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A cikin wannan binciken, ana ɗaukar ƙirar bututun nailan na bakin ƙarfe na ƙirar maɓuɓɓugan juyawa da matsi na tsarin naɗe fikafikai da ake amfani da su a cikin rokar a matsayin matsalar ingantawa. Bayan rokar ta bar bututun harbawa, dole ne a buɗe fikafikan da aka rufe kuma a ɗaure su na ɗan lokaci. Manufar binciken ita ce a ƙara yawan kuzarin da aka adana a cikin maɓuɓɓugan don fikafikan su iya aiki a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. A wannan yanayin, an ayyana lissafin makamashi a cikin wallafe-wallafen biyu a matsayin aikin da aka nufa a cikin tsarin ingantawa. An ayyana diamita na waya, diamita na nailan, adadin nailan, da sigogin karkacewa da ake buƙata don ƙirar bazara a matsayin masu canjin ingantawa. Akwai iyakokin geometric akan masu canjin saboda girman injin, da kuma iyakokin abin da ke kan abin da ke cikin aminci saboda nauyin da maɓuɓɓugan ke ɗauka. An yi amfani da algorithm na zuma (BA) don magance wannan matsalar ingantawa da kuma aiwatar da ƙirar bazara. Ƙimar kuzari da aka samu tare da BA sun fi waɗanda aka samu daga nazarin Tsarin Gwaje-gwaje na baya (DOE). An fara nazarin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da hanyoyin da aka tsara ta amfani da sigogi da aka samu daga ingantawa a cikin shirin ADAMS. Bayan haka, an gudanar da gwaje-gwajen gwaji ta hanyar haɗa maɓuɓɓugan da aka ƙera zuwa ainihin hanyoyin aiki. Sakamakon gwajin, an lura cewa fikafikan sun buɗe bayan kimanin milise seconds 90. Wannan ƙimar ta yi ƙasa da maƙasudin aikin na milise seconds 200. Bugu da ƙari, bambancin da ke tsakanin sakamakon nazari da gwaji shine ms 16 kawai.
A cikin motocin jiragen sama da na ruwa, hanyoyin naɗe bututun ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe suna da matuƙar muhimmanci. Ana amfani da waɗannan tsarin a cikin gyare-gyare da juyawar jiragen sama don inganta aikin tashi da sarrafawa. Dangane da yanayin tashi, fikafikan suna naɗewa kuma suna buɗewa daban-daban don rage tasirin iska1. Ana iya kwatanta wannan yanayin da motsin fikafikan wasu tsuntsaye da kwari yayin tashi da nutsewa na yau da kullun. Hakazalika, masu zamiya suna naɗewa da buɗewa a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin ruwa don rage tasirin hydrodynamic da kuma haɓaka sarrafawa3. Wani maƙasudin waɗannan hanyoyin shine samar da fa'idodi masu girma ga tsarin kamar naɗewa na helikwafta propeller 4 don ajiya da jigilar kaya. Fikafikan roka kuma suna naɗewa don rage sararin ajiya. Don haka, ana iya sanya ƙarin makamai masu linzami a kan ƙaramin yanki na mai harba 5. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su yadda ya kamata wajen naɗewa da buɗewa galibi maɓuɓɓuga ne. A lokacin naɗewa, ana adana makamashi a ciki kuma ana sake shi a lokacin da yake buɗewa. Saboda tsarinsa mai sassauƙa, makamashin da aka adana da wanda aka saki an daidaita su. An tsara bazarar ne musamman don tsarin, kuma wannan ƙirar tana gabatar da matsalar ingantawa6. Domin yayin da yake ɗauke da ma'auni daban-daban kamar diamita na waya, diamita na na'ura, adadin juyawa, kusurwar helix da nau'in kayan, akwai kuma ma'auni kamar taro, girma, mafi ƙarancin rarraba damuwa ko matsakaicin wadatar makamashi7.
