2. Sobanukirwa n'ubwoko butatu bwa sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi: HVAC (hydraulic), amazi (amazi yo murugo, umwanda no guhumeka) hamwe na chimique na sisitemu idasanzwe yo kuvoma (sisitemu y'amazi yo mu nyanja hamwe n’imiti yangiza).
Sisitemu yo kuvoma no kuvoma ibaho mubintu byinshi byubaka.Abantu benshi babonye P-umutego cyangwa firigo ikonjesha munsi yumwobo ugana no kuva muri sisitemu yo gutandukana.Abantu bake ni bo babona amashanyarazi akomeye mu ruganda rwagati cyangwa sisitemu yo gusukura imiti mucyumba cy’ibikoresho bya pisine.Buri kimwe muri ibyo bisabwa gisaba ubwoko bwihariye bwa pipine bujuje ibisobanuro, imbogamizi zumubiri, code, hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwo gushushanya.
Nta gisubizo cyoroshye cyo gukemura gihuye nibisabwa byose.Izi sisitemu zujuje ibyangombwa byose bifatika hamwe na code niba ibipimo byihariye byashizweho byujujwe kandi ibibazo bikwiye bibazwa ba nyirubwite nababikora.Mubyongeyeho, barashobora kugumana ibiciro bikwiye no kuyobora ibihe kugirango bashireho gahunda yo kubaka neza.
Imiyoboro ya HVAC irimo ibintu byinshi bitandukanye, umuvuduko nubushyuhe.Umuyoboro urashobora kuba hejuru cyangwa munsi yubutaka kandi ukanyura imbere cyangwa hanze yinyubako.Izi ngingo zigomba kwitabwaho mugihe hagaragajwe imiyoboro ya HVAC mumushinga.Ijambo "hydrodynamic cycle" bivuga gukoresha amazi nk'uburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwo gukonjesha no gushyushya.Muri buri porogaramu, amazi atangwa ku kigero cyatanzwe n'ubushyuhe.Ubusanzwe ubushyuhe bwoherezwa mucyumba nubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bugenewe gusubiza amazi ku bushyuhe bwagenwe.Ibi biganisha ku kuba ubushyuhe runaka bwimurwa cyangwa bukuwe mu mwanya.Uruzinduko rwamazi akonje nubushuhe nuburyo nyamukuru bukoreshwa muguhumeka ibikoresho binini byubucuruzi.
Kubintu byinshi byo hasi byubaka byubaka, biteganijwe ko igitutu cya sisitemu giteganijwe kiri munsi yama pound 150 kuri santimetero kare (psig).Sisitemu ya hydraulic (amazi akonje kandi ashyushye) ni sisitemu yumuzingi ifunze.Ibi bivuze ko pompe yumutwe wose ufite imbaraga uzirikana igihombo cyo guterana muri sisitemu yo kuvoma, ibifuniko bifitanye isano, indangagaciro nibikoresho.Uburebure buhagaze bwa sisitemu ntabwo bugira ingaruka kumikorere ya pompe, ariko bigira ingaruka kumuvuduko ukenewe wa sisitemu.Coolers, amashyiga, pompe, imiyoboro hamwe nibindi bikoresho byapimwe kumuvuduko wimikorere wa psi 150, usanzwe mubikoresho nibikoresho bikora.Mugihe bishoboka, iri gipimo cyingutu kigomba kugumaho muburyo bwa sisitemu.Inyubako nyinshi zifatwa nkizamuka cyangwa hagati zizamuka ziri murwego rwa psi 150 ikora.
