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Nnyocha ihe nlele mmiri nwere ọtụtụ ojiji na sayensị ndụ na nlekota gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ọrụ a, anyị emepụtala obere fotometer dị ọnụ ala ma dị ọnụ ala dabere na capillaries ígwè (MCCs) maka mkpebi nnabata nke oke mmetụta. Enwere ike ịbawanye ụzọ anya nke ukwuu, ma dị ogologo karịa ogologo anụ ahụ nke MWC, n'ihi na ìhè gbasaara site na mgbidi ígwè dị nro nke corrugated nwere ike ịnwe n'ime capillary n'agbanyeghị akụkụ nke ihe merenụ. Enwere ike nweta mkpokọta dị ala dị ka 5.12 nM site na iji reagents chromogenic nkịtị n'ihi mmụba anya ọhụrụ na-abụghị ahịrị na mgbanwe ihe nlele ngwa ngwa na nchọpụta glucose.
A na-eji fotometry eme ihe nke ukwuu maka nyocha ihe nlele mmiri mmiri n'ihi ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-emepụta chromogenic na ngwaọrụ optoelectronic semiconductor1,2,3,4,5. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere mkpebi nnabata nke cuvette ọdịnala, capillaries mmiri mmiri (LWC) na-egosipụta (TIR) ​​site n'idebe ìhè nyocha n'ime capillary1,2,3,4,5. Agbanyeghị, na-enweghị mmezi ọzọ, ụzọ anya dị naanị nso ogologo anụ ahụ nke LWC3.6, ịbawanye ogologo LWC gafere 1.0 m ga-enwe mbelata ìhè siri ike na nnukwu ihe egwu nke afụ, wdg.3, 7. Banyere mkpụrụ ndụ ntụgharị uche dị iche iche akwadoro maka mmezi ụzọ anya, a na-eme ka oke nchọpụta dịkwuo mma naanị site na ihe dị ka 2.5-8.9.
Ugbu a, e nwere ụdị LWC abụọ bụ́ isi, ya bụ Teflon AF capillaries (nwere ihe na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịpụta ìhè nke naanị ~1.3, nke dị ala karịa nke mmiri) na silica capillaries nke e ji Teflon AF ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri ígwè kpuchie1,3,4. Iji nweta TIR na njikọ dị n'etiti ihe dielectric, a chọrọ ihe ndị nwere obere ihe na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịpụta ìhè na akụkụ ìhè dị elu3,6,10. Banyere ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịpụta ìhè nke Teflon AF, Teflon AF na-eku ume n'ihi nhazi ya dị warara3,11 ma nwee ike ịmịkọrọ obere ihe ndị dị na ihe nlele mmiri. Maka ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịpụta ìhè nke e ji Teflon AF ma ọ bụ ígwè kpuchie n'èzí, ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịpụta ìhè nke quartz (1.45) dị elu karịa ọtụtụ ihe nlele mmiri mmiri (dịka ọmụmaatụ 1.33 maka mmiri)3,6,12,13. Maka ihe mkpuchi akpụkpọ ahụ e ji ihe mkpuchi ígwè kpuchie n'ime ya, a mụọla ihe ndị metụtara njem14,15,16,17,18, mana usoro mkpuchi ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya, elu ihe nkiri ígwè ahụ nwere nhazi siri ike ma nwee oghere4,19.
Tinyere nke ahụ, LWC azụmaahịa (AF Teflon Coated Capillaries na AF Teflon Coated Silica Capillaries, World Precision Instruments, Inc.) nwere ụfọdụ ọghọm ndị ọzọ, dịka: maka mmejọ. . Nnukwu olu nwụrụ anwụ nke TIR3,10, (2) T-connector (iji jikọọ capillaries, eriri, na tube ntinye/mpụta) nwere ike ijide afụ ikuku10.
N'otu oge ahụ, ịchọpụta ọkwa glucose dị oke mkpa maka nchọpụta ọrịa shuga, cirrhosis nke imeju na ọrịa uche20. yana ọtụtụ ụzọ nchọpụta dịka photometry (gụnyere spectrophotometry 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 na colorimetry na akwụkwọ 26, 27, 28), galvanometry 29, 30, 31, fluorometry 32, 33, 34, 35, optical polarimetry 36, surface plasmon resonance. 37, Fabry-Perot cavity 38, electrochemistry 39 na capillary electrophoresis 40,41 na ndị ọzọ. Agbanyeghị, ọtụtụ n'ime ụzọ ndị a chọrọ akụrụngwa dị oke ọnụ, nchọpụta nke glucose na ọtụtụ nanomolar concentrations ka bụ ihe ịma aka (dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka nha photometric21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, obere mkpokọta glucose). mmachi ahụ bụ naanị 30 nM mgbe ejiri nanoparticles Prussian blue mee ihe dị ka peroxidase). A na-achọkarị nyocha glucose nanomolar maka ọmụmụ ihe gbasara molekul dịka igbochi uto kansa prostate mmadụ42 na omume nhazi CO2 nke Prochlorococcus n'oké osimiri.
