Gukwirakwiza hydrogen mu byuma mu bushyuhe bwinshi ni ingingo y'ingenzi kuri sisitemu ya tritium n'imodoka zikoresha hydrogen. Kwigisha gukwirakwiza mu bikoresho bya kaminuza bigira akamaro mu bunararibonye bwabyo ku bipimo bya osmotic. Hashyizweho igerageza ryo kwerekana uburyo hydrogen yinjira mu muyoboro w'icyuma kidashonga. Intego y'iki gikorwa kwari ukumenya uburyo ibisubizo by'iki gikorwa bihuye neza n'agaciro k'inyandiko zigaragaza ingano y'ikwirakwizwa ry'amashanyarazi n'igabanuka rya hydrogen mu byuma bidashonga. Hydrogen na argon byavanzwe mu kigega gishyushye kirimo umuyoboro wa 316 uvanze n'icyuma kidashonga. Gazi ya pure argon purge yanyujijwe muri uyu muyoboro mu gice cy'igerageza aho ibice by'imvange by'ubwoko bwa gazi byanditswe. Gushyira icyitegererezo cy'impinduka mu bushakashatsi ku makuru y'igerageza byatanze ingano y'ikwirakwizwa ry'amashanyarazi n'igabanuka rya hydrogen mu byuma bidashonga. Ibizamini byakozwe ku gitutu cy'akazi cya hydrogen kuva kuri 0.01 kugeza kuri 0.5 atm. n'ubushyuhe kuva kuri 700 kugeza kuri 783 K. Icyitegererezo cy'imvange gihuye neza n'imiterere y'amakuru y'ikwirakwizwa ry'amashanyarazi. Agaciro kagaragaye ku gukwirakwira no gushonga kwa hydrogen mu byuma bitazangiza biva muri ibyo binyabutabire bisa n'agaciro k'inyandiko hamwe n'itandukaniro rimwe na rimwe. Iri tandukaniro rishobora gusobanurwa n'ibintu bizwi. Ibisubizo by'ubu buryo bw'igerageza bisa cyane n'agaciro kasohotse mu gukwirakwira no gushonga, bituma igerageza rishobora gukoreshwa nk'imfashanyigisho yo kwigisha. Ubu buryo bushobora kongerwa ku bindi bikoresho mu bushakashatsi cyangwa mu kwerekana.
Gahunda y’Ubuforomo ya SUU yateguwe mu buryo bw’ibanze bw’inyigisho zishingiye ku munyeshuri. Abanyeshuri bitabiriye neza gahunda yo kwiga, ariko nk’itsinda ntibashoboye kubona ubumenyi bwite bushingiye ku bintu bikenewe kugira ngo batsinde muri NCLEX. Abanyeshuri biga amasomo y’ubuforomo batitaye ku makuru y’ukuri. Ibikorwa byo kwigira mu matsinda ntibihagije kugira ngo hagaragazwe ubumenyi bw’abanyeshuri ku giti cyabo. Gusesengura intsinzi y’abanyeshuri binyuze mu bizamini bisanzwe bitera inkunga Ishuri ry’Ubuforomo gusuzuma impinduka mu myigire. Ibintu by’ingenzi bigize inyigisho z’iterambere ry’ubumenyi bw’ibanze bitanga ubumenyi ku mpinduka nziza mu myigire zagenze neza ku banyeshuri barangije. Iki kiganiro kigaragaza uko amakuru ajyanye n’ibizamini bisanzwe bikoreshwa muri gahunda y’ubuvuzi ndetse n’ibyavuye muri NCLEX. Iki kiganiro gitanga inkunga ku murimo wo guteza imbere ibitekerezo by’inyigisho z’iterambere ry’ubumenyi bw’ibanze n’ikoreshwa ryabyo mu burezi bw’ubuforomo. Ingero nyinshi z’inyigisho z’ubuforomo zigerageza gushyiraho urufatiro rw’integanyanyigisho y’ubuforomo. Ivugurura ry’inyigisho mu Ishami ry’Ubuforomo rya SUU rijyanye n’inyigisho z’iterambere ry’ubumenyi bw’ibanze, kandi umusaruro w’imyigire y’abanyeshuri uhoraho ushyigikira iki gitekerezo.
