Nyumba zamalonda nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamitundu iwiri: yamakona anayi ndi yosangalatsa. Ngati nyumba zamakona anayi sizinamangidwe zazitali ndipo zimapereka mawonekedwe okongola, sizipereka chilichonse koma ntchito yothandiza komanso mwina magwiridwe antchito osayerekezeka.
Komabe, akatswiri ambiri omanga nyumba amatsutsa chiphunzitso cha miyambo mwa kupeza malingaliro omanga omwe amakopa maso ndi maso ndipo nthawi zina amadabwitsa. Sikokomeza kunena kuti nthawi zina mawonekedwe ochokera mnyumbamo ndi odabwitsa monga momwe mawonekedwe ochokera mnyumbamo amaonekera.
Nyumba Yosungiramo Zinthu Zakale ya Solomon R. Guggenheim (New York) yopangidwa ndi Frank Lloyd Wright yakhazikitsidwa pa zinthu zingapo zozungulira, ndi Zurich Insurance Group North American Headquarters Building (Schaumburg, Illinois) yopangidwa ndi Goettsch Partners. Zinthuzo kwenikweni ndi zamakona anayi. Zosonkhanitsidwa pamodzi mwanjira yosaiwalika. Akatswiri omanga nyumba monga Frank Gehry achita khama kwambiri kuti apewe kuganiza zachikhalidwe ndikupanga zithunzi zopanda mawonekedwe odziwika bwino kapena zodziwikiratu, monga Walt Disney Concert Hall (Los Angeles) kapena Guggenheim Museum Bilbao (Bilbao, Spain).
Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani opanga mapulani akamatsutsa mawonekedwe a zipangizo ndi zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m’nyumbazi, n’kusintha mawonekedwe achizolowezi kukhala achikhalidwe? Ma handrail, ma ventilation, ndi zogwirira zitseko ndi zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku zomwe zimatithandiza kuona bwino nyumba kapena mkhalidwe winawake, ngakhale sitikudziwa. Umenewo ndi cholinga cha kampani yaku England ya Timeless Tube yochokera ku Poole, yomwe kumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1980 inasintha dziko la machubu pang’ono mwa kupanga chubu choyamba chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chozungulira padziko lonse lapansi. Kuyambira pamenepo, Timeless yapitiriza kupanga zinthu zatsopano zogwirira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zonse motsogozedwa ndi mawu ake akuti: “Kapangidwe ka Machubu Achitsulo Chokongola”.
Masomphenya a kampaniyo ndi kupanga dziko lapansi kukhala malo abwino. Pachifukwa ichi, mapaipi achitsulo opangidwa ndi chitsulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amasintha nyumba wamba kukhala zinthu zowoneka bwino.
"Tinapeza chilimbikitso kuchokera kwa katswiri wopanga mafakitale waku America Charles Eames, yemwe anati, "Zambiri si tsatanetsatane. Ndi mapulani," adatero Tom McMillan, manejala wamkulu komanso injiniya wamkulu.
“Mzimu umenewu umakhudza ntchito zathu zonse,” iye anapitiriza. “Tikufuna kuthandiza pakupanga bwino mapaipi athu, kaya ndi zomangamanga, mipando, kapena china chilichonse chamakina.”
Timeless Tube ili ndi zaka zoposa zitatu zokumana nazo popanga mapangidwe a handrails apadera. Chopangidwa chake choyambirira, machubu ozungulira ndi zolumikizira zapadera zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zogwirira mabwato. Chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chopukutidwa cha 316L kuti chipirire nyengo yovuta ya m'nyanja, chinthu chatsopanochi chidagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndi akatswiri omanga nyumba zapamadzi padziko lonse lapansi. Mawonekedwe okongola a oval sikuti ndi okongola kokha kuposa chubu chozungulira, komanso ali ndi ubwino wotetezeka chifukwa sichimaterera kwambiri chikagwidwa ndi ogwira ntchito ndi okwera.
“Mabwato apamwamba amakhudza kwambiri tsatanetsatane,” anatero McMillan. “Mapangidwe ake amayang'ana kwambiri ubwino wabwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta. Mapaipi athu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi omanga mabwato otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Akatswiri opanga mabwato ndi osankha kwambiri - sasintha tsatanetsatane. Machubu athu ozungulira ndi olimba, ndipo pachifukwa chomveka.”