Mu gishushanyo mbonera cy'inyubako ndende, biragenda bigorana kugumana sisitemu n'ibikoresho biri munsi ya 150 psi.Umurongo uhagaze hejuru ya metero 350 (utongeyeho umuvuduko wa pompe muri sisitemu) uzarenza igipimo gisanzwe cyakazi cyiyi sisitemu (1 psi = 2.31 umutwe).Sisitemu ishobora gukoresha icyuma kimena ingufu (muburyo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe) kugirango gitandukanya ibisabwa byumuvuduko mwinshi winkingi mubindi bisigaye bihujwe nibikoresho.Ubu buryo bwa sisitemu buzafasha gushushanya no gushiraho ibyuma bikonjesha bisanzwe kimwe no kwerekana imiyoboro ihanitse hamwe nibindi bikoresho muminara ikonje.
Mugihe hagaragajwe imiyoboro yumushinga munini wikigo, uwashushanyije / injeniyeri agomba kumenya neza umunara nuyoboro byerekanwe kuri podiyumu, bikagaragaza ibyo basabwa (cyangwa ibisabwa hamwe niba abahindura ubushyuhe badakoreshwa mu gutandukanya akarere k’umuvuduko).
Ikindi kintu kigize sisitemu ifunze ni ugusukura amazi no kuvana ogisijeni iyo ari yo yose mu mazi.Sisitemu nyinshi za hydraulic zifite ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi bigizwe nimiti itandukanye hamwe na inhibitori kugirango amazi atembera mumiyoboro kuri pH nziza (hafi 9.0) hamwe na mikorobe kugirango irwanye ibinyabuzima byangiza no kwangirika.Guhagarika amazi muri sisitemu no gukuramo umwuka bifasha kongera ubuzima bwimiyoboro, pompe zijyanye, coil na valve.Umwuka uwo ari wo wose wafatiwe mu miyoboro urashobora gutera cavitation muma pompe yo gukonjesha no gushyushya kandi bikagabanya ihererekanyabubasha muri firime ikonjesha, itetse cyangwa izunguruka.
Umuringa: Andika L, B, K, M cyangwa C ushushanyije kandi ukomye cyane ukurikije ASTM B88 na B88M ufatanije na ASME B16.22 wakoze ibikoresho bikozwe mu muringa hamwe n’ibikoresho bigurishwa hamwe n’umugurisha utabigenewe cyangwa ugurisha kubisabwa mu nsi.
Umuyoboro ukomeye, andika L, B, K (muri rusange ukoreshwa munsi yubutaka) cyangwa A kuri ASTM B88 na B88M, hamwe na ASME B16.22 wakoze ibikoresho bikozwe mu muringa hamwe nibikoresho byahujwe no kugurisha ubutaka cyangwa hejuru yubutaka.Uyu muyoboro kandi utuma hakoreshwa ibikoresho bifunze.
Ubwoko K umuringa wa tubing nigituba kinini cyane kiboneka, gitanga umuvuduko wakazi wa 1534 psi.santimetero 100 F kuri ½.Moderi L na M ifite imbaraga zakazi zirenze K ariko ziracyakwiranye na progaramu ya HVAC (igitutu kiva kuri 1242 psi kuri 100F kugeza 12 muri. Na 435 psi na 395 psi Izi ndangagaciro zavanywe kumeza 3a, 3b na 3c yubuyobozi bwumuringa bwatangajwe na Copper Development Assn.
Izi mikorere ikora ni iy'imiyoboro igororotse, ntabwo isanzwe ikora umuvuduko muke wa sisitemu.Ibikoresho hamwe nibihuza bihuza uburebure bubiri bwumuyoboro birashoboka cyane gutemba cyangwa kunanirwa munsi yumuvuduko wimikorere ya sisitemu zimwe.Ubwoko busanzwe bwo guhuza imiyoboro y'umuringa ni gusudira, kugurisha cyangwa gufunga kashe.Ubu bwoko bwihuza bugomba gukorwa mubikoresho bidafite isasu kandi bigashyirwa ku gipimo giteganijwe muri sisitemu.
