2. Nkag siab txog peb hom kav dej: HVAC (hydraulic), kav dej (dej hauv tsev, dej phwj tuaj thiab qhov cua) thiab cov kav dej tshuaj thiab cov kav dej tshwj xeeb (cov kav dej hiav txwv thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg).
Cov kav dej thiab cov kav dej muaj nyob hauv ntau lub tsev.Ntau tus neeg tau pom P-trap lossis cov kav dej tub yees hauv qab lub dab dej ua rau thiab los ntawm kev sib cais.Tsawg tus neeg pom cov kav dej loj hauv cov nroj tsuag hauv nruab nrab lossis cov tshuaj ntxuav hauv cov khoom siv hauv pas dej ua ke.Txhua daim ntawv thov no yuav tsum muaj ib hom yeeb nkab uas ua tau raws li cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, kev txwv lub cev, cov lej, thiab kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws.
Tsis muaj cov kav dej yooj yim uas haum rau txhua daim ntawv thov.Cov tshuab no ua tau raws li txhua qhov kev xav tau ntawm lub cev thiab cov cai yog tias cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb tau ntsib thiab cov lus nug raug nug los ntawm cov tswv thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm.Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem tswj tau cov nqi tsim nyog thiab coj lub sijhawm los tsim kom muaj lub tsev zoo.
HVAC ducts muaj ntau cov kua dej sib txawv, qhov kub thiab txias.Cov kav dej tuaj yeem nyob saum toj lossis qis dua hauv av thiab khiav los ntawm sab hauv lossis sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev.Cov yam tseem ceeb no yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum qhia txog HVAC piping hauv qhov project.Lub sij hawm "hydrodynamic cycle" yog hais txog kev siv dej los ua qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov cua sov kom txias thiab cua sov.Hauv txhua daim ntawv thov, dej yog muab los ntawm tus nqi ntws thiab qhov kub thiab txias.Kev hloov pauv cua sov hauv ib chav yog los ntawm cua-rau-dej coil tsim los rov qab dej ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.Qhov no ua rau lub fact tias ib tug npaum li cas ntawm tshav kub yog kis los yog tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw.Kev ncig ntawm cov dej txias thiab cua sov yog lub ntsiab lus siv rau cov cua txias cov chaw lag luam loj.
Rau feem ntau cov ntawv thov hauv tsev qis, qhov kev cia siab ua haujlwm siab yog feem ntau tsawg dua 150 phaus ib square inch (psig).Lub kaw lus hydraulic (cov dej txias thiab dej kub) yog lub kaw lus kaw.Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub twj tso kua mis tag nrho lub taub hau dynamic yuav siv sij hawm rau hauv tus account kev sib txhuam ntawm cov kav dej, cov coils, li qub thiab accessories.Qhov siab zoo li qub ntawm lub kaw lus tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub twj tso kua mis, tab sis nws cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm lub cev.Coolers, boilers, twj tso kua mis, piping thiab accessories yog ntsuas rau 150 psi kev khiav hauj lwm siab, uas yog ib yam rau cov khoom thiab cov khoom manufacturers.Thaum ua tau, qhov ntsuas qhov siab yuav tsum tau khaws cia hauv qhov system tsim.Ntau lub tsev uas suav tias yog qis lossis nruab nrab-nce poob rau hauv 150 psi ua haujlwm siab.
Hauv kev tsim lub tsev siab, nws tau dhau los ua qhov nyuaj los ua kom cov kav dej thiab cov khoom siv qis dua 150 psi tus qauv.Static kab taub hau saum toj no txog 350 ko taw (tsis ntxiv lub twj tso kua mis siab rau lub cev) yuav dhau qhov ntsuas kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov tshuab no (1 psi = 2.31 ko taw taub hau).Lub kaw lus yuav zoo li siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab (hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob) kom cais cov kev xav tau siab dua ntawm kab los ntawm qhov seem ntawm cov kav dej txuas thiab cov khoom siv.Qhov kev tsim qauv no yuav tso cai rau kev tsim thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov txheej txheem txias txias nrog rau kev qhia txog cov kav dej siab dua thiab cov khoom siv hauv cov cua txias ntauwd.
