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Kwangirika kwa Microbial (MIC) nikibazo gikomeye munganda nyinshi kuko gishobora guteza igihombo kinini mubukungu.2707 super duplex ibyuma bitagira umuyonga (2707 HDSS) byakoreshejwe mubidukikije byo mu nyanja kubera kurwanya imiti ihebuje.Nyamara, kurwanya MIC ntabwo byagaragaye mubushakashatsi. Muri ubu bushakashatsi, imyitwarire ya MIC ya 2707 HDSS yatewe na bacteri ya aerobic. kuba biofilm ya Pseudomonas aeruginosa muri 2216E iciriritse, habaye impinduka nziza mubushobozi bwo kwangirika no kwiyongera k'ubucucike bwa ruswa. Isesengura rya X-ray-fotoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) ryerekanye ko igabanuka ryibintu bya Cr hejuru yikigereranyo munsi yubuzima bwa biofilm.Isesengura ryerekana ibyobo byerekanaga ko P. aeruginosa bih. incubation.Nubwo ibi ari bito, byerekana ko 2707 HDSS idakingiwe byimazeyo MIC ya biofilm ya P. aeruginosa.
Duplex ibyuma bitagira umuyonga (DSS) bikoreshwa cyane munganda zinyuranye kugirango bihuze neza nibintu byiza bya mashini hamwe no kurwanya ruswa1,2.Nyamara, ibyobo byaho biracyagaragara kandi bigira ingaruka ku busugire bwibyuma 3.4.DSS ntabwo irwanya ruswa ya mikorobe (MIC) 5,6.Nubwo ibintu byinshi bikoreshwa cyane na DSS, haracyari ibidukikije bikoresha igihe kirekire DSS irwanya ibikoresho byinshi bya DSS, haracyariho ibidukikije byinshi DSS irwanya ruswa. Kurwanya ruswa birasabwa.Jeon et al7 basanze ko na super duplex ibyuma bitagira umuyonga (SDSS) bifite aho bigarukira mubijyanye no kurwanya ruswa. Kubwibyo rero, ibyuma bya super duplex bitagira ibyuma (HDSS) bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa birasabwa mubisabwa bimwe na bimwe. Ibi byatumye habaho iterambere rya HDSS ivanze cyane.
Kurwanya ruswa ya DSS biterwa nikigereranyo cyibice bya alfa na gamma hamwe na Cr, Mo na W byagabanutse mukarere 8, 9, 10 kegeranye nicyiciro cya kabiri.HDSS ikubiyemo ibintu byinshi birimo Cr, Mo na N11, bityo ikaba ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa kandi ifite agaciro kanini (45-50) Piting Resistance ihwanye numubare (PREN), ugenwa na wt +% wt% 3. N. Indwara ya Chloride. Kurwanya ruswa kwagura kwagura ikoreshwa rya HDSS mubidukikije byinshi byangiza chloride, nkibidukikije byo mu nyanja.
MIC ni ikibazo gikomeye mu nganda nyinshi nka peteroli na gaze hamwe n’ibikorwa by’amazi14.MIC ifite 20% by’ibyangiritse byose byangirika15.MIC ni bioelectrochemical ruswa ishobora kugaragara ahantu henshi.Biyofilime ikora hejuru yicyuma ihindura imiterere yamashanyarazi, bityo bikagira ingaruka kumyuka ya mikorobe. kurokoka17.Ubushakashatsi bwa MIC bwerekanye ko EET (ihererekanyabubasha rya elegitoronike idasanzwe) aricyo kintu kigabanya igipimo muri MIC giterwa na mikorobe ya electrogeneque.Zhang nibindi. 18 yerekanye ko abunzi ba electron bihutisha ihererekanyabubasha rya elegitoronike hagati ya selile ya sessificans ya Desulfovibrio nicyuma 304 kitagira umwanda, bigatera igitero gikomeye cya MIC.Enning nibindi. 19 na Venzlaff n'abandi. 20 yerekanye ko ibinyabuzima byangiza sulfate bigabanya (SRB) biofilm bishobora gukurura electroni mu buryo butaziguye, bikaviramo kwangirika gukabije.
