Cov neeg feem ntau yuav cov hlau tsis xeb uas tau ua tiav lawm, uas ua rau cov khoom siv nyuaj dua uas cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum xav txog.
Ib yam li feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv, cov hlau tsis xeb muaj ntau qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Cov hlau raug suav hais tias yog "hlau tsis xeb" yog tias cov hlau sib xyaw muaj tsawg kawg 10.5% chromium, uas tsim cov txheej oxide uas ua rau nws tiv taus kua qaub thiab xeb. Qhov kev tiv taus xeb no tuaj yeem txhim kho ntxiv los ntawm kev nce cov ntsiab lus chromium thiab ntxiv cov neeg sawv cev sib xyaw ntxiv.
Cov khoom siv "stainless steel" muaj zog, tsis tas yuav kho ntau, ruaj khov, thiab ntau yam tiav ntawm qhov chaw ua rau nws haum rau kev lag luam xws li kev tsim kho, rooj tog, khoom noj thiab dej haus, kev kho mob, thiab ntau lwm yam kev siv uas xav tau lub zog thiab kev tiv taus xeb zoo li hlau.
Cov hlau tsis xeb feem ntau kim dua li lwm cov hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm lub zog thiab qhov hnyav, uas tso cai rau kev siv cov khoom nyias dua piv rau cov qib ib txwm muaj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau txuag tau nqi. Vim nws tus nqi tag nrho, cov khw muag khoom yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias lawv siv cov cuab yeej zoo kom tsis txhob muaj kev pov tseg kim thiab rov ua dua ntawm cov khoom no.
Feem ntau cov hlau tsis xeb raug suav hais tias nyuaj rau vuam vim tias nws yaj cov cua sov sai sai thiab xav tau kev saib xyuas zoo thaum kawg ua tiav thiab txhuam.
Feem ntau, kev ua haujlwm nrog cov hlau tsis xeb yuav tsum tau tus kws vuam lossis tus neeg ua haujlwm uas muaj kev paub ntau dua li kev ua haujlwm nrog cov hlau carbon, uas feem ntau yuav ruaj khov dua. Nws qhov latitude yuav raug txo qis thaum muaj qee yam parameters, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm vuam. Vim tias tus nqi ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb siab, nws ua rau muaj kev nkag siab rau cov neeg ua haujlwm uas muaj kev paub ntau dua los siv nws.
"Cov neeg feem ntau yuav cov hlau tsis xeb vim nws qhov tiav," Jonathan Douville, tus thawj coj khoom lag luam rau kev tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev txhim kho ntawm Walter Surface Technologies hauv Pointe-Claire, Quebec hais. "Qhov no ntxiv rau cov kev txwv uas cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum xav txog."
Txawm hais tias nws yog qhov tiav tiav ntawm qhov loj 4 lossis qhov tiav tiav ntawm qhov loj 8, tus neeg teb xov tooj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom siv tau txais kev hwm thiab qhov tiav tsis puas thaum lub sijhawm tuav thiab ua tiav. Qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem txwv cov kev xaiv rau kev npaj thiab kev ntxuav, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj qhov zoo.
"Thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv no, thawj qhov yuav tsum ua yog xyuas kom meej tias nws huv, huv, huv," Rick Hatelt, Canada Lub Tebchaws Tus Thawj Coj rau PFERD Ontario, Mississauga, Ontario hais. "Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom paub tseeb tias koj muaj huab cua huv (tsis muaj carbon), ntxuav cov hlau tsis xeb kom tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv uas yuav ua rau oxidation (xeb) tom qab thiab kom tsis txhob rov tsim dua ntawm cov txheej passivation, tsim cov txheej tiv thaiv kom txo qis oxidation."
Thaum siv cov hlau tsis xeb, cov khoom siv thiab ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau ntxuav. Kev tshem tawm cov roj thiab cov yas seem ntawm cov khoom siv yog qhov chaw zoo pib. Cov pa phem ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb tuaj yeem ua rau oxidation, tab sis lawv kuj tuaj yeem ua teeb meem thaum vuam thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntxuav qhov chaw ua ntej pib siv solder.