Daphne Solomon, DNP, FNP-C Diane Fuller*, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, Debra Whipple*, DNP, FNP-BC, Ana Sanchez-Birkhead, PhD, WHNP-BC Ishami ry'Ubuforomo
Kanseri y'ibere itera ububabare (IBCC) ni yo kanseri y'ibere ikaze cyane kandi yica cyane. IBC yigeze kuba indwara yica abantu bose, ariko muri iki gihe imyaka 5 yo kubaho ni 30-40% (Bond, Connoly, & Asci, 2010). IBC yigeze kuba indwara yica abantu bose, ariko muri iki gihe igipimo cyo kubaho imyaka 5 ni 30-40% (Bond, Connoly, & Asci, 2010). Когда-то ИБК был смертельно опасным заболеванием, но сегодня 5-летняя выживаемость соверляет 30-40% (Bond, Connoly, & Asci, 2010). IB yigeze kuba indwara yica, ariko muri iki gihe igipimo cyo kubaho imyaka 5 ni 30-40% (Bond, Connoly, & Asci, 2010). Когда-то ИБК был смертельно опасным заболеванием, но сегодня 5-летняя выживаемость соверляет 30-40% (Bond, Connoly & Asci, 2010). IB yigeze kuba indwara yica, ariko muri iki gihe igipimo cyo kubaho imyaka 5 ni 30-40% (Bond, Connoly & Asci, 2010).IBC ingana na 1% kugeza kuri 6% by'indwara zose za kanseri y'ibere. Gukunda kugaragara ni ikintu kidasanzwe kuri muganga no ku murwayi (Molckovsky et al., 2009). Abarwayi benshi babanza kubonana na muganga wabo w'ibanze (PCP). IBC ikunze kwitwa cellulitis y'ibere cyangwa mastite. Inyinshi mu nyandiko zivuga kuri IB zisohoka mu binyamakuru bya kanseri. Ntibikunze kugaragara mu binyamakuru by'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze, iby'abagore, cyangwa iby'ubuvuzi bw'imbere. Isuzuma ry'ibitabo by'ubuvuzi n'indwara zanduza ryagaragaje ko hari amakuru make ku banyeshuri biga ubuganga. Intego y'uyu mushinga ni ukunoza ubumenyi bw'abarwayi n'abatanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi ku bimenyetso, ibimenyetso, ibipimo byo gusuzuma, n'amabwiriza ajyanye na IBC.
Uburyo bwo Kwizera ku Buzima (HBM) ni bwo shingiro ry’iyi gahunda. Binyuze mu burezi bw’abarwayi ba PCP na IBC, kumenya no gusuzuma iyi ndwara hakiri kare bishobora gutuma habaho ubwiyongere bwiza bw’indwara.
Alyssa Simon Beveridge, Madison Rae, Jessica Brown, Emily Clendening, Sierra Gish, Nika Clark*, Cynthia Wright, Ph.D.* Ishami ry'Ubuhinzi n'Ubumenyi bw'Ibiribwa
Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara cyatangaje ko 35.9% by'abantu bakuru bo muri Amerika bafite umubyibuho ukabije, 8.9% bakaba batararwara diyabete, naho 8.3% bakaba bafite diyabete.
Intego y'uyu mushinga kwari ukumenya niba hari isano iri hagati y'ibinure byo mu mubiri n'isukari yo mu maraso iri hejuru n'ibindi bifitanye isano n'ubuzima mu banyeshuri, abarimu n'abakozi bo muri Kaminuza ya Southern Utah. Icyitegererezo cy'abantu 384 cyatanzwe mu baturage ba kaminuza. Abitabiriye ubushakashatsi bujuje ibisabwa na IRB maze bahabwa ibipimo bitatu: umuzenguruko w'ikibuno, ibinure byo mu mubiri, na A1c (ikimenyetso cy'ibyago byo kurwara diyabete).
Hafi 5 ku ijana by'abitabiriye amahugurwa bari bafite ibiro bike, 26 ku ijana bari bafite ibiro bikabije, naho 14 ku ijana bari bafite umubyibuho ukabije. Ibisubizo bijyanye n'ijanisha ry'ibinure mu mubiri byagaragaje ko uko ibinure mu mubiri byiyongeraga, urugero rwa A1c, umuzenguruko w'ikibuno n'imyaka byariyongereye. Abitabiriye amahugurwa bashakanye nabo bari bafite igipimo kinini cy'ibinure mu mubiri.
Hafi 6% by'abitabiriye ubushakashatsi bari bafite igipimo cya A1c kiri hejuru ya 7 (gifatwa nk'aho kiri hejuru). Igipimo cya A1c kiri hejuru gifitanye isano no kuba umuntu yashakanye ndetse no kutanyurwa n'ibiro n'ubuzima bw'umubiri.
Gukoresha ibikoresho bya polymeri mu gukora microchips bituma inyigo yo gutandukanya microfluidic irushaho kuba ingirakamaro kandi ikora neza. Dukora microchips zubatswe muri poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrates dukoresheje electrodepositioned nickel templates kugira ngo twubake imiyoboro yo gutandukanya. Substrates za PDMS zogejwe na kaseti hanyuma zishyirwa ku rumuri rwa UV mu rwego rwo gusukura plasma polymer. Nyuma yo gusukura, PDMS yongewe ku kirahuri kugira ngo ikore hepfo y'umuyoboro wo gutandukanya. Imiterere ifunguye y'ibi bikoresho bya microfluidic ituma hakorwa isesengura rya poroteyine n'utunyangingo duto hakoreshejwe tekiniki za electrochemical na spectroscopic.
Turimo kwiga ku mikorere ya lipide za phosphatidylserine (PS) mu gihe hari umuringa. PS iboneka mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'ibinyabuzima byinshi kandi igira uruhare mu bikorwa by'ingenzi kandi bitandukanye by'uturemangingo nko kuzura kw'uturemangingo, gufungana kw'uturemangingo, no kwandura indwara. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere bwagaragaje ko iyoni z'umuringa (II) zifatana na PS kandi bwagaragaje ko ibyuma by'umuringa-PS bishobora "guhindura" transmembrane bilayer. Twakoresheje electrophoresis na microfluidics kandi ubu turimo gukoresha reaction ya umuringa kugira ngo tugerageze kwerekana niba koko inversion y'ikintu ibaho.