DSS izwiho kwibasirwa na MIC mubidukikije birimo SRB, bagiteri zigabanya fer (IRB), nibindi 21 .Iyi bagiteri itera imyanda ihanamye hejuru ya DSS munsi ya biofilm22,23. Bitandukanye na DSS, MIC ya HDSS24 ntabwo izwi cyane.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ni bagiteri ya gram-negative motile ya bacterium ikwirakwizwa cyane muri kamere25.Pseudomonas aeruginosa nayo ni itsinda rikomeye rya mikorobe mu bidukikije byo mu nyanja, itera MIC ibyuma. 28 na Yuan n'abandi. 29 yerekanye ko Pseudomonas aeruginosa ifite impengamiro yo kongera igipimo cyangirika cyibyuma byoroheje hamwe na alloys mubidukikije byamazi.
Intego nyamukuru yiki gikorwa kwari ugushakisha imitungo ya MIC ya 2707 HDSS yatewe na bacterium yo mu nyanja ya aerobic Pseudomonas aeruginosa ikoresheje uburyo bwa electrochemicique, tekinike yo gusesengura hejuru hamwe nisesengura ryibicuruzwa byangirika. imyitwarire ya MIC ya 2707 HDS.
Imbonerahamwe 1 irerekana urutonde rwimiti ya 2707 HDSS. Imbonerahamwe ya 2 yerekana ko 2707 HDSS ifite imiterere yubukanishi ifite imbaraga zingana na 650 MPa.Figure 1 yerekana microstructure optique yubushyuhe bwumuti wavuwe 2707 HDS.
Igicapo 2a cerekana ubushobozi bwumuzunguruko (Eocp) hamwe nigihe cyo kwerekana amakuru kuri 2707 HDSS muri abiotic 2216E hamwe na P. aeruginosa umuyonga wiminsi 14 kuri 37 ° C.Byerekana ko impinduka nini kandi ikomeye muri Eocp ibaho mumasaha 24. Yambere. SCE) kuri sample ya abiotic na P, uko bikurikirana). Pseudomonas aeruginosa coupons, kimwekimwe.Nyuma yamasaha 24, Eocp ifite agaciro ka 2707 HDSS kuri P. aeruginosa yari ihagaze neza kuri mV -228 (na SCE), mugihe agaciro kajyanye nicyitegererezo kidafite ibinyabuzima cyari hafi -442 mV (na SCE) .Eocp imbere ya P. aeruginosa yari mike.
Igeragezwa rya elegitoroniki ya 2707 HDSS ingero za abiotic medium na Pseudomonas aeruginosa umuyonga kuri 37 ° C:
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Imbonerahamwe 3 irerekana ibipimo byerekana amashanyarazi ya 2707 HDSS yerekana urugero rwa abiotic medium na Pseudomonas aeruginosa yatewe hagati yiminsi 14. Ibimenyetso byimigozi ya anodic na catodique byashyizwe hanze kugirango bigere kumihanda itanga ubwinshi bwikigereranyo (icorr), ruswa ruswa (Ecorr) uburyo30,31.
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 2b, ihinduka ryimbere ryumurongo wa P. aeruginosa ryatumye Ecorr yiyongera ugereranije nu murongo wa abiotic. Agaciro ka icorr, kangana n’igipimo cya ruswa, cyiyongereye kugera kuri 0.328 μA cm-2 mu cyitegererezo cya Pseudomonas aeruginosa, inshuro enye z’icyitegererezo kitari ibinyabuzima (0.087 μA cm-2).
