Izakhiwo zezentengiselwano zivame ukuba nezinhlobo ezimbili: eziyisikwele nezithakazelisayo. Uma izakhiwo eziyisikwele zingakhiwanga zinde futhi zinikeza imibono emihle, azinikezi lutho ngaphandle komsebenzi osebenzayo kanye nokusebenza kahle okungenakuqhathaniswa.
Kodwa-ke, abakhi abaningi baphonsela inselelo ubuqambi ngokuqhamuka nemibono yokwakha ekhangayo emehlweni futhi ngezinye izikhathi ehlaba umxhwele. Akusikho ukweqisa ukusho ukuthi kwezinye izimo umbono ovela esakhiweni uyamangalisa njengombono ovela esakhiweni.
I-Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum (eNew York) eyaklanywa nguFrank Lloyd Wright isekelwe ochungechungeni lwezinto eziyindilinga, kanye ne-Zurich Insurance Group North American Headquarters Building (eSchaumburg, e-Illinois) eyaklanywa yi-Goettsch Partners. Izinto empeleni ziyizikwele ezihlanganisiwe ndawonye ngendlela engasoze yalibaleka. Abaklami abanjengoFrank Gehry baye benza konke okusemandleni abo ukuze bagweme ukucabanga kwendabuko futhi badale izithombe ngaphandle kwamaphethini ahlukile noma ukubikezela, njenge-Walt Disney Concert Hall (eLos Angeles) noma i-Guggenheim Museum Bilbao (eBilbao, eSpain).
Kwenzekani lapho abaklami bephonsela inselelo ukuma kwezingxenye nezinto ezisetshenziswa kulezi zakhiwo, beguqula izimo ezivamile zibe ezendabuko kakhulu? Izibambo, izimbobo zomoya, nezibambo zomnyango yizinto zansuku zonke ezithuthukisa umbono wethu ngesakhiwo noma isimo ngezinga elithile, noma singakuqapheli lokho. Yilokho isifiso senkampani yaseNgilandi i-Timeless Tube evela ePoole, eyashintsha umhlaba wamapayipi ngezinga elincane ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980 ngokwenza ipayipi lokuqala lensimbi engagqwali eliyindilinga emhlabeni. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-Timeless iqhubekile nokukhiqiza imikhiqizo emisha yamapayipi yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, iqondiswa njalo yisiqubulo sayo esithi: “Umklamo Wepayipi Lensimbi Elihle”.
Umbono wenkampani ukwenza umhlaba ube indawo engcono. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusetshenziswa amapayipi ensimbi abunjiwe, aguqula izakhiwo ezivamile ezisebenzayo zibe izingxenye zomklamo ezimangalisayo.
“Sithole ugqozi kumklami wezimboni omkhulu waseMelika uCharles Eames, owathi, “Imininingwane ayiyona imininingwane. Iyaklama,” kusho uTom McMillan, umphathi jikelele kanye nonjiniyela omkhulu.
“Lo moya ugcwele wonke umsebenzi wethu,” eqhubeka. “Sifuna ukufaka isandla ekwakhiweni okuhle ngamapayipi ethu, kungaba ukwakheka kwezakhiwo, ifenisha, noma into ethile eyenziwe ngomshini ngokuphelele.”
I-Timeless Tube ineminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu yesipiliyoni ekwakheni imiklamo ye-handrail eyenziwe ngokwezifiso. Umkhiqizo wayo wokuqala, amashubhu e-oval kanye ne-joinery eyingqayizivele kwasetshenziswa njenge-handrail yezikebhe. Yakhiwe ngensimbi engagqwali ecwebezelayo engu-316L ukuze imelane nezimo ezinzima zasolwandle, lo mkhiqizo omusha wamukelwa ngokushesha ngabakhi bemikhumbi emhlabeni jikelele. Isimo se-oval esihle asigcini nje ngokujabulisa kakhulu kuneshubhu eliyindilinga, kodwa futhi sinenzuzo yokuphepha yokuthi asithambekeli kakhulu ekusheleleni lapho sibanjwe abasebenzi nabagibeli.
“Izikebhe zikanokusho zimayelana nokunaka imininingwane,” kusho uMcMillan. “Izindinganiso zokuklama zigxile ekhwalithini engenaphutha kanye nokulula kokusetshenziswa. Amapayipi ethu asetshenziswa abakhi bezikebhe abadumile emhlabeni. Abaklami bemikhumbi bakhetha kakhulu – abayekethisi emininingwaneni. Amapayipi ethu aqandayo aqinile, futhi ngesizathu esihle.”
