Vanhu vanowanzo tenga simbi isingasvibi yakagadzirwa kare, izvo zvinoita kuti zvinhu zvive zvakaoma kufunga nezvazvo.
Kufanana nezvinhu zvakawanda, simbi isingatsvi ine zvakanakira nezvayakaipira zvakawanda. Simbi inoonekwa se "simbi isingatsvi" kana chiumbwa chacho chine 10.5% chromium, iyo inoumba oxide layer inoita kuti isatsvike neacid uye ngura. Kudzivirira uku kunogona kuvandudzwa nekuwedzera huwandu hwechromium uye kuwedzera zvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisa alloying.
Hunhu hwesimbi isina ngura, kusagadzirisa kwakawanda, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kupedzwa kwakasiyana-siyana kwechinhu ichi zvinoita kuti chikodzere maindasitiri akadai sekuvaka, fenicha, chikafu nezvinwiwa, zvekurapa, nezvimwe zvakawanda zvinoda simba uye kuramba ngura kwesimbi.
Simbi isina ngura inowanzo kudhura kupfuura dzimwe simbi. Zvisinei, inopa zvakanakira simba-ku-huremu, zvichibvumira kushandiswa kwehukobvu hwezvinhu zvakatetepa zvichienzaniswa nemamakisi akajairwa, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukuderedza mari. Nekuda kwemutengo wayo wese, zvitoro zvinofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti zviri kushandisa maturusi akakodzera kudzivirira kutambisa mari kunodhura uye kugadzirisa patsva chinhu ichi.
Simbi isina ngura inowanzoonekwa seisina kunaka kusanganisa nekuti inokurumidza kubvisa kupisa uye inoda kungwarira kukuru muzvikamu zvekupedzisira zvekupedzisa nekupukuta.
Kushanda nesimbi isingatsvinda kunowanzoda munhu ane ruzivo rwakakura rwekusanganisa simbi kana mushandi pane kushanda nesimbi yekabhoni, iyo inowanzo gara kwenguva refu. Hurefu hwayo hunogona kuderedzwa kana paine mamwe ma parameter anoshandiswa, kunyanya panguva yekusanganisa simbi isingatsvinda. Nekuda kwekudhura kwakanyanya kwesimbi isingatsvinda, zvine musoro kuti vashandi vane ruzivo rwakakura vaishandise.
"Vanhu vanowanzotenga simbi isingatsvi nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo," anodaro Jonathan Douville, mukuru wezvigadzirwa zvepasi rose zvekutsvagisa nekuvandudza paWalter Surface Technologies muPointe-Claire, Quebec. "Izvi zvinowedzera kune zvinonetsa izvo vashandisi vanofanira kufunga nezvazvo."
Ingava iri saizi 4 linear texture finish kana saizi 8 mirror finish, mushandisi anofanira kuona kuti chinhu chacho chinoremekedzwa uye kuti finish yacho haina kukuvara panguva yekubata nekugadzirisa. Izvi zvinogonawo kuderedza sarudzo dzekugadzirira nekuchenesa, izvo zvakakosha pakuona kuti zvikamu zvinogadzirwa zvakanaka.
"Paunenge uchishanda nechinhu ichi, chinhu chekutanga chekuita ndechekuona kuti chakachena, chakachena, chakachena," akadaro Rick Hatelt, Maneja weCanada Country wePFERD Ontario, Mississauga, Ontario. "Zvakakosha zvikuru kuve nechokwadi chekuti une mhepo yakachena (isina kabhoni), kuchenesa simbi isingatsvedzeri kubvisa tsvina inogona kukonzera oxidation (ngura) gare gare uye kusabvumidza kuvakazve passivation layer, kugadzira layer inodzivirira kuderedza oxidation."
Pakushandisa simbi isina ngura, zvinhu zvakapoteredzwa nenzvimbo yakapoteredza zvinofanira kucheneswa. Kubvisa mafuta nepurasitiki kubva pazvinhu inzvimbo yakanaka yekutanga. Zvinosvibisa pasimbi isina ngura zvinogona kukonzera oxidation, asi zvinogonawo kuva nematambudziko panguva yekunamira uye zvinogona kukonzera zvikanganiso. Saka, zvakakosha kuchenesa pamusoro usati watanga kunamira.