Ib puag ncig hauv chaw ua haujlwm tsis yog qhov huv tshaj plaws tas li, thiab kev sib kis kab mob tuaj yeem yog qhov teeb meem thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov hlau tsis xeb thiab cov hlau carbon. Feem ntau lub khw muag khoom siv ntau lub kiv cua lossis siv lub tshuab cua txias los txias cov neeg ua haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem thawb cov kab mob mus rau hauv pem teb lossis ua rau cov dej ntws los yog tsim rau ntawm cov khoom siv raw. Qhov no yog qhov nyuaj tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov hlau carbon raug cua tshuab rau ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb. Kev cais cov ntaub ntawv no thiab khaws cia rau hauv ib puag ncig huv si ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv loj thaum nws los txog rau kev vuam zoo.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tshem tawm cov xim tsis zoo kom ntseeg tau tias xeb tsis sib sau ua ke dhau sijhawm thiab ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog. Nws kuj tseem zoo rau tshem tawm cov xim xiav kom sib npaug cov xim ntawm qhov chaw.
Nyob rau hauv Canada, vim yog huab cua txias heev thiab lub caij ntuj no, kev xaiv cov hlau tsis xeb qib yog qhov tseem ceeb. Douville piav qhia tias feem ntau cov khw muag khoom thaum xub thawj xaiv 304 vim nws tus nqi. Tab sis yog tias lub khw siv cov khoom siv sab nraum zoov, nws yuav pom zoo kom hloov mus rau 316, txawm tias nws kim ob npaug. 304 yooj yim rau xeb yog tias siv lossis khaws cia sab nraum zoov. Txawm tias qhov chaw raug ntxuav thiab txheej passivation tsim, cov xwm txheej sab nraum zoov tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw, ua rau txheej passivation lwj thiab thaum kawg ua rau nws xeb dua.
"Kev npaj vuam yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau yam laj thawj tseem ceeb," Gabi Miholics, tus kws tshaj lij kev tsim daim ntawv thov, Abrasive Systems Division, 3M Canada, London, Ontario hais. "Kev tshem tawm xeb, xim thiab chamfers yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev vuam kom zoo. Yuav tsum tsis muaj kev ua qias tuaj rau ntawm qhov chaw vuam uas yuav ua rau lub zog sib txuas tsis muaj zog."
Hatelt ntxiv tias kev ntxuav thaj chaw yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis kev npaj ua ntej vuam kuj tseem tuaj yeem suav nrog kev txiav cov khoom siv kom ntseeg tau tias vuam lo thiab muaj zog.
Rau kev vuam hlau tsis xeb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xaiv cov hlau filler kom raug rau qib siv. Cov hlau tsis xeb yog qhov rhiab heev thiab xav tau cov kab vuam kom tau ntawv pov thawj nrog tib hom khoom siv. Piv txwv li, 316 hlau puag xav tau 316 hlau filler. Cov neeg vuam tsis tuaj yeem siv txhua hom hlau filler, txhua qib stainless xav tau ib qho filler tshwj xeeb rau kev vuam kom raug.
"Thaum vuam cov hlau tsis xeb, tus neeg vuam yuav tsum saib xyuas qhov kub thiab txias," Michael Radaelli, tus thawj tswj khoom ntawm Norton | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Worcester, MA hais. "Muaj ntau yam khoom siv sib txawv uas siv tau los ntsuas qhov kub ntawm qhov vuam thiab qhov khoom thaum lub tshuab vuam kub, vim tias yog tias muaj qhov tawg hauv cov hlau tsis xeb, qhov khoom ntawd yuav puas tsuaj tag."
Radaelli ntxiv tias tus neeg vuam yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias nws tsis nyob hauv tib thaj chaw ntev. Kev vuam ntau txheej yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los tiv thaiv lub substrate kom tsis txhob kub dhau. Kev vuam ntev ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb tuaj yeem ua rau nws kub dhau thiab tawg.
"Kev vuam siv cov hlau tsis xeb tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau dua, tab sis nws kuj yog ib qho kev kos duab uas xav tau kev paub dhau los," Radaelli hais.
Kev npaj tom qab vuam yeej nyob ntawm cov khoom kawg thiab nws daim ntawv thov. Hauv qee kis, Miholics piav qhia, qhov vuam yeej tsis tau pom tiag tiag, yog li tsuas yog xav tau kev ntxuav tom qab vuam tsawg xwb, thiab txhua qhov spatter pom tseeb raug tshem tawm sai sai. Los yog qhov vuam yuav tsum tau leveled lossis ntxuav, tab sis tsis tas yuav npaj qhov chaw tshwj xeeb. Yog tias xav tau qhov tiav zoo lossis daim iav, cov kauj ruam polishing ntau dua yuav tsum tau ua. Nws tsuas yog nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov.
"Nws tsis yog xim uas yog qhov teeb meem," Miholics hais. "Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov chaw no qhia tau tias cov khoom hlau tau hloov pauv thiab tam sim no tuaj yeem oxidize / xeb."
