho hashingiwe ku miterere y’imiti, imiterere ya microscopique morphologie, imiterere y’ibyuma n’ubushakashatsi bw’imiterere y’imiterere ya Chongqing mu myaka yashize. byakozwe.
Chongqing iherereye mu majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba bw'Ubushinwa, hejuru y’umugezi wa Yangtze, kandi ifite ikirere cy’imvura giciriritse. Ubushyuhe buri mwaka ni 16-18 ° C, impuzandengo y’umwaka ugereranije ni 70-80%, amasaha y’izuba buri mwaka ni amasaha 1000-1400, naho izuba ni 25-35% gusa.
Raporo zerekeranye n’izuba n’ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije muri Chongqing kuva mu 2015 kugeza 2018, ubushyuhe buri munsi muri Chongqing buri munsi ya 17 ° C na dogere 23 ° C. Ubushuhe buhebuje ku kiraro c'ikiraro ca Chaotianmen Bridge muri Chongqing burashobora gushika kuri 50 ° C ° C21,22. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ubushyuhe bwo gupima ikizamini cya ruswa bwashyizwe kuri 25 ° C na 50 ° C.
Agaciro pH k'igisubizo cyigana cyigana kigena mu buryo butaziguye ingano ya H +, ariko ntibisobanuye ko uko agaciro ka pH kagabanutse, koroshya byoroshye bibaho.Ingaruka za pH kubisubizo zizatandukana kubikoresho bitandukanye nibisubizo.Kugira ngo wige neza ingaruka zumuti wigisubizo cyangirika kumikorere yibikorwa bya ruswa hamwe nubushakashatsi bwakozwe na pH 5. amazi y'imvura muri Chongqing 2010 kugeza 2018.
Uko urwego rwo hejuru rwibisubizo byigana ruswa, niko ibyinshi bya ion mubisubizo byigana ruswa, kandi niko bigira ingaruka kumitungo yibintu.Kugira ngo bige ku ngaruka ziterwa no kwangirika kwangirika kwangirika kwangirika kwingutu zikomeye, laboratoire yibihimbano yihutishije ikigereranyo cya ruswa, washyizwe kumurongo wa mbere utabanje kwangirika. Kwibanda kumashanyarazi (20 ×) na 200 × umwimerere wigana ruswa yibisubizo (200 ×).
Ibidukikije bifite ubushyuhe bwa 25 ℃, pH agaciro ka 5.5, hamwe nubushuhe bwumuti wambere wigana ruswa niwo wegereye uburyo nyabwo bwo gukoresha imiterere ya bolts ifite imbaraga nyinshi kubiraro.Nyamara, kugirango byihutishe inzira yikizamini cya ruswa, ibihe byubushakashatsi hamwe nubushyuhe bwa 25 ° C, pH yibintu byagereranijwe hamwe nubushuhe bwikigereranyo cya pH. Ikibazo cyo kwangirika kumikorere ya ruswa yibikorwa byimbaraga zikomeye zarakozweho ubushakashatsi, ibindi bintu ntibyigeze bihinduka, byakoreshejwe nkurwego rwubushakashatsi bwitsinda rishinzwe kugenzura.
Dukurikije raporo y’ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije mu mwaka wa 2010-2018 yatanzwe n’ikigo cy’umujyi wa Chongqing cy’ibidukikije n’ibidukikije, ikanerekeza ku bice by’imvura byavuzwe muri Zhang24 hamwe n’ibindi bitabo byavuzwe muri Chongqing, hateguwe igisubizo cy’ikigereranyo cya ruswa gishingiye ku kongera ubukana bwa SO42- cyateguwe.
Umuti wigana ruswa wateguwe nuburyo bwo kuringaniza imiti ya ion ukoresheje reagent zisesenguye hamwe namazi yatoboye. Agaciro pH k'umuti wigana ruswa wahinduwe hamwe na metero ya pH neza, igisubizo cya acide nitricike hamwe na hydroxide ya sodium.
Mu rwego rwo kwigana ikirere cy’ubushyuhe muri Chongqing, ibizamini byo gutera umunyu byahinduwe mu buryo bwihariye kandi birategurwa25.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 1, ibikoresho by’igeragezwa bifite sisitemu ebyiri: sisitemu yo gutera umunyu hamwe na sisitemu yo kumurika. Sisitemu yo gutera umunyu ni umurimo wingenzi wibikoresho byubushakashatsi, bigizwe nigice cyo kugenzura, igice cya spray hamwe nu gice cyo kwinjiza ibice byinjira mu cyumba cyo guteramo ibice. ibintu, byumva ubushyuhe mucyumba cyibizamini. Igice cyo kugenzura kigizwe na microcomputer, ihuza igice cya spray nigice cyo kwinjiza kugirango igenzure inzira zose zigeragezwa. Sisitemu yo kumurika yashyizwe mucyumba cyipimisha umunyu kugirango igereranye urumuri rwizuba.