Buri bwoko bwihuza bushobora kubungabunga sisitemu idasohoka mugihe igikwiye gifunzwe neza, ariko sisitemu yitabira ukundi mugihe ibyingenzi bidafunze neza cyangwa byashizwemo.Ihuriro ryabacuruzi nugurisha birashoboka cyane kunanirwa no kumeneka mugihe sisitemu yuzuye yuzuye ikageragezwa kandi inyubako ikaba itarimo.Muri iki gihe, abashoramari n'abagenzuzi barashobora kumenya vuba aho urugingo ruva kandi bagakemura ikibazo mbere yuko sisitemu ikora neza kandi abagenzi na trim imbere byangiritse.Ibi birashobora kandi kubyara hamwe nibikoresho bifatika niba impeta cyangwa inteko byamenyekanye.Niba udakandagiye hasi kugirango umenye aho ikibazo giteye, amazi arashobora kuva mubikwiye kimwe nuwagurishije cyangwa ugurisha.Niba ibyuma bidashobora kumeneka bidasobanuwe neza mubishushanyo mbonera, rimwe na rimwe bizagumaho igitutu mugihe cyo kugerageza ubwubatsi kandi birashobora kunanirwa nyuma yigihe cyogukora, bikaviramo kwangirika kwinshi kumwanya wabigenewe ndetse no gukomeretsa ababirimo, cyane cyane iyo imiyoboro ishyushye inyuze mumiyoboro.amazi.
Ingano zingana z'umuringa zishingiye ku bisabwa n'amabwiriza, ibyifuzo by'abakora nibikorwa byiza.Kubikoresha amazi akonje (ubushyuhe bwo gutanga amazi mubisanzwe 42 kugeza 45 F), umuvuduko wateganijwe kuri sisitemu yo kuvoma umuringa ni metero 8 kumasegonda kugirango ugabanye urusaku rwa sisitemu kandi bigabanye isuri / ruswa.Kuri sisitemu y'amazi ashyushye (mubisanzwe 140 kugeza 180 F yo gushyushya ikirere hamwe na 205 F yo kubyara amazi ashyushye murugo muri sisitemu ya Hybrid), igipimo cyateganijwe kugipimo cyumuringa ni gito cyane.Igitabo gikubiyemo umuringa cyerekana urutonde rwumuvuduko nka metero 2 kugeza kuri 3 kumasegonda mugihe ubushyuhe bwo gutanga amazi buri hejuru ya 140 F.
Imiyoboro y'umuringa ubusanzwe iza mubunini runaka, kugeza kuri santimetero 12.Ibi bigabanya ikoreshwa ryumuringa mubikorwa bikuru byikigo, kuko ibishushanyo mbonera byubaka bisaba gusiba binini kurenza santimetero 12.Kuva ku gihingwa cyo hagati kugeza guhinduranya ubushyuhe.Gukuramo umuringa bikunze kugaragara muri sisitemu ya hydraulic ya santimetero 3 cyangwa munsi ya diameter.Kubunini burenga santimetero 3, ibyuma byashyizwemo ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane.Ibi biterwa no gutandukanya ibiciro hagati yicyuma n'umuringa, itandukaniro ryumurimo kumiyoboro isukuye hamwe nu muyoboro wasuditswe cyangwa wasizwe (ibyuma byumuvuduko ntibyemewe cyangwa bisabwa na nyirubwite cyangwa injeniyeri), hamwe n’umuvuduko w’amazi hamwe nubushyuhe muri ibi imbere muri buri muyoboro wibikoresho.
Icyuma: Umuyoboro w'icyuma cyangwa umukara kuri ASTM A 53 / A 53M hamwe nicyuma cyangiza (ASME B16.3) cyangwa ibyuma bikozwe (ASTM A 234 / A 234M) hamwe nicyuma cyuma (ASME B16.39).Flanges, fitingi hamwe nicyiciro 150 na 300 bihuza birahari hamwe nudupapuro cyangwa urudodo.Umuyoboro urashobora gusudira hamwe nicyuma cyuzuza ukurikije AWS D10.12 / D10.12M.