Wannan binciken ya ba da haske kan ƙira da inganta maɓuɓɓugan ruwa don hanyoyin naɗe fikafikai da ake amfani da su a tsarin roka. Kasancewarsu a cikin bututun harbawa kafin tashi, fikafikan suna naɗewa a saman roka, kuma bayan sun fita daga bututun harbawa, suna buɗewa na wani lokaci kuma suna ci gaba da matsewa a saman. Wannan tsari yana da mahimmanci ga ingantaccen aikin roka. A cikin tsarin naɗewa da aka haɓaka, buɗe fikafikan ana yin su ne ta hanyar maɓuɓɓugan juyawa, kuma maɓuɓɓugan matsewa ne ke yin kullewa. Don tsara maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai dacewa, dole ne a yi tsarin ingantawa. A cikin inganta maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, akwai aikace-aikace daban-daban a cikin adabi.
Paredes et al.8 sun bayyana matsakaicin ƙarfin gajiya a matsayin aikin gaske don ƙirar maɓuɓɓugan helical kuma sun yi amfani da hanyar quasi-Newtonian a matsayin hanyar ingantawa. An gano masu canji a cikin ingantawa kamar diamita na waya, diamita na coil, adadin juyawa, da tsawon bazara. Wani siga na tsarin bazara shine kayan da aka yi shi daga ciki. Saboda haka, an yi la'akari da wannan a cikin nazarin ƙira da ingantawa. Zebdi et al. 9 sun kafa manufofin matsakaicin tauri da mafi ƙarancin nauyi a cikin aikin haƙiƙa a cikin bincikensu, inda ma'aunin nauyi ya kasance mai mahimmanci. A wannan yanayin, sun ayyana kayan bazara da halayen geometric a matsayin masu canji. Suna amfani da algorithm na kwayoyin halitta azaman hanyar ingantawa. A cikin masana'antar kera motoci, nauyin kayan yana da amfani ta hanyoyi da yawa, daga aikin abin hawa zuwa amfani da mai. Rage nauyi yayin inganta maɓuɓɓugan coil don dakatarwa wani bincike ne sananne10. Bahshesh da Bahshesh11 sun gano kayan kamar E-glass, carbon da Kevlar a matsayin masu canji a cikin aikinsu a cikin yanayin ANSYS tare da burin cimma mafi ƙarancin nauyi da ƙarfin tayarwa a cikin zane-zanen maɓuɓɓugan dakatarwa daban-daban. Tsarin kera yana da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen haɓaka maɓuɓɓugan ruwa masu haɗaka. Don haka, masu canji daban-daban suna shiga cikin matsalar ingantawa, kamar hanyar samarwa, matakan da aka ɗauka a cikin tsarin, da kuma jerin waɗannan matakan12,13. Lokacin tsara maɓuɓɓugan ruwa don tsarin masu motsi, dole ne a yi la'akari da mitoci na halitta na tsarin. Ana ba da shawarar cewa mitar halitta ta farko ta bazara ta zama aƙalla sau 5-10 na mitar halitta ta tsarin don guje wa amsawa14. Taktak et al. 7 sun yanke shawarar rage yawan maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da kuma haɓaka mitar halitta ta farko a matsayin ayyukan zahiri a cikin ƙirar maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. Sun yi amfani da binciken tsari, wurin ciki, saitin aiki, da hanyoyin algorithm na kwayoyin halitta a cikin kayan aikin inganta Matlab. Binciken nazari wani ɓangare ne na binciken ƙirar bazara, kuma Hanyar Ƙarfin Abubuwa ta shahara a wannan fanni15. Patil et al.16 sun haɓaka hanyar ingantawa don rage nauyin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa mai matsewa ta amfani da hanyar nazari kuma sun gwada daidaiton nazari ta amfani da hanyar ƙarfin abubuwa. Wani ma'auni don ƙara amfanin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa shine ƙaruwar kuzarin da zai iya adanawa. Wannan shari'ar kuma tana tabbatar da cewa bazarar tana riƙe da amfaninta na dogon lokaci. Rahul da Rameshkumar17 Suna neman rage yawan bazara da kuma ƙara kuzarin matsin lamba a cikin ƙirar magudanar ruwa ta mota. Sun kuma yi amfani da algorithms na kwayoyin halitta wajen binciken ingantawa.