Ingero zo kwangirika kwa Stress munsi yumutwaro uhoraho zatunganijwe hakurikijwe NACETM0177-2005 (Kwipimisha muri Laboratwari ya Sulfide Stress Cracking na Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Metals in H2S) Imiterere ya ruswa mu kirere cy’ikirere cya Chongqing. Dukurikije ibipimo bisanzwe bya NACETM0177-2005 hamwe n’ikizamini cyo gupima umunyu GB / T 10,125-2012, igihe cyo gupima imizigo ihoraho muri ubu bushakashatsi cyemejwe ko ari 168 h.
Igishushanyo 1 kirerekana macro- na micro-morphologie yo kwangirika kwubutaka bwimbaraga nyinshi za bolt guhangayikishwa no kwangirika mubihe bitandukanye byangirika.2 na 3.
Imiterere ya Macroscopique ya stress yo kwangirika ingero za 20MnTiB zifite imbaraga nyinshi mumashanyarazi atandukanye yibidukikije: (a) nta ruswa; (b) inshuro 1; (c) 20 ×; (d) 200 ×; (e) pH3.5; (f) pH 7.5; (g) 50 ° C.
Micromorphologie yibicuruzwa byangirika bya 20MnTiB ifite imbaraga nyinshi mumashanyarazi atandukanye yibidukikije (100 ×): (a) inshuro 1; (b) 20 ×; (c) 200 ×; (d) pH3.5; (e) pH7 .5; (f) 50 ° C.
Birashobora kugaragara ku gishushanyo cya 2a ko ubuso bwikigereranyo cya bolt ntigishobora kwangirika cyerekana urumuri rwiza rutagira ruswa igaragara.Nyamara, ukurikije imiterere yumuti wambere wigana ruswa (Igicapo 2b), ubuso bwikitegererezo bwari butwikiriwe igice cyumucyo kandi cyijimye cyumutuku, kandi uduce tumwe na tumwe twubuso twerekanaga ko hari icyuma cyoroshye cyane, cyerekana uduce tumwe na tumwe twinshi twerekana ko hari icyuma cyoroshye cyane, cyerekana uduce tumwe na tumwe twinshi twerekana ko hari icyuma cyoroshye. igisubizo cya ruswa nticyagize ingaruka hejuru yicyitegererezo. Ibintu bifatika nta ngaruka nini bifite.Nyamara, ukurikije imiterere ya 20 × yumwimerere wigana ruswa yibisubizo (Igicapo 2c), ubuso bwikigereranyo cyingufu nyinshi za bolt zipfundikijwe rwose nibicuruzwa byinshi byangirika hamwe nigitigiri gito cya ruswa-umutuku.umusaruro, nta cyuma kigaragara cyumusemburo wumusemburo wa 200. igisubizo cyibisubizo (Igishusho 2d), hejuru yicyitegererezo gitwikiriwe rwose nibicuruzwa byangirika, kandi ibicuruzwa byangirika-umukara bigaragara mubice bimwe.
Nkuko pH yagabanutse kugera kuri 3,5 (Igishusho 2e), ibicuruzwa byangirika byamabara yibara ryinshi nibyo hejuru yicyitegererezo, kandi bimwe mubicuruzwa byangirika byari byarashizwemo.
Igishushanyo cya 2g cyerekana ko uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera kugera kuri 50 ° C, ibirimo ibicuruzwa byangirika byijimye-umutuku hejuru yicyitegererezo bigabanuka cyane, mugihe ibicuruzwa byangirika byijimye bitwikiriye hejuru yicyitegererezo ahantu hanini.Ibicuruzwa byangirika birasa neza, kandi ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byirabura birabura.