N'isiokwu a, e mepụtara obere fotometer dị ọnụ ala nke dabere na capillary ígwè (MWC), capillary ígwè anaghị agba nchara SUS316L nwere elu ime eletrọniki, maka mkpebi nnabata nke ukwuu. Ebe ọ bụ na enwere ike ijide ìhè n'ime capillaries ígwè n'agbanyeghị akụkụ nke ihe merenụ, enwere ike ịbawanye ụzọ anya nke ukwuu site na mgbasa ọkụ na elu ígwè corrugated na nke dị nro, ọ dịkwa ogologo karịa ogologo anụ ahụ nke MWC. Na mgbakwunye, e mepụtara njikọ T dị mfe maka njikọ anya na ntinye/mpụta mmiri iji belata olu nwụrụ anwụ ma zere mkpọchi afụ. Maka fotometer MWC 7 cm, a na-eme ka oke nchọpụta dịkwuo mma ihe dị ka ugboro 3000 ma e jiri ya tụnyere spectrophotometer azụmahịa nwere cuvette 1 cm n'ihi mmụba ọhụrụ nke ụzọ anya na-abụghị ahịrị na mgbanwe ihe nlele ngwa ngwa, enwere ike nwetakwa njupụta nchọpụta glucose. naanị 5.12 nM na-eji ihe ndị na-eme ka chromogenic dị na ya.
Dịka egosiri na Foto 1, fotometer nke dabeere na MWC nwere MWC dị sentimita 7 n'ogologo yana elu ime EP nke nwere electropolish, LED 505 nm nwere lens, foto nchọpụta uru a na-agbanwe agbanwe, na abụọ maka njikọ anya na ntinye mmiri. Ọpụpụ. A na-eji valvụ ụzọ atọ ejikọtara na tube ntinye Pike iji gbanwee ihe nlele na-abata. Tube Peek dabara nke ọma na efere quartz na MWC, yabụ a na-edebe olu nwụrụ anwụ na njikọ T ruo obere, na-egbochi afụ ikuku ịbanye n'ime ya nke ọma. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike itinye eriri collimated n'ime MWC ngwa ngwa na nke ọma site na efere quartz T-piece.
A na-etinye ihe nlele ahụ na mmiri mmiri n'ime MCC site na mpempe T, onye na-achọpụta ihe na-eme nchọpụta na-enwetakwa ihe nlele ahụ na-agafe na MCC. E tinyere ihe ngwọta ndị na-abata nke ihe nlele agba ma ọ bụ ndị na-enweghị oghere n'ime ICC site na valvụ ụzọ atọ. Dịka iwu Bia si dị, enwere ike ịgbakọ njupụta anya nke ihe nlele agba site na nha nha. 1.10
ebe Vcolor na Vblank bụ akara ngosi mmepụta nke fotodetector mgbe ewebata ihe nlele agba na oghere n'ime MCC, n'otu n'otu, Vdark bụkwa akara ndabere nke fotodetector mgbe agbanyụrụ LED. Enwere ike ịtụ mgbanwe na akara ngosi mmepụta ΔV = Vcolor–Vblank site na ịgbanwe ihe nlele. Dịka nha nha si dị. Dịka egosiri na Foto 1, ọ bụrụ na ΔV pere mpe karịa Vblank–Vdark, mgbe ị na-eji atụmatụ mgbanwe ihe nlele, obere mgbanwe na Vblank (dịka ọmụmaatụ drift) enweghị ike inwe obere mmetụta na uru AMWC.
Iji tụnyere arụmọrụ nke fotometer dabere na MWC na spectrophotometer dabere na cuvette, e jiri mmiri ink uhie mee ihe dị ka ihe nlele agba n'ihi nkwụsi ike agba ya dị mma na ezigbo njupụta na ntinye, DI H2O dị ka ihe nlele efu. . Dịka egosiri na Tebụl 1, e ji usoro dilution usoro dozie usoro nke mmiri ink uhie mee ihe site na iji DI H2O dị ka ihe mgbaze. A chọpụtara njupụta nke ihe nlele 1 (S1), agba uhie mbụ a na-agbazeghị agbaze, dị ka 1.0. Na fig. Foto 2 na-egosi foto anya nke ihe nlele ink uhie 11 (S4 ruo S14) yana njupụta (edepụtara na Tebụl 1) site na 8.0 × 10–3 (aka ekpe) ruo 8.2 × 10–10 (aka nri).
A na-egosi nsonaazụ nha maka ihe nlele 6 na Fig. 3(a). A na-eji akụ abụọ "↔" akara isi ihe mgbanwe n'etiti ihe nlele agba na ihe efu n'ime eserese ahụ. A pụrụ ịhụ na voltaji mmepụta na-abawanye ngwa ngwa mgbe a na-agbanwe site na ihe nlele agba gaa na ihe nlele efu na nke ọzọ. Enwere ike nweta Vcolor, Vblank na ΔV kwekọrọ dịka egosiri na eserese ahụ.