Komabe, Timeless ikufuna kupanga mawonekedwe atsopano bola ngati akupereka ubwino kuposa machubu ozungulira ndikupereka maubwino omveka bwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Posachedwapa kampaniyo idapanga mtundu watsopano wa chubu chogwirira ntchito cha maboti apamwamba: machubu ozungulira a sikweya. Mawonekedwe olimba komanso okonzedwa bwino awa ndi olimba koma ali ndi zotuluka zazing'ono kotero kuti satuluka kwambiri. Dzanja limagwirizana bwino ndi mawonekedwewo, m'mbali mwake muli zokhota pang'ono.
Chitolirochi sichiyenera kukhala chachitali kwambiri kuti chikhale chokongola. Chida chopumulira chachifupi ichi pa bwato laling'ono chimawoneka chokongola.
Mainjiniya osatha apanga mapaipi asanu ndi limodzi apadera, kuphatikizapo mapaipi awiri opindika. Zinthu zambiri za kampaniyo zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304L ndi 316L, koma mainjiniya amagwiritsanso ntchito aluminiyamu, titaniyamu ndi mkuwa. Aloyi yokhayo yomwe sagwiritsa ntchito ndi chitsulo chofewa chifukwa sichimalimbana ndi dzimbiri ndipo motero imaipitsa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
“Kuphatikiza apo, mapulogalamu ambiri omwe timapereka ndi aukadaulo wapamwamba, kaya ndi okongoletsa, opangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake, kapena opangidwa ndi makina,” anatero McMillan. “Chitsulo chofewa chingakhale chotsika mtengo, koma chili ndi zoletsa zake pa mapulogalamu omwe tikugwira ntchito.”
Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti Timeless imachepetsa ntchito yake pa mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yoyambira iyi. Pulojekiti yaposachedwa ya bwalo lamasewera idapatsa mainjiniya a kampaniyo mwayi wowonetsa luso lawo komanso luso lawo.
Mu 2019, Timeless inakhazikitsa zogwirira za m'misewu pamwamba pa bwalo la mpira wotchuka wa English Premier League. Njira yoyendera anthu imapatsa mawonekedwe okongola a North London a mamita 130 ndipo anthu amatha kuyenda pamapulatifomu otseguka pomangirira zingwe zachitetezo ndikupereka chitetezo chowonjezera ndi zitsulo zolimba.
Koma kupeza chogwirira chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ichi kunakhala kovuta kwa akatswiri omanga nyumba chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osazolowereka: chinayenera kukhala chachikulu mokwanira kuti chigwirizane ndi gawo la bokosi lachitsulo lomwe limalumikiza mbali za ukonde wachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ku njira yolowera galasi. Amafunikira chubu chopangidwa mwapadera chomwe chinali chokongola, chozungulira m'malo mopingasa, komanso chokhala ndi malo odulidwa ndi laser pansi.
Akatswiri a zomangamanga pamapeto pake adapeza Timeless Tube, yomwe idapereka yankho la chubu chosalala, chozungulira chokhala ndi mizere yoyera komanso yozungulira. Ichi ndi mawonekedwe a tubular omwe mainjiniya ochepa amapanga, koma ali ndi ubwino wosiyana ndi machubu ozungulira. "Ichi ndi mawonekedwe athu amphamvu kwambiri a tubular," adatero McMillan. "Ndi chothandiza kwambiri ngati pakufunika kupanga kwina chifukwa n'kosavuta kusungunula kuzinthu zina monga ma spindles ndi magalasi kapena zida zamagalimoto chifukwa cha mbali zake zosalala," adatero.
Pofuna kuphimba zigawo zachitsulo, akatswiri omanga nyumba amafuna kuti chitolirochi chikhale chachikulu kwambiri kuposa chomwe chilipo pakadali pano. Timeless ndi kampani yaying'ono komanso yosinthasintha yomwe siyenera kuthana ndi ntchito zazikulu komanso kupanga zinthu zambiri, kotero imatha kuyika nthawi ndi khama popanga ma prototyping ndi kukula kwapadera kwa makasitomala ake.
Popanga miyeso yatsopano, Timeless nthawi zonse siingakwaniritse miyeso yeniyeni yomwe makasitomala akufuna chifukwa miyeso imeneyi siingabweretse mapaipi okhala ndi kapangidwe kake, kapena chitolirocho sichingagwirizane ndi mawonekedwe omwe akufuna. Pambuyo posintha ubale pakati pa kuzunguliridwa ndi kuphwanyika, Timeless idapanga chubu cha mainchesi 7.67 ndi 3.3 (195 ndi 85 mm) chokhala ndi makulidwe a khoma la mainchesi 0.118 (3 mm). Kukula kwake kwakutali ndi 0.40″ (10mm) yokha yocheperako kuposa momwe idalembedwera poyamba.