Nzvimbo dzekushandira hadzisi nguva dzose dzakachena, uye kusvibiswa kunogona kuva dambudziko kana uchishanda nesimbi isina ngura nekabhoni. Kazhinji chitoro chine mafeni akawanda kana kushandisa ma air conditioner kutonhodza vashandi, izvo zvinogona kusundira tsvina pasi kana kukonzera kuti mvura idonhe kana kuungana pazvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa. Izvi zvinonyanya kuoma kana zvidimbu zvesimbi isina ngura zvikafuridzirwa nesimbi isina ngura. Kuparadzanisa zvinhu izvi uye kuzvichengeta munzvimbo yakachena kunoita mutsauko mukuru kana zvasvika pakunamira zvakanaka.
Zvakakosha kubvisa ruvara kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti ngura haizounganidzi nekufamba kwenguva uye kuti chimiro chose chisashande zvakanaka. Zvakanakawo kubvisa ruvara rwebhuruu kuti ruvara rwepamusoro ruenzane.
MuCanada, nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze ekutonhora zvakanyanya uye echando, kusarudza simbi isina ngura yakakodzera kwakakosha. Douville akatsanangura kuti zvitoro zvakawanda zvakatanga kusarudza 304 nekuda kwemutengo wayo. Asi kana chitoro chikashandisa zvinhu zviri kunze, anokurudzira kuti chiende ku316, kunyangwe ichidhura zvakapetwa kaviri.304 inogona kukuvadzwa nengura kana ikashandiswa kana kuchengetwa panze. Kunyangwe kana pamusoro payo pakacheneswa uye pasi passivation layer ikaumbwa, mamiriro ekunze anogona kukanganisa pamusoro, zvichiparadza pasi passivation layer uye pakupedzisira zvichiita kuti iite ngura zvakare.
"Kugadzirira weld kwakakosha nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda zvakakosha," anodaro Gabi Miholics, nyanzvi yekugadzira application, Abrasive Systems Division, 3M Canada, London, Ontario. "Kubvisa ngura, pendi uye chamfers kwakakosha pakuwelda zvakanaka. Hapafanirwe kuve nekusvibiswa pamusoro pekuwelda kunogona kushayisa simba chisungo."
Hatelt anowedzera kuti kuchenesa nzvimbo yacho kwakakosha, asi kugadzirira kwekugadzirisa simbi kunogona kusanganisira kupwanya simbi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti simbi inonamira zvakanaka uye yakasimba.
Pakusanganisa simbi isina ngura, zvakakosha kusarudza simbi yakakodzera yemhando yakashandiswa. Simbi isina ngura inonyanya kugadzikana uye inoda kuti misono yekubatanidza ive nechiratidzo chemhando imwe chete yezvinhu. Semuenzaniso, simbi ye316 base inoda 316 filler metal. Vanosanganisa simbi havagone kungoshandisa chero rudzi rwesimbi yekuzadza, giredhi rega rega resimbi isina ngura rinoda filler chaiyo yekusanganisa simbi zvakanaka.
"Pakupinza simbi isingatsvi, muchina wekupinza anofanira kunyatsotarisa tembiricha," akadaro Michael Radaelli, maneja wezvigadzirwa kuNorton | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Worcester, MA. "Kune zvishandiso zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kushandiswa kuyera tembiricha yesimbi iyi nechikamu ichi sezvo muchina wekupinza uchipisa, nekuti kana paine mutswe musimbi isingatsvi, chikamu chacho chinoparara."
Radaelli akawedzera kuti muchina wekunamira anofanira kuva nechokwadi chekuti haagari munzvimbo imwe chete kwenguva yakareba. Kunamira kwesimbi dzakawanda inzira yakanaka yekuchengetedza substrate kuti isanyanya kupisa. Kunamira kwesimbi isingatsvi kwenguva refu kunogona kukonzera kupisa kwakanyanya uye kutsemuka.
"Kubatanidza nesimbi isingatsvi kunogona kutora nguva yakawanda, asi hunyanzvi hunodawo vanhu vane ruzivo," akadaro Radaelli.
Kugadzirira mushure mekuweda kunoenderana nechinhu chekupedzisira uye kushandiswa kwacho. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, Miholics akatsanangura, weld haimboonekwi, saka kucheneswa kushoma mushure mekuweda kunodiwa, uye chero chinhu chinobuda pachena chinobviswa nekukurumidza. Kana weld ingangoda kuenzaniswa kana kucheneswa, asi hapana kugadzirira kwakanangana pamusoro kunodiwa. Kana kupedzisa zvakanaka kana girazi kuchidikanwa, matanho ekupukuta akaomarara anogona kudiwa. Zvinongoenderana nekushandiswa.