Kodwa-ke, i-Timeless ifuna ukudala izimo ezintsha uma nje zinikeza izinzuzo ngaphezu kwamashubhu ayindilinga futhi zinikeza izinzuzo ezicacile kumsebenzisi wokugcina. Le nkampani muva nje idale uhlobo olusha lweshubhu lesandla lezikebhe zokunethezeka: amashubhu erediyasi yesikwele. Lesi simo esiqinile nesicwengekile siqinile kodwa sinezimbobo ezincane ngakho asiphumi kakhulu. Isandla sifanelana nesimo ngokunethezeka nangokuphephile, imiphetho igobile kancane.
Akudingeki ukuthi ithubhu ibe yinde kakhulu ukuze iveze isitatimende. Lokhu kuphumula kwengalo okufushane esikebheni esincane kubukeka kukuhle.
Onjiniyela abangaphelelwa yisikhathi bathuthukise amaphrofayili amapayipi ayisithupha ahlukile, kufaka phakathi amapayipi amabili asontekile. Iningi lemikhiqizo yenkampani yenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali engu-304L kanye ne-316L, kodwa onjiniyela basebenzisa ne-aluminium, titanium kanye ne-copper alloys. Ingxubevange kuphela abangayisebenzisanga yinsimbi ethambile njengoba ingamelani nokugqwala futhi ngaleyo ndlela ingcolisa insimbi engagqwali.
“Ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi lezinhlelo zokusebenza esizinikezayo zinobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zihlobisa, zesakhiwo, noma zemishini,” kusho uMcMillan. “Insimbi encane ingase ishibhile, kodwa inemikhawulo yayo kuzinhlelo zokusebenza esisebenza kuzo.”
Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi i-Timeless ikhawulela umsebenzi wayo kulezi zinhlobo eziyisithupha eziyisisekelo. Iphrojekthi ye-arena yakamuva inikeze onjiniyela benkampani ithuba lokubonisa ubuhlakani babo kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha.
Ngo-2019, i-Timeless yafaka izikhonkwane zomgwaqo ezinephrofayili phezulu kwenkundla yebhola lezinyawo edumile ye-English Premier League. Indlela yokuhamba inikeza umbono obanzi weNyakatho yeLondon ongamamitha angu-130 futhi umphakathi ungahamba ezinkundleni ezivulekile ngokunamathisela izintambo zokuphepha nokunikeza ukuphepha okwengeziwe ngezinsika eziqinile.
Kodwa ukuthola lesi sandla sensimbi engagqwali kwaba yinselele kubakhi bezakhiwo ngenxa yezici zaso ezingavamile: kwakufanele sibe sikhulu ngokwanele ukuze silingane phezu kwengxenye yebhokisi lensimbi enamathisela izinhlangothi ze-mesh yensimbi engagqwali endleleni yokuhamba yengilazi. Babedinga ithubhu elenziwe ngokwezifiso elibukeka kahle, elinombono oqondile kunokuba ligobile, futhi elinesikhala esinqunyiwe nge-laser esisekelweni.
Abakhi bokwakha bagcina bethole i-Timeless Tube, eyanikeza ikhambi leshubhu eliyisicaba, eliyindilinga elinemigqa ehlanzekile, eyindilinga. Lesi yisimo seshubhu esingenziwa onjiniyela abambalwa, kodwa sinezinzuzo ezithile ezihlukile kuneshubhu eliyindilinga. “Lesi yisimo sethu seshubhu esiqine kakhulu kunanoma yisiphi esinye,” kusho uMcMillan. “Kuwusizo kakhulu uma kudingeka ukukhiqizwa okwengeziwe ngoba kulula ukulihlanganisa nezinye izingxenye ezifana nama-spindle nengilazi noma izingxenye zezimoto ngenxa yezinhlangothi zalo eziyisicaba,” esho.
Ukuze kuhlanganiswe izingxenye zensimbi, abakhi bezakhiwo babefuna ukuthi leli payipi libe likhulu kakhulu kunalokho okutholakalayo njengamanje. I-Timeless iyinkampani encane futhi eguquguqukayo engadingi ukubhekana nomthwalo wemisebenzi emikhulu kanye nokukhiqizwa okukhulu, ngakho-ke ingatshala isikhathi nomzamo ekwenzeni ama-prototyping kanye nosayizi owenziwe ngokwezifiso kumakhasimende ayo.
Lapho kwakhiwa ubukhulu obusha, i-Timeless ingase ingafinyeleli njalo ubukhulu obuqondile obucelwe amakhasimende njengoba lokhu kulinganisa kungase kungabangela amapayipi aqinile, noma ipayipi lingase lingavumelani nesimo esifunwayo. Ngemva kokulungisa ubudlelwano phakathi kokwakheka kwe-oval kanye nokuthamba, i-Timeless yakhiqiza ithubhu elinobukhulu obungu-7.67 ngamasentimitha angu-3.3 (195 ngamasentimitha angu-85) obukhulu bodonga obungu-0.118 amayintshi (3 mm). Usayizi omude uncane ngamasentimitha angu-0.40 (10mm) kuphela kunalokho okubhalwe ekuqaleni.
