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ʻO ke kila 20MnTiB ka mea hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā alahaka hana kila ma koʻu ʻāina, a he mea nui loa kāna hana no ka hana palekana o nā alahaka. Ma muli o ka noiʻi ʻana i ke kaiapuni lewa ma Chongqing, ua hoʻolālā kēia haʻawina i kahi hopena pala e hoʻohālike ana i ke aniau haʻahaʻa o Chongqing, a ua hana i nā hoʻāʻo pala koʻikoʻi o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe e hoʻohālike ana i ke aniau haʻahaʻa o Chongqing. Ua aʻo ʻia nā hopena o ka mahana, ka waiwai pH a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka hopena pala ma ke ʻano pala koʻikoʻi o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB.
ʻO ke kila 20MnTiB ka mea hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā alahaka kūkulu kila ma koʻu ʻāina, a he mea nui loa kāna hana no ka hana palekana o nā alahaka. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Li et al. 1 i nā waiwai o ke kila 20MnTiB i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe 10.9 ma ka pae wela kiʻekiʻe o 20 ~ 700 ℃, a ua loaʻa ka piʻo stress-strain, ka ikaika hua, ka ikaika tensile, ka modulus a Young, a me ka elongation. a me ka coefficient hoʻonui. Zhang et al. 2, Hu et al. 3, etc., ma o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka haku mele kemika, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka waiwai mechanical, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka microstructure, ka nānā ʻana o ka macroscopic a me ka microscopic o ka ʻili o ke kaula, a hōʻike nā hopena ʻo ke kumu nui o ka haki ʻana o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i nā hemahema kaula, a me ka hanana ʻana o nā hemahema kaula. ʻO nā nui o ke kaumaha, nā nui o ke kaumaha o ka piko haki a me nā kūlana corrosion open-air e alakaʻi ai i ka haki ʻana o ka corrosion stress.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā ʻūlū ikaika kiʻekiʻe no nā alahaka kila no ka manawa lōʻihi i kahi kaiapuni humid. ʻO nā mea e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka haʻahaʻa, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, a me ka sedimentation a me ka omo ʻana o nā mea ʻino i ke kaiapuni hiki ke hoʻoulu maʻalahi i ka pala o nā hale kila. Hiki i ka pala ke hana i ka pohō ʻāpana bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe, e hopena ana i nā hemahema a me nā māwae he nui. A e hoʻomau kēia mau hemahema a me nā māwae i ka hoʻonui ʻana, no laila e hōʻemi ana i ke ola o nā ʻūlū ikaika kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka haki ʻana. I kēia manawa, nui nā haʻawina e pili ana i ka hopena o ka palaho kaiapuni i ka hana palaho koʻikoʻi o nā mea. Ua noiʻi ʻo Catar et al4 i ke ʻano palaho koʻikoʻi o nā alloys magnesium me nā ʻano alumini like ʻole i nā wahi acidic, alkaline a me neutral e ka hoʻāʻo lohi lohi (SSRT). Ua aʻo ʻo Abdel et al.5 i ke ʻano palaho electrochemical a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka palaho o Cu10Ni i loko o ka hopena 3.5% NaCl i ke alo o nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ion sulfide. Ua loiloi ʻo Aghion et al.6 i ka hana palaho o ka alloy magnesium die-cast MRI230D i loko o ka hopena 3.5% NaCl e ka hoʻāʻo immersion, ka hoʻāʻo pīpī paʻakai, ka loiloi polarization potentiodynamic a me SSRT.Zhang Ua aʻo ʻo et al.7 i ke