Thaum qhia txog cov kav dej rau lub tsev kawm ntawv loj, tus tsim qauv / tus kws tsim qauv yuav tsum paub meej txog tus pej thuam thiab cov kav dej uas tau teev tseg rau lub podium, xav txog lawv cov kev xav tau ntawm tus kheej (lossis cov kev xav tau sib sau yog tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis siv los cais thaj chaw siab).
Lwm qhov ntawm lub kaw lus kaw yog dej huv thiab tshem tawm cov pa oxygen los ntawm dej.Feem ntau cov tshuab hydraulic tau nruab nrog cov dej kho dej uas muaj ntau yam tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom cov dej ntws los ntawm cov kav dej ntawm qhov pom zoo pH (nyob ib ncig ntawm 9.0) thiab qib microbial los tawm tsam cov yeeb nkab biofilms thiab corrosion.Stabilizing cov dej hauv qhov system thiab tshem tawm cov huab cua pab txuas ntxiv lub neej ntawm cov kav dej, cov twj tso kua mis, coils thiab li qub.Cov cua uas nyob hauv cov kav dej tuaj yeem ua rau cavitation hauv cov twj tso kua mis txias thiab cua sov thiab txo cov cua kub hloov mus rau hauv qhov txias, boiler lossis cov coils.
Copper: Hom L, B, K, M lossis C kos thiab tawv tubing raws li ASTM B88 thiab B88M ua ke nrog ASME B16.22 wrought tooj liab fittings thiab fittings nrog txhuas-dawb solder los yog solder rau underground daim ntaub ntawv.
Cov yeeb nkab tawv tawv, hom L, B, K (feem ntau tsuas yog siv hauv qab hauv av) lossis A rau ASTM B88 thiab B88M, nrog ASME B16.22 wrought tooj liab fittings thiab fittings txuas los ntawm cov hlau lead-dawb lossis saum av soldering.Lub raj no kuj tso cai rau siv cov khoom siv kaw.
Hom K tooj liab tubing yog cov tubing tuab tshaj plaws, muab kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm 1534 psi.nti ntawm 100 F rau ½ nti.Cov qauv L thiab M muaj kev ua haujlwm qis dua li K tab sis tseem ua tau zoo rau cov ntawv thov HVAC (qhov siab ntawm 1242 psi ntawm 100F mus rau 12 in. thiab 435 psi thiab 395 psi Cov txiaj ntsig no yog coj los ntawm Tables 3a, 3b thiab 3c ntawm Copper Tubing Development Guide Assn.
Cov kev khiav hauj lwm siab no yog rau cov yeeb nkab ncaj nraim khiav, uas tsis yog ib txwm siab txwv khiav ntawm lub kaw lus.Fittings thiab kev sib txuas txuas ob qhov ntev ntawm cov yeeb nkab feem ntau yuav xau los yog ua tsis tiav nyob rau hauv kev khiav hauj lwm siab ntawm qee lub tshuab.Hom kev sib txuas rau cov kav hlau yog vuam, soldering lossis pressurized sealing.Cov hom kev sib txuas no yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj hlau lead thiab ntsuas rau qhov xav tau siab hauv qhov system.
Txhua hom kev sib txuas muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov tsis muaj qhov dej xau thaum lub fittings raug kaw kom zoo, tab sis cov tshuab no teb txawv thaum lub fitting tsis tag nrho kaw los yog swaged.solder thiab solder pob qij txha feem ntau yuav ua tsis tau thiab xau thaum lub kaw lus thawj zaug sau thiab kuaj thiab lub tsev tseem tsis tau nyob.Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov neeg cog lus thiab cov neeg soj ntsuam tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov twg qhov sib koom ua ke tau tawg thiab kho qhov teeb meem ua ntej lub kaw lus ua haujlwm tag nrho thiab cov neeg caij tsheb thiab cov khoom siv sab hauv raug puas tsuaj.Qhov no tseem tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab nrog cov khoom xau-tooj ​​yog tias lub nplhaib nrhiav kom pom los yog sib dhos tau teev tseg.Yog tias koj tsis nias txhua txoj hauv kev los txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem, dej tuaj yeem tawm ntawm qhov haum zoo ib yam li solder lossis solder.Yog tias cov khoom sib txuas tsis tau teev nyob rau hauv kev tsim, qee zaum lawv yuav nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub siab thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho thiab yuav ua tsis tau tsuas yog tom qab lub sij hawm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau rau qhov chaw nyob thiab muaj peev xwm raug mob rau cov neeg nyob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog rhuab kub kav dhau los ntawm cov kav dej.dej.
Cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov yeeb nkab tooj liab yog ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm cov kev cai, cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus pom zoo thiab cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws.Rau kev siv dej txias (dej kub feem ntau yog 42 txog 45 F), qhov kev pom zoo txwv ceev rau cov kav dej tooj liab yog 8 feet ib pliag kom txo cov suab nrov thiab txo qhov muaj peev xwm yaig / xeb.Rau cov tshuab dej kub (feem ntau yog 140 txog 180 F rau qhov chaw cua sov thiab mus txog 205 F rau kev tsim cov dej kub hauv tsev hauv hybrid), qhov kev pom zoo txwv rau cov kav dej tooj liab yog tsawg dua.Phau Ntawv Qhia Copper Tubing teev cov kev ceev no li 2 mus rau 3 ko taw ib pliag thaum cov dej kub siab tshaj 140 F.
Cov kav dej tooj liab feem ntau tuaj ntawm qhov loj me, mus txog 12 ntiv tes.Qhov no txwv tsis pub siv tooj liab hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev kawm ntawv, vim tias cov qauv tsim hauv tsev no feem ntau yuav tsum tau ducting loj dua 12 ntiv tes.Los ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv nruab nrab mus rau kev sib txuas cov cua sov exchangers.Copper tubing yog ntau dua nyob rau hauv hydraulic systems 3 nti los yog tsawg dua nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla.Rau qhov ntau thiab tsawg tshaj 3 ntiv tes, slotted steel tubing yog siv ntau dua.Qhov no yog vim qhov sib txawv ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov hlau thiab tooj liab, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm rau cov yeeb nkab corrugated piv rau welded lossis brazed yeeb nkab (lub siab fittings tsis raug tso cai los yog pom zoo los ntawm tus tswv lossis engineer), thiab cov dej pom zoo thiab qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv cov khoom hauv txhua lub raj xa dej.
Hlau: Dub los yog galvanized steel yeeb nkab rau ASTM A 53 / A 53M nrog cov hlau hlau (ASME B16.3) lossis wrought hlau (ASTM A 234 / A 234M) fittings thiab ductile hlau (ASME B16.39) fittings.Flanges, fittings thiab chav kawm 150 thiab 300 kev sib txuas yog muaj nrog threaded lossis flanged fittings.Cov yeeb nkab tuaj yeem welded nrog cov hlau muab tub lim raws li AWS D10.12/D10.12M.
Ua raws li ASTM A 536 Chav Kawm 65-45-12 Cov Hlau Hlau, ASTM A 47 / A 47M Chav Kawm 32510 Cov Hlau Hlau thiab ASTM A 53 / A 53M Chav Kawm F, E, lossis S Qib B Sib Tsoo Hlau, lossis ASTM A106, steel qib Fittings grooves B.
Raws li tau hais los saum no, cov kav hlau steel feem ntau siv rau cov kav dej loj hauv cov tshuab hydraulic.Hom kab ke no tso cai rau ntau yam kev xav tau, qhov kub thiab txias kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov dej txias thiab cua sov.Chav kawm cov npe rau flanges, fittings, thiab fittings hais txog kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov dej saturated hauv psi.nti ntawm cov khoom sib xws.Chav Kawm 150 fittings yog tsim los ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm 150 psi.nti ntawm 366 F, thaum Chav Kawm 300 fittings muab kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm 300 psi.ntawm 550 F. Chav Kawm 150 fittings muab tshaj 300 psi ua haujlwm dej siab.nti ntawm 150 F, thiab Chav Kawm 300 fittings muab txog 2,000 psi ua haujlwm dej siab.nti ntawm 150 F. Lwm hom fittings muaj rau cov yeeb nkab tshwj xeeb.Piv txwv li, rau cam khwb cia hlau yeeb nkab flanges thiab ASME 16.1 flanged fittings, qib 125 lossis 250 tuaj yeem siv.