“Timapanga machubu athu mwa kujambula machubu ozungulira okhala ndi utali wofanana pakupanga mipukutu,” akutero Macmillan. “Njira yopangira chubu ndi mtundu wa luso. Sitimadzipeza tokha “tikuphwanya” chubucho. Tikangokhazikitsa kukula komwe tikudziwa kuti kumagwira ntchito, timakonza makonda onse kuti tithe kubwerezabwereza Kukula kumeneku. Koma ndi kukula kwatsopano… chabwino, sitidziwa momwe kudzatikhudzira. Zitsulo zosiyanasiyana zimapereka zotsatira zosiyana. Zimafunika kuyesa.”
Chitoliro chosatha sichiyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chishango chokongoletsera nyumba zomangidwa, chifukwa chimakhala cholimba kale.
Mitundu ya zinthu za Timeless Tube ili ndi mawonekedwe asanu ndi limodzi: oval yosalala, oval, oval yopotoka, ozungulira ozungulira, sikweya yozungulira, ndi mainchesi D. 2) ndi zina zambiri.
“Ku UK, tili ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakupanga zitsulo ndi zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe timatsatira mokwanira,” akutero Macmillan. “Tinachita mayeso akuluakulu opatuka, kutsimikizira kuti chubu chozungulira chathyathyathyachi chili ndi mphamvu ndi 54 peresenti kuposa chubu chozungulira chokhazikika. Koma kwenikweni, zitsulozi sizitsulo zogwirira ntchito kwenikweni, koma “zitsulo zogwirira thupi” zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kupumula,” akutero.
Ntchito ya Timeless yawonekera m'nyumba ndi nyumba zingapo zodziwika bwino, kuphatikizapo zogwirira ntchito za mlatho wodziwika bwino wa Foster + Partners (womwe umadziwikanso kuti Millennium Bridge) ndi siteshoni ya sitima yapamadzi yamtsogolo mkati mwa Canary Wharf ku London. Ron Arad analoza ku ma chimney oval a Timeless omwe ali mu atrium ya Tel Aviv Opera House yolemekezeka, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchulidwa m'mabuku omanga nyumba.
“Sizikumveka kupanga nyumba zokongola ngati zimenezi kenako n’kuzimaliza ndi mapaipi ozungulira okhazikika,” iye anatero. “Ndikuganiza kuti akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito zomangamanga amamvetsa izi ndipo ndichifukwa chake tili ndi makasitomala ochokera kumayiko ena.”
Mu Epulo 2020, Gigi Albers, mwini wa Synergigi, wopanga mapangidwe amkati wokhala ku Montana, adagula chitoliro chozungulira cha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 316L ndi zolumikizira 8 kuchokera ku Timeless kuti azigwiritsa ntchito ngati miyendo ya tebulo la khofi.
Mu kalembedwe kamene Elbers akufotokoza kuti ndi "kuphatikiza kwachilengedwe ndi geometric," dongosololi limaphatikizapo ma countertops awiri okongola osafanana - limodzi lopangidwa ndi mtedza wakuda ndi lina lopangidwa ndi mtengo woyera wa oak - lomangidwa mu mawonekedwe a U osalekeza pa zomangira zozungulira zolumikizidwa. Elbers ayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti makapeti owonda a makasitomala ake sakuphimbidwa ndi miyendo yokhuthala ya tebulo. Amafunikira mapaipi okongola komanso osawoneka bwino kuti kapetiyo iwonekere bwino momwe angathere. Anaitanitsa zitsanzo kuchokera ku Timeless kuti atsimikizire kuti ali ndi kukula koyenera kwa chubu.
Wopanga zitsulo zamatabwa, Daniel Boteler, amagwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira polumikiza mapaipi pamakona, zomwe akunena kuti "n'zosavuta kuposa kupanga madigiri 45 pa sosi" ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino. Solidiyo ndi yosalala chifukwa ndi solidi yowongoka osati solidi yolumikizidwa ndi fillet. Ndi zaka 20 zaukadaulo popanga zitsulo, Boteler akuti akufuna kugwiritsanso ntchito mapaipi achitsulo opangidwa.