Kev xaiv cov cuab yeej ua tiav qhov ceev uas hloov pauv tau yuav txuag lub sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag thiab tso cai rau tus neeg teb xov tooj kom phim qhov tiav.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tshem tawm cov xim tsis zoo kom ntseeg tau tias xeb tsis sib sau ua ke dhau sijhawm thiab ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog. Nws kuj tseem zoo rau tshem tawm cov xim xiav kom sib npaug cov xim ntawm qhov chaw.
Cov txheej txheem ntxuav tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj rau saum npoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv cov tshuaj lom neeg hnyav. Kev ntxuav tsis raug tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tsim cov txheej passivation. Qhov no yog vim li cas ntau tus kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom ntxuav tes ntawm cov khoom vuam no.
"Thaum koj ntxuav tes, yog tias koj tsis pub cov pa oxygen ua rau saum npoo li 24 lossis 48 teev, koj yuav tsis muaj sijhawm los tsim ib qho chaw tsis muaj zog," Douville hais. Nws piav qhia tias qhov chaw xav tau cov pa oxygen los ua rau cov chromium hauv cov hlau sib xyaw ua ke los ua ib txheej passivation. Qee lub khw feem ntau ntxuav, ntim cov khoom thiab xa lawv tam sim ntawd, uas ua rau cov txheej txheem qeeb thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev xeb.
Nws yog ib qho uas cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov neeg vuam siv ntau yam khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li tau hais ua ntej, kev siv cov hlau tsis xeb ntxiv qee qhov kev txwv. Siv sijhawm los ntxuav qhov khoom yog thawj kauj ruam zoo, tab sis nws tsuas yog zoo li qhov chaw ib puag ncig nws nyob.
Hatelt hais tias nws pheej pom cov chaw ua haujlwm uas muaj kuab paug. Kev tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm stainless hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nws tsis yog qhov txawv txawv rau cov khw uas siv hlau hloov mus siv stainless hlau yam tsis tau npaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm rau cov khoom siv no kom zoo. Qhov no yog qhov yuam kev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem cais ob yam khoom siv lossis yuav lawv cov cuab yeej.
"Yog tias koj muaj txhuam hlau rau kev sib tsoo lossis npaj cov hlau tsis xeb, thiab koj siv nws rau cov hlau carbon, koj siv tsis tau cov hlau tsis xeb lawm," Radaelli hais. "Cov txhuam tam sim no muaj cov pa roj carbon thiab xeb. Thaum cov txhuam hla-kab mob, lawv tsis tuaj yeem ntxuav tau."
Hatelt hais tias cov khw muag khoom yuav tsum siv cov cuab yeej sib cais los npaj cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis lawv kuj yuav tsum sau cov cuab yeej ua "stainless steel xwb" kom tsis txhob muaj kuab paug tsis tsim nyog.
Cov khw muag khoom yuav tsum xav txog ntau yam thaum xaiv cov cuab yeej npaj vuam hlau tsis xeb, suav nrog cov kev xaiv cua sov dissipation, hom minerals, qhov ceev thiab qhov loj ntawm cov noob.
"Kev xaiv cov khoom siv abrasive uas muaj cov txheej txheej uas ua rau kub hnyiab yog qhov chaw zoo pib," Miholics hais. "Cov hlau tsis xeb yog cov hlau tawv heev thiab yuav tsim cua sov ntau dua thaum sib tsoo dua li cov hlau tsis muaj zog. Cov cua sov yuav tsum mus rau qhov twg, yog li muaj ib txheej uas tso cai rau cov cua sov ntws mus rau ntug ntawm lub disc es tsis txhob nyob twj ywm qhov chaw koj sib tsoo. Thaum ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo tagnrho."
Nws hais ntxiv tias, kev xaiv cov khoom siv abrasive kuj nyob ntawm seb qhov tiav tag nrho yuav tsum zoo li cas. Nws yog nyob ntawm tus neeg saib xwb. Cov khoom siv alumina hauv cov khoom siv abrasives yog hom siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov kauj ruam tiav. Yuav kom ua rau cov hlau tsis xeb zoo li xiav ntawm qhov chaw, yuav tsum siv cov khoom siv silicon carbide. Nws ntse dua thiab tawm cov qhov txiav tob dua uas cuam tshuam lub teeb sib txawv, ua rau nws xiav. Yog tias tus neeg teb xov tooj tab tom nrhiav qhov tiav tshwj xeeb lossis tshwj xeeb, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tham nrog tus neeg muag khoom.