Ihuza na ASTM A 536 Icyiciro 65-45-12 Icyuma Cyuma, ASTM A 47 / A 47M Icyiciro 32510 Icyuma Cyuma Cyuma na ASTM A 53 / A 53M Icyiciro F, E, cyangwa S Icyiciro B Inteko Yicyuma, cyangwa ASTM A106, icyiciro cyicyuma B. Ibikoresho byometseho cyangwa byometse kumutwe.
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, imiyoboro yicyuma ikoreshwa cyane mumiyoboro minini muri sisitemu ya hydraulic.Ubu bwoko bwa sisitemu butuma umuvuduko utandukanye, ubushyuhe nubunini busabwa kugirango uhuze ibikenewe na sisitemu y'amazi akonje kandi ashyushye.Ibyiciro by'ibyiciro bya flanges, fitingi, na fitingi bivuga umuvuduko wakazi wamazi yuzuye muri psi.santimetero yikintu gihuye.Ibyiciro byo mucyiciro 150 byateguwe gukora kumuvuduko wakazi wa 150 psi.santimetero kuri 366 F, mugihe ibyiciro 300 byo mucyiciro bitanga umuvuduko wakazi wa 300 psi.kuri 550 F. Ibikoresho byo mucyiciro cya 150 bitanga hejuru ya 300 psi yumuvuduko wamazi.santimetero kuri 150 F, hamwe nicyiciro cya 300 gitanga umuvuduko wamazi agera kuri 2000 psi.santimetero kuri 150 F. Ibindi birango bya fitingi birahari kubwoko bwihariye bwimiyoboro.Kurugero, kubintu byuma byuma byuma na ASME 16.1 bifatanye, icyiciro cya 125 cyangwa 250 birashobora gukoreshwa.
Sisitemu yogusunika hamwe na sisitemu yo guhuza ikoresha ibice byaciwe cyangwa byakozwe kumpera yimiyoboro, fitingi, valve, nibindi kugirango uhuze hagati yuburebure bwumuyoboro cyangwa ibyuma hamwe na sisitemu yo guhuza byoroshye cyangwa bikomeye.Ihuriro rigizwe nibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi byahinduwe kandi bifite isabune muri bore yo guhuza.Izi sisitemu ziraboneka mubwoko bwa flange 150 na 300 hamwe nibikoresho bya gaze ya EPDM kandi birashobora gukora mubushyuhe bwamazi kuva 230 kugeza 250 F (bitewe nubunini bwumuyoboro).Imiyoboro ya pipe ikuwe mubitabo bya Victaulic nibitabo.
Gahunda ya 40 na 80 imiyoboro yicyuma iremewe kuri sisitemu ya HVAC.Umuyoboro werekana uburebure bwurukuta rwumuyoboro, wiyongera numubare wabigenewe.Hamwe no kwiyongera kwurukuta rwurukuta rwumuyoboro, igitutu cyemewe cyakazi cyumuyoboro ugororotse nacyo kiriyongera.Gahunda 40 tubing itanga igitutu cyakazi cya 1694 psi kuri ½ santimetero.Umuyoboro, 696 psi ya santimetero 12 (-20 kugeza 650 F).Byemerewe gukora akazi kuri Gahunda 80 tubing ni 3036 psi.santimetero (½ santimetero) na 1305 psi.santimetero (santimetero 12) (byombi -20 kugeza 650 F).Indangagaciro zavanywe mu gice cya Watson McDaniel Engineering Data.
Plastike: Imiyoboro ya pulasitike ya CPVC, ibikoresho bya sock kubisobanuro 40 na Ibisobanuro 80 kugeza ASTM F 441 / F 441M (ASTM F 438 kugeza kuri 40 na ASTM F 439 kugeza kuri 80) hamwe nudusimba twinshi (ASTM F493).
