2. Nzwisisa mhando nhatu dzemapombi masisitimu: HVAC (hydraulic), pombi dzemvura (mvura yemumba, seweji uye mhepo inofefetera) uye makemikari uye akakosha pombi masisitimu (mvura yegungwa uye makemikari ane njodzi).
Plumbing uye pombi dzemvura dziripo mune dzakawanda zvinhu zvekuvaka.Vanhu vazhinji vaona P-musungo kana refrigerant pombi pasi pedhishi inotungamira uye kubva kune yakakamurwa system.Vashoma vanhu vanoona maininjiniya pombi dzemvura muchirimwa chepakati kana kemikari yekuchenesa hurongwa muimba yemidziyo yedziva.Chimwe nechimwe chezvishandiso izvi chinoda imwe mhando yepombi inosangana nezvakatsanangurwa, zvipingaidzo zvemuviri, macode, uye akanakisa dhizaini maitiro.
Iko hakuna nyore pombi yemvura mhinduro inokodzera ese maapplication.Aya masisitimu anozadzisa zvese zvemuviri uye kodhi zvinodiwa kana chaiyo dhizaini maitiro akazadzikiswa uye mibvunzo yakakodzera inobvunzwa varidzi nevashandisi.Uye zvakare, ivo vanogona kuchengetedza iyo yakakodzera mutengo uye kutungamira nguva yekugadzira yakabudirira kuvaka sisitimu.
MaHVAC ducts ane akawanda akasiyana emvura, mafambiro uye tembiricha.Iyo duct inogona kunge iri pamusoro kana pasi pevhu uye inomhanya nemukati kana kunze kwechivako.Izvi zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa pakutsanangura HVAC pombi mupurojekiti.Izwi rekuti "hydrodynamic cycle" rinoreva kushandiswa kwemvura senzira yekutamisa kupisa yekutonhodza nekudziya.Mukushandiswa kwega kwega, mvura inopihwa pamwero wakapihwa wekuyerera uye tembiricha.Kupisa kupisa mukamuri kunoitwa nemhepo-kumvura coil yakagadzirirwa kudzorera mvura patembiricha yakatarwa.Izvi zvinotungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti humwe huwandu hwekupisa hunotamiswa kana kubviswa kubva panzvimbo.Kutenderera kwekutonhora nekudziya kwemvura ndiyo huru sisitimu inoshandiswa pamhepo yekufemesa nzvimbo huru dzekutengesa.
Kune akawanda epasi-kukwira ekuvaka zvikumbiro, iyo inotarisirwa sisitimu yekumanikidza inowanzoitika isingasviki 150 pounds per square inch (psig).Iyo hydraulic system (inotonhora uye inopisa mvura) ivhavha redunhu system.Izvi zvinoreva kuti simba rose repombi rine simba rinofunga nezvekurasikirwa kwepombi mupombi, makoiri anoenderana, mavharuvhu uye zvishongedzo.Iyo static kureba kweiyo system haina kukanganisa kushanda kwepombi, asi inokanganisa iyo inodiwa yekushanda kumanikidza kwehurongwa.Inotonhorera, boilers, pombi, pombi uye zvishongedzo zvakarongerwa 150 psi inoshanda kumanikidza, iyo yakajairika kune midziyo uye vagadziri vechikamu.Pazvinogoneka, iyi chiyero chekumanikidza inofanirwa kuchengetedzwa muhurongwa hwekugadzira.Zvivakwa zvakawanda zvinonzi zvakaderera kana zvepakati-kusimuka zvinowira muchikamu che150 psi inoshanda yekumanikidza.
Mukugadzirwa kwezvivakwa zvepamusoro-soro, zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera kuoma kuchengeta mapombi masisitimu nemidziyo iri pasi pe150 psi standard.Static line musoro pamusoro pemamita mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu (pasina kuwedzera pombi yekumanikidza kuhurongwa) ichapfuura iyo yakajairwa yekushanda yekumanikidza chiyero cheaya masisitimu (1 psi = 2.31 tsoka musoro).Iyo sisitimu ingangoshandisa yekumanikidza breaker (muchimiro cheanopisa kupisa) kupatsanura iyo yakanyanya kudzvanywa inodiwa yekoramu kubva kune yakasara yepombi yakabatana nemidziyo.Iyi dhizaini yedhizaini inobvumira dhizaini uye kuisirwa kweyakajairwa kutonhora kunotonhorera pamwe nekutsanangura yakakwira yekumanikidza pombi uye zvishongedzo mushongwe yekutonhodza.