Ibinyabutabire by’umwimerere bifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya indwara zandura ni inkingi ikomeye mu buvuzi no ku buzima bw’abantu. Ubu bushakashatsi bugamije gushaka uburyo bushya bwo gukora imiti ya antibiyotike uhereye ku bikoresho byoroshye byo gutangira. Kugira ngo iyi ntego igerweho, uburyo bwa photocatalytic [2+2] bwa alkenes na isocyanates mu mucyo ugaragara bwakoreshejwe mu gutegura imiti ya monocyclic lactam. Akazi ka mbere kibanze ku guteza imbere imiterere y’imikorere hagati ya phenylisocyanate na transstilbene. Igerageza riherutse ryibanze ku kongera uburyo photocatalyst ikora binyuze mu kongeramo ingano ya stoichiometric ya oxidative quencher. Mu gusesengura uruvange rw’imyakura irimo oxidating inyongera, havumbuwe ibicuruzwa bishya byinshi. Ubu turimo gukora ku gutandukanya no kugena ibi bicuruzwa bishya.
Taricha granulosa ni salamander isohora tetrodotoxin ya neurotoxin (TTX) mu ruhu rwayo. Salamanders ikoresha tetrodotoxin mu rwego rwo kwirinda inyamaswa ziryana. Byagaragaye ko intanga zikuze, intanga n'intanga za Taricha torosa zirimo TTX. Twifuzaga gupima ingano ya TTX yamenetse na salamanders mu byiciro bitandukanye by'ubuzima bwabo, harimo intanga, intanga (mbere na nyuma yo kugaragara kw'amaguru y'inyuma), na salamanders zikuze. Tuzakoresha gas chromatography ihujwe na mass spectrometry (GCMS) na capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) hamwe na microarray fluorescence detection kugira ngo hamenyekane ingano ya TTX. Intego y'ubushakashatsi bwacu kwari ukwemeza ko capillary zone electrophoresis ari urubuga rukwiye rwo gupima tetrodotoxin. Gukoresha ubu bushakashatsi ni ukureba urwego rw'ibanze rwa tetrodotoxin kugira ngo bifashe ubushakashatsi burambuye.
Mu kwiga uburyo Fischer-Indole ikora neza kandi igaragara neza, habonetse ubundi buryo bushoboka bwo gukora indole na carbazole. Ubu buryo butangwa burimo ishyirwaho ry’ibintu bimwe nk’uko byakozwe muri Fischer. Iyo ubwo buryo buhuye n’inyungu rusange nk’uko byari byitezwe, uburyo butangwa bugomba gutanga umusaruro umwe n’uburyo Fischer ikora. Ibi nibigaragara ko ari ukuri, hazaboneka uburyo bushya bwo gukora imiti.
Uburyo bwo gukora indoles (ndetse na carbazoles) bukubiyemo guhuza imvange za aromatike na amine zigenda zihinduka mu buryo bushya. Gahunda iri hepfo igaragaza uburyo bushya bwo gukora. Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora ubu buryo buzagaragarira mu gukenera intambwe nke kandi zidahenze kandi zoroshye gufata ugereranije n'ubundi buryo bwo gukora. Inyungu ikomeye ishobora kubaho ni uko hydrazine irimo uburozi bwinshi isabwa kugira ngo ukoreshe uburyo bwa Fisher idakenewe.
Iyi reaction yakorewe ubushakashatsi ku buryo butandukanye bwo kuyirwanya, harimo imiti itandukanye ivangavanga, pH zitandukanye, micro-onde n'uburyo busanzwe bwo kuyirwanya, ndetse no gukoresha catalysts zitandukanye.
Iki gisubizo cyarakoreweho ubushakashatsi, ariko ikibabaje ni uko kitaragerwaho. Impamvu yabyo ntiramenyekana. Hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwiyongereyeho kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu iki kibazo kidashoboka kugeza ubu n'uburyo aya makuru yakoreshwa neza.
RJ Corry, Taylor Everett, Cody Hilton, Bruce Smalley, na Chris Monson, Ph.D. *Ishami rya siyansi y'umubiri
Uturemangingo tw’uturemangingo na poroteyine zatwo bigira uruhare runini mu buzima bwa buri munsi kandi ni ingenzi cyane ku biga ubuzima. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi burimo kwibanda ku ruhare rw’izi poroteyine n’uturemangingo ndetse n’imikoranire yabyo mu bushakashatsi bw’imiti n’ubw’inyabutabire. Vuba aha, lipid bilayers zishyigikiwe (SLBs) zakoreshejwe mu gusukura poroteyine z’uturemangingo hakoreshejwe uburyo bwitwa electrophoresis/electroosmotic focusing (EEF). Nubwo ubu buryo bwumvikana neza mu ntangiriro no mu mpera z’itandukana ry’amavuta/poroteyine, imyitwarire y’izi lipide/poroteyine hagati ntabwo yumvikana neza. Turimo kugerageza gukora simulation ya mudasobwa izadufasha kwigana imyitwarire y’amavuta na poroteyine mu byiciro byose byo gutandukana. Ibi bigamije gufasha gusobanukirwa imikoranire ya poroteyine n’amavuta mu bushakashatsi bw’ejo hazaza.