(a) Nsonaazụ nha maka ihe nlele nke 6, (b) ihe nlele nke 9, (c) ihe nlele nke 13, na (d) ihe nlele nke 14 site na iji ihe nlele foto nke dabeere na MWC.
E gosiri nsonaazụ nha maka ihe nlele 9, 13, na 14 na Fig. 3(b)-(d), n'otu n'otu. Dịka egosiri na Foto 3(d), ΔV a tụrụ bụ naanị nV 5, nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ugboro atọ uru mkpọtụ (2 nV). O siri ike ịmata obere ΔV na mkpọtụ. Ya mere, oke nchọpụta ruru njupụta nke 8.2 × 10-10 (ihe nlele 14). Site n'enyemaka nke nha nha. 1. Enwere ike ịgbakọ njupụta AMWC site na ụkpụrụ Vcolor, Vblank na Vdark a tụrụ. Maka ihe nchọpụta foto nke nwere uru nke 104 Vdark bụ -0.68 μV. A chịkọtara nsonaazụ nha maka ihe nlele niile na Tebụl 1 ma enwere ike ịchọta ya na ihe mgbakwunye. Dịka egosiri na Tebụl 1, a na-ahụ njupụta dị elu nke saturates, yabụ enweghị ike ịtụ njupụta dị elu karịa 3.7 site na spectrometers dabere na MWC.
Maka ntụnyere, a tụkwara ihe nlele ink uhie na spectrophotometer, a na-egosikwa nnabata Acuvette a tụrụ na Foto 4. E nwetara uru Acuvette na 505 nm (dịka egosiri na Tebụl 1) site na iji usoro nke ihe nlele 10, 11, ma ọ bụ 12 (dịka egosiri na ntinye) gaa na Foto 4) dị ka ntọala. Dịka egosiri, oke nchọpụta ruru njupụta nke 2.56 x 10-6 (ihe nlele 9) n'ihi na usoro nnabata nke ihe nlele 10, 11 na 12 enweghị ike ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti ha. Ya mere, mgbe a na-eji fotometer dabere na MWC, oke nchọpụta ahụ ka mma site na ihe dị ka 3125 ma e jiri ya tụnyere spectrophotometer dabere na cuvette.
E gosipụtara ntinye uche nke ịdabere na njupụta na Fig.5. Maka nha cuvette, ntinye uche nke dabere na ntinye uche nke ink n'ogologo ụzọ nke 1 cm. Ebe, maka nha dabere na MWC, a hụrụ mmụba na-abụghị ahịrị na ntinye uche na obere ntinye uche. Dịka iwu Bia si dị, ntinye uche nke kwekọrọ na ogologo ụzọ anya, yabụ uru ntinye uche nke AEF (akọwapụtara dị ka AEF = AMWC/Acuvette n'otu ntinye uche nke ink) bụ oke nke MWC na ogologo ụzọ anya nke cuvette. Dịka egosiri na Foto 5, na oke ntinye uche, AEF na-agbanwe agbanwe dị ihe dịka 7.0, nke bụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya ebe ọ bụ na ogologo nke MWC bụ kpọmkwem ugboro 7 ogologo nke cuvette 1 cm. Agbanyeghị, na obere mkpokọta (njupụta dị n'etiti <1.28 × 10-5), AEF na-abawanye ka njupụta dị n'etiti na-ebelata ma ga-eru uru nke 803 na njupụta yiri ya nke 8.2 × 10-10 site na iwepụ usoro nha dabere na cuvette. Agbanyeghị, na obere mkpokọta (njupụta dị n'etiti <1.28 × 10-5), AEF na-abawanye ka njupụta dị n'etiti na-ebelata ma ga-eru uru nke 803 na njupụta yiri ya nke 8.2 × 10-10 site na iwepụ usoro nha dabere na cuvette. Однако при низких концентрациях (относительная концентрация <1,28 × 10–5) AEF увеличивается с уменьшение достигать значения 803 при относительныy 8,2 × 10–10 pry эkstrapolyatsyonnaya krivoy измерения. Agbanyeghị, na obere njupụta (njupụta dị n'etiti <1.28 × 10–5), AEF na-abawanye ka njupụta dị n'etiti na-ebelata ma nwee ike iru uru nke 803 na njupụta dị n'etiti 8.2 × 10–10 mgbe e si na usoro nha cuvette wepụta ya.然而，在低浓度（相关浓度<1.28 × 10-5）下，AEF随着浓度的降低而增加，并且通过外推基于比色皿的测量曲线，在相关浓度为8.时将达到803 的值.在 低 浓度 （相关 浓度 <1.28 × 10-5） ， AEF 随着 的 降低比色皿 测量 曲线 ， 在 浓度 为 8.2 × 10-10 时 达到 到 Однако при низких концентрациях ( rелевантные концентрация< 1,28 × 10-5) Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri 0-1 × 8,0. Agbanyeghị, na obere mkpokọta (njupụta dị mkpa < 1.28 × 10-5) AED na-abawanye ka njupụta na-ebelata, mgbe a na-ewepụtakwa ya site na usoro nha dabere na cuvette, ọ na-erute uru njupụta dị nso nke 8.2 × 10–10 803.Nke a na-eme ka ụzọ anya kwekọrọ nke 803 cm (AEF × 1 cm), nke dị ogologo karịa ogologo anụ ahụ nke MWC, ma dịkwa ogologo karịa LWC kachasị ogologo dị n'ahịa (500 cm site na World Precision Instruments, Inc.). Doko Engineering LLC nwere ogologo nke 200 cm). Akọpụtabeghị mmụba a na-adịghị larịị na nnabata na LWC na mbụ.