“Sakha amashubhu ethu ngokudweba amashubhu azungezile anobude obujwayelekile ekwakheni imiqulu,” kusho uMacmillan. “Inqubo yokwakha ishubhu uhlobo lobuciko. Asikaze sizithole “sichoboza” ishubhu. Uma sesinqume usayizi esiwaziyo ukuthi uyasebenza, silinganisa zonke izilungiselelo ukuze sikwazi ukuphinda lokhu ngokuphindaphindiwe Lo sayizi oqondile. Kodwa ngosayizi omusha… kahle, asazi ukuthi uzosithinta kanjani. Izinsimbi ezahlukene zinikeza imiphumela ehlukile. Kudinga ukuhlolwa.”
Ipayipi elingaphelelwa isikhathi akudingeki livame ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze lisetshenziswe njengesivikelo sokuhlobisa izakhiwo zesakhiwo, njengoba selivele liqinile ngokwesakhiwo.
Uhla lwemikhiqizo ye-Timeless Tube luhlanganisa izimo eziyisithupha: i-oval eyisicaba, i-oval, i-oval ejiyile, isikwele esiyindilinga esijiyile, isikwele esiyindilinga, kanye ne-D. 2 inches) nezinye eziningi.
“E-UK, sinezidingo eziqinile kakhulu zokuklama izinsimbi zokubiyela nezinto ezisetshenziswayo, esizilandela ngokugcwele,” kusho uMacmillan. “Size saqhuba nokuhlolwa okubanzi kokuchezuka, okufakazela ukuthi leli payipi eliyisicaba eliyindilinga linamandla ngamaphesenti angu-54 kunepayipi eliyindilinga elijwayelekile. Kodwa empeleni, lezi zinsimbi zokubiyela azizona izibambo zokuphatha, kodwa “izingqimba zomzimba” okulula ukuziphumuza kuzo,” kusho yena.
Umsebenzi we-Timeless uvele ezakhiweni eziningana ezidumile kanye nezakhiwo, okuhlanganisa nezindawo zokuphatha ibhuloho labahamba ngezinyawo elidumile i-Foster + Partners (elaziwa nangokuthi i-Millennium Bridge) kanye nesiteshi samapayipi sesikhathi esizayo ngaphakathi kwe-Canary Wharf yaseLondon. URon Arad wakhomba oshimini abasaqanda be-Timeless abase-atrium ye-Tel Aviv Opera House ehlonishwayo, okuvame ukukhulunywa ngabo ezincwadini zokwakha.
“Akunangqondo ukuklama izakhiwo ezinesitayela kangaka bese uziqeda ngamapayipi ajwayelekile ayindilinga,” kusho yena. “Ngicabanga ukuthi abaklami abahle kakhulu bayakuqonda lokhu futhi yingakho sinesisekelo samakhasimende aphesheya kwezilwandle.”
Ngo-Ephreli 2020, uGigi Albers, umnikazi weSynergigi, umklami wangaphakathi oseMontana, wathenga ipayipi eliyindilinga lensimbi engagqwali elingu-316L kanye nezinsimbi zokuhlanganisa ezingu-8 ezivela ku-Timeless ukuze azisebenzise njengemilenze yetafula lekhofi elenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Ngesitayela u-Elbers asichaza ngokuthi “inhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-geometric,” lo myalelo uhlanganisa ama-countertop amabili amahle angalingani – elinye nge-walnut emnyama kanti elinye nge-oki emhlophe – afakwe ngesimo se-U esiqhubekayo ezikhonkwaneni ezihlanganisiwe ze-oval. U-Elbers udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhaphethi amancane amakhasimende akhe awambozwa yimilenze yetafula ewugqinsi. Wayedinga amapayipi amahle, angaphazamisi ukuze enze ikhaphethi livelele ngangokunokwenzeka. Wa-oda amasampula kwa-Timeless ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesayizi yepayipi efanele.
Umenzi wensimbi yokwakha uDaniel Boteler usebenzisa izixhumi ukuxhuma amapayipi emakhoneni, athi “kulula kunokwenza ama-degree angu-45 kusaha” futhi kuphumela ekuqedeni okungcono. Ukushintshwa kubushelelezi ngoba kuyi-weld eqondile kunokuba yi-fillet weld. Njengoba eneminyaka engu-20 yesipiliyoni ekwakheni insimbi, uBoteler uthi angathanda ukusebenzisa amapayipi ensimbi abunjiwe futhi.