LPR nuburyo bwa kera butangiza ibyangiza amashanyarazi kugirango isesengurwe ryihuse.Yakoreshejwe kandi mukwiga MIC32.Figure 2c yerekana kurwanya polarisiyasi (Rp) nkigikorwa cyo kwerekana igihe. Agaciro Rp yo hejuru isobanura kwangirika gake.Mu masaha 24 yambere, Rp ya 2707 HDSS igera kuri 1955 k2 cm2 ya Audinike ingero.Figure 2c irerekana kandi ko agaciro ka Rp kagabanutse vuba nyuma yumunsi umwe hanyuma ntigakomeza guhinduka muminsi 13 iri imbere. Agaciro Rp k'icyitegererezo cya Pseudomonas aeruginosa kangana na 40 kΩ cm2, kikaba kiri munsi ya 450 kΩ cm2 z'icyitegererezo kitari ibinyabuzima.
Agaciro ka icorr kagereranijwe nigipimo kimwe cyo kwangirika.Igiciro cyacyo gishobora kubarwa uhereye kuri Stern-Geary ikurikira,
Gukurikira Zou n'abandi. 33, agaciro gasanzwe k'umusozi wa Tafel B muriyi mirimo byafashwe ko ari mV / dec.Figure 2d yerekana ko icorr yicyitegererezo kitari ibinyabuzima 2707 yagumye ihagaze neza, mugihe icyitegererezo cya P. aeruginosa cyahindutse cyane nyuma yamasaha 24 yambere. Indangagaciro za icorr zicyitegererezo cya P. aeruginosa zari zifite gahunda yo kurwanya ubukana burenze urugero.
EIS nubundi buryo budasobanutse bukoreshwa mu kuranga reaction ya electrochemic reaction kuri interineti yangiritse.Impedance spectra hamwe no kubara agaciro ka capacitance yibigereranyo byerekanwa nibitangazamakuru abiotic hamwe na Pseudomonas aeruginosa igisubizo, Rb irwanya firime ya pasiporo / biofilm ikozwe hejuru yikigereranyo, Rct yishyurwa ryumubyigano wa Cdl ibipimo.Ibipimo byongeye gusesengurwa muguhuza amakuru ukoresheje urugero rwumuzingi uhwanye (EEC).
Igishushanyo cya 3 cyerekana ibibanza bisanzwe bya Nyquist (a na b) na Bode ibibanza (a 'na b') byintangarugero 2707 HDSS muburyo bwa abiotic medium na P. aeruginosa umuyonga wigihe cya incububasi. Diameter yimpeta ya Nyquist iragabanuka imbere ya Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Ikibanza cya Bode (Ishusho ya 3b ') yerekana ubwiyongere bwikigereranyo cyumubyigano. icyiciro cya maxima. Igice cya 4 cyerekana monolayeri (a) na bilayeri (b) imiterere yumubiri hamwe na EEC ihuye nayo.CPE yinjijwe muburyo bwa EEC. Kwinjira no kubangamira bigaragazwa gutya:
Moderi ebyiri zifatika hamwe ninzira zingana zingana kugirango zihuze impedance ya 2707 HDSS:
aho Y0 nubunini bwa CPE, j numubare wibitekerezo cyangwa (-1) 1/2, ω ninshuro zinguni, na n ni indangagaciro ya CPE itarenze ubumwe35.Ibinyuranyo byokwirinda kwishyurwa (ni ukuvuga 1 / Rct) bihuye nigipimo cyo kwangirika.Smaller Rct isobanura kwangirika kwinshi kwi 272 kurenza 489 kΩ cm2 yintangarugero zidafite ibinyabuzima (Imbonerahamwe 4).
Amashusho ya CLSM n'amashusho ya SEM ku gishushanyo cya 5 byerekana neza ko gukwirakwiza biofilm hejuru yikigereranyo cya 2707 HDSS nyuma yiminsi 7 iba yuzuye.Nyamara, nyuma yiminsi 14, ibinyabuzima bya biofilm byari bike kandi ingirabuzimafatizo zimwe zapfuye byagaragaye. Imbonerahamwe 5 irerekana umubyimba wa biofilm kuri 2707 HDSS nyuma yiminsi 7 na 14 ya biofilime. 18.9 mkm nyuma yiminsi 14.Uburinganire bwa biofilm nabwo bwemeje iyi nzira.Yagabanutse kuva kuri 22.2 ± 0.7 mm nyuma yiminsi 7 igera kuri 17.8 ± 1.0 mm nyuma yiminsi 14.