Kana uchitsanangura pombi yepurojekiti hombe yekambasi, mugadziri/injiniya anofanira kuziva shongwe uye pombi yakatsanangurwa yepodium, ichiratidza zvavanoda ivo pachavo (kana zvinodikanwa zvakabatanidzwa kana zvinopisa kupisa zvikasashandiswa kupatsanura nzvimbo yekumanikidza).
Chimwe chikamu chegadziriro yakavharwa ndeyekuchenesa mvura uye kubviswa kweokisijeni chero ipi zvayo kubva mumvura.Mazhinji ma hydraulic masisitimu akashongedzerwa ane mvura yekurapa system inosanganisira akasiyana makemikari uye inhibitors kuchengetedza mvura ichiyerera nepapombi pane yakakwana pH (inenge 9.0) uye hutachiona nhanho kurwisa pombi biofilms uye ngura.Kudzikamisa mvura muhurongwa uye kubvisa mhepo kunobatsira kuwedzera hupenyu hwepombi, mapombi anosanganiswa, makoiri nemavharuvhu.Chero mweya wakavharirwa mumapombi unogona kukonzera cavitation mukutonhodza uye kudziyisa pombi dzemvura uye kuderedza kupisa kwekufambisa mune inotonhorera, boiler kana kutenderera coils.
Mhangura: Type L, B, K, M kana C yakadhonzwa uye yakaomeswa tubing zvinoenderana neASTM B88 neB88M yakabatana neASME B16.22 yakagadzira mafittings emhangura uye mafittings ane lead-isina solder kana solder yekushandisa pasi pevhu.
Pombi yakaomeswa, mhando L, B, K (inowanzo shandiswa chete pazasi pezinga repasi) kana A paASTM B88 neB88M, ine ASME B16.22 yakagadzira simbi yemhangura uye mafittings akabatana neasina lead kana pamusoro pevhu solder.Iyi chubhu inobvumirawo kushandiswa kwezvisimbiso zvakavharwa.
Type K copper tubing ndiyo yakakora tubing iripo, ichipa kushanda nesimba kwe1534 psi.inch pa 100 F ye ½ inch.Mienzaniso L uye M ine yakaderera kushanda kudzvinyirira kupfuura K asi ichiri kunyatsokodzera HVAC applications (kudzvanywa kunotangira pa1242 psi pa100F kusvika 12 in. uye 435 psi uye 395 psi Aya maitiro anotorwa kubva kuTables 3a, 3b uye 3c yeCopper Tubing Development Guides sezvakadhindwa neCopper.
Aya madzvinyiriro ekushanda ndeaya akatwasuka pombi anomhanya, ayo asingawanzo kumanikidza anogumira kumhanya kweiyo system.Fittings uye zvinobatanidza zvinobatanidza hurefu huviri hwepombi zvinowanzodonha kana kukundikana pasi pekumanikidza kwekushanda kwemamwe masisitimu.Mhando dzekubatanidza dzemapombi emhangura ndeye welding, soldering kana kuisirwa chisimbiso.Aya marudzi ekubatanidza anofanirwa kugadzirwa kubva kune-lead-isina zvinhu uye akayerwa kune inotarisirwa kudzvanywa muhurongwa.
Imwe neimwe mhando yekubatanidza inokwanisa kuchengetedza inovuza-isina sisitimu kana iyo yekukodzera yakanyatsovharwa, asi masisitimu aya anopindura zvakasiyana kana iyo yekukodzera isina kuvharwa kana kuvharwa.Solder uye solder majoini anowanzo kutadza uye kudonha kana sisitimu yatanga kuzadzwa nekuedzwa uye chivakwa chisati chagarwa.Muchiitiko ichi, makondirakiti nevanoongorora vanogona kukurumidza kuona kuti mubatanidzwa urikupi uye kugadzirisa dambudziko risati ranyatsoshanda uye vafambi nemukati memukati vakuvadzwa.Izvi zvinogona zvakare kudhindwa nezvinobvinza-zvisina kusimba kana rin'i yekuona kubuda kana gungano ratsanangurwa.Kana ukasatsikirira kusvika pasi kuti uone nzvimbo ine dambudziko, mvura inogona kudonha kubva pakukodzera senge solder kana solder.Kana zvigadziriso zvekuvuza zvisina kutsanangurwa mudhizaini, dzimwe nguva zvinoramba zvichimanikidzwa panguva yekuyedzwa kwekuvaka uye zvinogona kukundikana chete mushure menguva yekushanda, zvichikonzera kukuvadza kwakawanda kunzvimbo yakagarwa uye kukuvara kunogoneka kune vanogara, kunyanya kana kupisa kwepombi dzinopisa dzichipfuura nepapombi.mvura.