"Harisi ruvara rwuri dambudziko," akadaro Miholics. "Kuchinja kweruvara rweganda uku kunoratidza kuti hunhu hwesimbi hwachinja uye ikozvino hunogona kuita ngura."
Kusarudza chishandiso chinoshandura kumhanya kwemagetsi kunochengetedza nguva nemari uye kunoita kuti mushandi akwanise kuenderana nechakagadzirwa.
Zvakakosha kubvisa ruvara kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti ngura haizounganidzi nekufamba kwenguva uye kuti chimiro chose chisashande zvakanaka. Zvakanakawo kubvisa ruvara rwebhuruu kuti ruvara rwepamusoro ruenzane.
Kuchenesa kunogona kukuvadza nzvimbo, kunyanya kana pashandiswa makemikari akasimba. Kuchenesa zvisina kunaka kunogona kudzivirira kuumbwa kwechikamu chinonyungudika. Ndosaka nyanzvi dzakawanda dzichikurudzira kucheneswa kwezvikamu izvi zvakasungirirwa nemaoko.
"Paunenge uchichenesa nemaoko, kana usingabvumire okisijeni kuti ishande pamusoro kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana kana makumi mana nemasere, hauna nguva yekuvaka nzvimbo isina chinhu," akadaro Douville. Akatsanangura kuti nzvimbo yacho inoda okisijeni kuti ishande nechromium iri mu alloy kuti igadzire pasi. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzinochengetera zvinhu dzinowanzo chenesa, kurongedza zvikamu uye kuzvitumira nekukurumidza, izvo zvinononotsa maitiro uye zvinowedzera njodzi yekuora.
Zvakajairika kuti vagadziri nevanobatanidza simbi vanoshandisa zvinhu zvakawanda. Zvisinei, sezvambotaurwa, kushandiswa kwesimbi isingatsvi kunowedzera zvimwe zvipingamupinyi. Kutora nguva yekuchenesa chikamu ichi idanho rekutanga rakanaka, asi zvakanaka chete zvichienderana nenzvimbo yachiri.
Hatelt akati anoramba achiona nzvimbo dzekushandira dzakasvibiswa. Kubvisa kabhoni munzvimbo dzekushandira dzesimbi dzisina ngura kwakakosha. Hazvishamisi kuti zvitoro zvinoshandisa simbi zvinoshandisa simbi zvisina ngura zvisina kugadzirira zvakanaka nzvimbo dzekushandira dzezvinhu izvi. Ichi chikanganiso, kunyanya kana vasingakwanise kupatsanura zvinhu zviviri izvi kana kutenga zvishandiso zvavo.
"Kana uine bhurashi rewaya rekukuya kana kugadzira simbi isingatsvi, uye ukarishandisa pasimbi isingatsvi, hauchakwanise kushandisa simbi isingatsvi," akadaro Radaelli. "Mabhurashi aya ava nekabhoni uye ngura. Kana mabhurashi angosanganiswa, haagone kucheneswa."
Zvitoro zvinofanirwa kushandisa maturusi akasiyana kugadzira zvinhu, asi zvinofanirawo kunyora maturusi aya se "simbi isina ngura chete" kudzivirira kusvibiswa kusingakoshi, akadaro Hatelt.
Mashopu anofanira kufunga nezvezvinhu zvakawanda pakusarudza maturusi ekugadzirisa weld esimbi isingasvibi, kusanganisira nzira dzekupisa, rudzi rwemineral, kumhanya uye saizi yetsanga.
"Kusarudza chinhu chinokwesha chine chifukidziro chinobvisa kupisa inzvimbo yakanaka yekutanga," akadaro Miholics. "Simbi isina ngura yakaoma zvikuru uye inogadzira kupisa kwakawanda pakukuya kupfuura simbi isina kusimba. Kupisa kunofanira kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo, saka pane chifukidziro chinobvumira kupisa kuyerera kumucheto kwedhisiki pane kungogara pauri kukuya. Panguva iyoyo, zvaive zvakanaka."
