Laga soo bilaabo silsiladaha wadista robotic ilaa suumanka gudbinta ee hawlaha silsiladda sahayda si ay u leexiyaan munaaradaha marawaxadaha dabaysha, dareenka booska waa shaqo muhiim ah oo ka mid ah codsiyada kala duwan.Waxay qaadan kartaa qaabab badan, oo ay ku jiraan toosan, rotary, angle, absolute, koror, xiriir iyo dareemayaasha aan la xiriirin. capacitive, magnetostrictive, saamaynta Hall, fiber optic, indhaha iyo ultrasonic.
FAQ-gani waxa uu bixiyaa horudhac kooban oo ku saabsan noocyada kala duwan ee garashada booska, ka dibna dib u eegis ku sameeya tiro tignoolajiyada ah oo naqshadeeyayaashu ay ka dooran karaan marka la fulinayo xalinta booska.
Dareemayaasha booska Potentiometric waa qalab ku salaysan caabbinta kuwaas oo isku daraya track resistive go'an oo leh masax ku xiran shayga booskiisa u baahan yahay in la dareemo. Dhaqdhaqaaqa shaygu wuxuu dhaqaajiyaa masaxayaasha wadada wadada.
Dareemayaasha booska inductive waxay isticmaalaan isbeddelada sifooyinka goobta magnetic ee lagu soo rogay gariiradda dareemayaasha. Iyadoo ku xiran qaabdhismeedkooda, waxay cabbiri karaan booska toosan ama wareegga. gariiradda hoose iyo laba gariiradda sare.Xirfadaha waxay ku xiran yihiin taxane, iyo xiriirka wajiga ee gariiradda labaad waa 180 ° ka baxsan marxaladda marka la eego gariiradda aasaasiga ah. A ferromagnetic core oo loo yaqaan armature ayaa la dhigayaa gudaha tuubada oo ku xiran shayga meesha lagu cabbirayo. An koronto excitation waxaa lagu dabaqaa gariiradda aasaasiga ah iyo xoog elektromagnetic ah (EMF) farqiga u dhexeeya korontada sare. booska qaraabada ah ee hubka iyo waxa ay ku xiran tahay ayaa la go'aamin karaa
Dareemayaasha booska Eddy hadda waxay la shaqeeyaan walxaha korantada ah is dhexgalka goobta labaad ee ay soo saaraan qulqulka qulqulka, taas oo saameyn ku yeelata xannibaadda gariiradda. Marka shaygu uu ku soo dhawaado gariiradda, khasaaraha hadda jira ayaa kordha iyo korantada oscillating waxay noqotaa mid yar (Jaantus 2) .
Aaladaha Eddy ee hadda jira waa kuwa qallafsan, qalabka aan xiriirka ahayn sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo sida dareemayaal u dhow. Waa dhinac walba waxayna go'aamin karaan masaafada u jirta shayga, laakiin maaha jihada ama masaafada buuxda ee shayga.
Sida magacu soo jeediyo, dareemayaasha booska capacitive waxay cabbiraan isbeddelada awoodda si ay u go'aamiyaan booska shayga la dareemo. Dareemayaashan aan xidhiidhka ahayn ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu cabbiro booska toosan ama wareegga wareegga. Waxay ka kooban yihiin laba taarikada oo ay kala soocaan walxo dielectric ah waxayna isticmaalaan mid ka mid ah laba hab si loo ogaado booska shay:
Si loo sameeyo isbeddel ku yimaada dielectric joogto ah, shayga la rabo in la ogaado wuxuu ku xiran yahay walxaha dielectric. Sida walxaha dielectric dhaqaaqo, joogtada dielectric ee wax ku ool ah ee capacitor ayaa isbeddelaya sababtoo ah isku dhafka aagga maadada dielectric iyo joogtada hawada hawada isbeddelka awoodda waxaa loo isticmaalaa si loo go'aamiyo booska qaraabada.
Dareemayaasha Capacitive waxay cabbiri karaan barokaca, fogaanta, booska iyo dhumucda walxaha.Sababtoo ah xasiloonida calaamadaha sare iyo xallinta, dareemayaasha barokaca waxaa loo isticmaalaa jawiga shaybaarka iyo warshadaha.Tusaale ahaan, dareemayaasha awoodda leh ayaa loo isticmaalaa si loo cabbiro dhumucda filimka iyo codsiyada dhejiska ee hababka iswada.In mishiinnada warshadaha, waxaa loo isticmaalaa si loo kormeero barokaca iyo booska qalabka.
Magnetostriction waa hanti ka mid ah walxaha ferromagnetic taas oo keenta in walaxda beddesho cabbirkeeda ama qaabkeeda marka goob magnetostrictive ah lagu codsado.In dareemaha booska magnetostrictive, magnet booska dhaqaaqi karo ayaa ku xiran shayga la cabbirayo.Waxay ka kooban tahay waveguide ka kooban fiilooyinka qaadaya garaacyada hadda jira, oo ku xiran dareeme ku yaala dhamaadka waveguide (Jaantuska 3) marka la soo diro waveguide hadda. ee fiilada la falgala garoonka magnetic axial ee magnet joogto ah (magnet ee piston cylinder, Jaantuska 3a) .Is dhexgalka goobta waxaa sababa maroojin (saamaynta Wiedemann), taas oo cadaadis saaraya silig, soo saara garaaca garaaca acoustic in faafin weheliyaan waveguide iyo waxaa lagu ogaan by dareere ah dhamaadka waveguide (Jaantus 3 ee waqtiga hadda). garaaca wadnaha iyo ogaanshaha garaaca acoustic, booska qaraabo ee magnet booska sidaas darteed shayga waa la qiyaasi karaa (Jaantus. 3c).