Kamar yadda ake gani, sigogi a cikin binciken ingantawa sun bambanta daga tsarin zuwa tsarin. Gabaɗaya, ma'aunin tauri da matsin lamba suna da mahimmanci a cikin tsarin inda nauyin da yake ɗauka shine abin da ke tantancewa. Zaɓin abu yana cikin tsarin iyaka na nauyi tare da waɗannan sigogi biyu. A gefe guda kuma, ana duba mitoci na halitta don guje wa amsawa a cikin tsarin mai ƙarfi. A cikin tsarin da amfani ke da mahimmanci, ana ƙara yawan kuzari. A cikin nazarin ingantawa, kodayake ana amfani da FEM don nazarin nazari, ana iya ganin cewa ana amfani da algorithms na metaheuristic kamar algorithm na kwayoyin halitta14,18 da algorithm na wolf mai launin toka19 tare da hanyar Newton ta gargajiya a cikin wasu sigogi. An haɓaka algorithms na metaheuristic bisa ga hanyoyin daidaitawa na halitta waɗanda ke kusantar yanayin mafi kyau a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, musamman a ƙarƙashin tasirin yawan jama'a20,21. Tare da rarrabawar jama'a bazuwar a yankin bincike, suna guje wa optima na gida kuma suna matsawa zuwa optima na duniya22. Don haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sau da yawa ana amfani da shi a cikin mahallin matsalolin masana'antu na gaske23,24.
Muhimmin lamari game da tsarin naɗewa da aka haɓaka a cikin wannan binciken shine cewa fikafikan, waɗanda suke a wurin rufe kafin tashi, suna buɗewa na ɗan lokaci bayan sun bar bututun. Bayan haka, abin kullewa yana toshe fikafikan. Saboda haka, maɓuɓɓugan ba sa shafar yanayin tashi kai tsaye. A wannan yanayin, manufar ingantawa ita ce haɓaka kuzarin da aka adana don hanzarta motsi na bazara. An ayyana diamita na birgima, diamita na waya, adadin birgima da karkacewa a matsayin sigogin ingantawa. Saboda ƙaramin girman bazara, ba a ɗauki nauyi a matsayin manufa ba. Saboda haka, an ayyana nau'in kayan a matsayin tsayayye. An ƙayyade iyakar aminci don nakasassu na injiniya a matsayin iyakancewa mai mahimmanci. Bugu da ƙari, ƙuntatawa masu canzawa suna da hannu a cikin iyakokin tsarin. An zaɓi hanyar BA metaheuristic a matsayin hanyar ingantawa. An fifita BA saboda tsarinta mai sassauƙa da sauƙi, da kuma ci gabanta a binciken ingantawa na injiniya25. A kashi na biyu na binciken, an haɗa cikakkun maganganun lissafi a cikin tsarin ƙira na asali da ƙirar bazara na tsarin naɗewa. Kashi na uku ya ƙunshi algorithm na ingantawa da sakamakon ingantawa. Babi na 4 yana gudanar da bincike a cikin shirin ADAMS. Ana nazarin dacewar maɓuɓɓugan ruwa kafin a samar da su. Sashe na ƙarshe ya ƙunshi sakamakon gwaji da hotunan gwaji. An kuma kwatanta sakamakon da aka samu a cikin binciken da aikin marubutan da suka gabata ta amfani da hanyar DOE.
Fikafikan da aka haɓaka a cikin wannan binciken ya kamata su naɗe zuwa saman rokar. Fikafikan suna juyawa daga naɗewa zuwa matsayin da ba a buɗe ba. Don wannan, an ƙirƙiri wata hanya ta musamman. A kan hoto na 1 yana nuna tsarin da aka naɗe da ba a buɗe ba5 a cikin tsarin daidaita rokar.