PVC umuyoboro wa pulasitike, ibikoresho bya sock kuri ASTM D 1785 gahunda ya 40 na gahunda 80 (ASM D 2466 ingengabihe 40 na ASTM D 2467 ingengabihe 80) hamwe nudusimba twa ASTM D 2564).Harimo primer kuri ASTM F 656.
Imiyoboro yombi ya CPVC na PVC irakwiriye kuri sisitemu ya hydraulic iri munsi yubutaka, nubwo no muri ibi bihe igomba kwitonderwa mugihe ushyira iyo miyoboro mumushinga.Imiyoboro ya plastiki ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yimyanda no guhumeka, cyane cyane mubidukikije munsi yubutaka aho imiyoboro yambaye ubusa ihura nubutaka bukikije.Muri icyo gihe, kurwanya ruswa ya imiyoboro ya CPVC na PVC ni byiza kubera kwangirika kwubutaka bumwe na bumwe.Imiyoboro ya Hydraulic isanzwe ikingiwe kandi igapfundikirwa icyuma kirinda PVC gitanga buffer hagati yicyuma nubutaka bukikije.Imiyoboro ya plastiki irashobora gukoreshwa muri sisitemu ntoya y'amazi akonje aho biteganijwe ko umuvuduko muke.Umuvuduko ntarengwa wakazi kumuyoboro wa PVC urenze 150 psi kubunini bwa pipe yose kugeza kuri santimetero 8, ariko ibi bireba gusa ubushyuhe bwa 73 F cyangwa munsi.Ubushyuhe ubwo aribwo buri hejuru ya 73 ° F buzagabanya umuvuduko wimikorere muri sisitemu yo kugeza kuri 140 ° F.Ikintu cyo guta agaciro ni 0.22 kuri ubu bushyuhe na 1.0 kuri 73 F. Ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora bwa 140 F ni kuri gahunda ya 40 na gahunda ya PVC ya 80.Umuyoboro wa CPVC urashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwagutse bwo gukora, bigatuma bukoreshwa kugeza kuri 200 F (hamwe nimpamvu ya 0.2), ariko ifite igipimo cyumuvuduko kimwe na PVC, ikemerera gukoreshwa mubisabwa bisanzwe bikonjesha munsi yubutaka.sisitemu y'amazi kugeza kuri santimetero 8.Kuri sisitemu y'amazi ashyushye agumana ubushyuhe bwamazi bugera kuri 180 cyangwa 205 F, PVC cyangwa CPVC ntabwo byemewe.Amakuru yose yakuwe mubisobanuro bya Harvel PVC nibisobanuro bya CPVC.
Imiyoboro Imiyoboro itwara ibintu byinshi bitandukanye, ibinini, na gaze.Byombi byamazi nibidashobora gutemba bitemba muri sisitemu.Bitewe nubwoko butandukanye bwamazi atwarwa muri sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi, imiyoboro ivugwa ishyirwa mubikorwa nkimiyoboro y'amazi yo murugo cyangwa imiyoboro y'amazi hamwe n'umuyaga uhumeka.
Amazi yo murugo: Umuyoboro woroshye wumuringa, ubwoko bwa ASTM B88 K na L, ubwoko bwa ASTM B88M A na B, hamwe nibikoresho byumuvuduko wumuringa (ASME B16.22).
Gukomera Umuringa Ukomeye, Ubwoko bwa ASTM B88 Ubwoko bwa L na M, Ubwoko bwa ASTM B88M B na C, hamwe nu bikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa Cast Copper Weld (ASME B16.18), Ibikoresho byo mu muringa byakozwe (ASME B16.22), Umuringa wa Bronze (ASME B16.24)) hamwe nu muringa (MCS SP-123).Umuyoboro kandi wemerera gukoresha ibikoresho bifunze.