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EDS yerekanye ibintu bya chimique muri biofilm nibicuruzwa byangirika kuburugero rwerekanwe na P. aeruginosa muminsi 14. Igicapo cya 6 cyerekana ko ibirimo C, N, O, na P muri biofilm nibicuruzwa byangirika biri hejuru cyane ugereranije nibyuma byambaye ubusa, kubera ko ibyo bintu bifitanye isano na biofilm na metabolite.Microbes ikenera gusa urugero rwa chromium na fer. ingero zerekana ko matrix yicyuma yatakaje ibintu kubera kwangirika.
Nyuma yiminsi 14, gutobora hamwe na P. aeruginosa byagaragaye no hagati ya 2216E. Hagati ya incububasi, ubuso bwikigereranyo bwari bworoshye kandi butarangwamo inenge (Igicapo 7a) .Nyuma yo gukuramo no gukuraho ibinyabuzima na ruswa, ibyobo byimbitse biri hejuru yubushakashatsi bwasuzumwe munsi ya CLSM, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya biologiya cya 0.0. μm) .Ubujyakuzimu ntarengwa bwatewe na Pseudomonas aeruginosa bwari 0.52 mm nyuma yiminsi 7 na 0,69 mm nyuma yiminsi 14, hashingiwe ku kigereranyo cy’ubujyakuzimu bwa metero 3 (indangagaciro 10 nini y’ubujyakuzimu bwatoranijwe kuri buri cyitegererezo) cyageze kuri 0.42 ± 0.12 μm na 0.52 ± 0.15 μ m. (Izi mbonerahamwe 5).
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Igishushanyo cya 8 cyerekana XPS yerekana ibintu bitandukanye byikitegererezo, kandi ibinyabuzima bya chimique byasesenguwe kuri buri buso byegeranijwe mu mbonerahamwe ya 6.Mu mbonerahamwe ya 6, ijanisha rya atome rya Fe na Cr imbere ya P. aeruginosa (ingero A na B) ryari munsi cyane ugereranije n’icyitegererezo cy’ibinyabuzima kidashingiye ku binyabuzima (ingero C na D) .Ku gipimo cya P. aeruginosa gifite agaciro ka 57 578.3 na 586.8 eV, zishobora kwitirirwa Cr, Cr2O3, CrO3 na Cr (OH) 3, uko bikurikirana (Igicapo 9a na b) .Ku ngero zidasanzwe zishingiye ku binyabuzima, urwego rwa Cr 2p rwibanze rufite impinga ebyiri nyamukuru kuri Cr (573.80 eV kuri BE) na Cr2O3 (575.90 eV kuri BE) ku gishushanyo cya 9c na d. ya Cr6 + hamwe nigice kinini ugereranije cya Cr (OH) 3 (BE ya 586.8 eV) munsi ya biofilm.
Mugari XPS yerekana ubuso bwa 2707 HDSS yerekana mubitangazamakuru byombi ni iminsi 7 niminsi 14.
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HDSS yerekana urwego rwo hejuru rwo kurwanya ruswa mubidukikije byinshi.Kim nibindi. 2 yatangaje ko UNS S32707 HDSS yasobanuwe nka DSS ivanze cyane hamwe na PREN irenga 45. Agaciro PREN kerekana urugero rwa 2707 HDSS muri iki gikorwa cyari 49.Ibyo biterwa na chromium nyinshi hamwe na molybdenum nyinshi hamwe na Ni, ibyo bikaba bifite akamaro mukurwanya aside iringaniye kandi ifite akamaro gakomeye. uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya imiti, amakuru yubushakashatsi muriyi mirimo yerekana ko 2707 HDSS idakingiwe rwose na MIC ya biofilm ya P. aeruginosa.