ʻano palaho koʻikoʻi o ke kila martensitic 9Cr me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka SSRT a me nā ʻano hana hoʻāʻo electrochemical kuʻuna, a loaʻa ka hopena o nā ion chloride ma ke ʻano palaho static o ke kila martensitic ma ka mahana o ka lumi. Ua noiʻi ʻo Chen et al.8 i ke ʻano palaho koʻikoʻi a me ke ʻano haki o ke kila X70 i loko o ka hoʻonā lepo kai hoʻohālike i loaʻa iā SRB ma nā mahana like ʻole e SSRT. Ua hoʻohana ʻo Liu et al.9 iā SSRT e aʻo i ka hopena o ka mahana a me ka helu o ke koʻikoʻi tensile ma ke kūpaʻa palaho koʻikoʻi o ka wai kai o ke kila kila austenitic 00Cr21Ni14Mn5Mo2N. Hōʻike nā hopena ʻaʻohe hopena koʻikoʻi o ka mahana ma ka pae o 35 ~ 65 ℃ i ke ʻano palaho koʻikoʻi o ke kila kila. Lu et al. Ua loiloi ʻo 10 i ka hiki ke haki lohi o nā laʻana me nā māka ikaika tensile like ʻole e kahi hoʻāʻo haki lohi make a me SSRT. Ua manaʻo ʻia e kāohi ʻia ka ikaika tensile o ke kila 20MnTiB a me nā bolts ikaika kila 35VB ma 1040-1190MPa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau haʻawina e hoʻohana maʻalahi i kahi hopena 3.5% NaCl e hoʻohālike i ke kaiapuni corrosive, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kaiapuni hoʻohana maoli o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe a he nui nā mea hoʻohuli, e like me ka waiwai pH o ka bolt. Ua aʻo ʻo Ananya et al. 11 i ka hopena o nā ʻāpana kaiapuni a me nā mea i loko o ka medium corrosive ma ka corrosion a me ka stress corrosion cracking o nā kila kila duplex. ʻO Sunada et al. Ua hana ʻia he 12 mau hoʻāʻo haki ʻana o ka palaho koʻikoʻi o ka lumi ma ke kila SUS304 i loko o nā hopena wai e loaʻa ana iā H2SO4 (0-5.5 kmol/m-3) a me NaCl (0-4.5 kmol/m-3). Ua aʻo ʻia hoʻi nā hopena o H2SO4 a me NaCl ma nā ʻano palaho o ke kila SUS304. Ua hoʻohana ʻo Merwe et al.13 iā SSRT e aʻo i nā hopena o ke kuhikuhi ʻōwili, ka mahana, ka nui o CO2/CO, ke kaomi kinoea a me ka manawa palaho ma ka hiki ke palaho koʻikoʻi o ke kila ipu kaomi A516. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hopena NS4 ma ke ʻano he hopena hoʻohālike wai honua, ua noiʻi ʻo Ibrahim et al. 14 i ka hopena o nā ʻano kaiapuni e like me ka nui o ka bicarbonate ion (HCO), pH a me ka mahana ma ka haki ʻana o ka palaho koʻikoʻi o ke kila pipeline API-X100 ma hope o ka ʻili ʻana i ka uhi. ʻO Shan et al. Ua aʻo ʻo 15 i ke kānāwai ʻokoʻa o ka nāwaliwali o ka corrosion stress o ke kila kila austenitic 00Cr18Ni10 me ka mahana ma lalo o nā kūlana mahana like ʻole (30 ~ 250 ℃) ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka wai ʻeleʻele ma ka simulated coal-to-hydrogen plant e SSRT. Ua wehewehe ʻo Han et al.16 i ka nāwaliwali o ka hydrogen embrittlement o nā laʻana bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hoʻāʻo haki dead-load a me SSRT. Ua aʻo ʻo Zhao17 i nā hopena o ka pH, SO42-, Cl-1 ma ke ʻano corrosion stress o ka GH4080A alloy e SSRT. Hōʻike nā hopena ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka waiwai pH, ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ke kūpaʻa corrosion stress o ka GH4080A alloy. Loaʻa iā ia ka ʻike maopopo o ka corrosion stress i Cl-1, a ʻaʻole ia e pili i ka SO42-ionic medium ma ka mahana o ka lumi. Eia nō naʻe, he kakaikahi nā haʻawina e pili ana i ka hopena o ka corrosion kaiapuni ma nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe kila 20MnTiB.