Na eserese nke 6(a)-(c) na-egosi onyonyo anya, onyonyo mikroskopu, na onyonyo profaịlụ anya nke elu ime nke ngalaba MWC, n'otu n'otu. Dịka egosiri na eserese nke 6(a), elu ime dị ire ụtọ ma na-egbuke egbuke, nwere ike igosipụta ìhè a na-ahụ anya, ma na-egosipụta nke ọma. Dịka egosiri na eserese nke 6(b), n'ihi mgbanwe na ọdịdị kristal nke ígwè ahụ, obere mesas na adịghị mma na-apụta n'elu dị larịị. N'ihi obere mpaghara (<5 μm×5 μm), oke iru mmiri nke ọtụtụ elu erughị 1.2 nm (Foto 6(c)). N'ihi obere mpaghara (<5 μm×5 μm), oke iru mmiri nke ọtụtụ elu erughị 1.2 nm (Foto 6(c)). Ввиду малой площади (<5 мкм×5 мкм) шероховатость большей части поверхности составляет менее 1,2 6 . N'ihi obere mpaghara (<5 µm×5 µm), oke ike nke ọtụtụ elu ahụ erughị 1.2 nm (Foto 6(c)).考虑到小面积（<5 μm×5 μm），大多数表面的粗糙度小于1.2 nm（图6（c））。考虑到小面积（<5 μm×5 μm），大多数表面的粗糙度小于1.2 nm（图6（c））。 Учитывая небольшую площадь (<5 мкм × 5 мкм), шероховатость большинства. 6 (в) . N'ịtụle obere mpaghara ahụ (<5 µm × 5 µm), oke ike nke ọtụtụ elu dị obere karịa 1.2 nm (Foto 6(c)).
(a) Foto anya, (b) onyonyo mikroskopu, na (c) onyonyo anya nke elu ime nke MWC e bepụrụ.
Dịka egosiri na fig. 7(a), a na-ekpebi ụzọ anya LOP dị na capillary site na nkuku nke ihe merenụ θ (LOP = LC/sinθ, ebe LC bụ ogologo anụ ahụ nke capillary). Maka capillaries Teflon AF jupụtara na DI H2O, nkuku nke ihe merenụ ga-adị ukwuu karịa nkuku dị mkpa nke 77.8°, yabụ LOP erughị 1.02 × LC na-enweghị mmezi ọzọ3.6. Ebe, na MWC, njide nke ìhè dị n'ime capillary na-adabereghị na index refractive ma ọ bụ nkuku nke ihe merenụ, yabụ ka nkuku nke ihe merenụ na-ebelata, ụzọ ìhè nwere ike ịdị ogologo karịa ogologo nke capillary (LOP » LC). Dịka egosiri na fig. 7(b), elu ígwè a gbanyere agba nwere ike ibute mgbasa ọkụ, nke nwere ike ime ka ụzọ anya dịkwuo elu.
Ya mere, e nwere ụzọ ọkụ abụọ maka MWC: ìhè kpọmkwem na-enweghị ntụgharị uche (LOP = LC) na ìhè sawtooth nwere ọtụtụ ntụgharị uche n'etiti mgbidi dị n'akụkụ (LOP » LC). Dịka iwu Beer si dị, ike nke ìhè kpọmkwem na zigzag enwere ike igosipụta dị ka PS ×exp(-α×LC) na PZ×exp(-α×LOP) n'otu n'otu, ebe α na-agbanwe agbanwe bụ ihe na-anabata ihe, nke dabere kpamkpam na ntinye ink.