Iyo yemhangura pombi saizi yekurudziro yakavakirwa pane zvinodikanwa zvemirairo, kurudziro yemugadziri uye maitiro akanaka.Pakushandisa mvura inotonhora (tembiricha yemvura inowanzoitika 42 kusvika 45 F), iyo inokurudzirwa yekumhanyisa pombi masisitimu emhangura ndeye 8 tsoka pasekondi kuderedza ruzha rwehurongwa uye kuderedza mukana wekukukurwa/kuora.Kune masisitimu emvura inopisa (kazhinji 140 kusvika 180 F yekudziya nzvimbo uye inosvika 205 F yekugadzirwa kwemvura inopisa mudzimba mumasystem akasanganiswa), muganho unokurudzirwa wepombi dzemhangura wakaderera.The Copper Tubing Manual inonyora masipidhi aya semamita maviri kusvika matatu pasekondi apo tembiricha yemvura iri pamusoro pe140 F.
Mapaipi emhangura anowanzo kuuya mune imwe saizi, kusvika masendimita gumi nemaviri.Izvi zvinomisa kushandiswa kwemhangura mumidziyo mikuru yekambasi, sezvo madhizaini ekuvaka aya anowanzoda kudhonzwa kwakakura kudarika 12 inches.Kubva pachirimwa chepakati kusvika kune yakabatana kupisa exchangers.Copper tubing inonyanya kuwanda mu hydraulic systems 3 inches kana pasi mudhayamita.Kune saizi inopfuura 3 inches, slotted simbi tubing inonyanya kushandiswa.Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemusiyano wemutengo uri pakati pesimbi nemhangura, mutsauko wevashandi wepombi ine corrugated pombi inopesana neyakaiswa welded kana brazed pombi (kumanikidza fittings hazvibvumidzwe kana kukurudzirwa nemuridzi kana mainjiniya), uye inokurudzirwa mavhaidhi emvura uye tembiricha mune izvi mukati meimwe neimwe yezvinhu pombi.
Simbi: Dema kana galvanized simbi pombi paASTM A 53/A 53M ine ductile iron (ASME B16.3) kana yakaroverwa simbi (ASTM A 234/A 234M) fittings uye ductile iron (ASME B16.39) fittings.Flanges, mafittings uye kirasi 150 uye mazana matatu ekubatanidza anowanikwa ane shinda kana flanged fittings.Iyo pombi inogona kubatanidzwa nesimbi yekuzadza zvinoenderana neAWS D10.12/D10.12M.
Inopindirana neASTM A 536 Kirasi 65-45-12 Ductile Iron, ASTM A 47/A 47M Kirasi 32510 Ductile Iron uye ASTM A 53/A 53M Kirasi F, E, kana S Giredhi B Gungano Simbi, kana ASTM A106, simbi yakavharwa giredhi yekuisa giredhi B.
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, mapaipi esimbi anonyanya kushandiswa kune yakakura mapaipi mu hydraulic systems.Iyi mhando yehurongwa inobvumira kudzvanywa kwakasiyana-siyana, tembiricha uye saizi zvinodiwa kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvechilled uye inopisa mvura masisitimu.Mazita ekirasi maflange, mafittings, uye mafittings anoreva kushanda kudzvanywa kwesaturated steam mupsi.inch yechinhu chinoenderana.Kirasi 150 zvigadziriso zvakagadzirirwa kushanda pakumanikidza kwekushanda kwe150 psi.inch pa 366 F, nepo Kirasi 300 fittings inopa kushanda nesimba kwe300 psi.pa550 F. Kirasi 150 fittings inopa pamusoro pe300 psi kushanda kwemvura kudzvinyirira.inch pa150 F, uye Class 300 fittings inopa kusvika 2,000 psi kushanda kwemvura.inch pa150 F. Mamwe mabhureki ezvigadziriso anowanikwa kune chaiwo mhando dzepombi.Semuyenzaniso, for cast iron pombi flanges uye ASME 16.1 flanged fittings, mamakisi 125 kana 250 anogona kushandiswa.