A hoto na 2 yana nuna wani ɓangare na tsarin. Tsarin ya ƙunshi sassa da dama na injiniya: (1) babban jiki, (2) shaft ɗin fikafikai, (3) ɗaukar kaya, (4) jikin kulle, (5) daji mai kulle, (6) fil na tsayawa, (7) maɓuɓɓugar juyawa da (8) maɓuɓɓugar matsawa. Shaft ɗin fikafikai (2) an haɗa shi da maɓuɓɓugar juyawa (7) ta hannun makulli (4). Duk sassan uku suna juyawa a lokaci guda bayan roka ta tashi. Da wannan motsi na juyawa, fikafikan suna juyawa zuwa matsayinsu na ƙarshe. Bayan haka, maɓuɓɓugar matsawa (8) tana kunna fil ɗin (6), ta haka ne za ta toshe dukkan tsarin jikin kullewa (4)5.
Modulus mai laushi (E) da kuma shear modulus (G) sune manyan sigogin ƙira na bazara. A cikin wannan binciken, an zaɓi wayar ƙarfe mai ƙarfi ta carbon (wayar kiɗa ASTM A228) a matsayin kayan bazara. Sauran sigogi sune diamita na waya (d), matsakaicin diamita na coil (Dm), adadin coils (N) da karkacewar bazara (xd don maɓuɓɓugan matsi da kuma θ don maɓuɓɓugan torsion)26. Ana iya ƙididdige kuzarin da aka adana don maɓuɓɓugan matsi \({(SE}_{x})\) da torsion (\({SE}_{\theta}\)) daga lissafin. (1) da (2)26. (Ƙimar shear modulus (G) don maɓuɓɓugan matsi shine 83.7E9 Pa, kuma ƙimar elastic modulus (E) don maɓuɓɓugan torsion shine 203.4E9 Pa.)
Girman injina na tsarin yana ƙayyade iyakokin geometric na bazara kai tsaye. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a yi la'akari da yanayin da roka zai kasance a ciki. Waɗannan abubuwan suna ƙayyade iyakokin sigogin bazara. Wani muhimmin iyakancewa shine abin da ke cikin aminci. An bayyana ma'anar abin da ke cikin aminci dalla-dalla ta hanyar Shigley et al.26. An bayyana abin da ke cikin matsi na bazara (SFC) a matsayin matsakaicin matsin lamba da aka yarda da shi wanda aka raba ta hanyar damuwa akan tsawon da ke ci gaba. Ana iya ƙididdige SFC ta amfani da lissafi. (3), (4), (5) da (6)26. (Ga kayan bazara da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan binciken, \({S}_{sy}=980 MPa\)). F yana wakiltar ƙarfin da ke cikin lissafi kuma KB yana wakiltar abin da ke cikin lissafi na 26.
An bayyana ma'aunin aminci na juyawar maɓuɓɓuga (SFT) a matsayin M da aka raba ta k. Ana iya ƙididdige SFT daga lissafin. (7), (8), (9) da (10)26. (Ga kayan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan binciken, \({S}_{y}=1600 \mathrm{MPa}\)). A cikin lissafin, ana amfani da M don juyawa, \({k}^{^{\prime}}\) ana amfani da shi don ma'aunin bazara (juyawa/juyawa), kuma ana amfani da Ki don ma'aunin gyara damuwa.
Babban burin ingantawa a cikin wannan binciken shine haɓaka kuzarin bazara. An tsara aikin manufa don nemo \(\overrightarrow{\{X\}}\) wanda ke haɓaka \(f(X)\). \({f}_{1}(X)\) da \({f}_{2}(X)\) sune ayyukan kuzari na matsi da juyawa, bi da bi. An nuna canjin da aka ƙididdige da ayyukan da ake amfani da su don ingantawa a cikin daidaitattun masu zuwa.
