Anthu nthawi zambiri amagula zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zimawonjezera zovuta zazinthu zomwe ogwira ntchito ayenera kuziganizira.
Mofanana ndi zipangizo zambiri, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zambiri.Chitsulo chimatengedwa ngati "chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri" ngati aloyi ili ndi chromium yosachepera 10.5%, yomwe imapanga oxide wosanjikiza yomwe imapangitsa kuti asidi ndi dzimbiri asawonongeke.
Zida za "zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri" za "zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri", kukonza pang'ono, kukhazikika, komanso kutha kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kwa mafakitale monga zomangamanga, mipando, chakudya ndi zakumwa, zamankhwala, ndi zina zambiri zomwe zimafuna mphamvu ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala chokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa zitsulo zina.Komabe, zimapereka ubwino wa mphamvu ndi kulemera kwa chiŵerengero cha mphamvu, kulola kugwiritsa ntchito makulidwe a zinthu zowonda kwambiri poyerekeza ndi masukulu ochiritsira, zomwe zingayambitse kusungirako ndalama.Chifukwa cha mtengo wake wonse, masitolo amafunika kuonetsetsa kuti akugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoyenera kuti asamawononge ndalama zowonongeka ndi kukonzanso zinthuzi.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri chimaonedwa kuti ndi chovuta kuwotcherera chifukwa chimachotsa kutentha mwachangu ndipo chimafunika kusamala kwambiri pomaliza ndi kupukuta.
Kugwira ntchito ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri kumafuna wowotcherera wodziwa zambiri kapena wogwiritsa ntchito kuposa kugwira ntchito ndi zitsulo za carbon, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.Latitude yake ikhoza kuchepetsedwa pamene magawo ena ayambitsidwa, makamaka panthawi yowotcherera.
"Anthu nthawi zambiri amagula zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri chifukwa chakutha kwake," atero a Jonathan Douville, manejala wamkulu wazofufuza ndi chitukuko ku Walter Surface Technologies ku Pointe-Claire, Quebec.
Kaya ndi kukula kwa 4 liniya kapangidwe mapeto kapena kukula 8 galasi mapeto, woyendetsa ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti chuma kulemekezedwa ndipo mapeto si kuonongeka pa kasamalidwe ndi processing.This angathenso kuchepetsa options kukonzekera ndi kuyeretsa, zomwe ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa bwino mbali kupanga.
"Pogwira ntchito ndi zinthuzi, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ndi zoyera, zoyera, zoyera," atero a Rick Hatelt, Woyang'anira Dziko la Canada ku PFERD Ontario, Mississauga, Ontario. oxidation."
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zinthu ndi malo ozungulira ziyenera kutsukidwa.Kuchotsa zotsalira za mafuta ndi pulasitiki kuchokera ku zipangizo ndi malo abwino oyambira.Zowonongeka pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zingayambitse okosijeni, koma zimakhalanso zovuta panthawi yowotcherera ndipo zingayambitse zolakwika.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunika kuyeretsa pamwamba musanayambe solder.
Malo a malo ochitirako misonkhano si nthawi zonse amakhala aukhondo kwambiri, ndipo kuipitsidwa kungakhale vuto mukamagwira ntchito ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri komanso za carbon. Nthawi zambiri sitolo imayendetsa mafani ambiri kapena amagwiritsa ntchito zoziziritsira mpweya kuziziritsa antchito, zomwe zimatha kukankhira zonyansa pansi kapena kupangitsa kuti ma condensation adonthe kapena kuchulukira pa zopangira. Izi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ngati tinthu ta carbon steel timatulutsa timadzi timene timawombedwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. pankhani kuwotcherera ogwira.
Ndikofunikira kuchotsa kusinthika kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti dzimbiri sizimangirira pakapita nthawi ndikufooketsa dongosolo lonse.Ndibwinonso kuchotsa bluing kuti ngakhale kunja kwa mtundu.
Ku Canada, chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira kwambiri ndi nyengo yozizira, kusankha kalasi yoyenera ya zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri n'kofunika.Douville anafotokoza kuti masitolo ambiri poyamba anasankha 304 chifukwa cha mtengo wake. pamwamba, kuwononga passivation wosanjikiza ndipo potsirizira pake kuchititsa dzimbiri kachiwiri.
“Kukonzekera zowotcherera n’kofunika pazifukwa zazikulu zingapo,” akutero Gabi Miholics, katswiri wa zowotcherera, Abrasive Systems Division, 3M Canada, London, Ontario.” Kuchotsa dzimbiri, penti ndi machamfer n’kofunika kwambiri powotchera moyenerera.