Ibisubizo by'amashanyarazi byerekanaga ko igipimo cya ruswa ya 2707 HDSS mu muhogo wa P. aeruginosa cyiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara nyuma yiminsi 14 ugereranije n’ibinyabuzima bitari ibinyabuzima.Mu gishushanyo cya 2a, igabanuka rya Eocp ryagaragaye haba mu buryo bwa abiotic ndetse n’umuyoboro wa P. aeruginosa mu masaha 24 ya mbere. irya Eocp idafite ibinyabuzima. Hariho impamvu yo kwizera ko iri tandukaniro riterwa na P. aeruginosa biofilm. Mu gishushanyo cya 2d, imbere ya P. aeruginosa, icorr ifite agaciro ka 2707 HDSS yageze kuri 0.627 μA cm-2, ikaba yari gahunda yubunini burenze ubw'ububiko bwa abiotic (0.063 μA cm-2) indangagaciro mu muyoboro wa P. aeruginosa wariyongereye bitewe no gufatira ingirabuzimafatizo za P. aeruginosa no gushinga biofilm.Nyamara, iyo biofilm itwikiriye neza hejuru yikigereranyo, impedance iragabanuka. Urwego rwo gukingira rwibasiwe mbere na mbere bitewe no gushinga biofilm na biofilm metabolite. itangazamakuru ryari ritandukanye. Kurwanya ruswa yo kurwanya ibinyabuzima ntibyari hejuru cyane ugereranije n’agaciro k’icyitegererezo cyagaragaye ku muyoboro wa P. aeruginosa. Byongeye kandi, ku byitegererezo by’abiyotike, agaciro ka Rct ya 2707 HDSS kageze kuri 489 kΩ cm2 ku munsi wa 14, kikaba cyikubye inshuro 15 agaciro ka Rct (32 kΩ cm2) imbere ya P. aeruginosa. irwanya MIC igitero cya P. aeruginosa biofilms.
Ibisubizo birashobora kandi kugaragara uhereye kumurongo wa polarisiyasi ku gishushanyo cya 2b.Ishami rya anodic ryatewe no gushinga biofilm ya Pseudomonas aeruginosa hamwe na reaction ya okiside yicyuma.Mu gihe kimwe na cathodic reaction ni igabanuka rya ogisijeni.Kubaho kwa P. aeruginosa byongereye cyane ruswa ya ruswa yerekana ko bihindagurika cyane. ya 2707 HDS. ongera ushire hejuru yicyuma hejuru ya ogisijeni irashobora kuba umusanzu muri MIC muriki gikorwa.
Dickinson n'abandi. 38 yatanze igitekerezo ko igipimo cyibisubizo bya chimique na electrochemicique bishobora guterwa nigikorwa cya metabolike ya bagiteri ya sessile hejuru yikigereranyo hamwe nimiterere yibicuruzwa byangirika.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 5 no ku mbonerahamwe ya 5, umubare w’utugari hamwe n’ububyimba bwa biofilm wagabanutse nyuma yiminsi 14.Ibyo birashobora gusobanurwa mu buryo bwumvikana ko nyuma yiminsi 14, ibyinshi mu ngirabuzimafatizo za sessile kuri sisitemu ya 2707 HDS. ion ibyuma kuva matrike ya 2707 HDSS.Iyi ni imbogamizi yubushakashatsi bwakozwe.