Maka ink dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, njupụta ya >1.28 × 10-5), a na-ebelata ọkụ zigzag nke ukwuu, ike ya dịkwa ala karịa nke ìhè kwụ ọtọ, n'ihi nnukwu njupụta ya na ụzọ anya ya dị ogologo. Maka ink dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, njupụta ya >1.28 × 10-5), a na-ebelata ọkụ zigzag nke ukwuu, ike ya dịkwa ala karịa nke ìhè kwụ ọtọ, n'ihi nnukwu njupụta ya na ụzọ anya ya dị ogologo. Для чернил с высокой концентрацией (например, относительная концентрация > 1,28 × 10-5) а его интенсивность намного ниже, чем у прямого света. оптического излучения. Maka ink dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, njupụta dị n'etiti >1.28 × 10-5), a na-ebelata ọkụ zigzag nke ukwuu, ike ya dịkwa ala karịa nke ìhè kpọmkwem n'ihi nnukwu njupụta na mwepụta anya dị ogologo.egwu.对于高浓度墨水（例如，相关浓度>1.28×10-5），Z字形光衰减很大，其强度远低于直光，这是由于吸收系数大，光学时间更长。对于 高浓度 墨水 （例如 ， 浓度 浓度> 1.28 × 10-5） ， z 字形, 这 吸收 系数 大 光学 时间 更。 长 长 长Для чернил с высокой концентрацией (например, релевантные концентраци > 1,28×10-5) ослабляется, и его интенсивность намного ниже, чем у прямого света длительного оптического времени. Maka ink dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, oke dị mkpa >1.28 × 10-5), a na-ebelata oke ọkụ zigzag ma ike ya dị ala karịa nke ìhè kpọmkwem n'ihi oke oke mmịpụta na oge anya dị ogologo.obere okporo ụzọ.Ya mere, ìhè kpọmkwem chịrị mkpebi nnabata (LOP=LC) ma AEF nọgidere na-agbanwe agbanwe na ~7.0. N'ụzọ dị iche, mgbe ọnụọgụgụ ink na-ebelata ka ọnụọgụgụ ink na-ebelata (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọnụọgụgụ metụtara <1.28 × 10-5), ike nke ìhè zigzag na-abawanye ngwa ngwa karịa nke ìhè kwụ ọtọ wee zigzag-light na-amalite ịrụ ọrụ dị mkpa karịa. N'ụzọ dị iche, mgbe ọnụọgụgụ ink na-ebelata ka ọnụọgụgụ ink na-ebelata (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọnụọgụgụ metụtara <1.28 × 10-5), ike nke ìhè zigzag na-abawanye ngwa ngwa karịa nke ìhè kwụ ọtọ wee zigzag-light na-amalite ịrụ ọrụ dị mkpa karịa. Напротив, когда коэффициент поглощения уменьшается. концентрация <1,28 × 10-5), интенсивность. играть зигзагобразный свет. N'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, mgbe ọnụọgụgụ nnabata ahụ belatara ka ntinye ink na-ebelata (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntinye ink dị n'etiti <1.28×10-5), ike nke ìhè zigzag na-abawanye ngwa ngwa karịa nke ìhè kpọmkwem, mgbe ahụ ọkụ zigzag na-amalite ịkpọ egwu.ọrụ dị mkpa karịa.相反，当吸收系数随着墨水浓度的降低而降低时（例如，相关浓度<1.28×10-5 .当 吸收 系数 随着 墨水 的 降低 而 降低字形光 的 强度 比 增加 得 更更 更 更 HI的角色. И наоборот, когда коэффициент поглощения уменьшается. ihe mgbagwoju anya <1,28×10-5), интенсивность зигзагообразного свет начинает играть более важную роль. N'aka nke ọzọ, mgbe ọnụọgụgụ nnabata ahụ belatara ka ink na-ebelata (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọnụọgụgụ kwekọrọ < 1.28 × 10-5), ike nke ìhè zigzag na-abawanye ngwa ngwa karịa ìhè kpọmkwem, mgbe ahụ ọkụ zigzag na-amalite ịrụ ọrụ dị mkpa karịa.agwa.Ya mere, n'ihi ụzọ anya sawtooth (LOP » LC), enwere ike ịbawanye AEF karịa 7.0. Enwere ike nweta njirimara nnyefe ìhè kpọmkwem nke MWC site na iji usoro echiche waveguide.
Na mgbakwunye na imeziwanye ụzọ anya, mgbanwe ihe nlele ngwa ngwa na-enyekwa aka na oke nchọpụta dị oke ala. N'ihi obere olu nke MCC (0.16 ml), oge achọrọ iji gbanwee ma gbanwee ihe ngwọta na MCC nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-erughị sekọnd 20. Dịka egosiri na Foto 5, uru kacha nta a na-achọpụta nke AMWC (2.5 × 10–4) dị ala karịa nke Acuvette (1.0 × 10–3). Mgbanwe ngwa ngwa nke ihe ngwọta na-asọ asọ na capillary na-ebelata mmetụta nke mkpọtụ sistemụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ drift) na izi ezi nke ọdịiche nnabata ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe ngwọta njide na cuvette. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dịka egosiri na Fig. 3(b)-(d), enwere ike ịmata ΔV ngwa ngwa site na mgbaàmà drift n'ihi mgbanwe ihe nlele ngwa ngwa na obere capillary olu.
