Gabatarwa

Grade 316 shine ma'aunin da ake amfani da shi wajen ɗaukar molybdenum, wanda ke matsayi na biyu a cikin mahimmanci bayan 304 a tsakanin ƙarfen austenitic. Molybdenum yana ba da kyawawan halaye 316 masu jure tsatsa fiye da Grade 304, musamman mafi girman juriya ga tsatsa da tsatsa a cikin mahalli na chloride.

Grade 316L, ƙarancin carbon sigar 316 kuma yana da kariya daga rashin jin daɗi (hauhawar hatsi mai iyaka da carbide). Don haka ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin kayan haɗin ma'auni masu nauyi (sama da 6mm). Babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci tsakanin ƙarfe mai ƙarfe 316 da 316L.

Tsarin austenitic kuma yana ba waɗannan maki kyakkyawan tauri, har ma da yanayin zafi mai zafi.

Idan aka kwatanta da ƙarfen chromium-nickel austenitic, ƙarfe mai nauyin 316L yana ba da ƙarin ƙarfi, damuwa zuwa fashewa da ƙarfin juriya a yanayin zafi mai yawa.

Maɓallan Kadarorin

An ƙayyade waɗannan kaddarorin don samfurin da aka yi birgima (faranti, takarda da coil) a cikin ASTM A240/A240M. An ƙayyade irin waɗannan kaddarorin amma ba lallai ba ne iri ɗaya ga wasu samfura kamar bututu da sanduna a cikin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun su.

Tsarin aiki

Tebur na 1. Jerin abubuwan da aka haɗa don ƙarfe marasa ƙarfe 316L.

Kayayyakin Inji

Tebur na 2. Halayen injina na ƙarfe marasa ƙarfe 316L.

Sifofin Jiki

Tebur na 3.Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su na zahiri don ƙarfe 316 na bakin ƙarfe.

Kwatanta Bayanin Maki

Tebur na 4.Takamaiman bayanai na ƙarfe marasa ƙarfe 316L.

Lura: Waɗannan kwatancen kusan ne kawai. An yi nufin jerin ne a matsayin kwatanta kayan aiki masu kama da juna ba a matsayin jadawalin kwangila ba. Idan ana buƙatar daidai gwargwado, dole ne a duba takamaiman bayanai na asali.

Maki Mai Sauƙi na Madadin

Tebur na 5. Akwai yiwuwar madadin maki ga ƙarfe 316 na bakin ƙarfe.

Tebur na 5.Za a iya amfani da madaidaitan madaidaitan madaidaitan ƙarfe 316 na bakin ƙarfe.

Matsayi

Me yasa za a iya zaɓar shi maimakon 316?

317L

Mafi girman juriya ga chlorides fiye da 316L, amma tare da irin wannan juriya ga tsagewar tsatsa.

Juriyar Tsatsa

Yana da kyau a yanayi daban-daban da kuma hanyoyin sadarwa masu lalata - gabaɗaya ya fi juriya fiye da 304. Yana fuskantar tsatsa da tsatsa a cikin yanayin ɗumi na chloride, da kuma tsatsawar tsatsa a sama da kusan digiri 60.°C. An dauke shi a matsayin mai jure wa ruwan sha mai dauke da sinadarin chloride har zuwa 1000mg/L a yanayin zafi na yanayi, wanda ke ragewa zuwa kusan 500mg/L a 60°C.

Yawanci ana ɗaukar 316 a matsayin ma'auni"bakin karfe mai daraja ta marine", amma ba ya jure wa ruwan teku mai dumi. A cikin yanayi da yawa na ruwa 316 yana nuna tsatsa a saman, yawanci ana iya gani a matsayin launin ruwan kasa. Wannan yana da alaƙa musamman da tarkace da kuma ƙarewar saman da ba ta da kyau.

Juriyar Zafi

Kyakkyawan juriya ga iskar shaka a cikin sabis na lokaci-lokaci zuwa 870°C kuma yana ci gaba da aiki zuwa 925°C. Ci gaba da amfani da 316 a cikin 425-860°Ba a ba da shawarar kewayon C ba idan juriyar tsatsa ta ruwa mai zuwa yana da mahimmanci. Grade 316L yana da juriya ga ruwan sama mai dauke da carbide kuma ana iya amfani da shi a cikin kewayon zafin da ke sama. Grade 316H yana da ƙarfi mafi girma a yanayin zafi mai yawa kuma wani lokacin ana amfani da shi don aikace-aikacen tsari da mai ɗauke da matsi a yanayin zafi sama da kusan 500°C.

Maganin Zafi

Maganin Magani (Annealing) - Zafi zuwa 1010-1120°C kuma su yi sanyi da sauri. Ba za a iya taurare waɗannan matakan ta hanyar maganin zafi ba.

Walda

Kyakkyawan iya walda ta hanyar dukkan hanyoyin haɗa ƙarfe da juriya na yau da kullun, duka tare da ƙarfe masu cikawa da kuma ba tare da su ba. Sassan walda masu nauyi a cikin Aji 316 suna buƙatar annealing bayan walda don mafi girman juriyar tsatsa. Wannan ba a buƙatar shi ga 316L.

Ba a cika amfani da hanyoyin walda na oxyacetylene ba, amma ba a iya walda ƙarfe mai nauyin 316L.

Inji

Bakin karfe mai nauyin lita 316 yana aiki da ƙarfi idan aka yi masa injin da sauri. Saboda haka, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da ƙarancin gudu da kuma yawan ciyarwa akai-akai.

Bakin karfe mai nauyin lita 316 shi ma ya fi sauƙi a yi amfani da shi idan aka kwatanta da bakin karfe mai nauyin lita 316 saboda ƙarancin sinadarin carbon da ke cikinsa.

Aiki Mai Zafi da Sanyi

Ana iya amfani da bakin karfe 316L ta amfani da dabarun aiki mai zafi da aka fi amfani da su. Mafi kyawun yanayin zafi na aiki mai zafi yakamata ya kasance tsakanin 1150-1260°C, kuma tabbas bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 930 ba°C. Ya kamata a yi aikin share iska bayan an gama aiki domin a haifar da juriya ga tsatsa.

Ana iya yin ayyukan sanyi da aka fi sani kamar aski, zane da kuma yin tambari a kan ƙarfe mai nauyin lita 316. Ya kamata a yi aikin annealing bayan an gama aiki domin kawar da damuwa a cikin jiki.

Taurari da Taurari Aiki

Bakin karfe mai nauyin lita 316 baya taurarewa sakamakon maganin zafi. Ana iya taurare shi ta hanyar yin aiki a sanyi, wanda hakan kuma zai iya haifar da ƙarin ƙarfi.

Aikace-aikace

Aikace-aikace na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

•Kayan aikin shirya abinci musamman a muhallin chloride.

•Magunguna

•Aikace-aikacen ruwa

•Aikace-aikacen gine-gine

•Dashen jiki na likitanci, gami da fil, sukurori da kuma dashen ƙashi kamar maye gurbin kwatangwalo da gwiwa gaba ɗaya

•Maƙallan