Imine ni ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'ibinyabutabire by'umwimerere birimo amatsinda imikorere ya (CH=N)). Nanone byitwa Schiff bases, bikomoka ku gihangange Schiff cyabikoze mu 1864. Bikorwa binyuze mu mikorere y'ubushyuhe hagati ya aldehydes cyangwa ketones na amines. Imine nyinshi zigaragaza imikorere ikomeye ya biological nko kurwanya bagiteri, kurwanya virusi, no kurwanya kanseri. Intego yacu kwari ugukora imine mishya binyuze mu mikorere ya aldehydes na amines za N-heterocyclic. Izi imine zishobora gukora nk'ibice binini kandi zigakora imiterere y'impeta ifite ibice bitanu ihamye hamwe n'ibyuma bihinduka. Indi ntego y'umushinga wacu ni ugukora imine mishya hamwe n'ibyuma bya d8 (ni ukuvuga nikeli, platine na palladium). Twizere ko platinum ikoze izaba ishusho ya cisplatin irwanya kanseri. Nyuma yo gukora neza, ibyuma bizageragezwa kugira ngo harebwe iki gikorwa gishobora kubaho.
Twakoze imine nshya ya 5-aminouracil na aldehydes eshatu zitandukanye za N-heterocyclic. Amakuru ya 1H-NMR na IR agaragaza ko twakoze imine twifuza. Imirimo irakomeje mu gutandukanya ibicuruzwa byuzuye no gukora ibyuma byabyo. Akamaro k'ingirakamaro ka imine nshya twakoze ni uko irabagirana cyane mu gace k'ubururu bw'urumuri rugaragara.
Alkylamines (RNH2) ni ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'ibintu bikomoka ku binyabuzima, harimo n'ibikomoka ku binyabuzima ndetse n'imiti. Biboneka mu bintu byinshi by'ingenzi nka morphine, dopamine na poroteyine zose. Kubwibyo, gukora alkylamines ni ingenzi cyane mu gukora imiti mishya kandi myiza. Uyu murimo wibanze ku ikoreshwa ry'ibintu bihuza alkylborane mu gukora imigozi ya azote-karubone ya alkylamines. Gukoresha alkenes hifashishijwe borane (BH3) hagakurikiraho oxidation hifashishijwe hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) birazwi cyane. Turatanga igitekerezo cyo gukoresha iyi alkylborane hifashishijwe azote ingana na hydrogen peroxide kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bwo kubona alkylamines ziva muri alkenes. Uburyo bwo guhitamo ahantu harwanya Markovnikov busa na hydroboroxidation. Uburyo bwo kugenzura oxidation hifashishijwe hydroboration bwakozwe neza kuri transstilbene. Imiterere y'igerageza ry'uburyo bwifuzwa iri gukorwa ubu.
Impinduka ziterwa n’ibyuma bihinduka zishobora gukoreshwa mu guhuza imiti, ibikoresho (plastiki), n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Imiterere n’ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bya ligande za fosfini bihujwe n’ibigo by’icyuma bihinduka bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y’ibikomoka kuri katalyst. Ubu bushakashatsi bwibanze ku mikorere y’ibikomoka kuri fosfini bishya ku mikorere mishya iterwa n’ibyuma bihinduka. Trialkylphosphine ligand diethyl tert-butylphosphine yakozwe kandi irindwa nk’umuyoboro wa borane uva kuri phosphore trichloride n’ibikomoka kuri Grignard bihuye ku musaruro wa 66% (intambwe 4). Byagaragaye ko ingaruka za steric n’iza elegitoroniki za Grignard reagents zigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere n’uburyo bwo guhitamo ibikorwa by’intambwe eshatu byo kongeramo phosphore (III) centers. Akazi k’ejo hazaza kazibanda ku guteza imbere uburyo rusange bwo gutegura ibikomoka kuri trialkylphosphine borane byifuzwa biva kuri phosphore trichloride mu musaruro mwinshi.
Turimo gutegura uburyo bushya bwo gukora ibikoresho bya microfluidic dukoresheje insinga z'icyuma nk'ingero. Ibikoresho bya microfluidic bikunze gukoreshwa mu bizamini by'ubuvuzi n'ibindi bipimo bisanzwe, ariko ibiciro byo gupima ibintu binini bigabanya ikoreshwa ryabyo mu bintu bidakoresha uburyo bwinshi nko mu buhanga bw'ibinyabuzima. Uburyo bwacu bukoresha ibikoresho bihendutse (Mg wire, PDMS na HCl) kugira ngo twubake ibikoresho bya microfluidic. Turimo kugerageza imikorere y'igikoresho cyacu cya microfluidic kandi twizeye gutangira kugerageza uburyo bwa organic no guteza imbere ibindi bintu hamwe n'igikoresho cyacu cya microfluidic vuba.
Jacob Anderson, Russell Grimshaw, Adam Hendrickson, Allen Hamekki, Jeremy Leonard na Roger Greener* Ishami ry’Ubwubatsi n’Ikoranabuhanga
Kuva aho byatangiriye gukorwa, imashini zicapa za 3D zagiye zihenda cyane kuzigura no kuzikoresha. Habayeho iterambere rikomeye mu bijyanye n'imashini zicapa za 3D mu myaka mike ishize, bigatuma ikiguzi cyo kuzigura kigabanuka. Binatanga imiterere itandukanye. Tubona ko iterambere ry'imashini zicapa za 3D rikomeje kwiyongera nk'amahirwe yo gusuzuma imishinga iri gukorwa no kwiyubakira imashini zicapa za 3D. Iyi mashini icapa ya 3D ntabwo ihendutse gusa, ahubwo inahuza imiterere myiza n'iyo twihangiye ubwacu.