Dịka egosiri na Tebụl 2, e ji DI H2O mee ọtụtụ ihe ngwọta glucose n'ọtụtụ dị iche iche. E ji ngwakọta nke ihe ngwọta glucose ma ọ bụ mmiri e tinyere n'ime ion mee ihe na ngwọta chromogenic nke glucose oxidase (GOD) na peroxidase (POD) 37 n'ogo olu edobere nke 3:1, n'otu n'otu. Na Fig. 8, ọ na-egosi foto anya nke ihe nlele itoolu e tinyere n'ime (S2-S10) yana mkpokọta glucose sitere na 2.0 mM (aka ekpe) ruo 5.12 nM (aka nri). Ọbara ọbara na-ebelata ka mkpokọta glucose na-ebelata.
A na-egosi nsonaazụ nke nha nke ihe nlele 4, 9, na 10 site na iji fotometer dabere na MWC na Fig. 9(a)-(c), n'otu n'otu. Dịka egosiri na fig. 9(c), a na-atụ ΔV nke a tụrụ na-adị obere ma na-abawanye nwayọ nwayọ n'oge nha ka agba nke ihe mmeghachi omume GOD-POD n'onwe ya (ọbụlagodi na-etinyeghị glucose) na-agbanwe nwayọ nwayọ n'ìhè. Ya mere, enweghị ike imegharị nha ΔV na-esote maka ihe nlele nwere mkpokọta glucose nke na-erughị 5.12 nM (ihe nlele 10), n'ihi na mgbe ΔV dị obere nke ọma, enweghị ike ileghara enweghị ike nke ihe mmeghachi omume GOD-POD anya ọzọ. Ya mere, oke nchọpụta maka ngwọta glucose bụ 5.12 nM, ọ bụ ezie na uru ΔV kwekọrọ (0.52 µV) buru ibu karịa uru mkpọtụ (0.03 µV), na-egosi na enwere ike ịchọpụta obere ΔV. Enwere ike imeziwanye oke nchọpụta a site na iji ihe mmeghachi omume chromogenic kwụsiri ike.
(a) Nsonaazụ nha maka ihe nlele nke 4, (b) ihe nlele nke 9, na (c) ihe nlele nke 10 site na iji fotometer dabere na MWC.
Enwere ike ịgbakọ nnabata AMWC site na iji ụkpụrụ Vcolor, Vblank na Vdark a tụrụ. Maka fotodetector nwere uru nke 105 Vdark bụ -0.068 μV. Enwere ike ịtọ nha maka ihe nlele niile na ihe mgbakwunye. Iji tụnyere ya, a tụkwara ihe nlele glucose na spectrophotometer, nnabata nke Acuvette ruru oke nchọpụta nke 0.64 µM (ihe nlele 7) dịka egosiri na Foto 10.
E gosipụtara mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nnabata na ntinye uche na eserese nke 11. Site na fotometer nke dabeere na MWC, e nwetara mmụba okpukpu 125 na oke nchọpụta ma e jiri ya tụnyere spectrophotometer nke dabere na cuvette. Mmezi a dị ala karịa nnwale ink uhie n'ihi enweghị nkwụsi ike nke ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-adịghị mma. A hụkwara mmụba na-abụghị ahịrị na nnabata na obere njupụta.
Emepụtala fotometer nke dabeere na MWC maka ịchọpụta ihe nlele mmiri dị oke nro. Enwere ike ịbawanye ụzọ anya nke ukwuu, ma dị ogologo karịa ogologo anụ ahụ nke MWC, n'ihi na ìhè nke gbasasịrị site na mgbidi ígwè dị nro nke corrugated nwere ike ịnwe n'ime capillary n'agbanyeghị akụkụ nke ihe merenụ. Enwere ike nweta ntinye dị ala dị ka 5.12 nM site na iji ihe ndị na-eme ihe GOD-POD nkịtị site na mmụba anya ọhụrụ na-abụghị nke ahịrị na mgbanwe ihe nlele ngwa ngwa na nchọpụta glucose. A ga-eji obere fotometer a dị ọnụ ala ma dị ọnụ ala mee ihe na sayensị ndụ na nlekota gburugburu ebe obibi maka nyocha ihe.
