Ama-plate heat exchanger akhona ezindaweni eziningi zokusebenza zezimboni futhi asebenzisa kakhulu ama-metal plates ukudlulisa ukushisa phakathi koketshezi olubili.
Ukusetshenziswa kwazo kukhula ngokushesha ngoba zidlula ama-heat exchanger avamile (ngokuvamile ithubhu eligoqiwe eliqukethe uketshezi olulodwa oludlula ekamelweni eliqukethe olunye uketshezi) ngoba uketshezi olupholiswayo luthinta indawo engaphezulu kakhulu, okuthuthukisa ukudluliselwa kokushisa futhi kwandisa kakhulu izinga lokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.
Esikhundleni sama-coil adlula emakamelweni, ku-plate heat exchanger, kunezindawo ezimbili ezishintshanayo, ngokuvamile ezinobubanzi obuncane, ezihlukaniswe ngamapuleti ensimbi ahlanganisiwe ezindaweni zawo ezinkulu. Ikamelweni lincane, njengoba lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi iningi lomthamo woketshezi lithintana nepuleti, okusiza ukushintshanisa ukushisa.
Amapuleti okushintshanisa ukushisa anjalo ayenziwa kusetshenziswa ukunyathelisa noma imishini evamile njengokudweba okujulile, kodwa muva nje ukugoba nge-photochemical (PCE) kuye kwabonakala kuyindlela yokwenza esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi engabizi kakhulu etholakalayo kulolu hlelo lokusebenza oluqinile. I-Electrochemical Machining (ECM) ingenye indlela yobuchwepheshe engakhiqiza izingxenye ezinembile kakhulu ngamaqoqo, kodwa le nqubo idinga izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokutshalwa kwezimali kusengaphambili, inqunyelwe ezintweni eziqhubayo, idla amandla amaningi, ukwakheka kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamathuluzi kunzima, kanye nomsebenzi. Ukugqwala kwamathuluzi omshini kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo bekulokhu kuyindaba ebuhlungu.
Ngokuvamile, izinhlangothi zombili ze-plate heat exchanger ziqukethe izici eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngezinye izikhathi ezingaphezu kwamandla okufaka isitembu kanye nokulungisa, kodwa zitholakala kalula kusetshenziswa i-PCE. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PCE ingakhiqiza izici kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-plate ngesikhathi esisodwa, isindise isikhathi esibalulekile, futhi inqubo ingasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinsimbi ezahlukene, kufaka phakathi insimbi engagqwali, i-Inconel 617, i-aluminium, kanye ne-titanium.
Ngenxa yezici ezithile ezitholakala kule nqubo, i-PCE inikeza enye indlela ekhangayo yokufaka isitembu kanye nomshini wokusebenza kwensimbi eshidini. Isebenzisa i-photoresist kanye ne-etchant ukucubungula izindawo ezikhethiwe ngamakhemikhali, le nqubo inezakhiwo zezinto ezigciniwe, izingxenye ezingenayo i-burr kanye nokucindezeleka ezinezingqimba ezihlanzekile futhi azikho izindawo ezithintekile ekushiseni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fluid etching medium idala isakhiwo esifanele se-fluid cooling medium esetshenziswa epuletini. Lezi zakhiwo azinawo amakhona kanye nemiphetho esengozini yokugqwala.
Uma ihlanganiswe neqiniso lokuthi i-PCE isebenzisa amathuluzi edijithali noma engilazi aphindaphindwa kalula futhi angabizi kakhulu, inikeza indlela yokukhiqiza engabizi kakhulu, enembile kakhulu futhi esheshayo kunezindlela zendabuko zokugaya nokufaka isitembu. Lokhu kusho ukonga okukhulu kwezindleko lapho kukhiqizwa amathuluzi e-prototype, futhi ngokungafani namasu okugaya nokufaka isitembu, akukho ukuguguleka kwamathuluzi kanye nezindleko ezihlobene nokusika kabusha insimbi.
Ukushintshwa kwemishini kanye nokunyathela kungaveza imiphumela engaphelele ensimbini emgqeni wokusika, kuvame ukuphazamisa izinto ezishintshwayo bese kushiya ama-burrs, izindawo ezithintekile ekushiseni, kanye nezendlalelo ezilungisiwe kabusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, balwela ukuhlangabezana nesisombululo semininingwane esidingekayo ezingxenyeni zensimbi ezincane, eziyinkimbinkimbi, nezinembile kakhulu njengamapuleti okushintshanisa ukushisa.
Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe ekukhetheni inqubo ubukhulu bezinto ezizosetshenziswa ngomshini. Izinqubo zendabuko zivame ukubhekana nobunzima uma zisetshenziswa ekucubungulweni kwensimbi encane, ukunyathela kanye nokunyathela ezimweni eziningi azifaneleki, kuyilapho ukusika nge-laser namanzi kuholela emazingeni angalingani futhi angamukeleki okuguqulwa kokushisa kanye nokuqhekeka kwezinto, ngokulandelana. Ngenkathi i-PCE ingasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zobukhulu bensimbi, isici esiyinhloko ukuthi ingasebenza kumashidi ensimbi amancane, njengalawo asetshenziswa kuma-plate heat exchangers, ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukuthamba, okubalulekile ekuthembekeni kokuhlanganiswa.
Indawo ebalulekile lapho kusetshenziswa khona amapuleti kusezisetshenziswa zamaseli kaphethiloli ezenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali, i-aluminium, i-nickel, i-titanium, ithusi kanye nohlu lwezinhlobo ze-alloys ezikhethekile.
Amapuleti ensimbi kumaseli kaphethiloli atholakale enezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwezinye izinto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, aqinile kakhulu, anikeza ukuhanjiswa kukagesi okuhle kakhulu ukuze kuphole kangcono, angenziwa abe mancane kakhulu ngokusebenzisa ukugoba, okuholela ezinqwabeni ezimfushane, futhi awanawo umphetho oqondile ngaphakathi kwesiteshi. Amapuleti angakhiwa futhi kudalwe iziteshi ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, akukho ukucindezeleka kokushisa okwenziwa ensimbini, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ithambile ngokuphelele.
Inqubo ye-PCE iqinisekisa ukubekezelelana okuphindaphindwayo kuzo zonke izilinganiso zamabhodi okhiye, kufaka phakathi ukujula komoya kanye ne-geometry ehlukahlukene, futhi ingakhiqiza izingxenye ngokuya ngezincazelo zokwehla komfutho okuqinile.
Ezinye izimboni ezisebenzisa amashidi aqoshiwe ngamakhemikhali zifaka phakathi ama-motor aqondile, izindiza, izimboni ze-petrochemical kanye namakhemikhali. Ngemva kokwenziwa, amapuleti ayabekwa ndawonye bese ukusabalala kuhlanganiswa noma kuhlanganiswe ndawonye ukuze kwenziwe umongo wesishintshi sokushisa. Ama-heat exchanger aqediwe angaba mancane ngokuphindwe kasithupha kune-heat exchanger yendabuko "yegobolondo ne-tube", enikeza isikhala esihle kakhulu kanye nezinzuzo zesisindo.
Ama-heat exchanger akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa i-PCE nawo aqinile kakhulu futhi asebenza kahle, akwazi ukumelana nengcindezi yamabha angu-600 ngenkathi evumelana nobubanzi bokushisa kusukela ku-cryogenics kuya kuma-degree Celsius angu-900. Kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa imifudlana yenqubo engaphezu kwemibili ibe yiyunithi eyodwa futhi uhlangabezane nezidingo zamapayipi nama-valve kuncishiswe kakhulu. Ukusabela nokuxuba kungafakwa futhi ekwakhiweni kwe-plate heat exchanger, okwengeza ukusebenza kahle kuyunithi eyodwa.
Izidingo zanamuhla zokususa ukushisa okusebenzayo nokonga isikhala ziletha izinselele ezinkulu konjiniyela abaningi bentuthuko. Ukunciphisa izingxenye eziningi kubuchwepheshe bukagesi nobe-microsystem kudala izindawo ezishisayo ezishisayo, ezidinga ukucisha ukushisa okuhle ukuqinisekisa impilo yenkonzo ende.
Kusetshenziswa i-2D kanye ne-3D PCE, iziteshi ezincane ezinobubanzi nokujula okuchaziwe zingakhiwa kuma-heat exchanger ukuze kukhethwe imidiya yokusatshalaliswa kokushisa endaweni encane kakhulu. Cishe akukho mkhawulo ekwakhiweni kweziteshi ezingaba khona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba inqubo yokuqopha ikhuthaza ukuqamba okusha kanye nenkululeko yejiyometri, ukugeleza okuguquguqukayo ngokungafani nokugeleza kwe-laminar kungakhuthazwa ngokusebenzisa imiphetho yesiteshi esinamagagasi kanye nokujula. Ukugeleza okuguquguqukayo endaweni yokupholisa kusho ukuthi i-coolant ethintana nomthombo wokushisa ishintsha njalo, okwenza ukushintshaniswa kokushisa kusebenze kahle kakhulu. Ukubola okunjalo kanye nokungahambi kahle kuma-microchannel kuma-heat exchanger kukhiqizwa kalula yi-PCE, kodwa akunakwenzeka noma akubizi kakhulu ukukhiqiza kusetshenziswa izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezihlukile.