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3, ahantu hatandukanye kwangirika, ibicuruzwa byangirika hejuru yubuso bwa 20MnTiB imbaraga zikomeye za bolt guhangayikishwa no kwangirika biragaragara ko byangiritse, kandi ubunini bwurwego rwangirika bwiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwikwirakwizwa ryumuti wigana ruswa.Mu miterere yikibanza cya ruswa gishobora kugabanywa kubutaka bwa ruswa rushobora kugabanywa kubutaka bwa ruswa. ibicuruzwa bigabanijwe neza, ariko umubare munini wibice bigaragara; igice cyimbere ni cluster irekuye yibicuruzwa byangirika.Mu miterere ya 20 × umwimerere wigana wibisubizo byiganjemo ruswa (Igishusho 3b), igorofa yangirika hejuru yicyitegererezo irashobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu: igorofa yo hanze ikwirakwizwa cyane nibicuruzwa byangirika, bidafunguye kandi byoroshye, kandi bidafite imikorere myiza yo kurinda; Igice cyo hagati ni igicuruzwa kimwe cyangirika, ariko hariho ibice bigaragara, kandi ion zangirika zirashobora kunyura mumacenga hanyuma zikangiza substrate; igice cyimbere ni igicuruzwa cyangirika cyibicuruzwa bitavunitse bigaragara, bifite ingaruka nziza zo kurinda kuri substrate.Mu miterere ya 200 × umwimerere wigana ruswa wibisubizo byibisubizo (Igishusho 3c), igorofa ryangirika hejuru yicyitegererezo rishobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu: igorofa yo hanze ni igicuruzwa cyoroshye kandi kimwe; igice cyo hagati kigizwe ahanini namababi yamababi kandi ameze nka flake Igorofa yimbere ni igicuruzwa cyangirika cyinshi kitagira ibice bigaragara nu mwobo, bigira ingaruka nziza zo kurinda substrate.
Birashobora kugaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3d ko mubidukikije bigereranywa na pH 3.5, hari umubare munini wibicuruzwa bya flocculent cyangwa urushinge rusa na ruswa hejuru ya 20MnTiB ifite imbaraga zikomeye za bolt.Biravugwa ko ibyo bicuruzwa byangirika ahanini γ-FeOOH kandi umubare muto wa α-FeOOH uhujwe na26.
Birashobora kugaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3f ko iyo ubushyuhe bwiyongereye kugera kuri 50 ° C, nta cyuma kigaragara cy’imbere cy’imbere cyabonetse mu miterere ya ruswa, byerekana ko hari icyuho kiri hagati y’ibice byangirika kuri 50 ° C, bigatuma substrate idapfukiranwa n’ibicuruzwa byangirika. Itanga uburinzi bwiyongera kuri substrate yangirika.
Imiterere yubukorikori bwimbaraga zikomeye munsi yumutwaro uhoraho wangirika mubidukikije bitandukanye byangirika bigaragara mumbonerahamwe 2:
Birashobora kugaragara kuva ku mbonerahamwe ya 2 ko imiterere yubukanishi bwa 20MnTiB yingufu zikomeye za bolt zigikomeza kuzuza ibisabwa bisanzwe nyuma yumuzingo wumye-wihuta wihutishije ikizamini cya ruswa ahantu hatandukanye hashobora kwangirika, ariko harikintu cyangiritse ugereranije nicyangiritse. yagabanutse ku buryo bugaragara. Imiterere yubukanishi irasa nubushuhe bwa 20 × na 200 × umwimerere wigana ruswa ya ruswa. Iyo agaciro ka pH k'umuti wigana ruswa wagabanutse kugera kuri 3.5, imbaraga za tensile hamwe no kurambura ingero byagabanutse cyane.Iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse bugera kuri 50 ° C, imbaraga zuburakari no kuramba bigabanuka cyane, kandi igipimo cyo kugabanuka kikaba kiri hafi yikigero gisanzwe.
Imiterere ya morphologie ya 20MnTiB ifite imbaraga nyinshi za bolt guhangayikishwa no kwangirika kwerekanwa ahantu hatandukanye kwangirika irerekanwa mumashusho ya 4, arizo macro-morphologie yo kuvunika, agace ka fibre hagati yakavunitse, iminwa ya micro-morfologiya yimyenda yimyenda, hamwe nubuso bwikitegererezo.
Imiterere ya macroscopique na microscopique ivunika ya 20MnTiB ingero zikomeye za bolt ingero zitandukanye zigereranywa na ruswa (500 ×): (a) nta ruswa; (b) inshuro 1; (c) 20 ×; (d) 200 ×; (e) pH3.5; (f) pH7.5; (g) 50 ° C.
Birashobora kugaragara ku gishushanyo cya 4 ko kuvunika kwa 20MnTiB imbaraga zikomeye za bolt guhangayikishwa no kwangirika kwerekanwa ahantu hatandukanye bigereranywa na ruswa yerekana kuvunika igikombe-cone. Ugereranije nicyitegererezo kitarangiritse (Igishusho 4a), igice cyo hagati cya fibre ya fibre ni gito. , agace k'iminwa nini ni nini.Ibi byerekana ko imiterere yubukanishi bwibintu byangiritse cyane nyuma yo kwangirika. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwicyitegererezo cyumuti wiganjemo ruswa, ibyobo byo mumwanya wa fibre rwagati rwagati byiyongereye, kandi amarira agaragara yagaragaye. hejuru.urugero.