An bayar da ƙa'idodi daban-daban da aka sanya kan ƙirar maɓuɓɓugar a cikin lissafin da ke ƙasa. Lissafi (15) da (16) suna wakiltar abubuwan aminci don maɓuɓɓugan matsewa da juyawa, bi da bi. A cikin wannan binciken, SFC dole ne ya fi ko daidai da 1.2 kuma SFT dole ne ya fi ko daidai da θ26.
BA ya samu kwarin gwiwa ne daga dabarun neman pollen na ƙudan zuma27. Kudan zuma suna neman ta hanyar aika ƙarin masu kiwon dabbobi zuwa filayen pollen masu albarka da ƙarancin masu kiwon dabbobi zuwa filayen pollen marasa albarka. Don haka, an cimma mafi girman inganci daga yawan kudan zuma. A gefe guda kuma, ƙudan zuma masu binciken dabbobi suna ci gaba da neman sabbin wuraren pollen, kuma idan akwai wurare masu amfani fiye da da, za a tura masu binciken dabbobi da yawa zuwa wannan sabon yanki28. BA ya ƙunshi sassa biyu: bincike na gida da bincike na duniya. Binciken gida yana neman ƙarin al'ummomi kusa da mafi ƙarancin (wuraren fitattu), kamar ƙudan zuma, kuma yana neman ƙasa da wasu shafuka (wuraren da aka zaɓa ko aka zaɓa). Ana yin bincike na ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a ɓangaren bincike na duniya, kuma idan an sami kyawawan ƙima, ana mayar da tashoshin zuwa ɓangaren bincike na gida a maimaitawa na gaba. Tsarin ya ƙunshi wasu sigogi: adadin ƙudan zuma masu binciken dabbobi (n), adadin wuraren bincike na gida (m), adadin wuraren bincike na fitattu (e), adadin masu binciken dabbobi a wuraren fitattu (nep), adadin masu binciken dabbobi a wurare mafi kyau. Wuri (nsp), girman unguwa (ngh), da adadin maimaitawa (I)29. An nuna lambar karya ta BA a Hoto na 3.
Tsarin yana ƙoƙarin yin aiki tsakanin \({g}_{1}(X)\) da \({g}_{2}(X)\). Sakamakon kowane maimaitawa, ana ƙayyade mafi kyawun ƙima kuma ana tattara alƙaluma a kusa da waɗannan ƙima don ƙoƙarin samun mafi kyawun ƙima. Ana duba ƙuntatawa a cikin sassan bincike na gida da na duniya. A cikin binciken gida, idan waɗannan abubuwan sun dace, ana ƙididdige ƙimar kuzari. Idan sabon ƙimar kuzari ya fi ƙimar mafi kyau, sanya sabon ƙimar zuwa mafi kyawun ƙima. Idan mafi kyawun ƙimar da aka samu a sakamakon bincike ya fi abin da ke cikin sakamakon bincike girma, sabon ɓangaren zai kasance cikin tarin. An nuna zane-zanen toshe na binciken gida a Hoto na 4.
Yawan jama'a yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman sigogi a cikin BA. Ana iya gani daga binciken da aka yi a baya cewa faɗaɗa yawan jama'a yana rage adadin maimaitawa da ake buƙata kuma yana ƙara yuwuwar samun nasara. Duk da haka, adadin kimantawa na aiki shima yana ƙaruwa. Kasancewar adadi mai yawa na wurare masu kyau ba ya shafar aiki sosai. Adadin wuraren fitattu na iya zama ƙasa idan ba sifili ba ne30. Girman yawan mutanen kudan zuma (n) yawanci ana zaɓarsa tsakanin 30 da 100. A cikin wannan binciken, an gudanar da yanayi 30 da 50 don tantance adadin da ya dace (Tebur 2). Ana ƙayyade wasu sigogi dangane da yawan jama'a. Adadin wuraren da aka zaɓa (m) shine (kusan) 25% na girman yawan jama'a, kuma adadin wuraren fitattu (e) tsakanin wuraren da aka zaɓa shine 25% na m. An zaɓi adadin ciyar da kudan zuma (adadin bincike) don zama 100 don filayen fitattu da 30 don sauran filayen gida. Binciken unguwa shine ainihin ra'ayin duk algorithms na juyin halitta. A cikin wannan binciken, an yi amfani da hanyar maƙwabta masu tauri. Wannan hanyar tana rage girman unguwa a wani lokaci a kowane lokaci. A cikin maimaitawa na gaba, ana iya amfani da ƙananan ƙimar unguwa30 don bincike mafi daidai.