Ubwoko bw'imiyoboro y'umuringa hamwe n'ibipimo bifitanye isano byakuwe mu gice cya 22 11 16 cya MasterSpec.Igishushanyo mbonera cy'umuringa wo gutanga amazi yo murugo kigarukira kubisabwa nigipimo ntarengwa.Basobanuwe neza muburyo bukurikira:
Igice cya 610.12.1 yo mu gitabo cya Uniform Plumbing Code 2012 kivuga: Umuvuduko ntarengwa mu muringa w’umuringa n’umuringa hamwe na sisitemu ikwiye ntigomba kurenza metero 8 ku isegonda mu mazi akonje na metero 5 ku isegonda mu mazi ashyushye.Indangagaciro nazo zisubirwamo mugitabo cya Copper Tubing Handbook, ikoresha izo ndangagaciro nkibisabwa umuvuduko mwinshi kuri ubu bwoko bwa sisitemu.
Andika 316 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ukurikije ASTM A403 hamwe nibindi bisa ukoresheje guhuza gusudira cyangwa gufatisha imiyoboro minini yo murugo no gusimbuza mu buryo butaziguye imiyoboro y'umuringa.Hamwe n'izamuka ry'igiciro cy'umuringa, imiyoboro y'ibyuma idafite ingese iragenda igaragara muri sisitemu y'amazi yo mu ngo.Ubwoko bw'imiyoboro n'ibipimo bifitanye isano biva mubuyobozi bw'abasirikare (VA) MasterSpec Icyiciro 22 11 00.
Agashya gashya kazashyirwa mu bikorwa kandi kazashyirwa mu bikorwa muri 2014 ni itegeko rigenga ubuyobozi bw’amazi yo kunywa.Ubu ni amategeko yubahiriza amategeko ariho muri Californiya na Vermont yerekeranye nibiri mu nzira y'amazi y'imiyoboro iyo ari yo yose, imiyoboro, cyangwa ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri sisitemu y'amazi yo mu ngo.Iri tegeko rivuga ko ubuso bwose butose bw’imiyoboro, ibyuma n'ibikoresho bigomba kuba “bidafite isasu”, bivuze ko ibiyobora byinshi “bitarenze igipimo kiremereye cya 0,25% (gurş)”.Ibi birasaba ababikora gukora ibicuruzwa bidafite isasu kugirango bubahirize amategeko mashya.Ibisobanuro bitangwa na UL mu Mabwiriza yo kuyobora mu Kunywa Amazi.
Kuvoma no guhumeka: Imiyoboro itwara ibyuma itagira umuyonga hamwe nibikoresho bihuye na ASTM A 888 cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe imiyoboro ya Cast Iron Sewer Piping Institute (CISPI) 301. Ibikoresho bya sovent bihuye na ASME B16.45 cyangwa ASSE 1043 birashobora gukoreshwa hamwe na sisitemu idahagarara.
Gutera imiyoboro y'icyuma hamwe n'ibikoresho bifatika bigomba kubahiriza ASTM A 74, gasketi ya reberi (ASTM C 564) hamwe na sisitemu nziza hamwe na oak cyangwa fibre fibre (ASTM B29).
Ubwoko bubiri bwimyanda burashobora gukoreshwa mumazu, ariko imiyoboro idafite imiyoboro hamwe nibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane hejuru yubutaka mu nyubako zubucuruzi.Gutera imiyoboro y'icyuma hamwe na CISPI Plugless Fittings yemerera kwishyiriraho burundu, irashobora guhindurwa ukundi cyangwa irashobora kugerwaho ukuraho clamp clamp, mugihe ugumana ubuziranenge bwumuyoboro wicyuma, ugabanya urusaku rwo guturika mumigezi yimyanda inyuze mumiyoboro.Ikibi cyo guta ibyuma byuma ni uko amazi yangirika kubera imyanda ya acide iboneka mubwiherero busanzwe.