Imilenze yetafula eyisicaba ihlotshiswe ngesihlabathi ukuze ibonakale inombala wayo wokuqala. U-Albers usebenzisa upende ne-beeswax ukudala isiphetho sensimbi "esingangeni zinhlamvu" azixuba ngaso. Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi kungani enze konke okusemandleni akhe ukuthola ukuma kweshubhu okulungile, u-Ebers wachaza: “Konke kumayelana nezinto ezicashile. Abantu abaningi bazobona ukuthi bayayithanda, kodwa abazi ngempela. Ngani, ngaphandle kokuthi iqondakala kalula.” “Kusha emehlweni – umuntu ongaphansi kwengqondo cishe uyazi ukuthi kusha. Bayazi ukuthi akubukeki njengetafula lepikiniki epaki,” kusho yena.
Kusukela eTokyo kuya eTopeka, i-Timeless iletha amapayipi njalo emhlabeni jikelele, kanti iNyakatho Melika iyimakethe yayo enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni jikelele. I-Macmillan yafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi amakhasimende awakwazi ukuthola ukuma, usayizi, noma ikhwalithi efanayo kwenye indawo.
“Kusobala ukuthi izindleko zokuthumela zidinga ukucatshangelwa, kodwa uma ikhwalithi ibaluleke kakhulu, iyakufanelekela intengo,” kusho yena.
Ngaphezu kwezingcezu zesimanje njengethebula le-Synergigi, i-Timeless iphinde yabona ukuvela kabusha kwezimo zendabuko. Abaklami benkampani bavame ukucelwa ukuthi bakhiqize kabusha noma bavuselele umsebenzi wensimbi wakudala. Cishe njengezithombe eziqoshiwe, ama-oval abo asontekile kanye namashubhu asikwele ayisikhumbuza ifenisha ejikelezayo yekhulu le-17.
“Amapayipi ethu asontekile asetshenziswe kwezobuciko, ekubumbeni nasekukhanyiseni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, kanye nasezindongeni ezenziwe ngokwezifiso,” kusho uMcMillan. “Ngikholwa ukuthi enkathini yokukhiqiza amarobhothi, abantu bafuna ukubona ubuciko. Abaculi nabaklami bayaqonda ukuthi bangawasebenzisa amapayipi ethu ukuthuthukisa amaphrojekthi abo.”
Ngaphezu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zokwakha nezokuhlobisa, kukhona amanye amathuba alindelekile. Kunoma yiliphi idolobha noma idolobha lapho umphakathi usebenzisa khona ingqalasizinda, uMcMillan ucabanga ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza zingangeza ubuchwepheshe ukuze zithathe indawo yezinto ezivamile noma ezingakhangi.
“Ngithanda umqondo wokusebenzisa imibhobho yomoya ukufihla ngobuhlakani imibhobho yomoya engathandeki noma ukwenza isitayela sezitebhisi ezisebenzayo,” kusho yena. “Sikholelwa ukuthi ngokombono wobuhle, we-ergonomic, futhi ngezinye izikhathi wesakhiwo, izingxenye zamapayipi ezibunjwe futhi zakhiqizwa ziyindlela engcono kakhulu yokushintsha amapayipi ajwayelekile ayindilinga.”
I-Tube & Pipe Journal 于1990 年成為第一本致力于為金属管材行业服务的杂志. Ijenali Ye-Tube & Pipe kusukela ngo-1990 Ijenali ye-Tube & Pipe стал первым журналом, посвященным индустрии металлических труб в 1990 году. I-Tube & Pipe Journal yaba umagazini wokuqala ozinikele embonini yamapayipi ensimbi ngo-1990.Namuhla, isalokhu iyincwadi yodwa embonini eNyakatho Melika futhi isibe umthombo wolwazi othembeke kakhulu kochwepheshe bamapayipi.
Manje ngokufinyelela okugcwele kuhlelo lwedijithali lwe-FABRICATOR, ukufinyelela okulula ezinsizeni ezibalulekile zemboni.
Uhlelo lwedijithali lwe-The Tube & Pipe Journal seluyatholakala ngokugcwele manje, lunikeza ukufinyelela okulula ezinsizeni ezibalulekile zemboni.
Thola ukufinyelela okugcwele kwedijithali ku-STAMPING Journal, equkethe ubuchwepheshe bamuva, imikhuba emihle kanye nezindaba zemboni zemakethe yokunyathela insimbi.
Manje ngokufinyelela okugcwele kwedijithali ku-The Fabricator ngesi-Spanish, unokufinyelela okulula ezinsizeni ezibalulekile zemboni.