Grooved pombi uye ekubatanidza masisitimu anoshandisa akachekwa kana kuumbwa magrooves kumagumo emapombi, mafittings, mavharuvhu, nezvimwewo kubatanidza pakati pehurefu hwega hwega pombi kana mafittings ane inochinjika kana yakasimba yekubatanidza system.Aya mabatani ane zvikamu zviviri kana kupfuura zvakasungwa uye zvine washer mubhokisi rekubatanidza.Aya masisitimu anowanikwa mu150 uye 300 kirasi flange mhando uye EPDM gasket zvinhu uye anokwanisa kushanda pamvura tembiricha kubva 230 kusvika 250 F (zvichienderana pombi saizi).Ruzivo rwepombi yakasimudzwa inotorwa kubva kuVictaulic manuals uye mabhuku.
Schedule 40 uye 80 mapaipi esimbi anogamuchirwa kune HVAC masisitimu.Chirevo chepombi chinoreva kukora kwemadziro epombi, iyo inowedzera nehuwandu hwehuwandu.Nekuwedzera kwehupamhi hwemadziro epombi, kushandiswa kunobvumirwa kushanda kwepombi yakananga kunowedzerawo.Schedule 40 tubing inobvumira kushanda kwe1694 psi kwe½ inch.Pipe, 696 psi inch for 12 inches (-20 kusvika 650 F).Inobvumirwa kushanda kudzvanywa kweSchedule 80 tubing ndeye 3036 psi.inch (½ inch) uye 1305 psi.inch (12 inches) (zvose -20 kusvika 650 F).Aya maitiro anotorwa kubva kuWatson McDaniel Engineering Data chikamu.
Plastics: CPVC epurasitiki pombi, socket fittings kuti Specification 40 uye Specification 80 kusvika ASTM F 441/F 441M (ASTM F 438 kusvika Specification 40 uye ASTM F 439 kuti Specification 80) uye solvent adhesives (ASTM F493).
PVC plastiki pombi, socket fittings paASTM D 1785 chirongwa 40 uye kuronga makumi masere (ASM D 2466 chirongwa 40 uye ASTM D 2467 chirongwa 80) uye zvinonyungudutsa zvinonamira (ASTM D 2564).Inosanganisira primer paASTM F 656.
Ose ari maviri CPVC uye PVC pombi akakodzera hydraulic masisitimu pazasi pevhu, kunyangwe pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya kutarisirwa kunofanirwa kutorwa pakuisa idzi pombi mupurojekiti.Mapombi epurasitiki anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaseji uye madhizaini emhepo, kunyanya munzvimbo dzepasi pevhu apo pombi dzisina chinhu dzinosangana zvakananga nevhu rakatenderedza.Panguva imwecheteyo, kushorwa kweCPVC nePVC pombi kunobatsira nekuda kwekuora kweimwe ivhu.Hydraulic piping inowanzovharirwa uye yakavharwa neinodzivirira PVC sheath inopa buffer pakati pepiping yesimbi nevhu rakatenderedza.Mapombi epurasitiki anogona kushandiswa mumasisitimu madiki emvura akatonhorwa uko kunotarisirwa kudzikira.Iyo yakanyanya kumanikidza yekushanda yePVC pombi inodarika 150 psi kune ese mapaipi saizi kusvika masendimita masere, asi izvi zvinoshanda chete kune tembiricha ye73 F kana pasi.Chero tembiricha iri pamusoro pe 73 ° F inoderedza kumanikidza kwekushandisa mupombi system kusvika 140 ° F.The derating factor is 0.22 at this temperature and 1.0 at 73 F. Maximum operating tembiricha ye140 F is for Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 PVC pipe.CPVC pombi inokwanisa kushingirira tembiricha yekushanda yakakura, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa kusvika ku200 F (ine derating factor ye0.2), asi ine chiyero chakafanana chekumanikidza sePVC, ichiibvumira kushandiswa mukumanikidza kwakajairwa pasi pevhu mafiriji maapplication.masisitimu emvura anosvika masendimita masere.Kune masisitimu emvura inopisa anochengetedza tembiricha yepamusoro yemvura inosvika 180 kana 205 F, PVC kana CPVC pombi hazvikurudzirwe.Yese data inotorwa kubva kuHarvel PVC pombi yakatarwa uye CPVC pombi yakatarwa.