Dịka egosiri na Foto 1, fotometer nke dabeere na MWC nwere MWC dị sentimita 7 n'ogologo (dayameta ime 1.7 mm, dayameta mpụta 3.18 mm, elu ime EP nke a na-akpụchapụrụ achacha, SUS316L ígwè anaghị agba nchara), LED ogologo 505 nm (Thorlabs M505F1), na lenses (ebe a gbasaara ihe dị ka ogo 6.6), fotodetector gain variable (Thorlabs PDB450C) na njikọ T abụọ maka nkwukọrịta anya na mmiri mmiri. A na-eme njikọ T site na ijikọ efere quartz doro anya na tube PMMA ebe a na-etinye MWC na Peek tubes (0.72 mm ID, 1.6 mm OD, Vici Valco Corp.) nke ọma ma jikọta ya nke ọma. A na-eji valvụ ụzọ atọ ejikọtara na tube ntinye Pike iji gbanwee ihe nlele na-abata. Ihe nchọpụta foto nwere ike ịtụgharị ike anya P natara ka ọ bụrụ ihe mgbaàmà voltaji agbakwunyere N × V (ebe V/P = 1.0 V/W na 1550 nm, enwere ike ịgbanwe N gain aka na oke nke 103-107). Maka nkenke, a na-eji V kama N × V dị ka ihe mgbaàmà mmepụta.
Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ya, e jikwa igwe spectrophotometer azụmaahịa (usoro Agilent Technologies Cary 300 nwere R928 High Efficiency Photomultiplier) nke nwere mkpụrụ cuvette 1.0 cm tụọ nnabata nke ihe nlele mmiri.
E jiri ihe nyocha ihu igwe anya (ZYGO New View 5022) lee elu ime nke MWC e gbuturu, nke nwere mkpebi kwụ ọtọ na nke dị n'akụkụ nke 0.1 nm na 0.11 µm, n'otu n'otu.
E si na Sichuan Chuangke Biotechnology Co., Ltd zụta kemịkalụ niile (ọkwa nyocha, enweghị nhicha ọzọ). Ngwa nnwale glucose gụnyere glucose oxidase (GOD), peroxidase (POD), 4-aminoantipyrine na phenol, wdg. E ji usoro GOD-POD 37 nkịtị kwadebe ngwọta chromogenic ahụ.
Dịka egosiri na Tebụl nke 2, e ji usoro dilution usoro DI H2O kwadebe ọtụtụ ihe ngwọta glucose n'ọtụtụ dị iche iche. Kwadebe ihe nlele ndị nwere ntụpọ ma ọ bụ oghere site na ịgwakọta ihe ngwọta glucose ma ọ bụ mmiri deionized na ihe ngwọta chromogenic na oke olu edobere nke 3:1, n'otu n'otu. E debere ihe nlele niile na 37°C echekwara site na ìhè ruo nkeji iri tupu a tụọ ha. N'ụzọ GOD-POD, ihe nlele ndị nwere ntụpọ na-acha uhie uhie na oke nnabata na 505 nm, nnabata ahụ dịkwa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nhata na mkpokọta glucose.
Dịka egosiri na Tebụl 1, e ji usoro dilution usoro nke DI H2O kwadebe usoro ngwọta ink uhie (Ostrich Ink Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China) dịka ihe mgbaze.
Otu esi akpọtụ akụkọ a: Bai, M. et al. Fotometer dị mkpụmkpụ dabere na capillaries ígwè: maka ikpebi mkpokọta glucose nanomolar. sayensị. 5, 10476. doi: 10.1038/srep10476 (2015).
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Dallas, T. & Dasgupta, PK Light na njedebe nke ọwara ahụ: ojiji nyocha ọhụrụ nke ndị nduzi mmiri mmiri-isi. Dallas, T. & Dasgupta, PK Light na njedebe nke ọwara ahụ: ojiji nyocha ọhụrụ nke ndị nduzi mmiri mmiri-isi.Dallas, T. na Dasgupta, PK Light na njedebe nke ọwara ahụ: ojiji nyocha ọhụrụ nke ndị nduzi mmiri mmiri-isi. Dallas, T. & Dasgupta, PK Light na njedebe nke ọwara ahụ: 液芯波导的最新分析应用。 Dallas, T. & Dasgupta, PK Light na njedebe nke ọwara ahụ: 液芯波导的最新分析应用。Dallas, T. na Dasgupta, PK Light na njedebe nke ọwara ahụ: ojiji nyocha kachasị ọhụrụ nke ndị nduzi mmiri mmiri mmiri.Trac, nyocha usoro. Kemịkal. 23, 385–392 (2004).
Ellis, PS, Gentle, BS, Grace, MR & McKelvie, ID Mkpụrụ ndụ nchọpụta fotometric dị n'ime nke nwere ike ịgbanwe agbanwe maka nyocha mmiri. Ellis, PS, Gentle, BS, Grace, MR & McKelvie, ID Mkpụrụ ndụ nchọpụta fotometric dị n'ime nke nwere ike ịgbanwe agbanwe maka nyocha mmiri.Ellis, PS, Gentle, BS, Grace, MR na McKelvey, ID Mkpụrụ ndụ nyocha ime photometric zuru oke maka nyocha mmiri. Ellis, PS, Gentle, BS, Grace, MR & McKelvie, ID 用于流量分析的多功能全内反射光度检测池。 Ellis, PS, Gentle, BS, Grace, MR na McKelvie, IDEllis, PS, Gentle, BS, Grace, MR na McKelvey, ID Universal TIR photometric cell maka nyocha usoro.Taranta 79, 830–835 (2009).