Muri iki gikorwa, biofilm ya P. aeruginosa yateje imbere kugabanuka kwa Cr na Fe munsi ya biofilm ku buso bwa 2707 HDSS (Igishusho 6) .Mu mbonerahamwe ya 6, kugabanuka kwa Fe na Cr mu cyitegererezo D ugereranije n’icyitegererezo C, byerekana ko Fe na Cr zasheshwe zatewe na biofilm ya P. aeruginosa ikomeza kubaho mu minsi 7 ya mbere. ibyo biboneka mu mazi yo mu nyanja. Kuba 17700 ppm Cl- niyo mpamvu nyamukuru yatumye igabanuka rya Cr mu byitegererezo by’iminsi 7 na 14 byasesenguwe na XP. isura ya biofilm ya P. aeruginosa, nkuko byasabwe na Chen na Clayton.
Bitewe no gukura kwa bagiteri, indangagaciro za pH ziciriritse mbere na nyuma yo guhinga zari 7.4 na 8.2, Kubera iyo mpamvu, munsi ya biofilm ya P. aeruginosa, kwangirika kwa acide kama ntishobora kuba ikintu cyagira uruhare muri uyu murimo bitewe na pH ugereranije n’ikigereranyo kinini. byatewe nigikorwa cya metabolike ya P. aeruginosa ugasanga bifite ingaruka zimwe kuri pH mugihe hatabayeho ibizamini.
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 7, ubujyakuzimu ntarengwa bwatewe na biofilm ya P. aeruginosa bwari 0,69 mm, bwari bunini cyane kuruta ubw'abiyotike ya abiotic (0.02 μ m) .Ibi bihuye n’amakuru y’amashanyarazi yasobanuwe haruguru. Ubujyakuzimu bwa 0,69 μm burenze inshuro icumi ugereranije na 9.5 μm zerekanwe kuri 220S DSS kuri 220S DSS. DSS.Ibi ntibikwiye kudutangaza, kuko 2707 HDSS ifite chromium ihanitse, itanga passivation ndende irambye, kubera imiterere yicyiciro iringaniye idafite imvura yangiritse yangiza, bigatuma P. aeruginosa itesha umutwe kandi igatangira gufata ubwirakabiri.
Mu gusoza, ibyobo bya MIC byabonetse hejuru ya 2707 HDSS mu muhogo wa P. aeruginosa ugereranije no gutobora bidakwiye mu bitangazamakuru bya abiotic. Iki gikorwa cyerekana ko 2707 HDSS ifite MIC irwanya MIC kurusha 2205 DSS, ariko ntabwo ikingira byimazeyo MIC bitewe na biofilm ya P. aeruginosa.
Coupon ya 2707 HDSS itangwa nishuri rya Metallurgie ya kaminuza y’amajyaruguru yuburasirazuba (NEU) i Shenyang, mu Bushinwa.Ibice bigize 2707 HDSS byerekanwe mu mbonerahamwe ya 1, byasesenguwe n’ishami rishinzwe gusesengura no gupima ibikoresho bya NEU. Ingero zose zashizwe ku gipimo cya 1180 ° C zashyizwe hamwe n’ubuso bwa 27 2000 grit hamwe nimpapuro za karubide ya silicon hanyuma irusheho gusukwa hamwe na 0.05 μm Al2O3 yifu yifu.Impande no hepfo birinzwe n irangi rya inert.Nyuma yo gukama, ingero zogejwe namazi ya sterile de sterile hanyuma zanduzwa na 75% (v / v) etanol kumasaha 0.5.Bari hanyuma zumishwa numwuka munsi ya ultraviolet (UV) kumasaha 0.5.
Marine Pseudomonas aeruginosa MCCC 1A00099 yaguzwe mu kigo gishinzwe gukusanya umuco w’umuco wa Xiamen (MCCC), mu Bushinwa. 5.98 MgCl2, 3.24 Na2SO4, 1.8 CaCl2, 0.55 KCl, 0.16 Na2CO3, 0.08 KBr, 0.034 SrCl2, 0.08 SrBr2, 0.022 H3BO3, 0.004 NaSiO3, 0016 NH3, 0016 NH3, 0016 NaH2PO4, 5.0 peptone 0.1 c gukingirwa. Kubara selile ya sessile na planktonic ukoresheje hemocytometero munsi ya microscope yoroheje kuri 400X yo gukuza. Intangiriro ya selile yibanze ya planktonic Pseudomonas aeruginosa akimara gukingirwa yari selile 106 / ml.