Ga kowane yanayi, an yi gwaje-gwaje goma a jere don duba yuwuwar sake haifar da tsarin ingantawa. A hoto na 5 yana nuna sakamakon inganta yanayin bazara na juyawa don tsari na 1, da kuma a hoto na 6 - don tsari na 2. An kuma bayar da bayanan gwaji a cikin teburi na 3 da 4 (teburin da ke ɗauke da sakamakon da aka samu don matsi yana cikin Ƙarin Bayani na S1). Yawan kudan zuma yana ƙara neman kyawawan ƙima a farkon maimaitawa. A yanayi na 1, sakamakon wasu gwaje-gwajen sun kasance ƙasa da matsakaicin. A yanayi na 2, ana iya ganin cewa duk sakamakon ingantawa suna kusantowa mafi girma saboda ƙaruwar yawan jama'a da sauran sigogi masu dacewa. Ana iya ganin cewa ƙimar da ke cikin Yanayi na 2 ta isa ga tsarin.
Lokacin da ake samun matsakaicin ƙimar kuzari a cikin maimaitawa, ana kuma bayar da abin tsaro a matsayin ƙayyadadden dalili ga binciken. Duba teburin don abin tsaro. Ana kwatanta ƙimar kuzarin da aka samu ta amfani da BA da waɗanda aka samu ta amfani da hanyar DOE ta 5 a cikin Jadawali na 5. (Don sauƙin ƙera, adadin juyawa (N) na maɓuɓɓugar juyawa shine 4.9 maimakon 4.88, kuma karkacewa (xd) shine 8 mm maimakon 7.99 mm a cikin maɓuɓɓugar matsewa.) Ana iya ganin cewa BA shine mafi kyawun sakamako. BA yana kimanta duk ƙima ta hanyar binciken gida da na duniya. Ta wannan hanyar zai iya gwada ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka cikin sauri.
A cikin wannan binciken, an yi amfani da Adams don yin nazarin motsin tsarin fikafikai. Da farko an ba Adams samfurin 3D na tsarin. Sannan a fayyace maɓuɓɓugar ruwa tare da sigogin da aka zaɓa a cikin sashe na baya. Bugu da ƙari, ana buƙatar a fayyace wasu sigogi don ainihin binciken. Waɗannan sigogi ne na zahiri kamar haɗi, halayen kayan aiki, hulɗa, gogayya, da nauyi. Akwai haɗin juyawa tsakanin shaft ɗin ruwan wukake da bearing. Akwai haɗin silinda 5-6. Akwai haɗin 5-1 da aka gyara. Babban jikin an yi shi da kayan aluminum kuma an gyara shi. Kayan sauran sassan ƙarfe ne. Zaɓi ma'aunin gogayya, taurin hulɗa da zurfin shigar saman gogayya ya danganta da nau'in kayan. (bakin ƙarfe AISI 304) A cikin wannan binciken, ma'aunin mahimmanci shine lokacin buɗewar tsarin fikafikai, wanda dole ne ya zama ƙasa da 200 ms. Saboda haka, a kula da lokacin buɗe fikafikai yayin binciken.