Mapombi Mapombi anotakura zvinwiwa zvakawanda zvakasiyana, zvinyoro, uye magasi.Zvese zvinwiwa zvinonwiwa nezvisinganwike zvinoyerera mumasystem aya.Nekuda kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemvura inotakurwa mupombi yepombi, mapaipi ari mubvunzo anotsanangurwa sepombi dzemvura dzemumba kana pombi dzemvura uye dzekufema.
Mvura yemumba: Pombi yemhangura yakapfava, ASTM B88 mhando K uye L, ASTM B88M mhando A uye B, ine yakagadzirwa copper pressure fittings (ASME B16.22).
Hard Copper Tubing, ASTM B88 Types L uye M, ASTM B88M Types B uye C, ine Cast Copper Weld Fittings (ASME B16.18), Wrought Copper Weld Fittings (ASME B16.22), Bronze Flanges (ASME B16.24)) uye copper fittings (MCS SP-12).Iyo chubhu inobvumirawo kushandiswa kwezvakavharwa fittings.
Mhando dzepombi dzemhangura uye zviyero zvinoenderana zvinotorwa kubva kuChikamu 22 11 16 cheMasterSpec.Dhizaini yepombi yemhangura yekugovera mvura yemumba inoganhurwa nezvinodiwa zvehuwandu hwekuyerera kwemazinga.Iwo anotsanangurwa mupipeline yakatarwa sezvinotevera:
Section 610.12.1 ye2012 Uniform Plumbing Code inoti: Iyo yakanyanya kumhanya mumhangura nemhangura alloy pombi uye fitting system haifanire kudarika 8 tsoka pasekondi mumvura inotonhora uye 5 tsoka pasekondi mumvura inopisa.Aya makoshero anodzokororwa zvakare muCopper Tubing Handbook, iyo inoshandisa aya makoshero seyakanyanya kukurudzirwa kumhanya kweaya marudzi emasystem.
Type 316 Stainless simbi pombi zvinoenderana neASTM A403 uye mafirita akafanana anoshandisa welded kana knurled couplings emapaipi makuru emvura epamba uye kutsiva zvakananga kwepombi dzemhangura.Nekukwira kwemutengo wemhangura, mapaipi esimbi asina tsvina ari kuwedzera kuwanda muhurongwa hwemvura yemumba.Mhando dzepombi uye zviyero zvine hukama zvinobva kuVeterans Administration (VA) MasterSpec Chikamu 22 11 00.
Hutsva hutsva huchaitwa nekusimbiswa muna 2014 ndiyo Federal Drinking Water Leadership Act.Uku kuita kwemubatanidzwa kwemitemo iripo muCalifornia neVermont maererano nezvinotungamira munzira dzemvura dzemapombi, mavharuvhu, kana mafittings anoshandiswa mumasisitimu emvura epamba.Mutemo unoti nzvimbo dzese dzakanyorova dzepombi, zvekuisa uye zvigadziriso zvinofanirwa kunge zvisina "lead-isina", zvinoreva kuti iyo yakanyanya lead yemukati "haipfuure avhareji yakayerwa ye0.25% (lead)".Izvi zvinoda kuti vagadziri vagadzire zvigadzirwa zvekukandwa zvisina lead kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa nemutemo.Ruzivo rwunopihwa neUL muNhungamiro Yekutungamira muKunwa Mvura Zvikamu.
Drainage uye kufefetedza mhepo: Mapombi etsvina yesimbi isina maoko nemidziyo inopindirana neASTM A 888 kana Cast Iron Sewer Piping Institute (CISPI) 301. Sovent fittings inoenderana ASME B16.45 kana ASSE 1043 inogona kushandiswa isina-stop system.
Mapombi etsvina yesimbi uye mafittings ane flanged anofanirwa kuenderana neASTM A 74, rubber gaskets (ASTM C 564) uye pure lead uye oak kana hemp fiber sealant (ASTM B29).