ASME A112.3.1 imiyoboro idafite ibyuma hamwe nibikoresho bifite imirishyo yaka kandi yaka umuriro birashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwiza bwo kuvoma amazi mu mwanya wibyuma.Amashanyarazi adafite ibyuma nayo akoreshwa mugice cya mbere cyamazi, ahuza igorofa yo hasi aho ibicuruzwa bya karuboni biva kugirango bigabanye kwangirika.
Umuyoboro ukomeye wa PVC ukurikije ASTM D 2665 (drainage, diverion na vents) hamwe numuyoboro wubuki wa PVC ukurikije ASTM F 891 (Umugereka wa 40), guhuza umuriro (ASTM D 2665 na ASTM D 3311, imiyoboro, imyanda n’umuyaga) bikwiranye na gahunda ya 40 ya ASTM (ASTM F 656) hamwe na ASTM D 6564.Imiyoboro ya PVC irashobora kuboneka hejuru no munsi yubutaka bwububiko bwubucuruzi, nubwo bikunze kugaragara munsi yubutaka kubera gutobora imiyoboro hamwe nibisabwa bidasanzwe.
Mu bubasha bw’ubwubatsi bwa Nevada y'Amajyepfo, Ivugurura mpuzamahanga ryo mu 2009 (IBC) rivuga:
603.1.2.1 Ibikoresho.Imiyoboro yaka yemerewe gushyirwaho mucyumba cya moteri, ikikijwe n’amasaha abiri adashobora guhangana n’umuriro kandi ikarindwa byimazeyo na pompe zikoresha.Imiyoboro ishobora gutwikwa irashobora gukorerwa mucyumba cy’ibikoresho ikajya mu bindi byumba, hashingiwe ko iyo miyoboro ifungiwe mu nteko idasanzwe yemewe y’amasaha abiri.Iyo imiyoboro ishobora gutwikwa inyuze mu rukuta rwumuriro na / cyangwa hasi / igisenge, kwinjira bigomba gutomorwa kubintu byihariye byo kuvoma bifite amanota F na T bitari munsi yumuriro usabwa kugirango winjire.Imiyoboro yaka ntigomba gucengera kurwego rumwe.
Ibi birasaba imiyoboro yose yaka (plastike cyangwa ubundi) igaragara munzu yo mucyiciro cya 1A nkuko byasobanuwe na IBC kugirango izenguruke mumasaha 2.Gukoresha imiyoboro ya PVC muri sisitemu yo gufata amazi bifite ibyiza byinshi.Ugereranije no guta imiyoboro y'icyuma, PVC irwanya ruswa na okiside iterwa n'imyanda yo mu bwiherero n'isi.Iyo ushyizwe mu nsi, imiyoboro ya PVC nayo irwanya kwangirika kwubutaka bukikije (nkuko bigaragara mu gice cya HVAC).Umuyoboro wa PVC ukoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kuvoma urashobora gukorerwa imbogamizi zingana na sisitemu ya hydraulic ya HVAC, hamwe n’ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora bwa 140 F. Ubu bushyuhe bukaba buteganijwe n’ibisabwa n’amategeko agenga imiyoboro imwe hamwe n’amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga imiyoboro, ateganya ko imyuka yose isohoka imyanda igomba kuba munsi ya 140 F.
Igice cya 810.1 cyo mu gitabo cy’amazi y’amazi ya 2012 kivuga ko imiyoboro y’amazi itagomba guhuzwa neza na sisitemu yo kuvoma cyangwa imiyoboro, kandi amazi ari hejuru ya 140 F (60 C) ntagomba gusohoka mu muyoboro w’umuvuduko.
Ingingo ya 803.1 yo mu gitabo cy’amategeko mpuzamahanga y’amazi ya 2012 ivuga ko imiyoboro y’amazi itagomba guhuzwa na sisitemu y’amazi cyangwa igice icyo aricyo cyose cy’amazi, kandi amazi ari hejuru ya 140 F (60 C) ntagomba gusohoka mu gice icyo aricyo cyose cy’amazi.