Sakamakon binciken Adams, lokacin buɗewar injin fikafikan shine milise seconds 74. Sakamakon kwaikwayon motsi daga 1 zuwa 4 an nuna shi a Hoto na 7. Hoto na farko a Hoto na 5 shine lokacin fara kwaikwayon kuma fikafikan suna cikin matsayin jira don naɗewa. (2) Yana nuna matsayin fikafikan bayan 40ms lokacin da fikafikan ya juya digiri 43. (3) yana nuna matsayin fikafikan bayan milise seconds 71. Hakanan a cikin hoto na ƙarshe (4) yana nuna ƙarshen juyawar fikafikan da matsayin buɗewa. Sakamakon nazarin motsi, an lura cewa tsarin buɗe fikafikan ya fi guntu fiye da ƙimar manufa ta 200 ms. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin girman maɓuɓɓugan, an zaɓi iyakokin aminci daga mafi girman ƙimar da aka ba da shawarar a cikin wallafe-wallafe.
Bayan kammala dukkan nazarin ƙira, ingantawa da kuma kwaikwayon kwaikwayo, an ƙera samfurin injin kuma an haɗa shi. Daga nan aka gwada samfurin don tabbatar da sakamakon kwaikwayon. Da farko an ɗaure babban harsashi sannan aka naɗe fikafikan. Daga nan aka saki fikafikan daga matsayin da aka naɗe kuma aka yi bidiyo na juyawar fikafikan daga matsayin da aka naɗe zuwa wanda aka tura. An kuma yi amfani da na'urar ƙidayar lokaci don nazarin lokaci yayin rikodin bidiyo.
A hoto na 8 yana nuna firam ɗin bidiyo mai lamba 1-4. Lambar firam 1 a cikin hoton yana nuna lokacin sakin fikafikan da aka naɗe. Ana ɗaukar wannan lokacin a matsayin farkon lokacin t0. Firam 2 da 3 suna nuna matsayin fikafikan 40 ms da 70 ms bayan lokacin farko. Lokacin nazarin firam 3 da 4, ana iya ganin cewa motsin fikafikan yana daidaita 90 ms bayan t0, kuma buɗe fikafikan ya ƙare tsakanin 70 da 90 ms. Wannan yanayin yana nufin cewa duka gwajin kwaikwayo da gwajin samfura suna ba da kusan lokacin turawa fikafikai iri ɗaya, kuma ƙirar ta cika buƙatun aikin injin.
A cikin wannan labarin, an inganta maɓuɓɓugan juyawa da matsi da ake amfani da su a cikin tsarin naɗe fikafikai ta amfani da BA. Ana iya isa ga sigogi cikin sauri ba tare da maimaitawa kaɗan ba. An kimanta maɓuɓɓugan juyawa a 1075 mJ kuma maɓuɓɓugan matsawa an kimanta su a 37.24 mJ. Waɗannan ƙimar sun fi 40-50% fiye da nazarin DOE na baya. An haɗa maɓuɓɓugan a cikin tsarin kuma an yi nazari a cikin shirin ADAMS. Lokacin da aka yi nazari, an gano cewa fikafikan sun buɗe cikin milise seconds 74. Wannan ƙimar ta yi ƙasa da maƙasudin aikin na milise seconds 200. A cikin wani bincike na gwaji da ya biyo baya, an auna lokacin kunnawa zuwa kusan ms 90. Wannan bambancin milse seconds 16 tsakanin nazarin na iya zama saboda abubuwan muhalli da ba a yi wa kwamfutar kwalliya ba. Ana tsammanin cewa algorithm na ingantawa da aka samu sakamakon binciken za a iya amfani da shi don ƙirar bazara daban-daban.
An riga an ayyana kayan bazara kuma ba a yi amfani da su azaman mai canzawa ba wajen ingantawa. Tunda ana amfani da nau'ikan maɓuɓɓuga daban-daban a cikin jiragen sama da rokoki, za a yi amfani da BA don tsara wasu nau'ikan maɓuɓɓuga ta amfani da kayan daban-daban don cimma ingantaccen ƙirar bazara a cikin bincike na gaba.
Mun bayyana cewa wannan rubutun na asali ne, ba a buga shi a baya ba, kuma a halin yanzu ba a yi la'akari da shi don bugawa a wani wuri ba.
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