Grooved piping thiab kev sib txuas tshuab siv txiav los yog tsim grooves ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov kav dej, fittings, li qub, thiab lwm yam los txuas ntawm txhua qhov ntev ntawm cov yeeb nkab los yog fittings nrog ib tug saj zawg zog los yog nruj kev twb kev txuas system.Cov couplings no muaj ob lossis ntau qhov bolted thiab muaj lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws hauv qhov sib txuas.Cov tshuab no muaj nyob rau hauv 150 thiab 300 chav kawm flange hom thiab EPDM gasket cov ntaub ntawv thiab muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej kub ntawm 230 txog 250 F (nyob ntawm cov yeeb nkab loj).Grooved yeeb nkab ntaub ntawv yog muab los ntawm Victaulic phau ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
Teem sijhawm 40 thiab 80 steel kav yog siv tau rau HVAC systems.Cov yeeb nkab specification yog hais txog phab ntsa thickness ntawm cov yeeb nkab, uas nce nrog cov specification tooj.Nrog rau kev nce hauv phab ntsa thickness ntawm cov yeeb nkab, qhov tso cai ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov yeeb nkab ncaj kuj nce.Teem sijhawm 40 tubing tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm 1694 psi rau ½ nti.Cov yeeb nkab, 696 psi nti rau 12 nti (-20 txog 650 F).Tso cai ua haujlwm siab rau Teem 80 tubing yog 3036 psi.nti (½ nti) thiab 1305 psi.nti (12 nti) (ob leeg -20 txog 650 F).Cov txiaj ntsig no tau muab los ntawm Watson McDaniel Engineering Data section.
Plastics: CPVC yas kav, qhov (socket) fittings rau Specification 40 thiab Specification 80 rau ASTM F 441 / F 441M (ASTM F 438 rau Specification 40 thiab ASTM F 439 rau Specification 80) thiab hnyav nplaum nplaum (ASTM F493).
PVC yas yeeb nkab, lub qhov (socket) fittings ib ASTM D 1785 teem sij hawm 40 thiab teem sij hawm 80 (ASM D 2466 sij hawm 40 thiab ASTM D 2467 sij hawm 80) thiab hnyav adhesives (ASTM D 2564).Xws li primer rau ASTM F 656.
Ob lub CPVC thiab PVC piping yog tsim rau hydraulic systems hauv qab no, txawm hais tias txawm nyob rau hauv cov kev mob no yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thaum txhim kho cov kav dej hauv ib qhov project.Cov kav dej yas yog siv dav hauv cov kav dej phwj thiab qhov cua tshuab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hauv av uas cov kav dej liab qab tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov av ib puag ncig.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm CPVC thiab PVC kav yog qhov zoo vim yog corrosivity ntawm qee cov av.Hydraulic piping feem ntau yog insulated thiab npog nrog ib tug tiv thaiv PVC sheath uas muab ib tug buffer ntawm cov hlau piping thiab cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm.Cov kav dej yas tuaj yeem siv tau rau hauv cov dej txias me me uas yuav tsum tau ua kom qis dua.Qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm siab rau PVC yeeb nkab tshaj 150 psi rau tag nrho cov yeeb nkab loj txog 8 ntiv tes, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog siv rau qhov kub ntawm 73 F lossis qis dua.Txhua qhov kub siab tshaj 73 ° F yuav txo qhov kev ua haujlwm siab hauv cov kav dej mus rau 140 ° F.Lub derating yam yog 0.22 ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 1.0 ntawm 73 F. Qhov siab tshaj plaws kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm 140 F yog rau Schedule 40 thiab Teem caij 80 PVC yeeb nkab.CPVC yeeb nkab muaj peev xwm tiv taus ntau qhov kev ua haujlwm kub, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev siv txog 200 F (nrog rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm 0.2), tab sis muaj qhov ntsuas siab zoo ib yam li PVC, tso cai rau nws siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem siab hauv qab daim ntawv thov tub yees.dej systems txog li 8 nti.Rau cov dej kub uas tswj cov dej kub siab txog 180 lossis 205 F, PVC lossis CPVC kav tsis pom zoo.Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv yog muab los ntawm Harvel PVC yeeb nkab specifications thiab CPVC yeeb nkab specifications.
Pipes Pipes muaj ntau yam kua, khoom, thiab gases.Ob qho tib si potable thiab non-potable kua ntws hauv cov tshuab no.Vim muaj ntau yam kua dej nqa hauv cov kav dej, cov kav dej hauv nqe lus nug tau muab cais ua cov kav dej hauv tsev lossis cov kav dej thiab cov kav dej.