"RPM yog ib qho teeb meem loj," Hatelt hais. "Cov cuab yeej sib txawv xav tau RPMs sib txawv, thiab lawv feem ntau khiav ceev dhau. Kev siv RPM kom raug ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, ob qho tib si hais txog qhov ua tiav sai npaum li cas thiab ua tiav zoo npaum li cas. Paub seb koj xav tau qhov tiav dab tsi thiab ntsuas li cas."
Douville ntxiv tias kev nqis peev rau cov cuab yeej ua tiav qhov ceev sib txawv yog ib txoj hauv kev los kov yeej cov teeb meem ceev. Ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm sim siv lub tshuab sib tsoo ib txwm rau kev ua tiav, tab sis nws tsuas muaj qhov ceev siab rau kev txiav. Kev ua tiav cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau qeeb qeeb. Kev xaiv cov cuab yeej ua tiav qhov ceev sib txawv yuav txuag lub sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag thiab tso cai rau tus neeg ua haujlwm kom phim qhov tiav.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xuab zeb tseem ceeb thaum xaiv cov khoom siv abrasive. Tus neeg teb xov tooj yuav tsum pib nrog cov xuab zeb zoo tshaj plaws rau daim ntawv thov.
Pib nrog lub xuab zeb 60 lossis 80 (nruab nrab), tus neeg teb xov tooj tuaj yeem dhia mus rau lub xuab zeb 120 (zoo) thiab mus rau hauv lub xuab zeb 220 (zoo heev), uas yuav ua rau cov hlau tsis xeb tiav No. 4.
"Nws yuav yooj yim li peb kauj ruam," Radaelli hais. "Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus neeg teb xov tooj tab tom ua haujlwm nrog qhov vuam loj, nws tsis tuaj yeem pib nrog 60 lossis 80 grit, thiab tej zaum yuav mus rau 24 (coarse heev) lossis 36 (coarse) grit. Qhov no ntxiv ib kauj ruam ntxiv thiab tuaj yeem nyuaj rau tshem tawm hauv cov khoom siv Muaj cov khawb tob rau ntawm nws."
Ntxiv mus, kev ntxiv cov tshuaj tsuag tiv thaiv kev tawg lossis gel tuaj yeem yog tus phooj ywg zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tus kws vuam, tab sis nws feem ntau tsis quav ntsej thaum vuam cov hlau tsis xeb, Douville hais. Cov khoom uas muaj kev tawg yuav tsum tau tshem tawm, uas tuaj yeem khawb qhov chaw, xav tau cov kauj ruam sib tsoo ntxiv thiab pov tseg ntau lub sijhawm. Cov kauj ruam no tuaj yeem tshem tawm yooj yim nrog lub kaw lus tiv thaiv kev tawg.
Lindsay Luminoso, Tus Kws Kho Xov Xwm Pabcuam, pab txhawb rau Metal Fabrication Canada thiab Fabrication thiab Welding Canada. Txij xyoo 2014-2016, nws yog Tus Kws Kho Xov Xwm Pabcuam/Web Editor ntawm Metal Fabrication Canada, tsis ntev los no ua Tus Kws Kho Xov Xwm Pabcuam rau Design Engineering.
Luminoso muaj daim Bachelor of Arts degree los ntawm Carleton University, daim Bachelor of Education degree los ntawm University of Ottawa, thiab daim ntawv pov thawj kawm tiav qib siab hauv Books, Magazines thiab Digital Publishing los ntawm Centennial College.
Khaws cov xov xwm tshiab, cov xwm txheej thiab thev naus laus zis tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm txhua yam hlau los ntawm peb ob tsab ntawv xov xwm txhua hli sau rau cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Canada!
Tam sim no nrog kev nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntawv digital ntawm Canadian Metalworking, nkag mus tau yooj yim rau cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev lag luam.
Tam sim no nrog kev nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntawv digital ntawm Made in Canada thiab Welding, nkag mus tau yooj yim rau cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev lag luam.
Randy McDonald, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Khoom So Haujlwm ntawm Overtone, qhia cov lus qhia thiab cov lus qhia los ntawm nws 40 xyoo ntawm kev paub dhau los. Siv lub tshuab FEIN WPO 14-25E hloov pauv ceev polisher thiab cov khoom siv tiav thiab polishing los ntawm FEIN Canada cov kab loj ntawm cov khoom siv polishing, Randy coj peb mus dhau cov txheej txheem ib kauj ruam zuj zus.