Marudzi ese ari maviri ekudhiraivha anogona kushandiswa muzvivakwa, asi ductless ducting uye mafittings anonyanya kushandiswa pamusoro penzvimbo yepasi muzvivakwa zvekutengesa.Mapombi esimbi ane CISPI Plugless Fittings anobvumira kuisirwa zvachose, anogona kugadziridzwa kana kuwanikwa nekubvisa mabhendi mabhendi, uchichengeta mhando yepombi yesimbi, iyo inoderedza ruzha rwekuputika murukova rwemarara kuburikidza nepombi.Iyo yakaderera yekukanda masimbi epombi ndeyekuti pombi dzemvura dzinodzikira nekuda kwemarara ane acid anowanikwa mune yakajairika yekugezera kuisirwa.
ASME A112.3.1 pombi dzesimbi dzisina simbi uye mafittings ane mheto dzakatsva uye dzine mheto dzinogona kushandiswa pamhando yepamusoro dzemadhiraivha panzvimbo yepombi dzesimbi dzakakandwa.Stainless steel plumbing inoshandiswawo kune chikamu chekutanga chepombi yemvura, iyo inobatanidza kune sink yepasi apo iyo carbonated product inodonha kuderedza kuparara kwekuora.
Yakasimba PVC pombi zvinoenderana neASTM D 2665 (gedhi, diversion uye mavhaira) uye PVC huchi pombi zvinoenderana neASTM F 891 (Annex 40), flare zvinongedzo (ASTM D 2665 kusvika ASTM D 3311, dhiraivha, marara uye mavhaira) akakodzera Schedule 40 pombi), adhesive DASTM 5 pombi 6, adhesive 6MASTM 6 adhesive 5 adhesive FASTM 6 uye adhesive 2MASTM4 )Mapaipi ePVC anogona kuwanikwa pamusoro uye pazasi penzvimbo yepasi muzvivakwa zvekutengesa, kunyangwe iwo anowanzo kunyorwa pazasi nhanho yepasi nekuda kwekutsemuka kwepombi uye zvakakosha mutemo zvinodiwa.
Munzvimbo yekuvaka yeSouthern Nevada, iyo 2009 International Building Code (IBC) Amendment inoti:
603.1.2.1 Equipment.Mapaipi anopisa anobvumirwa kuiswa mukamuri yeinjini, yakavharwa neawa maviri-inodzivirira moto chimiro uye yakachengetedzwa zvizere neatomatiki sprinklers.Mapombi anobvira anogona kubva mukamuri yemidziyo kuenda kune mamwe makamuri, kunze kwekunge pombi yakavharirwa mugungano rakabvumidzwa remaawa maviri risingatsvi.Kana mapombi anopisa akadaro achipfuura nemadziro emoto uye/kana pasi/masirin’i, kupinda kunofanira kutsanangurwa kune chaiyo pombi zvinhu zvine mamakisi F uye T kwete kuderera pane inodiwa moto kuramba kupinda.Mapombi anopisa haafanire kupinda anopfuura rimwe danda.
Izvi zvinoda zvese zvinopisa pombi (purasitiki kana neimwe nzira) iripo muchivako cheKirasi 1A sekutsanangurwa kwazvinoitwa neIBC kuti iputirwe muchimiro cheawa maviri.Kushandiswa kwePVC mapaipi mumadhiraini masisitimu kune akawanda mabhenefiti.Kuenzaniswa nemapombi esimbi, PVC inoshingirira mukuora uye oxidation inokonzerwa nemarara yekugezera uye pasi.Kana akaiswa pasi pevhu, mapaipi ePVC anoshingirirawo mukuora kwevhu rakatenderedza (sezvinoratidzwa muchikamu chepombi cheHVAC).PVC pombi inoshandiswa mumugero wemvura inoenderana nemipimo yakafanana neHVAC hydraulic system, ine kupisa kwakanyanya kwekushanda kwe 140 F. Iyi tembiricha inowedzerwazve nezvinodiwa zveUniform Piping Code uye International Piping Code, iyo inotaura kuti chero kubuda kune tsvina receptors kunofanira kuva pasi pe140 F.
Chikamu 810.1 che2012 Uniform Plumbing Code inotaura kuti pombi dzemvura hadzifanirwe kubatanidzwa zvakananga kune pombi kana dhizaini system, uye mvura iri pamusoro pe140 F (60 C) haifanirwe kuburitswa yakananga mudhiraini yakamanikidzwa.
Section 803.1 ye2012 International Plumbing Code inotaura kuti pombi dzemvura hadzifanirwe kubatanidzwa kune dhiraivha system kana chero chikamu chepombi system, uye mvura iri pamusoro pe140 F (60 C) haifanirwe kuburitswa mune chero chikamu cheiyo drainage system.