Inganda z’amagare yo mu misozi zigenda zikura buri mwaka kandi hamwe n’iri terambere, hakenewe ikoranabuhanga rishya. Amagare yo mu misozi ari ku isonga mu guhanga udushya mu mbaraga z’ibikoresho, ibice byoroheje, imiterere y’inyuma y’amagare n’imikorere yo kuyihagarika.
Jye na Scott Hansen twatangiye gukora uruziga rushya rw'amagare yo mu misozi yo hasi rufite uburyo bwo kuyihagarika no kuyitwara neza. Igishushanyo mbonera gikoresha uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyisukura buzunguruka kamera ebyiri kugira ngo butware uruziga rw'inyuma mu gihe uruziga rw'inyuma ruzamuka runamanuka santimetero 20 z'urugendo. Ubu buryo bwo kuyisukura butuma icyuma cyo inyuma gishyirwa hasi uko bishoboka kose mu ruziga, bigatuma imbaraga za rukuruzi ziba nke cyane kandi zigakora neza. Igishushanyo mbonera nikimara kurangira, tuzatangira kubaka uruziga rw'icyitegererezo rufite imiyoboro ya chrome. Uruziga nirumara kurangira, igare rizateranywa mu bice byatanzwe cyangwa byaguzwe byoroheje bya aluminiyumu na fibre ya karuboni. Intego nyamukuru ni ugukora igare ryo mu misozi ryo hasi riramba, ryoroshye kandi rikora neza nk'iryo ryasiganwaga ku gikombe cy'isi cya UCI Downhill.
Caitlin Torgersen, Erin Carter, Cynthia Wright, Ph.D.* na Nika Clark* Ishami ry’Ubuhinzi n’Ubumenyi bw’Ibiribwa
Indwara ya Metabolic syndrome isobanura itsinda ry'ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, cyangwa indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi. Ibi bintu birimo umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, isukari nyinshi mu maraso yihuta, kwiyongera k'umuzenguruko w'ikibuno, n'urugero rudasanzwe rwa cholesterol. Indwara ya Metabolic syndrome ibaho iyo indwara eshatu cyangwa zirenze ziba zihari icyarimwe. Nk'uko bivugwa n'Ishyirahamwe ry'Umutima ry'Abanyamerika, 35% by'abantu bakuru b'Abanyamerika bafite indwara ya metabolic syndrome (Association, 2011). Ubu bushakashatsi bwasuzumye abarimu n'abashakanye ba Kaminuza ya Southern Utah (SUU) ku bijyanye n'uko hari cyangwa ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya metabolic syndrome (harimo ibintu bitatu bishobora gutera ibyago) cyangwa ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya metabolic syndrome (harimo ibintu bibiri bishobora gutera ibyago). Ku bufatanye na gahunda y'ubuzima ya SUU T-fit, abantu 189 bitabiriye ubushakashatsi barapimwe. Abarenga 33% by'abitabiriye ubushakashatsi bari bafite indwara ya metabolic syndrome, naho abandi 21.7% bari mu kaga ko kurwara indwara ya metabolic syndrome, nk'uko bigaragazwa n'uko hari ibintu bibiri bishobora gutera ibyago. Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe kugira ngo harebwe ibintu by'imibereho bishobora kugira uruhare mu iterambere rya metabolic syndrome. SPSS 21.0 yakoreshejwe mu gusesengura amakuru agaragaza ko hari ibintu byinshi by'imibereho byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya metabolic syndrome.
Kaylie Briggs, Samantha Hirschi, Sarah Miller, Kylie Stringham, Artis Grady, Ph.D.*, Matthew Schmidt, Ph.D.* Ishami ry’Ubuhinzi n’Ubumenyi bw’Ibiribwa
Kurya ibinure byinshi mu mirire y'umunyamerika usanzwe ni ikibazo gikomeje kugaragara mu muryango w’abashinzwe imirire. Mu kugabanya ibinure muri rusange, iterambere ryiza ry’indyo ifite ibinure bike rishobora gukorwa n’abaturage muri rusange rishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye mu kurwanya indwara z’umutima n’umubyibuho ukabije. Abashakashatsi bagerageje ibintu bitandukanye bisanzwe (pome puree, yawurute, puree y’ibishyimbo, nibindi) bikoreshwa nk’ibisigazwa by’ibinure kugira ngo hakorwe desert enye zifite ibinure bike mu buryo buzwi. Ibinure bike kuri 56-73% ugereranyije n’uburyo bwa mbere. Abitabiriye amahugurwa 56, bafite imyaka 18 kugeza 31, abagore 37 n’abagabo 19, banyoye buri desert maze bakora isuzuma rigufi ry’umusaruro. Amanota y’impuzandengo y’uko ibiryo byemerwa ku gipimo cya 7 (kuva kuri 1 idakunze cyane kugeza kuri 7 ikunda cyane) yari 4.83 (keke), 5.20 (keke z’inyama z’umuhondo), 5.45 (keke z’ibirungo), na 5.49 (keke z’ishokoleti). Nyuma yo kubwirwa ko ibiryo biri mu mavuta make, ijanisha ry’abitabiriye inama ryagaragaje ko ibiryo byemewe ni: ibisuguti bya shokora (96%), ibisuguti bya oatmeal (93%), ibisuguti by’ibirungo (75%), na brownies (64%). ). Ubwo abitabiriye inama babazwaga ibintu bisanzwe bishobora gusimbura ibinure mu biryo bitetse, abitabiriye inama nta bumenyi bari bafite. Bagaragaje neza ko hari amahirwe yo gukoresha isosi y’amapera na yawurute, ariko batanze igitekerezo kitari cyo ku bisimbura isukari, amata, margarine, ifu y’ibinyampeke, n’isukari y’umukara. Nubwo aba baturage bahawe ibiryo bifite ibinure bike byageragejwe, bashobora kungukirwa no kwiga ku bisuguti bikwiye n’uburyo bwo kubikoresha mu mafunguro nk’ingamba zo kugabanya ibinure.
