Kubva pamaketani ebhobhoti kusvika kune mabhanhire ekutakura mumabasa ekugovera kune kutenderera kwemhepo turbine towers, nzvimbo yekuona ibasa rinokosha mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa.Inogona kutora maitiro akawanda, kusanganisira linear, rotary, angular, absolute, incremental, contact and non-contact sensors.Specialized sensors yakagadziridzwa mumatatu e-technologies ekugadzirisa zvinogona kusanganisira zvigadziro zvitatu zveposimen. potentiometric, inductive, eddy current, capacitive, magnetostrictive, Hall effect, fiber optic, optical uye ultrasonic.
Iyi FAQ inopa sumo pfupi kune akasiyana siyana ekuona chinzvimbo, yobva yaongorora huwandu hwetekinoroji iyo vagadziri vanogona kusarudza kubva pakuita sarudzo yekunzwa chinzvimbo.
Potentiometric position sensors i-resistance-based devices inobatanidza nzira yakagadziriswa yekudzivirira ne wiper yakanamatira kune chinhu chine nzvimbo inoda kunzwisiswa.Kufamba kwechinhu kunofambisa mawiper pamugwagwa.Mamiriro echinhu chacho anoyerwa nekushandisa voltage divider network inoumbwa nenjanji uye wipers kuyera linear kana rotational motion ine fixed DC voltage (Mufananidzo 1, ometric general sensor ine mari shoma uye Pote 1 inodhura). repeatability.
Inductive position sensors utilize change in the properties of the magnetic field induced in the sensor coil.Zvichienderana nemagadzirirwo adzo, anogona kuyera linear kana rotational position.Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) position sensors dzinoshandisa makoiri matatu akaputirwa nehollow tube; koiri yekutanga nemakoiri maviri echipiri.Makoiri akabatanidzwa munhevedzano, uye hukama hwechikamu chekoiri yechipiri i180 ° kunze kwechikamu maererano nekoiri yekutanga.A ferromagnetic core inonzi armature inoiswa mukati mechubhu uye yakabatana nechinhu chiri panzvimbo iri kuyerwa.An excitation voltage inoiswa kune yekutanga coil uye electromagnetic force (EMF musecondary voltage in the coil mesu). coils, nzvimbo yakaenzana yezvombo uye izvo zvakasungirirwa zvinogona kugadziriswa.A inotenderera inotenderera yakasiyana-siyana yekushandura transformer (RVDT) inoshandisa nzira imwechete yekutsvaga nzvimbo inotenderera. LVDT uye RVDT sensors inopa kunaka kwakanaka, mutsara, kugadzirisa uye kunzwisisika kwepamusoro.Hadzina frictionless uye dzinogona kuiswa chisimbiso kuti dzishandiswe munzvimbo dzakaoma.
Eddy current position sensors anoshanda ne conductive things.Eddy currents induced currents inoitika mu conductive materials in the presence of a change magnetic field.Aya macurrents anoyerera ari akavharika loop uye anogadzira yechipiri magnetic field.Eddy current sensors anosanganisira coils and linearization circuits.The alternating current inopa coil kuti igadzire iyo yeprimary magineti kana kufambisa pfungwa ichibva kune magineti,inofambisa chinhu kubva kune magineti. kupindirana kwechikamu chechipiri chinogadzirwa nemagetsi e-eddy, izvo zvinokanganisa coil's impedance.Sezvo chinhu chinoswedera pedyo nekoiri, kurasikirwa kwemazuva ano kunowedzera uye oscillating voltage inova duku (Figure 2) .The oscillating voltage inogadziriswa uye inogadziriswa neine linearizer circuit kuti ibudise mutsara weDC inobuda zvichienderana nechekure.
Midziyo yeEddy yemazuva ano yakaoma, isiri-contact michina inowanzoshandiswa seproximity sensors. Iwo ari omnidirectional uye anogona kuona kuremerwa nechinhu, asi kwete gwara kana chinhambwe chakakwana kune chinhu.
Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, capacitive position sensors inoyera kuchinja kwehutano kuti ione nzvimbo yechinhu chiri kunzwa.Idzi dzisingabatanidzi sensors dzinogona kushandiswa kuyera mutsara kana kutenderera nzvimbo.Idzo dzinosanganisira mahwendefa maviri akaparadzaniswa nedielectric material uye anoshandisa imwe yenzira mbiri kuona nzvimbo yechinhu:
Kuti ikonzere shanduko mune dielectric constant, chinhu chine chinzvimbo chinofanirwa kuwonekwa chakabatanidzwa kune dielectric material.Sezvo dielectric material inofamba, iyo inoshanda dielectric constant ye capacitor inoshanduka nekuda kwekusanganiswa kwenzvimbo ye dielectric material uye dielectric constant yemhepo.Nerimwewo, chinhu chinogona kubatanidzwa kune imwe yeplate inofambisa inovhara, kana plate inovhara. kure, uye shanduko ye capacitance inoshandiswa kuona nzvimbo yakaenzana.
Capacitive sensors inogona kuyera kutama, kureba, nzvimbo uye kukora kwezvinhu.Nekuda kwekugadzikana kwavo kwechiratidzo chepamusoro uye kugadziriswa, capacitive displacement sensors inoshandiswa munzvimbo dze laboratori uye maindasitiri.Semuyenzaniso, magadzirirwo emagetsi anoshandiswa kuyera ukuru hwemafirimu uye adhesive application mu automated process.Mumichina yeindasitiri, inoshandiswa kutarisa kutama uye chinzvimbo chemidziyo.
Magnetostriction inzvimbo yeferromagnetic zvinhu izvo zvinoita kuti zvinhu zvichinje saizi kana chimiro kana magineti akaiswa.Mu magnetostrictive position sensor, inofambiswa magineti inosungirirwa kune chinhu chiri kuyerwa.Iyo ine waveguide ine waya dzinotakura zvino pulses, yakabatana kune sensor iri kumagumo e wave wave3se, inotumira magineti waveguide (Figu inodzika pulses). munda unogadzirwa muwaya inopindirana neaxial magnetic field ye magnetti isingagumi (iyo magnet mu cylinder piston, Mufananidzo 3a) .Kupindirana kwemunda kunokonzerwa nekugadzirisa (iyo Wiedemann effect), iyo inokonzera waya, inogadzira acoustic pulse inopararira pamwe chete ne waveguide uye inoonekwa neave wave pakuguma. nguva yakapera pakati pekutanga kwemhepo yemazuva ano uye kuonekwa kweacoustic pulse, nzvimbo yakaenzana yemagineti yechigaro uye naizvozvo chinhu chinogona kuyerwa (Fig. 3c).
Magnetostrictive position sensors is non-contact sensors anoshandiswa kuona linear position.Mawaveguides anowanzoiswa mustainless simbi kana machubhu ealuminium, zvichiita kuti masensa aya ashandiswe munzvimbo dzine tsvina kana nyoro.
Kana iyo yakaonda, flat conductor yakaiswa mune magnetic field, chero ikozvino kuyerera kunowedzera kuvaka kune rumwe rutivi rwe conductor, zvichiita mutsauko unogona kunzi Hall voltage.Kana ikozvino mune conductor inoramba iripo, ukuru hweHoro voltage hucharatidza simba remagnetic field.Mu Hall-effect position sensor, chinhu chakabatanidzwa kune magineti inogara mu sensor shaft, inoshandura chigadziro cheHoro shaft. kushanduka kweHoro voltage.Nekuyera magetsi eHoro, nzvimbo yechinhu inogona kugadziriswa.Kune nyanzvi dzeHall-effect position sensors dzinogona kutarisa nzvimbo muzvikamu zvitatu (Figure 4) .Horo-effect position sensors isiri-contact midziyo inopa kuvimbika kwepamusoro uye nekukurumidza kunzwa, uye inoshanda pamusoro pehupamhi hwekushisa.Iyo inoshandiswa mumhando yemotokari yemotokari, yezvokurapa uye yezvokurapa.