I mea e ʻike ai i nā kumu no ka hāʻule ʻana o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i nā alahaka, ua hana ka mea kākau i kahi moʻo o nā haʻawina. Ua koho ʻia nā laʻana bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe, a ua kūkākūkā ʻia nā kumu no ka hāʻule ʻana o kēia mau laʻana mai nā manaʻo o ka haku mele kemika, ke ʻano microscopic fracture, ke ʻano metallographic a me ka nānā ʻana i nā waiwai mechanical19, 20. Ma muli o ka noiʻi ʻana i ke kaiapuni lewa ma Chongqing i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻolālā ʻia kahi papahana corrosion e hoʻohālike ana i ke aniau humid o Chongqing. Ua hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua corrosion stress, nā hoʻokolohua corrosion electrochemical a me nā hoʻokolohua luhi corrosion o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe ma Chongqing simulated humid climate. Ma kēia haʻawina, ua noiʻi ʻia nā hopena o ka mahana, ka waiwai pH a me ka noʻonoʻo o ka hoʻonā corrosion simulated ma ke ʻano corrosion stress o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB ma o nā hoʻokolohua waiwai mechanical, ka nānā ʻana o ka macroscopic fracture a me ka microscopic, a me nā huahana corrosion surface.
Aia ʻo Chongqing ma ke komohana hema o Kina, ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe o ka muliwai ʻo Yangtze, a he aniau monsoon subtropical haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka awelika o ka mahana makahiki he 16-18°C, ʻo ka awelika o ka haʻahaʻa pili makahiki he 70-80%, ʻo nā hola lā makahiki he 1000-1400 hola, a ʻo ka pakeneka o ka lā he 25-35% wale nō.
Wahi a nā hōʻike e pili ana i ka lā a me ka mahana o ke kaiapuni ma Chongqing mai 2015 a 2018, ʻo ka awelika o ka mahana o kēlā me kēia lā ma Chongqing he haʻahaʻa ia he 17°C a he kiʻekiʻe hoʻi he 23°C. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe loa o ka mahana ma ke kino o ke alahaka o Chaotianmen Bridge ma Chongqing hiki ke piʻi i 50°C °C21,22. No laila, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā pae mahana no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka palaho ma 25°C a me 50°C.
ʻO ka waiwai pH o ka hoʻonā palaho hoʻohālike e hoʻoholo pololei i ka nui o H+, akā ʻaʻole ia manaʻo ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka waiwai pH, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka palaho. E ʻokoʻa ka hopena o ka pH ma nā hopena no nā mea like ʻole a me nā hoʻonā. I mea e aʻo maikaʻi ai i ka hopena o ka hoʻonā palaho hoʻohālike ma ka hana palaho koʻikoʻi o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā waiwai pH o nā hoʻokolohua palaho koʻikoʻi i 3.5, 5.5 a me 7.5 i hui pū ʻia me ka noiʻi palapala23 a me ka pae pH o ka wai ua makahiki ma Chongqing.2010 a 2018.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka hopena corrosion simulated, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻike ion i loko o ka hopena corrosion simulated, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana ma nā waiwai o nā mea. I mea e aʻo ai i ka hopena o ka hoʻohuihui ʻana o ka hopena corrosion simulated ma ka corrosion stress o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻāʻo corrosion wikiwiki ʻana o ka hale hana hana, a ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka nui o ka hopena corrosion simulated i ka pae 4 me ka ʻole o ka corrosion, ʻo ia ka nui o ka hopena corrosion simulated mua (1 ×), 20 × ka nui o ka hopena corrosion simulated mua (20 ×) a me 200 × ka nui o ka hopena corrosion simulated mua (200 ×).
ʻO ke kaiapuni me ka mahana o 25 ℃, ka waiwai pH o 5.5, a me ka nui o ka hopena corrosion simulated mua ka mea kokoke loa i nā kūlana hoʻohana maoli o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe no nā alahaka. Eia nō naʻe, i mea e wikiwiki ai ke kaʻina hana hoʻāʻo corrosion, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kūlana hoʻokolohua me ka mahana o 25 °C, ka pH o 5.5 a me ka nui o 200 × ka hopena corrosion simulated mua ma ke ʻano he hui hoʻomalu kuhikuhi. I ka wā i noiʻi ʻia ai nā hopena o ka mahana, ka nui a i ʻole ka waiwai pH o ka hopena corrosion simulated ma ka hana corrosion stress o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ua noho mau nā mea ʻē aʻe i loli, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he pae hoʻokolohua o ka hui hoʻomalu kuhikuhi.