Hatelt akuwonjezera kuti kuyeretsa malo ndikofunikira, koma kukonzekera kusanachitike weld kungaphatikizeponso kusokoneza zinthuzo kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimamatira bwino komanso mwamphamvu.
Pazowotcherera zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndikofunikira kusankha chitsulo choyenera chodzaza ndi kalasi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito.Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala chovuta kwambiri ndipo chimafuna kuti zitsulo zowotcherera zitsimikizidwe ndi mtundu womwewo wa zinthu.Mwachitsanzo, zitsulo zoyambira 316 zimafunikira zitsulo zodzaza 316. Zowotcherera sizingangogwiritsa ntchito mtundu uliwonse wa zitsulo zodzaza, kalasi iliyonse yosapanga dzimbiri imafunikira chodzaza chodziwika bwino.
"Pamene kuwotcherera zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, wowotcherera amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kutentha," anatero Michael Radaelli, woyang'anira malonda ku Norton | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Worcester, MA.” Pali zida zambiri zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeza kutentha kwa weld ndi gawo pamene chitsulocho chikuwotchera, chifukwa ngati chitsulo chosapanga chosapanga chakhala ching’aluka, mbali yakeyo imawonongeka.”
Radaelli anawonjezera kuti wowotcherayo ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti sakhala m'dera lomwelo kwa nthawi yaitali.Kuwotcherera kwa Multilayer ndi njira yabwino yotetezera gawo lapansi kuti lisatenthedwe.Kuwotcherera kwa nthawi yaitali kwa maziko a zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kungayambitse kutentha ndi kusweka.
“Kuwotcherera ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kumatha kutenga nthawi yambiri, koma ndi luso lomwe limafunikira manja odziwa zambiri,” adatero Radaelli.
Nthawi zina, Miholics anafotokoza kuti kuwotcherera sikunawonekere, kotero kuti kuyeretsa kochepa pambuyo pa weld kumafunika, ndipo spatter iliyonse yodziwika imachotsedwa mwamsanga.
Vuto si mtundu wake,” adatero Miholics.
Kusankha chida chomaliza chosinthira liwiro kumapulumutsa nthawi ndi ndalama ndikulola wogwiritsa ntchitoyo kuti agwirizane ndi kumaliza.
Ndikofunikira kuchotsa kusinthika kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti dzimbiri sizimangirira pakapita nthawi ndikufooketsa dongosolo lonse.Ndibwinonso kuchotsa bluing kuti ngakhale kunja kwa mtundu.
Njira yoyeretsera imatha kuwononga malo, makamaka pamene mankhwala okhwima amagwiritsidwa ntchito.Kuyeretsa kosayenera kungalepheretse mapangidwe a passivation layer.Ichi ndichifukwa chake akatswiri ambiri amalangiza kuyeretsa pamanja kwa magawo otsekemerawa.
"Pamene mukuyeretsa pamanja, ngati simulola kuti mpweya uyambe kugwira ntchito ndi pamwamba kwa maola 24 kapena 48, mulibe nthawi yomanga malo osasunthika," adatero Douville. Iye anafotokoza kuti pamwamba pafunika mpweya kuti agwirizane ndi chromium mu alloy kuti apange passivation layer.
Ndizofala kuti opanga ndi otenthetsera agwiritse ntchito zipangizo zambiri.Komabe, monga tafotokozera kale, kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kumawonjezera malire.Kutenga nthawi yoyeretsa gawolo ndi sitepe yabwino yoyamba, koma ndi yabwino ngati chilengedwe chomwe chilimo.
Hatelt adati akupitirizabe kuona malo ogwirira ntchito oipitsidwa.Kuchotsa kukhalapo kwa carbon mu malo ogwirira ntchito zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndizofunikira.Si zachilendo kuti masitolo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo asinthe kukhala zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri popanda kukonzekera bwino malo ogwirira ntchito pazinthu izi.Izi ndi zolakwika, makamaka ngati sangathe kusiyanitsa zipangizo ziwirizi kapena kugula zida zawo.
Radaelli anati: “Ngati muli ndi burashi yawaya yopera kapena yopangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndipo mumaigwiritsa ntchito pazitsulo za carbon, simungagwiritsenso ntchito zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri,” anatero Radaelli.” Maburashiwo tsopano ali ndi mpweya komanso dzimbiri.
Masitolo ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyana pokonzekera zipangizo, koma ayeneranso kulemba zida "zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zokha" kuti apewe kuipitsidwa kosayenera, adatero Hatelt.
Masitolo ayenera kuganizira zinthu zambiri posankha zipangizo zokonzekera zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, kuphatikizapo njira zochepetsera kutentha, mtundu wa mchere, liwiro ndi kukula kwa mbewu.