Kune maviri akakosha marudzi efiber optic sensors.In intrinsic fiber optic sensors, fiber inoshandiswa sechinhu chinonzwa optical frequency domain reflectometer.Fiber optic sensors haigoni kukanganiswa nemagetsi emagetsi, inogona kugadzirwa kuti ishande pakupisa kwepamusoro, uye haisi-conductive, saka inogona kushandiswa pedyo nepamusoro-soro kana zvinhu zvinopisa.
Imwe fiber-optic sensing yakavakirwa pafiber Bragg grating (FBG) tekinoroji inogonawo kushandiswa pakuyera chinzvimbo.FBG inoshanda sengeno sefa, ichiratidza chikamu chidiki chechiedza chakanangana neBragg wavelength (λB) kana ichivhenekerwa nebroad-spectrum light.Inogadzirwa ine microstructures yakamisikidzwa mufiber core inoshandiswa kuyera, kumanikidza kwakasiyana-siyana.FBG. kurereka, kutama, kukurumidza uye mutoro.
Kune marudzi maviri e-optical position sensors, inozivikanwawo se optical encoders.Mune imwe nyaya, chiedza chinotumirwa kune chigadziro kune imwe mugumo we sensor.Murudzi rwechipiri, chiratidzo chechiedza chinobudiswa chinoratidzwa nechinhu chakatariswa uye chinodzokera kune chiedza chechiedza.Zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwe sensor, kuchinja kwezvinhu chiedza, zvakadai sewavelength, intensity, phase kana polarization inoshandiswa kugadzirisa nzvimbo yepolarization. ma sensors anowanikwa kune linear uye rotary motion.Ma sensor aya anowira muzvikamu zvitatu zvikuru; transmissive optical encoder, inoratidzira optical encoder, uye interferometric optical encoder.
Ultrasonic position sensors inoshandisa piezoelectric crystal transducers kuti ibudise mafungu e-high-frequency ultrasonic waves.Iyo sensor inoyera inzwi rinoratidzwa.Ultrasonic sensors inogona kushandiswa semasikirini akareruka ekuswedera pedyo, kana mamwe maitiro akaoma anogona kupa ruzivo rwakasiyana.Ultrasonic position sensors inoshanda nezvinhu zvinotarisirwa zvezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye maitiro epamusoro, uye inogona kuona nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinopikisa zvinhu zviduku. Kudengenyeka, ruzha, infrared radiation uye electromagnetic interference.Mienzaniso yemaapplications anoshandisa ultrasonic position sensors anosanganisira kuona fluid level, high-speed kuverenga kwezvinhu, robotic navigation systems, and automotive sensing.A typical automotive ultrasonic sensor ine imba yepurasitiki, piezoelectric transducer ine imwe tambo yemagetsi inotapudza, ine tambo yemagetsi inogashira membrane uye microprints control. uye kugadzirisa zviratidzo (Mufananidzo 5).
Position sensors inogona kuyera mhedziso kana kuenzanisa mutsara, kutenderera uye angular kufamba kwezvinhu.Position sensors inogona kuyera kufamba kwemidziyo yakadai semagetsi kana motors.Iyo inoshandiswawo mumapuratifomu emafoni akadai semarobhoti nemotokari.Unyanzvi hwakasiyana-siyana hunoshandiswa mumasensi echinzvimbo pamwe nekubatanidzwa kwakasiyana-siyana kwekusimba kwezvakatipoteredza, mari, kudzokorora, kudzokorora, uye zvimwe.
3D Magnetic Position Sensors, Allegro MicrosystemsKuongorora uye Kuvandudza Kuchengetedzeka kweUltrasonic Sensors yeMotokari Dzinozvimirira, IEEE Internet yeZvinhu Journal Nzira yekusarudza sensor yenzvimbo, Cambridge Integrated CircuitsPosition sensor types, Ixthus InstrumentationChii chinonzi inductive position sensor?, Kunzwa Kwokunzwa, Kunzwa Kwokunzwisisa, Kunzwa Kwokunzwisisa, Kunzwa Kwokuita Kwokuti chii?
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