Kusarudza chinhu chinokwesha chinoenderanawo nekuti magumo acho ose anofanira kutaridzika sei, anowedzera kudaro. Chiri mumaziso emunhu anoona. Maminerari ealumina ari muzvinhu zvinokwesha ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa pakugadzirisa. Kuti simbi isingatsvi iite sebhuruu pamusoro, mineral silicon carbide inofanira kushandiswa. Yakapinza uye inosiya zvidimbu zvakadzika zvinoratidza chiedza zvakasiyana, zvichiita kuti ive yebhuruu. Kana mushandi ari kutsvaga magumo chaiwo kana akasiyana, zvakanaka kutaura nemutengesi.
"RPM idambudziko guru," akadaro Hatelt. "Zvishandiso zvakasiyana zvinoda maRPM akasiyana, uye anowanzo mhanya zvakanyanya. Kushandisa RPM chaiyo kunoita kuti pave nemigumisiro yakanaka, maererano nekukasira kwebasa uye kuti rinoitwa zvakanaka sei. Ziva kuti unoda kupedzisa sei uye kuti kuyera sei."
Douville akawedzera kuti kuisa mari muzvishandiso zvekupedzisa zvinomhanya zvakasiyana-siyana inzira imwe yekukunda matambudziko ekumhanya. Vashandi vazhinji vanoedza grinder yakajairika yekupedzisa, asi ine kumhanya kwakanyanya chete kwekucheka. Kupedzisa maitiro aya kunoda kudzikisa kumhanya. Kusarudza chishandiso chekupedzisa chinomhanya zvakasiyana-siyana kuchachengetedza nguva nemari uye kunobvumira mushandi kuti aenderane nekupera.
Uyewo, grit inokosha pakusarudza abrasive. Mushandisi anofanira kutanga negrit yakanakira kushandiswa.
Kutanga ne grit ye60 kana 80 (yepakati), mushandisi anogona kusvetukira ipapo ipapo kune grit ye120 (yakatsetseka) opinda mune grit ye220 (yakatsetseka kwazvo), izvo zvinopa stainless steel kupedzisa Nhamba 4.
"Zvinogona kunge zviri nyore sematanho matatu," akadaro Radaelli. "Zvisinei, kana mushandi ari kubata ne weld hombe, haakwanise kutanga ne grit 60 kana 80, uye angasarudza grit 24 (yakakombama kwazvo) kana 36 (yakakombama). Izvi zvinowedzera danho rekuwedzera uye zvinogona kuoma kubvisa muzvinhu. Pane mavanga akadzika pairi."
Uyezve, kuwedzera spray inodzivisa kupfapfaidza kana gel kunogona kuva shamwari yepamwoyo yemuchina wekupfapfaidza, asi kazhinji hazvifungidzirwi pakupwanya simbi isingatsvi, anodaro Douville. Zvikamu zvine spray zvinoda kubviswa, izvo zvinogona kukwenya pamusoro, zvinoda mamwe matanho ekukuya uye kutambisa nguva yakawanda. Danho iri rinogona kubviswa nyore nyore ne anti-splash system.
Lindsay Luminoso, Mupepeti Associate, anobatsira muMetal Fabrication Canada neFabrication and Welding Canada. Kubva 2014-2016, aive Mupepeti Associate/Web Editor kuMetal Fabrication Canada, nguva pfupi yadarika ari Mupepeti Associate weDesign Engineering.
Luminoso ane dhigirii reBachelor of Arts kubva kuCarleton University, dhigirii reBachelor of Education kubva kuYunivhesiti yeOttawa, uye Graduate Certificate muBooks, Magazines and Digital Publishing kubva kuCentennial College.
Ramba uchiziva nhau dzichangoburwa, zviitiko uye tekinoroji pamusoro pesimbi dzese kubva mumapepanhau edu maviri emwedzi nemwedzi akanyorwa chete kune vagadziri vekuCanada!
Iye zvino nekuwana zvizere chinyorwa chedhijitari cheCanadian Metalworking, zviri nyore kuwana zviwanikwa zvinokosha zveindasitiri.
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Randy McDonald, Maneja weZvigadzirwa Akarega Basa kuOvertone, anogovera mazano kubva mumakore ake makumi mana eruzivo. Achishandisa FEIN WPO 14-25E variable speed polisher uye zvishandiso zvekupedzisa nekupukuta kubva kumhando yakakura yeFEIN Canada yezvigadzirwa zvekupukuta, Randy anotiratidza nzira nhanho nhanho.