Cov dej hauv tsev: Cov yeeb nkab mos tooj liab, ASTM B88 hom K thiab L, ASTM B88M hom A thiab B, nrog cov khoom siv tooj liab siab fittings (ASME B16.22).
Hard Copper Tubing, ASTM B88 Hom L thiab M, ASTM B88M Hom B thiab C, nrog Cast Copper Weld Fittings (ASME B16.18), Wrought Copper Weld Fittings (ASME B16.22), Bronze Flanges (ASME B16.24) thiab tooj liab fittings (ASME B16.24).Lub raj kuj tso cai rau kev siv cov khoom sib khi.
Cov yeeb nkab tooj liab thiab cov qauv muaj feem xyuam raug coj los ntawm Tshooj 22 11 16 ntawm MasterSpec.Kev tsim cov kav dej tooj liab rau kev siv dej hauv tsev tsuas yog txwv los ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntws.Lawv tau teev nyob rau hauv cov kav dej specification raws li hauv qab no:
Tshooj 610.12.1 ntawm 2012 Uniform Plumbing Code hais tias: Qhov siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloy cov yeeb nkab thiab cov tshuab haum yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 8 feet ib pliag hauv dej txias thiab 5 feet ib pliag hauv dej kub.Cov txiaj ntsig no tseem rov ua dua hauv Phau Ntawv Copper Tubing, uas siv cov txiaj ntsig no raws li kev pom zoo siab tshaj plaws rau cov hom kab ke no.
Hom 316 stainless hlau piping raws li ASTM A403 thiab fittings zoo sib xws siv welded los yog knurled couplings rau cov kav dej loj hauv tsev thiab hloov ncaj qha rau cov kav dej tooj liab.Nrog rau kev nce nqi ntawm tooj liab, cov kav dej stainless hlau tau dhau los ua ntau dua hauv cov dej hauv tsev.Hom yeeb nkab thiab cov qauv muaj feem xyuam yog los ntawm Veterans Administration (VA) MasterSpec Tshooj 22 11 00.
Ib qho kev hloov tshiab tshiab uas yuav raug siv thiab siv rau xyoo 2014 yog Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Dej Haus Dej Leadership Act.Qhov no yog tsoomfwv txoj cai lij choj tam sim no hauv California thiab Vermont hais txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau lead hauv cov dej ntawm cov kav dej, li qub, lossis cov khoom siv siv hauv cov dej hauv tsev.Txoj cai lij choj hais tias txhua qhov chaw ntub dej ntawm cov kav dej, fittings thiab fixtures yuav tsum yog "dawb txhuas", uas txhais tau hais tias qhov siab tshaj plaws txhuas cov ntsiab lus "tsis pub tshaj qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm 0.25% ( txhuas) ".Qhov no xav kom cov tuam txhab tsim cov khoom lag luam tsis muaj hlau lead kom ua raws li cov cai tshiab.Cov ntsiab lus yog muab los ntawm UL nyob rau hauv Cov Lus Qhia rau Lead hauv Cov Dej Haus Dej.
Cov kav dej thiab qhov cua: Lub tes tsho tsis muaj cam khwb cia hlau kav dej thiab fittings ua raws li ASTM A 888 los yog Cast Iron Sewer Piping Institute (CISPI) 301. Sovent fittings conforming rau ASME B16.45 los yog ASSE 1043 tuaj yeem siv nrog lub kaw lus tsis nres.
Cov kav dej cam khwb cia hlau thiab flanged fittings yuav tsum ua raws li ASTM A 74, roj hmab gaskets (ASTM C 564) thiab cov hmoov lead ntshiab thiab ntoo qhib lossis hemp fiber sealant (ASTM B29).
Ob hom ducting tuaj yeem siv tau hauv cov tsev, tab sis ductless ducting thiab fittings feem ntau yog siv saum toj no hauv av hauv cov tsev lag luam.Cam khwb cia hlau kav nrog CISPI Plugless Fittings tso cai rau kev txhim kho mus tas li, tuaj yeem rov kho dua lossis tuaj yeem nkag mus tau los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov hlua khi, thaum khaws cov yeeb nkab hlau zoo, uas txo cov suab nrov ntawm cov kwj dej los ntawm cov yeeb nkab.Lub downside rau cam khwb cia hlau kav dej yog hais tias cov kav dej deteriorates vim cov acidic pov tseg nyob rau hauv ib txwm chav da dej installation.