Eric Carter, Aubrey Lyman, Robert Miguel, Ryland Morrill, Kashaana Renfro, Dallen Whitney, na Cynthia Wright, Ph.D.* Ishami ry’Ubuhinzi n’Ubumenyi bw’Ibiribwa
Osteoporose ni indwara ikunze kugaragara aho amagufwa menshi avunika. Ikunze kugaragara cyane mu ruti rw'umugongo, mu kibuno, cyangwa mu kuboko kandi ishobora gutera imvune zikomeye cyangwa urupfu. Ubusanzwe indwara ya osteoporose muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bushobora kwiyongera kuva kuri miliyoni 10 bukagera kuri miliyoni 14 mu 2012 (hashingiwe ku mibare y'ibarura ryakozwe mu 2000). Iyo amagufwa afite ubucucike bwinshi akiri muto, ibyago byo kurwara osteoporose biragabanuka. Kwitabira imyitozo ngororamubiri, nko gukina siporo iteguwe, akenshi bifitanye isano no kwiyongera k'ubucucike bw'amagufwa.
Umushinga w’ubushakashatsi wasuzumye ibibazo bikurikira: Ese ubucucike bw’amagufwa y’umuntu buhinduka iyo yitabiriye imyitozo ngororamubiri?
Ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje isano iri hagati y’imyitozo ngororamubiri mu buzima bwose n’ubucucike bw’imyunyu ngugu mu magufwa, bigaragaza ko abantu bakoze imyitozo ngororamubiri mu buzima bwabo bwose bari bafite ubucucike bw’amagufwa buri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n’abantu bakoze imyitozo mike mu buzima bwabo bwose. . Abantu batakoze imyitozo ngororamubiri bafite amahirwe menshi yo kugira ubucucike bw’amagufwa buke (hafi 10% by’abaturage bacu) ugereranyije n’abantu bafite ubucucike buke, buri hagati n’ubunini. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko uko urugero rw’imyitozo ngororamubiri rwiyongera, amahirwe yo kugira ubucucike bw’amagufwa busanzwe cyangwa bwinshi ariyongera.
Dr. Portia Terry, Megan Beasley na Cynthia Wright* Ishami ry'Ubuhinzi n'Ubumenyi bw'Ibiribwa
Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, 35.7% by'abantu bakuru bafite umubyibuho ukabije cyangwa babyibushye cyane (cdc.gov). Hari ibintu byinshi bikekwa ko bigira uruhare muri iki cyorezo, nko kuboneka kw'ibiribwa n'ingano y'ibiryo. Ubu bushakashatsi bwasuzumye ingaruka z'inyigisho z'imirire ku bumenyi bw'imirire n'imyitwarire yo kurya. Muri ubu bushakashatsi, abanyeshuri biyandikishije mu isomo rusange ry'imirire basabwe kurangiza ubushakashatsi bwa mbere na nyuma y'ubwo bujyanye n'ubumenyi ku myitwarire yo kurya n'ingano y'ibiryo. Nyuma y'ikizamini cya mbere, abashakashatsi bahaye abanyeshuri amakuru ku ngano y'ibiryo. Nyuma y'ibyumweru bitatu, abanyeshuri bahawe ikizamini cya nyuma kugira ngo basuzume impinduka. Abandi bitabiriye ni abarimu n'abo bashakanye bitabiriye isuzumabumenyi ry'ubuzima rya Kaminuza ya Southern Utah. Abarimu n'abo bashakanye bakoze ubushakashatsi bumwe gusa kandi nta makuru babonye. Muri rusange, abanyeshuri 260 n'abakozi/abarimu/abo bashakanye 190 bitabiriye ubushakashatsi. Amakuru yasesenguwe hakoreshejwe icyiciro cya 21 cya Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Ibizamini bya t byakozwe ku bizamini bya mbere na nyuma y'ibyo abanyeshuri bakoreye, kandi ibizamini bya t byigenga byakoreshejwe mu kugereranya ibisubizo by'abanyeshuri n'abakozi/abarimu/abo bashakanye. Ibisubizo byitezwe.