Miyendo ya chubu ya tebulo imapakidwa mchenga kuti iwoneke ngati yachilengedwe. Albers amagwiritsa ntchito utoto ndi sera wa njuchi kuti apange mawonekedwe achitsulo "osagonjetseka" omwe amasakaniza. Atafunsidwa chifukwa chake adayesetsa kwambiri kuti apeze mawonekedwe oyenera a chubu, Ebers anafotokoza kuti: "Zonsezi ndi zachinsinsi. Anthu ambiri adzazindikira kuti amakonda, koma sakudziwa kwenikweni. Chifukwa chake, pokhapokha ngati ali ndi chidziwitso chapadera." "Ndi chatsopano m'maso - munthu wosazindikira mwina amadziwa kuti ndi chatsopano. Amadziwa kuti sichikuwoneka ngati tebulo la pikiniki m'paki," adatero.
Kuchokera ku Tokyo mpaka ku Topeka, Timeless imapereka mapaipi nthawi zonse padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo North America ndiye msika waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Macmillan adatsimikiza kuti makasitomala sangapeze mawonekedwe, kukula, kapena mtundu womwewo kwina kulikonse.
"Mwachionekere ndalama zotumizira ziyenera kuganiziridwa, koma ngati khalidwe ndilofunika kwambiri, ndiye kuti mtengo wake ndi wofunika kwambiri," adatero.
Kuwonjezera pa zinthu zamakono monga tebulo la Synergigi, Timeless yawonanso kubwereranso kwa mawonekedwe achikhalidwe. Opanga mapulani a kampaniyo nthawi zambiri amapemphedwa kuti abwerezenso kapena kubwezeretsa zitsulo zakale. Pafupifupi zogoba, mawonekedwe awo ozungulira ndi machubu ozungulira amakumbutsa mipando yozungulira ya m'zaka za zana la 17.
“Machubu athu opindika akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito pa zaluso, ziboliboli ndi magetsi apamwamba, komanso ma balustrade apadera,” akutero McMillan. “Ndikukhulupirira kuti munthawi yopanga ma robotic, anthu amafuna kuona luso laukadaulo. Ojambula ndi opanga mapulani akumvetsa kuti angagwiritse ntchito machubu athu kuti akonze mapulojekiti awo.”
Kuwonjezera pa ntchito zomanga ndi zokongoletsera, palinso mwayi wina woti uchitike. Mu mzinda uliwonse kapena madera omwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga, McMillan akuganiza kuti mapulogalamu amatha kuwonjezera luso m'malo mwa zinthu wamba kapena zosasangalatsa.
"Ndimakonda lingaliro logwiritsa ntchito njira zopumira mpweya kuti ndibise ma venti osakongola kapena kukonza masitepe ogwira ntchito," akutero. "Timakhulupirira kuti malinga ndi mawonekedwe okongola, okhazikika, komanso nthawi zina kapangidwe kake, magawo a mapaipi omwe adapangidwa ndi kupangidwa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri m'malo mwa mapaipi wamba ozungulira."
Tube & Pipe Journal 于1990 年成為第一本致力于為金属管材行业服务的杂志. Tube & Pipe Journal 1990 Nkhani ya Tube & Pipe inalembedwa m'chaka cha 1990 cha 1990. Magazini ya Tube & Pipe Journal inakhala magazini yoyamba yodzipereka ku makampani opanga mapaipi achitsulo mu 1990.Masiku ano, ikadali buku lokhalo lofalitsidwa m'makampani ku North America ndipo lakhala gwero lodalirika kwambiri la chidziwitso kwa akatswiri a mapaipi.
Tsopano popeza muli ndi mwayi wopeza zonse zokhudza buku la digito la The FABRICATOR, mutha kupeza mosavuta zinthu zofunika kwambiri m'makampani.
Magazini ya digito ya The Tube & Pipe Journal tsopano ikupezeka mosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zofunika kwambiri m'makampani zipezeke mosavuta.
Pezani mwayi wokwanira wa digito ku STAMPING Journal, yokhala ndi ukadaulo waposachedwa, njira zabwino kwambiri komanso nkhani zamakampani pamsika woponda zitsulo.
Tsopano popeza muli ndi mwayi wopeza zinthu zonse za digito ku The Fabricator en Español, mutha kupeza mosavuta zinthu zamtengo wapatali zamakampani.