ASME A112.3.1 stainless hlau kav thiab fittings nrog flared thiab flared kawg yuav siv tau rau cov dej zoo nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cam khwb cia hlau kav.Stainless hlau kav dej kuj tseem siv rau thawj ntu ntawm cov kav dej, uas txuas mus rau hauv pem teb dab dej uas cov khoom carbonated ntws los txo qhov kev puas tsuaj corrosion.
Khoom PVC yeeb nkab raws li ASTM D 2665 (drainage, diversion thiab vents) thiab PVC honeycomb yeeb nkab raws li ASTM F 891 (Annex 40), flare kev twb kev txuas (ASTM D 2665 rau ASTM D 3311, ntws, pov tseg thiab vents) haum rau Schedule 40 primer5 yeeb nkab (Adhives) thiab ASTM D6 (Adhivesive) 564 ib.).Cov kav dej PVC tuaj yeem pom saum toj thiab hauv qab hauv av hauv cov tsev lag luam, txawm hais tias lawv feem ntau tau teev tseg hauv qab no vim yog cov yeeb nkab tawg thiab cov cai tshwj xeeb.
Hauv kev tsim kho kev txiav txim siab ntawm Southern Nevada, 2009 International Building Code (IBC) Hloov Kho hais tias:
603.1.2.1 Khoom siv.Cov raj xa hluav taws xob tau tso cai rau nruab rau hauv chav cav, kaw los ntawm ob teev hluav taws kub-resistant qauv thiab tiv thaiv tag nrho los ntawm cov tshuab tsis siv neeg.Cov kav dej uas muaj hluav taws kub tuaj yeem khiav ntawm chav tsev khoom mus rau lwm chav, yog tias cov kav dej tau muab kaw rau hauv ib qho kev pom zoo tshwj xeeb ob-teev hluav taws-resistant sib dhos.Thaum cov kav dej uas muaj hluav taws kub tau dhau los ntawm cov phab ntsa hluav taws thiab / lossis cov plag tsev / qab nthab, qhov nkag mus yuav tsum tau teev tseg rau cov khoom siv yeeb nkab tshwj xeeb nrog qib F thiab T tsis qis dua qhov yuav tsum tau muaj hluav taws kub rau kev nkag mus.Cov kav dej uas muaj hluav taws kub yuav tsum tsis txhob nkag mus rau ntau tshaj ib txheej.
Qhov no yuav tsum tau tag nrho cov piping combustible (yas los yog lwm yam) muaj nyob rau hauv chav kawm 1A lub tsev raws li tau hais los ntawm IBC yuav tsum tau qhwv nyob rau hauv ib tug 2 teev qauv.Kev siv cov kav dej PVC hauv cov kav dej muaj ntau qhov zoo.Piv nrog rau cov kav hlau cam khwb cia, PVC yog ntau resistant rau corrosion thiab oxidation los ntawm chav dej khib nyiab thiab lub ntiaj teb.Thaum muab tso rau hauv av, cov kav dej PVC kuj tiv taus corrosion ntawm cov av ib puag ncig (raws li qhia hauv HVAC piping seem).PVC piping siv nyob rau hauv cov kav dej yog ua raws li cov kev txwv ib yam li HVAC hydraulic system, nrog rau qhov siab tshaj plaws kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm 140 F. Qhov kub thiab txias no yog ntxiv los ntawm cov kev cai ntawm Uniform Piping Code thiab International Piping Code, uas tau teev tseg tias txhua qhov tso tawm rau cov khoom pov tseg yuav tsum qis dua 140 F.
Tshooj 810.1 ntawm 2012 Uniform Plumbing Code hais tias cov kav dej yuav tsum tsis txhob txuas ncaj qha mus rau cov kav dej lossis cov kav dej, thiab cov dej siab tshaj 140 F (60 C) yuav tsum tsis txhob tso ncaj qha mus rau hauv qhov dej ntws.
Tshooj 803.1 ntawm 2012 International Plumbing Code hais tias cov kav dej yuav tsum tsis txhob txuas nrog cov kav dej lossis ib feem ntawm cov kav dej, thiab cov dej siab tshaj 140 F (60 C) yuav tsum tsis txhob tso rau hauv ib feem ntawm cov kav dej.