Dr. Fabiola Perez, Joshua Sagisi, Emanuel Williams, Jan-Andro Hakob na Cindy Wright * Ishami ry’ubuhinzi n’ibiribwa
Kugaragaza ko hari bagiteri za E. coli muri buri gipimo cy'amazi bizagufasha kugenzura ubwiza bw'amazi ari mu macupa n'ayo mu mazi. Coliforms ni ibinyabuzima byerekana ko bikomoka ku isoko imwe ya bagiteri zigaragaza ko hari udukoko twinshi. Ntibyemewe kugenzura izindi mikorobe kugira ngo urebe ko hari izindi mikorobe zikomeye bitewe n'aho ziherereye zitandukanye. (Byamukama na Kanshiime et al., 1999). E. coli ishobora kubaho mu mazi yo kunywa ibyumweru 4 kugeza kuri 12 bitewe n'imiterere y'ibidukikije (Rice, Karlin, Allen, 2012). Ubwoko icumi butandukanye bw'amazi ari mu macupa buzapimwa bagiteri za E. coli, ndetse n'amazi yo mu macupa yo mu ngo icumi zitandukanye. Buri bwoko bw'amazi ari mu macupa n'amazi yo mu macupa yo gukoreshwa mu rugo bigaragazwa mu byiciro bitatu. Muri icyo gihe, umubare munini w'amazi ushyirwa mu cyuma gikonjesha kugira ngo hasuzumwe kandi hakorwe ubushakashatsi ku mikurire ya bagiteri. Ibi bizagena ubuziranenge bwa buri gipimo. Ingero zizashyirwa mu cyumba cyijimye aho urumuri rwa UV ruzakoreshwa mu kumurika ingero kugira ngo hamenyekane ko E. coli iriho. (Rice, Carlin, Allen, 2012).
Imisozi ya San Francisco mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bwa Utah yacukuwe cyane mu myaka mike ishize. Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro bwiganjemo monzonite za quartz za Tertiary, amabuye y'agaciro ya Paleozoic yinjirira. Umutungo munini uboneka ku mpande ebyiri zikomeye zikungahaye ku mfuruka y'amazi, ariko aho mfuruka zihurira ntabwo haragaragazwa neza bitewe n'amabuye mabi. Bafatanyije n'ikigo cy'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro cyo muri ako gace, abanyeshuri bo muri Southern Utah batangiye gukora ikarita y'ibanze kugira ngo bamenye kandi bagaragaze aho mfuruka y'amabuye y'agaciro yambukiranya mbere yo gukomeza ubushakashatsi. Twakoze ikarita y'aho imvubura zagaragaye dukoresheje igikoresho cya GPS cya Triton Juno maze dupima ubucucike bwazo n'icyerekezo cyazo hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa Brenton na compass. Ibisubizo by'ibishushanyo mbonera by'indabyo, stereograms n'amakarita bigaragaza ko hari aho imvubura zihurira mu gace k'ubushakashatsi. Ubucucike bw'imvubura buriyongera uko imvubura zegerejwe, cyane cyane ku cyerekezo kimwe cy'imvubura, kandi akenshi mvubura zishyirwa ku mfuruka. Turasaba ko hakorwa ubushakashatsi burambuye mu buryo bwo gucukura inkingi z'amabuye y'agaciro kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo bwo gukoresha ubukungu.
Imisozi ya Huahua hafi ya Minasville, muri Utah, imaze imyaka mike ishakishwa ku mabuye y'agaciro. Umutungo w’amabuye y’agaciro wiganjemo amakosa ya porphyritic yahinduwe n’amazi, akenshi aho monzonites za quartz tertiary zinjira mu mabuye y’agaciro ya Paleozoic. Uretse magmatism ya Tertiary, Imisozi ya Huahua igaragaza imbaraga zikomeye za orogeny ya Late Cretaceous ya Seville, ishyira amabuye ya Paleozoic sedimentary hejuru y’amabuye ya Cretaceous yo hagati. Mu mushinga wo gushushanya imiterere y’ubutaka muri ako gace, ibuye ry’umucanga rya Navajo riri munsi ya Blue Mountains Thrust ryagaragaye ko ryanyuze mu mabuye y’umucanga ya hydrothermal, bigatuma rimera nk’irya quartzite. Iyo igenzurwa neza, habonetse andi mabuye y’umucanga ya hydrothermal. Ibi byavuye mu bushakashatsi bihindura icyibandwaho kuva mu kwandika imiterere y’ubutaka kugeza mu kwandika impinduka zidasanzwe za hydrothermal mu mabuye y’umucanga ya Navajo.
Ubu bushakashatsi burimo uburyo bukurikira. Mu gace k'imisozi y'ubururu, hari gukorwa ubushakashatsi ku bidukikije hafi y'aho ibintu byabereye mu gihe cya Sevier. Ingero z'amabuye y'umucanga ya Jurassic Navajo zakusanyijwe kandi hakorwa ibice bito kugira ngo hasesengurwe ingano y'icyuma kiri mu ibuye. Ingero zabonetse hafi y'isonga ry'iburasirazuba bw'imisozi y'ubururu zigizwe na quartz, hematite, n'ibindi byuma bito. Gucukura amabuye y'agaciro ntabwo bikungahaye cyane, ariko uko ubujyakuzimu bwiyongera, ibidukikije by'ibyuma mu mitsi bishobora kuba byinshi. Isesengura ryinshi, nko gusesengura uburemere bw'amabuye n'amakuru y'ingenzi, rirakenewe kugira ngo hamenyekane agaciro k'amabuye y'agaciro.