Wahi a ka hōʻike pōkole no ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni lewa 2010-2018 i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, a e pili ana i nā ʻāpana ua i hōʻike ʻia ma Zhang24 a me nā palapala ʻē aʻe i hōʻike ʻia ma Chongqing, ua hoʻolālā ʻia kahi hopena palaho hoʻohālike e pili ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o SO42-. ʻO ke ʻano o ka ua ma ke kūlanakauhale nui o Chongqing i ka makahiki 2017. Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka hopena palaho hoʻohālike ma ka Papa 1:
Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka hopena palaho hoʻohālike e ke ʻano kaulike ion concentration kemika me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā reagents analytical a me ka wai distilled. Ua hoʻoponopono ʻia ka waiwai pH o ka hopena palaho hoʻohālike me ka mika pH kikoʻī, ka hopena waikawa nitric a me ka hopena sodium hydroxide.
I mea e hoʻohālike ai i ke aniau haʻahaʻa ma Chongqing, ua hoʻololi kūikawā ʻia a hoʻolālā ʻia ka mea hoʻāʻo pīpī paʻakai25. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 1, ʻelua ʻōnaehana o nā lako hoʻokolohua: kahi ʻōnaehana pīpī paʻakai a me kahi ʻōnaehana kukui. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pīpī paʻakai ka hana nui o nā lako hoʻokolohua, nona kahi ʻāpana hoʻomalu, kahi ʻāpana pīpī a me kahi ʻāpana hoʻokomo. ʻO ka hana o ka ʻāpana pīpī, ʻo ia ke kaomi i ka noe paʻakai i loko o ke keʻena hoʻāʻo ma o ka mea hoʻopili ea. Hana ʻia ka ʻāpana hoʻokomo me nā mea ana wela, e ʻike ana i ka mahana i loko o ke keʻena hoʻāʻo. Hana ʻia ka ʻāpana hoʻomalu me kahi microcomputer, e hoʻopili ana i ka ʻāpana pīpī a me ka ʻāpana hoʻokomo e kāohi i ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻōnaehana kukui i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻāʻo pīpī paʻakai e hoʻohālike i ka lā. Aia ka ʻōnaehana kukui i nā kukui infrared a me kahi mea hoʻokele manawa. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi sensor mahana i loko o ke keʻena hoʻāʻo pīpī paʻakai e nānā i ka mahana a puni ka laʻana i ka manawa maoli.
Ua hana ʻia nā laʻana corrosion stress ma lalo o ke kaumaha mau e like me NACETM0177-2005 (Testing Laboratory of Sulfide Stress Cracking and Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Metals in a H2S Environment). Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe mua ʻia nā laʻana corrosion stress me ka acetone a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe mechanical ultrasonic e wehe i nā koena aila, a laila hoʻomaloʻo ʻia me ka waiʻona a hoʻomaloʻo ʻia i loko o ka umu. A laila e hoʻokomo i nā laʻana maʻemaʻe i loko o ke keʻena hoʻāʻo o ka mea hoʻāʻo pīpī paʻakai e hoʻohālike i ke kūlana corrosion i ke kaiapuni haumū o Chongqing. Wahi a ke kūlana NACETM0177-2005 a me ke kūlana hoʻāʻo pīpī paʻakai GB/T 10,125-2012, ua hoʻoholo like ʻia ka manawa hoʻāʻo corrosion stress ukana mau i kēia haʻawina he 168 h. Ua hana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo tensile ma nā laʻana corrosion ma lalo o nā kūlana corrosion like ʻole ma ka mīkini hoʻāʻo tensile universal MTS-810, a ua kālailai ʻia ko lākou mau waiwai mechanical a me ke ʻano corrosion fracture.
Hōʻike ka Kiʻi 1 i ka macro- a me ka micro-morphology o ka pala o ka ʻili o nā hāpana pala o ke koʻikoʻi bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o nā kūlana pala like ʻole.2 a me 3.
ʻO ke ʻano macroscopic o nā hāpana palaho koʻikoʻi o nā wili ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB ma lalo o nā ʻano kaiapuni palaho like ʻole: (a) ʻaʻohe palaho; (b) 1 manawa; (c) 20 ×; (d) 200 ×; (e) pH 3.5; (f) pH 7.5; (g) 50°C.