I-PCE specialist micrometal GmbH isebenzisa amathuluzi e-optoelectronic anentengo encintisanayo ukukhiqiza izinto zokusebenza zekhwalithi ephezulu ezinezinga eliphezulu lokunemba okuphindaphindwayo.
Amapuleti amancane angaxhunywa (isb., ngokushisela ukusabalalisa) kumajiyometri ahlukahlukene e-3D. I-micrometal isebenzisa inethiwekhi yabalingani abanolwazi enikeza amakhasimende inketho yokuthenga amapuleti amancane noma amabhlogo okushintshanisa ukushisa kwe-microchannel ahlanganisiwe.
Into enezakhiwo zensimbi futhi equkethe izakhi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zamakhemikhali, okungenani eyodwa yazo eyinsimbi.
Nciphisa ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa koketshezi esibonakalayo samathuluzi/ingxenye yokusebenza ngesikhathi somshini wokugaya. Ngokuvamile ngesimo soketshezi, njengezingxube ezincibilikayo noma zamakhemikhali (ezenziwe kancane, ezenziwe ngokwenziwa), kodwa futhi zingaba umoya ocindezelwe noma amanye amagesi. Ngenxa yekhono lawo lokumunca ukushisa okukhulu, amanzi asetshenziswa kabanzi njengesibandisi kanye nesithwali sezinhlanganisela ezahlukene zokusika, futhi isilinganiso samanzi nenhlanganisela siyahlukahluka ngomsebenzi wokugaya. Bheka uketshezi lokusika; uketshezi lokusika olungenziwa kancane; uketshezi lokusika uwoyela oluncibilikayo; uketshezi lokusika lokwenziwa.
1. Ukusatshalaliswa kwengxenye kugesi, uketshezi, noma okuqinile okuvame ukwenza ukwakheka kufane kuzo zonke izingxenye.2. I-athomu noma i-molecule ithuthela endaweni entsha ngaphakathi kwezinto.
Umsebenzi lapho ugesi ugeleza khona phakathi kwento yokusebenza kanye nethuluzi eliqhubayo nge-electrolyte. Uqala ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuncibilikisa insimbi kusuka kunto yokusebenza ngesivinini esilawulwayo. Ngokungafani nezindlela zokusika ezivamile, ubulukhuni bento yokusebenza akuyona into ebalulekile, okwenza i-ECM ifaneleke ezintweni ezilukhuni ukushintshwa ngomshini. Ngendlela yokugaya nge-electrochemical, ukucija nge-electrochemical kanye nokujika nge-electrochemical.
Ngokusebenza okufana nemoto ejikelezayo ethuluzini lomshini, imoto eqondile ingacatshangwa njengemoto ejwayelekile ejikelezayo ehlala njalo edonsa imagnethi, esikwe nge-axial phakathi nendawo, bese ihlutshulwa bese ibekwa phansi. Inzuzo eyinhloko yokusebenzisa ama-linear motors ukushayela ukunyakaza kwe-axis ukuthi isusa ukungasebenzi kahle kanye nomehluko wemishini obangelwa izinhlelo zokuhlanganisa izikulufo zebhola ezisetshenziswa kumathuluzi amaningi omshini we-CNC.
Izingxenye ezibanzi ezibekwe endaweni yokuthungwa kobuso. Faka konke ukungahleleki okubekwe endaweni ebanzi kunesethingi yokusika ithuluzi. Bheka Ukugeleza; Ukulala; Ubulukhuni.
UDkt. Michael J. Hicks unguMqondisi weSikhungo Socwaningo Lwebhizinisi Nomnotho kanye noProfesa Ovelele Wezomnotho eBall State University's Miller School of Business. UHicks uthole iziqu zakhe ze-PhD kanye ne-MA kwezomnotho eNyuvesi yaseTennessee kanye neziqu ze-BA kwezomnotho eVirginia Military Institute. Ubhale izincwadi ezimbili kanye nezincwadi ezingaphezu kuka-60 zezemfundo ezigxile kwinqubomgomo yomphakathi neyendawo, okuhlanganisa inqubomgomo yentela kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemali kanye nomthelela we-Walmart emnothweni wendawo.