Ellis, PS, Lyddy-Meaney, AJ, Worsfold, PJ & McKelvie, ID Mkpụrụ ndụ photometric dị iche iche maka ojiji na nyocha nke mmiri estuarine. Ellis, PS, Lyddy-Meaney, AJ, Worsfold, PJ & McKelvie, ID Mkpụrụ ndụ photometric dị iche iche maka ojiji na nyocha nke mmiri estuarine.Ellis, PS, Liddy-Minnie, AJ, Worsfold, PJ na McKelvey, ID Mkpụrụ ndụ mmiri photometric nke na-egosipụta ọtụtụ ihe maka iji na nyocha mmiri nke mmiri estuarine. Ellis, PS, Lyddy-Meaney, AJ, Worsfold, PJ & McKelvie, ID 多反射光度流动池，用于河口水域的流动注入分析。 Ellis, PS, Lyddy-Meaney, AJ, Worsfold, PJ na McKelvie, ID.Ellis, PS, Liddy-Minnie, AJ, Worsfold, PJ na McKelvey, ID Mkpụrụ ndụ photometric nke na-egosipụta ọtụtụ ihe maka nyocha nke ntinye mmiri na mmiri estuarine.ike Chim. Acta 499, 81-89 (2003).
Pan, J. -Z., Yao, B. & Fang, Q. Fotometer ejiri aka jide dabere na nchọpụta nnabata ebili mmiri-isi mmiri maka ihe nlele nanoliter. Pan, J.-Z., Yao, B. & Fang, Q. Fotometer ejiri aka jide dabere na nchọpụta nnabata ebili mmiri-isi mmiri maka ihe nlele nanoliter.Pan, J.-Z., Yao, B. na Fang, K. Fotomita ejiri aka jide dabere na nchọpụta mmiri mmiri-isi wavelength maka ihe nlele nanoliter. Pan, J. -Z., Yao, B. & Fang, Q. 基于液芯波导吸收检测的纳升级样品手持光度计。 Pan, J.-Z., Yao, B. & Fang, Q. Dabere na 液芯波波水水水油法的纳法手手手持光度计.Pan, J.-Z., Yao, B. na Fang, K. Fotomita ejiri aka jide nwere ihe nlele nanoscale dabere na nchọpụta nke mmịpụta na ebili mmiri mmiri.Kemịkal ike. 82, 3394–3398 (2010).
Zhang, J.-Z. Mee ka mmetụta nke nyocha mmiri ọgwụ dịkwuo mma site na iji sel mmiri capillary nwere ụzọ anya dị ogologo maka nchọpụta spectrophotometric. anus. sayensị. 22, 57–60 (2006).
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Khijwania, SK & Gupta, BD Ihe mmetụta absorption field fiber optic evanescent: Mmetụta nke paramita eriri na geometry nke nyocha ahụ. Khijwania, SK & Gupta, BD Ihe mmetụta absorption field fiber optic evanescent: Mmetụta nke paramita eriri na geometry nke nyocha ahụ.Hijvania, SK na Gupta, BD Fiber Optic Evanescent Field Absorption Sensor: Mmetụta nke Fiber Parameters na Probe Geometry. Khijwania, SK & Gupta, BD 光纤倏逝场吸收传感器：光纤参数和探头几何形状的影响。 Khijwania, SK na Gupta, BDHijvania, SK na Gupta, BD Ihe mmetụta eriri anya Evanescent nke na-abanye n'ọhịa: mmetụta nke paramita eriri na geometry nyocha.Ngwa Elektrọnik na Ngwa Elektrọnik 31, 625–636 (1999).
Biedrzycki, S., Buric, MP, Falk, J. & Woodruff, SD Mmepụta akụkụ nke ihe mmetụta Raman nwere oghere, nke nwere ígwè, na ebili mmiri. Biedrzycki, S., Buric, MP, Falk, J. & Woodruff, SD Mmepụta akụkụ nke ihe mmetụta Raman nwere oghere, nke nwere ígwè, na ebili mmiri.Bedjitsky, S., Burich, MP, Falk, J. na Woodruff, SD Mmepụta akụkụ nke ihe mmetụta Raman nwere oghere nwere ihe mkpuchi ígwè. Biedrzycki, S., Buric, MP, Falk, J. & Woodruff, SD 空心金属内衬波导拉曼传感器的角输出. Biedrzycki, S., Buric, MP, Falk, J. & Woodruff, SD.Bedjitsky, S., Burich, MP, Falk, J. na Woodruff, SD Mmepụta akụkụ nke ihe mmetụta Raman nwere ntuziaka ígwè gba ọtọ.ngwa ịhọrọ 51, 2023-2025 (2012).
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