"Kusankha abrasive yokhala ndi zokutira zoziziritsa kutentha ndi malo abwino kuyamba," adatero Miholics. "Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala cholimba kwambiri ndipo chimatulutsa kutentha kwambiri pogaya kuposa chitsulo chochepa kwambiri. Kutentha kumayenera kupita kwinakwake, kotero pali zokutira zomwe zimalola kuti kutentha kupite m'mphepete mwa diski m'malo mongokhala pamene mukupera."
Kusankha abrasive kumadaliranso momwe mapeto onse ayenera kuonekera, akuwonjezera.Ziridi m'diso la wowona.Michere ya alumina mu abrasives ndi mtundu wodziwika kwambiri womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pomaliza masitepe.Kupanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kuwoneka buluu pamwamba, mchere wa silicon carbide uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Ndiwowoneka bwino kwambiri ndipo umasiya mabala ozama omwe amawonetsa kuwala kwa buluu, ngati akuwoneka mosiyana kwambiri. kuyankhula ndi wogulitsa.
"RPM ndi vuto lalikulu," adatero Hatelt. "Zida zosiyanasiyana zimafuna ma RPM osiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayenda mofulumira kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito RPM yoyenera kumatsimikizira zotsatira zabwino, ponseponse pokhudzana ndi momwe ntchitoyo imagwirira ntchito komanso momwe imachitira bwino. Dziwani mapeto omwe mukufuna komanso momwe Kuyeza."
Douville adawonjezeranso kuti kuyika ndalama pazida zomaliza zosinthira liwiro ndi njira imodzi yothanirana ndi mavuto othamanga.Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amayesa chopukusira wamba kuti amalize, koma amakhala ndi liwiro lalikulu la kudula.Kumaliza ndondomekoyi kumafuna kuchedwetsa.Kusankha chida chomaliza chosinthira liwiro kudzapulumutsa nthawi ndi ndalama ndikulola wogwiritsa ntchitoyo kuti agwirizane ndi kumaliza.
Komanso, grit ndi yofunika posankha abrasive.Wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuyamba ndi grit yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito.
Kuyambira ndi 60 kapena 80 (zapakatikati) grit, woyendetsa akhoza pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo kulumpha ku 120 (zabwino) grit ndi 220 (zabwino kwambiri) grit, zomwe zidzapatsa zosapanga dzimbiri No.
"Zitha kukhala zophweka ngati masitepe atatu," adatero Radaelli. "Komabe, ngati wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akugwira ntchito ndi ma welds akuluakulu, sangayambe ndi 60 kapena 80 grit, ndipo angasankhe grit 24 (yowonda kwambiri) kapena 36 (coarse) grit. Izi zimawonjezera sitepe yowonjezera ndipo zingakhale zovuta kuchotsa muzinthu Pali zokopa zakuya pa izo. "
Kuwonjezera apo, kuwonjezera anti-spatter spray kapena gel kungakhale bwenzi lapamtima la wowotcherera, koma nthawi zambiri amanyalanyazidwa pamene kuwotcherera zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, akuti Douville.Parts ndi spatter ziyenera kuchotsedwa, zomwe zimatha kukanda pamwamba, zimafuna masitepe owonjezera akupera ndikuwononga nthawi yambiri.
Lindsay Luminoso, Wothandizira Mkonzi, amathandizira ku Metal Fabrication Canada ndi Fabrication ndi Welding Canada.Kuyambira 2014-2016, anali Mkonzi Wothandizira / Web Editor ku Metal Fabrication Canada, posachedwapa monga Mkonzi Wothandizira wa Design Engineering.
Luminoso ali ndi digiri ya Bachelor of Arts kuchokera ku Carleton University, Digiri ya Bachelor of Education kuchokera ku yunivesite ya Ottawa, ndi Sitifiketi ya Omaliza Maphunziro mu Mabuku, Magazini ndi Digital Publishing kuchokera ku Centennial College.
Khalani ndi chidziwitso chaposachedwa ndi nkhani zaposachedwa, zochitika ndi ukadaulo pazitsulo zonse zamakalata athu amwezi awiri omwe amalembedwa kwa opanga aku Canada okha!
Tsopano ndi mwayi wofikira ku mtundu wa digito wa Canadian Metalworking, mwayi wosavuta kuzinthu zamakampani.
Tsopano ndi mwayi wofikira kukope la digito la Made in Canada ndi Welding, mwayi wosavuta kuzinthu zamakampani.
Malizitsani mabowo ochulukira tsiku limodzi osachita khama.The Slugger JCM200 Auto imakhala ndi chakudya chongobowola motsatizana, kubowola kwamphamvu kwamaginito kothamanga kothamanga kawiri kokhala ndi mphamvu ya 2″, ¾” weld, mawonekedwe a MT3 ndi zinthu zambiri zachitetezo.