ʻO ke ʻano liʻiliʻi o nā huahana pala o nā ʻōwili ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB ma nā ʻano kaiapuni pala like ʻole (100×): (a) 1 manawa; (b) 20 ×; (c) 200 ×; (d) pH3.5; (e) pH7 .5; (f) 50°C.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ke Kiʻi 2a ua hōʻike ka ʻili o ka hāpana bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe i ʻole i pala i ka luster metala ʻālohilohi me ka ʻole o ka pala. Eia nō naʻe, ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka hopena pala i hoʻohālikelike mua ʻia (Kiʻi 2b), ua uhi hapa ʻia ka ʻili o ka hāpana me nā huahana pala ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula, a ua hōʻike mau kekahi mau wahi o ka ʻili i ka luster metala maopopo, e hōʻike ana he mau wahi wale nō o ka ʻili o ka hāpana i pala iki ʻia, a ʻaʻohe hopena o ka hopena pala i hoʻohālikelike ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka hāpana. ʻAʻole nui ka hopena o nā waiwai o nā mea. Eia nō naʻe, ma lalo o ke kūlana o 20 × simulated corrosion solution concentration (Fig. 2c), ua uhi piha ʻia ka ʻili o ka specimen bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe e ka nui o nā huahana corrosion tan a me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka brown-red corrosion. ʻAʻole i loaʻa kahi luster metala maopopo, a he liʻiliʻi o ka brown-black corrosion product kokoke i ka ʻili o ka substrate. A ma lalo o ke kūlana o 200 × simulated corrosion solution concentration (Fig. 2d), ua uhi piha ʻia ka ʻili o ka laʻana e nā huahana corrosion brown, a ʻike ʻia nā huahana corrosion brown-black ma kekahi mau wahi.
I ka emi ʻana o ka pH i 3.5 (Kiʻi 2e), ʻo nā huahana pala ʻeleʻele ka mea nui loa ma ka ʻili o nā laʻana, a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kekahi o nā huahana pala.
Hōʻike ka Kiʻi 2g i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana i 50 °C, e emi nui ana ka nui o nā huahana pala ʻulaʻula-ʻeleʻele ma luna o ka ʻili o ka laʻana, ʻoiai e uhi ana nā huahana pala ʻulaʻula ʻālohilohi i ka ʻili o ka laʻana ma kahi ākea. He palupalu iki ka papa huahana pala, a ua ʻili ʻia kekahi mau huahana ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele.
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 3, ma lalo o nā ʻano ʻino like ʻole, ʻike maopopo ʻia nā huahana ʻino ma ka ʻili o nā specimens corrosion stress bolt kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB, a piʻi ka mānoanoa o ka papa corrosion me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka nui o ka hoʻonā corrosion simulated. Ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka hoʻonā corrosion simulated mua (Kiʻi 3a), hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā huahana corrosion ma ka ʻili o ka laʻana i ʻelua mau papa: ua hoʻolaha like ʻia ka papa waho loa o nā huahana corrosion, akā ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā māwae; ʻo ka papa o loko he hui wehe o nā huahana corrosion. Ma lalo o ke kūlana o 20 × simulated corrosion solution concentration (Kiʻi 3b), hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka papa corrosion ma ka ʻili o ka laʻana i ʻekolu mau papa: ʻo ka papa waho loa he mau huahana corrosion cluster i hoʻopuehu ʻia, he wehe a porous, a ʻaʻohe hana pale maikaʻi; ʻO ka papa waena he papa huahana corrosion like, akā aia nā māwae maopopo, a hiki i nā ion corrosion ke hele ma waena o nā māwae a hoʻopau i ka substrate; ʻO ka papa o loko he papa huahana corrosion mānoanoa me ka ʻole o nā māwae ʻike ʻia, nona ka hopena pale maikaʻi ma ka substrate. Ma lalo o ke kūlana o 200 × simulated corrosion solution concentration (Fig. 3c), hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka papa corrosion ma ka ʻili o ka laʻana i ʻekolu mau papa: ʻo ka papa waho loa he papa huahana corrosion lahilahi a like; ʻo ka papa waena he petal-shaped a me flake-shaped corrosion ʻO ka papa o loko he papa huahana corrosion mānoanoa me ka ʻole o nā māwae a me nā lua ʻike ʻia, nona ka hopena pale maikaʻi ma ka substrate.