Sisitemu idasanzwe yo guhuza ifitanye isano no gutwara ibintu bidasanzwe.Aya mazi arashobora kuva kumiyoboro ya aquarium yo mumazi kugeza kumuyoboro wo gutanga imiti kuri sisitemu y'ibikoresho byo koga.Sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi ya Aquarium ntabwo isanzwe mumazu yubucuruzi, ariko yashyizwe mumahoteri amwe afite sisitemu ya pompe ya kure ihuza ahantu hatandukanye kuva mucyumba cyo kuvoma.Ibyuma bitagira umwanda bisa nkubwoko bubereye bwo gukoresha amazi yo mu nyanja bitewe nubushobozi bwayo bwo kubuza kwangirika hamwe nandi mazi y’amazi, ariko amazi yumunyu arashobora kwangirika no kwangiza imiyoboro idafite ibyuma.Kubisabwa nkibi, plastike cyangwa umuringa-nikel CPVC imiyoboro yinyanja yujuje ibyangombwa byangirika;mugihe ushyira iyo miyoboro mubucuruzi bunini bwubucuruzi, hagomba gutekerezwa gutwika imiyoboro.Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, gukoresha imiyoboro yaka umuriro mu majyepfo ya Nevada bisaba ubundi buryo busabwa kwerekana ubushake bwo kubahiriza kode yubwubatsi.
Umuyoboro wa pisine utanga amazi meza yo kwibiza mu mubiri urimo imiti igabanya ubukana (12.5% ​​sodium hypochlorite bleach na aside hydrochloric irashobora gukoreshwa) kugirango ibungabunge pH hamwe n’imiti nkuko bisabwa n’ishami ry’ubuzima.Usibye kuvoma imiyoboro ya chimique, chlorine yuzuye hamwe nindi miti igomba gutwarwa mububiko bwibikoresho byinshi hamwe nibyumba byibikoresho byihariye.Imiyoboro ya CPVC irwanya imiti itanga chlorine, ariko imiyoboro myinshi ya ferrosilicon irashobora gukoreshwa nkuburyo bwimiyoboro yimiti iyo inyuze mubwubatsi budashya (urugero Ubwoko 1A).Irakomeye ariko yoroheje kuruta umuyoboro usanzwe wicyuma kandi uremereye kuruta imiyoboro igereranijwe.
Iyi ngingo iraganira kuri bike mubishoboka byinshi byo gushushanya imiyoboro.Baserukira ubwoko bwinshi bwa sisitemu yashizwe mumazu manini yubucuruzi, ariko burigihe hazabaho ibitandukanijwe n amategeko.Muri rusange igishushanyo mbonera ni umutungo utagereranywa muguhitamo imiyoboro ya sisitemu runaka no gusuzuma ibipimo bikwiye kuri buri gicuruzwa.Ibisobanuro bisanzwe bizuzuza ibisabwa mumishinga myinshi, ariko abashushanya naba injeniyeri bagomba kubisubiramo mugihe cyiminara miremire, ubushyuhe bwinshi, imiti yangiza, cyangwa impinduka mumategeko cyangwa mububasha.Wige byinshi kubyerekeranye no gukuramo amazi nibisabwa kugirango ufate ibyemezo byuzuye kubicuruzwa byashyizwe mumushinga wawe.Abakiriya bacu batwizera nkabanyamwuga bashushanya gutanga inyubako zabo nubunini bukwiye, buringaniye neza kandi buhendutse aho imiyoboro igera mubuzima bwabo buteganijwe kandi ntizigera ihura nikibazo gikomeye.
Matt Dolan numu injeniyeri wumushinga muri JBA Consulting Engineers.Ubunararibonye bwe bushingiye ku gishushanyo mbonera cya HVAC na pompe zuburyo butandukanye bwubaka nkibiro byubucuruzi, ibigo nderabuzima hamwe n’ibigo byakira abashyitsi, harimo iminara miremire y’abashyitsi hamwe na resitora nyinshi.
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