Ibizamini bya elegitoroniki byakorewe mu ngirabuzimafatizo ya elegitoroniki itatu ya elegitoronike ifite ubunini buringaniye bwa miriyoni 500. Urupapuro rwa platine na electrode yuzuye ya Calomel electrode (SCE) byahujwe na reakteri binyuze muri capillaries ya Luggin yuzuyemo ibiraro byumunyu, bikora nka electrode ikora, hashyizweho umurongo wa cm2 washyizwemo na sipi imwe yumuringa washyizwe kuri cm2 kandi ugasigara kuri santimetero imwe ya elegitoronike. gukora electrode ikora.Mu gihe cyo gupima amashanyarazi, ingero zashyizwe mubikoresho 2216E kandi bigakomeza kubushyuhe burigihe (37 ° C) mubwogero bwamazi.OCP, LPR, EIS hamwe namakuru ashobora kuba afite imbaraga za polarisiyasi yapimwe hakoreshejwe Autolab potentiostat (Reba 600TM, Gamry Instruments, Inc. ya 1 Hz.
Ibigereranyo byo gusesengura ibyuma byakozwe mu buryo bwa mashini hamwe na 2000 grit wet SiC impapuro hanyuma bikomeza gusukwa hamwe na 0.05 μ m Al2O3 ifu yo guhagarika ifu yo kureba neza. Isesengura ryakozwe ryakozwe hakoreshejwe microscope optique. Ingero zashizwemo 10 wt.
Nyuma yububikwe, intangarugero zogejwe inshuro 3 hamwe numuti wa fosiferi (PBS) (pH 7.4 ± 0.2) hanyuma ushyirwa hamwe na 2.5% (v / v) glutaraldehyde mumasaha 10 kugirango ukosore biofilm.Byaje gukama amazi hamwe nurutonde (50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% na 100% v / v) yasutswe na firime ya zahabu kugirango itange ubworoherane bwo kwitegereza SEM.Amashusho ya SEM yibanze ku bibanza bifite selile ya P. aeruginosa ya sessile cyane hejuru ya buri cyitegererezo. Kora isesengura rya EDS kugirango ushakishe ibintu bya shimi. ku gipimo cy’igihugu cy’Ubushinwa (CNS) GB / T4334.4-2000 kugirango ukureho ibicuruzwa byangirika na biofilm hejuru yikizamini.
Isanamu ya X-ray yerekana amashanyarazi (XPS, ESCALAB250 sisitemu yo gusesengura hejuru, Thermo VG, USA) isesengura ryakozwe hifashishijwe isoko ya X-ray imwe (umurongo wa aluminium Kα ku mbaraga za eV 1500 na 150 W imbaraga) hejuru yingufu zingana 0 0 mubihe bisanzwe - 1350 eV.
Ingero za incubated zavanyweho kandi zogejwe buhoro hamwe na PBS (pH 7.4 ± 0.2) kuri 15 s45. Kugirango turebe ubuzima bwa bagiteri ya biofilm kuri sample, biofilm yandujwe hakoreshejwe LIVE / DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit (Invitrogen, Eugene, OR, USA) .Ibikoresho bifite florescent ya 9 ya fluorescent SYT. irangi rya Iyode (PI). Munsi ya CLSM, utudomo dufite fluorescent icyatsi nicyatsi gitukura byerekana selile nzima kandi zapfuye, muburyo bwo gusiga irangi, imvange ya ml 1 irimo 3 μl SYTO-9 na 3 μl PI igisubizo cyashyizwemo iminota 20 mubushyuhe bwicyumba (23 oC) mwijimye. Nikon, Ubuyapani) .Ubunini bwa biofilm bwapimwe muburyo bwa scan ya 3-D.
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