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ke Kiʻi 3d i loko o ke kaiapuni palaho simulated o ka pH 3.5, aia kahi nui o nā huahana palaho flocculent a nila paha ma luna o ka ʻili o ka laʻana bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB. Ua kuhi ʻia ʻo kēia mau huahana palaho he γ-FeOOH nui a me kahi liʻiliʻi o α-FeOOH i hoʻopili ʻia26, a he mau māwae maopopo ka papa palaho.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ke Kiʻi 3f i ka wā i piʻi ai ka mahana i 50 °C, ʻaʻohe papa lepo paʻa i loko i loaʻa i loko o ke ʻano o ka papa pala, e hōʻike ana he mau hakahaka ma waena o nā papa pala ma 50 °C, ka mea i ʻole ai i uhi piha ʻia ke substrate e nā huahana pala. Hāʻawi i ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ke ʻano pala o ka substrate.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā waiwai mechanical o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o ka palaho kaumaha mau ma nā ʻano ʻino like ʻole ma ka Papa 2:
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka Papa 2 ua hoʻokō mau nā waiwai mechanical o nā specimens bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB i nā koi maʻamau ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka corrosion wikiwiki o ka pōʻaiapuni maloʻo-pulu i nā ʻano corrosion simulated like ʻole, akā aia kekahi pōʻino i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea i pala ʻole. laʻana. Ma ka nui o ka hopena corrosion simulated mua, ʻaʻole i loli nui nā waiwai mechanical o ka laʻana, akā ma ka 20 × a i ʻole 200 × ka nui o ka hopena simulated, ua emi nui ka elongation o ka laʻana. Ua like nā waiwai mechanical ma nā nui o 20 × a me 200 × nā hopena corrosion simulated mua. I ka hāʻule ʻana o ka waiwai pH o ka hopena corrosion simulated i 3.5, ua emi nui ka ikaika tensile a me ka elongation o nā laʻana. Ke piʻi ka mahana i 50 ° C, ua emi nui ka ikaika tensile a me ka elongation, a ua kokoke loa ka helu shrinkage area i ka waiwai maʻamau.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano haki o nā hāpana palaho koʻikoʻi bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB ma lalo o nā ʻano ʻino like ʻole ma ke Kiʻi 4, ʻo ia hoʻi ka macro-morphology o ka haki, ka ʻāpana fiber ma waenakonu o ka haki, ka lehelehe micro-morphological o ka shear interface, a me ka ʻili o ka hāpana.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka haki macroscopic a me ka microscopic o nā hāpana bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka palaho simulated (500×): (a) ʻaʻohe palaho; (b) 1 manawa; (c) 20 ×; (d) 200 ×; (e) pH3.5; (f) pH7.5; (g) 50°C.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ke Kiʻi 4 ʻo ka haki ʻana o ka hāpana palaho hoʻoluhi ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB ma lalo o nā ʻano palaho like ʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e hōʻike ana i kahi haki kīʻaha-kono maʻamau. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hāpana i pala ʻole ʻia (Kiʻi 4a), he liʻiliʻi iki ka wahi waena o ka māwae wahi fiber. , ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wahi lehelehe shear. Hōʻike kēia ua hōʻino nui ʻia nā waiwai mechanical o ka mea ma hope o ka palaho. Me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hoʻohuihui hoʻonā palaho simulated, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā lua ma ka wahi fiber ma waenakonu o ka haki, a ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻūmi haehae maopopo. I ka piʻi ʻana o ka hoʻohuihui i 20 mau manawa o ka hoʻonā palaho simulated mua, ua ʻike ʻia nā lua palaho maopopo ma ka interface ma waena o ka lihi lehelehe shear a me ka ʻili o ka hāpana, a he nui nā huahana palaho ma ka ʻili. hāpana.
Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia mai ke Kiʻi 3d aia nā māwae maopopo i loko o ka papa pala ma ka ʻili o ka laʻana, ʻaʻohe ona hopena pale maikaʻi ma ka matrix. I loko o ka hoʻonā pala hoʻohālike o ka pH 3.5 (Kiʻi 4e), ua pala loa ka ʻili o ka laʻana, a he liʻiliʻi maopopo ka ʻāpana fiber waena. , He nui nā ʻūmi haehae ʻokoʻa ma waenakonu o ka ʻāpana fiber. Me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka waiwai pH o ka hoʻonā pala hoʻohālike, emi ka ʻāpana haehae ma ka ʻāpana fiber ma waenakonu o ka haki, emi mālie ka lua, a emi mālie hoʻi ka hohonu o ka lua.
I ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana i 50 °C (Kiʻi 4g), ʻo ka ʻāpana lehelehe shear o ka haki o ka laʻana ka mea nui loa, ua piʻi nui nā lua ma ka ʻāpana fiber waena, a ua piʻi pū ka hohonu o ka lua, a ua piʻi ka pilina ma waena o ka lihi lehelehe shear a me ka ʻili o ka laʻana. Ua piʻi aʻe nā huahana corrosion a me nā lua, kahi i hōʻoia i ke ʻano hohonu o ka corrosion substrate i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 3f.
ʻO ka waiwai pH o ka hopena corrosion e hōʻino i nā waiwai mechanical o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB, akā ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi ka hopena. I loko o ka hopena corrosion o pH 3.5, ua hoʻolaha ʻia kahi nui o nā huahana corrosion flocculent a nila paha ma luna o ka ʻili o ka laʻana, a he mau māwae maopopo ka papa corrosion, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana i kahi pale maikaʻi no ka substrate. A aia nā lua corrosion maopopo a me ka nui o nā huahana corrosion i ke ʻano microscopic o ka haki laʻana. Hōʻike kēia ua emi nui ka hiki o ka laʻana ke kūʻē i ka deformation e ka ikaika o waho i kahi ʻano acidic, a ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ke ʻano o ka corrosion stress o ka mea.
ʻAʻole nui ka hopena o ka hopena palaho hoʻohālike mua i nā waiwai mechanical o nā laʻana bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe, akā i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka hopena palaho hoʻohālike i 20 mau manawa o ka hopena palaho hoʻohālike mua, ua hōʻino nui ʻia nā waiwai mechanical o nā laʻana, a ua ʻike maopopo ʻia ka palaho i loko o ka microstructure haki. nā lua, nā māwae lua a me ka nui o nā huahana palaho. I ka wā i hoʻonui ʻia ai ka nui o ka hopena palaho hoʻohālike mai 20 a 200 mau manawa o ka nui o ka hopena palaho hoʻohālike mua, ua nāwaliwali ka hopena o ka nui o ka hopena palaho i nā waiwai mechanical o ka mea.
Ke 25 ℃ ka mahana palaho i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, ʻaʻole nui ka loli o ka ikaika hua a me ka ikaika tensile o nā specimens bolt ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā specimens uncorroded. Eia nō naʻe, ma lalo o ka mahana o ke kaiapuni palaho simulated o 50 °C, ua emi nui ka ikaika tensile a me ka elongation o ka laʻana, ua kokoke ka helu shrinkage ʻāpana i ka waiwai maʻamau, ʻo ka lehelehe shear fracture ka mea nui loa, a he mau dimples ma ka wahi fiber waena. Ua hoʻonui nui ʻia, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hohonu o ka lua, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā huahana palaho a me nā lua palaho. Hōʻike kēia i ka hopena nui o ke kaiapuni palaho synergistic mahana i nā waiwai mechanical o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole maopopo i ka mahana o ka lumi, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wā e hiki ai ka mahana i 50 °C.
Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka palaho wikiwiki i loko e hoʻohālike ana i ke kaiapuni lewa ma Chongqing, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka ikaika tensile, ka ikaika hua, ka elongation a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe 20MnTiB, a ua ʻike ʻia ka hōʻino koʻikoʻi. ʻOiai aia ka mea ma lalo o ke kaumaha, e loaʻa kahi hanana wikiwiki koʻikoʻi o ka palaho kūloko. A ma muli o ka hopena hui pū ʻia o ka hoʻonui koʻikoʻi a me nā lua palaho, he maʻalahi ke hana i ka hōʻino plastik maopopo i nā bolts ikaika kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻemi i ka hiki ke kūʻē i ka deformation e nā mana o waho, a hoʻonui i ke ʻano o ka palaho koʻikoʻi.
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