Special pombi masisitimu ane chekuita nekutakurwa kwezvinwiwa zvisiri zvemazuva ese.Zvinwiwa izvi zvinogona kubva papombi dzemvura dzemugungwa kusvika papombi dzekugovera makemikari kune masisitimu emidziyo yedhamu rekushambira.Aquarium plumbing masisitimu haawanzo muzvivako zvekutengesa, asi anoiswa mune mamwe mahotera ane ari kure epombi masisitimu akabatana nenzvimbo dzakasiyana kubva pakati pepakati pombi.Simbi isina tsvina inoita seyakakodzera pombi yemhando yemvura yegungwa nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuvharira ngura nemamwe masisitimu emvura, asi mvura yemunyu inogona kukoromora nekubvisa pombi dzesimbi isina tsvina.Nezvikumbiro zvakadaro, mapurasitiki kana mhangura-nickel CPVC marine pombi dzinosangana nekuora zvinodiwa;pakuisa mapaipi aya munzvimbo huru yekutengeserana, kupisa kwepombi kunofanirwa kutariswa.Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kushandiswa kwepombi dzinopisa muSouthern Nevada kunoda imwe nzira yekukumbirwa kuratidza chinangwa chekutevedzera kodhi yemhando yekuvaka.
Pombi yedziva inopa mvura yakacheneswa kunyudzwa kwemuviri ine huwandu hwemakemikari (12.5% ​​sodium hypochlorite bleach uye hydrochloric acid inogona kushandiswa) kuchengetedza chaiyo pH uye chiyero chemakemikari sezvinodiwa nebazi rezvehutano.Pamusoro pekunyungudutsa kemikari pombi, yakazara chlorine bleach uye mamwe makemikari anofanirwa kutakurwa kubva munzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuchengetera zvinhu uye nemakamuri emidziyo yakakosha.Mapombi eCPVC anoshingirira makemikari ekushandisa chlorine bleach, asi mapaipi eferrosilicon akakwirira anogona kushandiswa seimwe nzira yepombi dzemakemikari kana achipfuura nemhando dzezvivakwa zvisingatsvi (semuenzaniso Type 1A).Iyo yakasimba asi yakanyanya brittle kupfuura standard cast iron pombi uye inorema kupfuura inofananidzwa mapaipi.
Ichi chinyorwa chinokurukura zvishoma pane zvakawanda zvingaita zvekugadzira pombi masisitimu.Ivo vanomiririra akawanda marudzi eakaiswa masisitimu muzvivakwa zvakakura zvekutengesa, asi pachagara paine zvisizvo kune mutemo.Iyo yakazara master specimendi chinhu chakakosha pakuona mhando yepombi yeyakapihwa sisitimu uye kuongorora maitiro akakodzera echigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe.Zviyero zvakajairwa zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvemapurojekiti mazhinji, asi vagadziri uye mainjiniya vanofanirwa kuzviongorora kana zvasvika kune yakakwirira-inokwira shongwe, tembiricha yepamusoro, makemikari ane njodzi, kana shanduko yemutemo kana hutongi.Dzidza zvakawanda nezve kurudziro yepombi uye zvirambidzo kuti uite sarudzo ine ruzivo nezve zvigadzirwa zvakaiswa muprojekiti yako.Vatengi vedu vanovimba nesu senyanzvi dzekugadzira kuti tipe zvivakwa zvavo saizi yakakodzera, zvakadzikama uye zvinokwanisika madhizaini uko madhakisi anosvika pahupenyu hwavo hwaanotarisirwa uye asingambosangana nekutadza kwakaipisisa.
Matt Dolan injiniya yeprojekiti kuJBA Consulting Engineers.Chiitiko chake chiri mukugadzirwa kweHVAC yakaoma uye masisitimu epombi emhando dzakasiyana dzezvivakwa senge mahofisi ekutengesa, nzvimbo dzehutano uye nzvimbo dzekugamuchira vaeni, kusanganisira shongwe dzevaenzi dzakakwirira uye maresitorendi akawanda.
Iwe une ruzivo uye ruzivo rwemisoro yakafukidzwa mune ino chinyorwa?Iwe unofanirwa kufunga nezve kupa kune yedu CFE Media edhita timu uye kuwana kuzivikanwa iwe nekambani yako makakodzera.Dzvanya pano kuti utange maitiro.