Dareemayaasha booska Magnetostrictive waa dareemayaal aan xiriir la lahayn oo loo isticmaalo in lagu ogaado booska toosan.Waveguides ayaa inta badan lagu hayaa birta ama tuubooyinka aluminiumka, taas oo awood u siinaysa dareemayaashan in loo isticmaalo jawi wasakh ah ama qoyan.
Marka dhuuban, kaari guri la dhigo garoonka magnetic, wax kasta oo socda qulqulaya u janjeera in ay dhisaan ilaa hal dhinac oo ka mid ah kaari, abuurista kala duwanaansho iman kara loo yaqaan voltaji Hall. Haddii hadda ee kaari waa joogto ah, baaxadda danab Hall ka tarjumaysaa xoogga field magnetic.In a Hall-saamayn booska shidma, shayga waxa uu ku xidhan yahay hoy u ah usheeda dhexe ee shayga magnet, qaraabo ee element a magneting usheeda dhexe u dhaqaaqo. beddelka Voltage Hall.By lagu qiyaaso danab Hall ah, booska shay waxaa lagu go'aamin karaa.There waxaa jira dareemaha booska saamaynta Hall gaar ah oo go'aamin kara booska in saddex cabbir (Jaantus 4) .Hall-saamaynta booska dareemaha waa qalab aan xidhiidh lahayn in ay bixiyaan isku halaynta sare iyo dareenka degdegga ah, oo ka shaqeeya in ka badan heerkulka ballaaran range.They waxaa loo isticmaalaa in kala duwan ee macaamiisha, warshadaha, codsiyada baabuurta iyo caafimaadka.
Waxaa jira laba nooc oo asaasi ah oo dareemayaasha fiber optic-ga, fiber optic-ga gudaha ah, fiber-ka waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida element dareenka. Dareemayaasha Fiber optic-ga waxay ka difaacaan faragelinta elektromagnetic, waxaa loo qaabayn karaa inay ku shaqeeyaan heerkul sare, waana kuwo aan shaqaynayn, sidaa darteed waxaa loo isticmaali karaa meel u dhow cadaadis sare ama walxo guban kara.
Dareenka kale ee fiber-optic ee ku salaysan tignoolajiyada fiber Bragg grating (FBG) ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa cabbiraadda booska. barakaca, dardargelinta iyo culayska.
Waxaa jira laba nooc oo ah dareemayaasha booska indhaha, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'encoders optical.Hal kiis, iftiinka ayaa loo diraa qaataha dhinaca kale ee dareemayaasha. Nooca labaad, iftiinka iftiinka iftiinka ayaa ka muuqda shayga la kormeeray oo ku soo laabtay isha iftiinka. Iyadoo ku xiran naqshadda dareemayaasha, isbeddelada guryaha iftiinka, sida dhererka dhererka, xoojinta, wajiga ama booska sheyga ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu go'aamiyo booska sheyga. loo heli karo dhaqdhaqaaq toosan iyo wareeg ah. Dareemayaashani waxay u kala baxaan saddex qaybood oo waaweyn; Codeeyayaasha indhaha ee gudbiya, codeeyayaasha indhaha ee milicsada, iyo codeeyayaasha indhaha ee interferometric.
Dareemayaasha booska Ultrasonic waxay isticmaalaan transducers crystal piezoelectric si ay u sii daayaan hirarka ultrasonic ee soo noqnoqonaya. qaylada deegaanka, shucaaca infrared iyo faragelinta electromagnetic.Tusaaleyaal codsiyada isticmaalaya dareemayaal booska ultrasonic waxaa ka mid ah ogaanshaha heerka dareere, tirinta-xawaaraha sare ee walxaha, nidaamyada navigation robotic, iyo automotive sensing.A caadiga ah automotive ultrasonic shidma ka kooban yahay guri caag ah, transducer piezoelectric ah oo leh xuubka dheeraadka ah, iyo guddiga wareegga daabacan oo leh wareegyada elektiroonigga ah iyo kontoroolka mikrosmier (5).
Dareemayaasha boosku waxay qiyaasi karaan qummanaan ama qaraabo toosan, wareeg ah iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa xaglaha ah ee walxaha. Dareemayaasha booska waxay cabbiri karaan dhaqdhaqaaqa qalabka sida actuators ama motors.Waxay sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa goobaha moobiilka sida robots iyo cars. Farsamooyin kala duwan ayaa loo isticmaalaa dareemayaasha booska oo leh isku-dhafka kala duwan ee adkeysiga deegaanka, qiimaha, saxnaanta, soo celinta, iyo sifooyinka kale.
3D Magnetic Position Sensors, Allegro Microsystems Falanqaynta iyo Kor u qaadida Amniga Sensors Ultrasonic for Autonomous Vehicles, IEEE Internet of Things Journal Sida loo doorto dareenka booska, Cambridge Integrated CircuitsPosition sensors, Ixthus InstrumentationWaa maxay dareenka booska inductive?, Furaha Ammuuraha
Ka baadh arimihii ugu dambeeyay ee Naqshad Adduunka iyo arrimaha gadaal u isticmaal si fudud, qaab tayo sare leh. Wax ka beddel, la wadaag oo la soo deg maanta majaladda hormuudka ka ah naqshadaynta naqshadaynta.
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