Spencer Francisco, John S. McLean, Ph.D.*, na Michael Hofmann, Ph.D.*, Ishami rya siyansi y’umubiri
Igitabo cyitwa Book Rocks mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Utah cyabaye ikibuga cy'imikino cy'ibisekuru by'abahanga mu by'ubutaka bw'ibiyaga bya kera. Ibyinshi mu bishanga byakoreweho ubushakashatsi bwinshi kuko ari ikigereranyo cyiza cy'ibigega byinshi byo mu nkombe, mu nyanja no ku butaka. Ariko, byinshi mu bishanga bitanga amashusho ya 2D gusa kandi ntibishobora kugaragaza neza imiterere y'imiterere n'ubusumbane bw'ibishanga. Muri ubu bushakashatsi, turagaragaza amakuru aturutse mu bishanga bishya byo mu misozi biva muri Upper Cretaceous Price Canyon, Castlegate na Blackhawk Formations. Ubu bushakashatsi, bugizwe n'ubufatanye hagati ya Kaminuza ya Southern Utah na Kaminuza ya Montana, bwibanze ku kugaragaza imiterere y'ibishanga bya 3D n'ubusumbane bw'ibi bishanga bivuye mu ruhererekane rw'ibishanga. Ibishanga bivugwa hano birimo umubare munini w'ibishanga biva muri Blackhawk Formation bifitanye isano n'imiterere y'inkombe n'inkombe. Ibibuye biva muri Blackhawk Formation birimo uduce twinshi tw'amabuye y'umucanga yera, yoroheje, y'ubusitani n'ay'ubusitani hamwe n'amabuye y'umucanga meza atandukanyijwe n'amabuye y'umukara n'ay'umukara, amabuye y'umucanga y'umukara, n'imirongo y'amakara.
Dusobanura izi paki nk'impinduka iva ku bidukikije byo ku nkombe/mu nkengero z'inyanja byiganjemo inzira z'amazi zijya ku bidukikije byuzuye mu gihe cya Castlegate. Ubunini bw'umubiri w'umucanga (ingano y'umuyoboro) burahinduka uko igihe kigenda, aho imiyoboro myinshi ihurira kenshi mu gihe cya Castlegate. Ubushakashatsi buzakomeza, bugatangirana n'isesengura ryimbitse ry'insinga zisigaye hanyuma bugasozwa n'urukurikirane rw'imishinga y'abanyeshuri ku isesengura ry'amasasu n'ibishushanyo mbonera bya 3D.
Abashakashatsi ba mbere batanze uburyo bwo gukora tectonics y’ibice bibiri kuri Mars hashingiwe ku kwimuka kw’ibumoso kw’ikibaya cya Mariner. Dukoresheje uburyo nka Thermal Imaging System (THEMIS) satellite imagery, High Resolution Science Imaging Experiment (HiRISE), digital elevation models, na software interactive nka Google Mars, twabonye ibindi bintu binini biri hafi aho mu kibaya cya Marineris. . na Tarsis Ryze. Nubwo kugenda kwa tectonic bigenda buhoro cyane kuri Mars, dushobora kugereranya imirongo, imikurire, n’imirongo ihuza Mars ifite imiterere isa ku Isi kugira ngo dusobanure imbibi zishobora kuba za plate. Urugero, urutonde rw’imirongo ya NE ifite side strike-slip displacement ikomeye hamwe n’imirongo ijyanye nayo mu majyaruguru y’uburasirazuba bwa Tarshish Rise rushobora kwakira kwimuka hagati y’ibice bibiri. Ibyo twabonye bituma bishoboka kumenya nibura impande ebyiri z’ibindi bice bishobora kuba muri aka karere. Dutanga icyitegererezo cya tectonic kigaragaza intera ijyanye ku mbibi z’ibice bigaragaza sisitemu ya multi-plate kuri Mars.
Mu cyiciro cy’ikirere cya Köppen, ikirere cyumye/gisenyi cyangwa ikirere B bisobanurwa nk'ikirere aho umwuka uhinduka urenze imvura. Ariko, ntabwo yatanze uburyo bwo kubara bwemewe. Turatanga izina rishya, imvura ishobora kugwa cyane (PEP), nk'uburyo bworoshye bwo kugena ahantu hameze nabi n'ubushuhe. Agaciro ka PEP kangana n'ingano nyayo y'imvura hakuwemo imvura ishobora kugwa (POTET). Niba agaciro ka PEP ari keza, ikirere cya sitasiyo ni A, C, cyangwa D, ariko niba agaciro ka PEP ari keza, ikirere cya sitasiyo ni B. Gukoresha agaciro ka PEP biha buri sitasiyo agaciro keza cyangwa keza gashobora gushushanywa, kandi imiterere y'amazi isobanura umupaka w'amazi yumye cyangwa asanzwe.
Kaiparowitz Formation, iherereye mu majyepfo yo hagati ya Utah, ifite agahigo ko ku gace k’amazi ka Late Cretaceous kavuye mu misozi miremire ya La Ramedia kajya mu nzira y’amazi y’iburengerazuba. Iyi nkomoko ikungahaye ku bisigazwa by’ibinyabuzima kandi irimo ibimera, inyamaswa zitagira urutirigongo, amafi, inyamaswa zo mu mazi, inyamaswa zikururuka n’inyamabere, nyinshi muri zo zikaba ari nshya muri siyansi. Ubusobanuro bunini bw’iyi nkomoko bwavuzwe mbere nk’ibisigazwa by’amazi n’ibisigazwa birimo ibishanga n’ibidendezi bitandukanye. Ubu bushakashatsi butanga ibisobanuro birambuye ku bisigazwa by’ibimera bito bicukurwa kandi busobanura imiterere y’ibisigazwa by’ibinyabuzima.