Cov kav dej tshwj xeeb yog txuam nrog kev thauj cov kua dej tsis zoo.Cov kua dej no tuaj yeem muaj los ntawm cov kav dej rau cov thoob dej yug ntses marine mus rau cov kav dej rau kev muab tshuaj rau cov khoom siv hauv pas dej da dej.Cov kav dej thoob dej yug ntses tsis muaj nyob hauv cov tsev lag luam, tab sis lawv tau teeb tsa hauv qee lub tsev so nrog cov kav dej hauv thaj chaw deb txuas rau ntau qhov chaw los ntawm chav tsev twj tso kua mis.Stainless hlau zoo li cov kav dej tsim nyog rau cov dej hiav txwv vim nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv corrosion nrog lwm cov dej, tab sis cov dej ntsev tuaj yeem ua rau corrode thiab erode stainless hlau kav.Rau cov ntawv thov no, yas lossis tooj liab-nickel CPVC cov kav dej ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj corrosion;Thaum muab cov kav dej tso rau hauv qhov chaw lag luam loj, qhov flammability ntawm cov kav dej yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab.Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, kev siv cov kav dej sib txuas hauv Southern Nevada yuav tsum muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los thov kom ua kom pom lub hom phiaj ua raws li cov cai hauv tsev.
Lub pas dej da dej uas muab cov dej huv rau lub cev rau hauv lub cev muaj cov tshuaj diluted (12.5% ​​​​sodium hypochlorite bleach thiab hydrochloric acid tuaj yeem siv tau) kom tswj tau qhov pH thiab tshuaj sib npaug raws li lub chaw saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv.Ntxiv nrog rau cov tshuaj dilute piping, tag nrho cov tshuaj chlorine bleach thiab lwm yam tshuaj yuav tsum raug thauj los ntawm cov khoom ntim khoom thiab cov chav tshwj xeeb.CPVC cov kav dej yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj chlorine bleach, tab sis cov kav dej ferrosilicon siab tuaj yeem siv los ua lwm txoj hauv kev rau cov kav dej tshuaj thaum dhau los ntawm cov tsev tsis-combustible (xws li Hom 1A).Nws muaj zog tab sis nkig ntau dua li cov qauv cam khwb cia hlau yeeb nkab thiab hnyav dua li cov kav dej sib piv.
Kab lus no tham txog tsuas yog qee qhov ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev tsim cov kav dej.Lawv sawv cev rau ntau hom kev teeb tsa hauv cov tsev lag luam loj, tab sis yuav muaj kev zam rau txoj cai.Tag nrho cov tswv specification yog ib tug invaluable kev pab nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab piping hom rau ib tug muab system thiab ntsuam xyuas cov qauv tsim nyog rau txhua yam khoom.Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb yuav ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ntau txoj haujlwm, tab sis cov neeg tsim qauv thiab cov kws tsim qauv yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas lawv thaum nws los txog rau cov tsev siab siab, qhov kub thiab txias, tshuaj lom neeg, lossis kev hloov hauv txoj cai lossis kev txiav txim.Kawm paub ntxiv txog cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov kav dej thiab cov kev txwv kom paub txog kev txiav txim siab txog cov khoom uas tau teeb tsa hauv koj qhov project.Peb cov neeg siv khoom tso siab rau peb ua cov kws tshaj lij tsim qauv los muab lawv lub tsev nrog qhov loj me, zoo sib npaug thiab tsim qauv tsim nyog uas cov ducts ncav cuag lawv lub neej xav tau thiab yeej tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj loj.
Matt Dolan yog ib tus kws tshaj lij ntawm JBA Consulting Engineers.Nws qhov kev paub dhau los nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov HVAC complex thiab cov kav dej rau ntau hom tsev xws li chaw ua lag luam, chaw kho mob thiab chaw tos txais qhua, suav nrog cov qhua siab siab thiab ntau lub tsev noj mov.
Koj puas muaj kev paub dhau los thiab kev paub txog cov ntsiab lus hauv cov ntsiab lus no?Koj yuav tsum xav txog kev pabcuam rau peb CFE Media editorial team thiab tau txais kev lees paub koj thiab koj lub tuam txhab tsim nyog.Nyem qhov no los pib txheej txheem.