Byemejwe kuva ku gishushanyo cya 3d ko hari ibice bigaragara mubice byangirika hejuru yicyitegererezo, bidafite ingaruka nziza zo gukingira kuri matrix. Mubisubizo byigana bya ruswa ya pH 3.5 (Igicapo 4e), hejuru yicyitegererezo cyangiritse cyane, kandi agace ka fibre rwagati ni nto. , Hariho umubare munini wamarira adasanzwe adasanzwe hagati yakarere ka fibre.Nukwiyongera kwagaciro ka pH kumuti wigana ruswa, agace k'amarira mukarere ka fibre hagati yakavunitse kagabanuka, umwobo uragabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi ubujyakuzimu bwawo bugabanuka buhoro buhoro.
Iyo ubushyuhe bwiyongereye kugera kuri 50 ° C (Igicapo 4g), agace k'iminwa kogosha kavunitse k'icyitegererezo nicyo kinini, ibyobo byo mu gace ka fibre rwagati byiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara, kandi ubujyakuzimu bwa rwobo nabwo bwariyongereye, kandi intera iri hagati y’uruhande rw'iminwa y'icyatsi n'ubuso bw'icyitegererezo yariyongereye. Ibicuruzwa byangirika hamwe n’ibyobo byiyongereye, ibyo bikaba byemeza ko kwiyongera kwangirika kwangirika kugaragara kugaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3f.
Agaciro pH k'umuti wa ruswa uzatera kwangirika kumiterere ya mashini ya 20MnTiB ifite imbaraga nyinshi, ariko ingaruka ntizihambaye.Mu gisubizo cya ruswa ya pH 3.5, umubare munini wibicuruzwa byangiza cyangwa urushinge rusa na ruswa bigabanywa hejuru yicyitegererezo, kandi igorofa ryangirika rifite ibice bigaragara byangirika. microscopique morphologie yo kuvunika kwicyitegererezo.Ibi byerekana ko ubushobozi bwikitegererezo bwo kurwanya ihindagurika ryimbaraga ziva hanze bugabanuka cyane mubidukikije bya acide, kandi urugero rwo kwangirika kwangirika kwibintu byiyongereye cyane.
Igisubizo cyumwimerere cyigana ruswa nticyagize ingaruka nke kumiterere yubukanishi bwimbaraga zikomeye za bolt, ariko mugihe ubwinshi bwumuti wigana ruswa wiyongereye bwikubye inshuro 20 ugereranije nigisubizo cyambere cyigana ruswa, imiterere yubukorikori bwangiritse yangiritse cyane, kandi habaye ruswa igaragara muri microstructure yamenetse. ibyobo, ibice bya kabiri hamwe nibicuruzwa byinshi byangirika.Iyo kwibumbira hamwe byiganjemo kwangirika kwangirika byikubye inshuro 20 bikubye inshuro 200 byumwimerere wibisubizo byiganjemo ruswa, ingaruka zokwibanda kumitungo yibikoresho byaragabanutse.
Iyo ubushyuhe bwikigereranyo bwikigereranyo ari 25 ℃, imbaraga zumusaruro nimbaraga zingana za 20MnTiB zifite imbaraga nyinshi za bolt ntizihinduka cyane ugereranije nibigereranyo bitarangiritse.Nyamara, munsi yubushyuhe bwibidukikije bwangirika bwa dogere 50 ° C, imbaraga za tensile hamwe no kurambura kwicyitegererezo byagabanutse cyane, umunwa wo hagati wagabanutse cyane. agace. Kwiyongera ku buryo bugaragara, ubujyakuzimu bwiyongereye, ibicuruzwa byangirika hamwe n’ibyobo byangirika byiyongereye.Ibi byerekana ko ubushyuhe bw’imiterere y’ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka zikomeye ku miterere y’ubukanishi bw’imisemburo ikomeye, itagaragara ku bushyuhe bw’icyumba, ariko cyane cyane iyo ubushyuhe bugeze kuri 50 ° C.
Nyuma yikizamini cyihuta cyo mu nzu cyigana ibidukikije byo mu kirere muri Chongqing, imbaraga zingana, imbaraga zumusaruro, kuramba hamwe nibindi bipimo bya 20MnTiB imbaraga zikomeye zagabanutse, kandi ibyangiritse bigaragara ko byabayeho.Kubera ko ibikoresho biri mukibazo, hazabaho imbaraga zikomeye zo kwangirika kwangirika hamwe no kwangirika kwinshi kwangirika kwangirika no kwangirika kwinshi. kurwanya ihindagurika ryimbaraga zo hanze, no kongera impengamiro yo kwangirika.
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