Amanani e-nickel aqale inyanga ephezulu, ephula amazinga aphezulu angaphambilini abonwe ngezikhathi ezimfushane njengamashadi ehora kanye nawansuku zonke. Ekugcineni, amanani abuyele esimweni esibi kakhulu esakheka ngaphambi kokuba i-LME ivalwe ngoMashi. Lesi senzo samanani sibonisa ukuthi i-nickel inamandla okukhuphuka uma amanani eqhubeka nokukhuphuka. Nokho, sekukonke, amanani ahlala ebangeni lokuhweba eliphakathi nendawo kuya kwelesikhathi eside. Abatshalizimali kuzodingeka baphule lokhu ukuze basungule umkhuba omusha wesikhathi eside.
Amasheya ensimbi engagqwali ayisicaba akhuphukile hhayi nje kuphela ezikhungweni zesevisi, kodwa nakwabanye abakhiqizi kanye nabasebenzisi bokugcina. Eqinisweni, imithombo itshele i-MetalMiner ukuthi isilinganiso sesitoko sempahla ezikhungweni zesevisi siphakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezine. Okungcono kakhulu, isikhungo sesevisi kufanele sibe nokunikezwa kwezinyanga ezimbili kuphela. I-MetalMiner iphinde yathola ulwazi lokuthi abanye abasebenzisi bokugcina banesitoko sezinyanga ezingaphezu kweziyisishiyagalolunye ezitezi zabo. Ngokusobala, ukutholakala kwamasheya anjalo kubasebenzisi bokugcina kanye nabakhiqizi kuzothinta ukunikezwa kwezikhungo zesevisi.
Ngo-2022, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engagqwali e-US kuyaqhubeka nokuvinjelwa ukwabiwa okuqinile kwama-alloy, ububanzi kanye nobukhulu obunqunywa abakhiqizi. Ngakho-ke ukuze kwandiswe ukukhiqizwa, iNorth American Stainless kanye ne-Outokumpu bagxile emizamweni yabo ekukhiqizeni i-304/304L ejwayelekile, kanye nama-316L angaba ngu-316L. Iningi lawo lingamasentimitha angu-48 ububanzi noma ngaphezulu kanye namasentimitha angu-0.035 ubukhulu. Ububanzi, isisindo esincane kanye nezengezo ze-alloy ziqala ukunciphisa izidingo zemikhiqizo yokukhipha amandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abathengi bensimbi engagqwali nabo bavikela ukubheja kwabo ngokuphindaphinda isidingo ngo-2022, futhi ukuphazamiseka kokunikezwa kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke.
Okwamanje, ukungeniswa kwensimbi engagqwali egoqwe ngokubandayo kwaqhubeka nokwenyuka phakathi nonyaka ka-2022, kwafinyelela esicongweni ngo-Ephreli-Juni. Lokhu kusize ekunciphiseni ukushoda kokunikezwa e-US, lapho ukungeniswa kuqale ukwehla njengoba izinto ezikhona ezikhungweni zezinsizakalo zikhuphukile. Naphezu kwentengo ephezulu kakhulu yokungeniswa kwempahla, izikhungo zezinsizakalo zaqala ukwehla ngokushesha. Izimpahla ezingenisiwe azifiki ngenyanga efanayo ye-oda. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukungeniswa kwensimbi egoqwe ngokubandayo kuyaqhubeka nokuvela (yize kube ngamanani amancane kakhulu).
Abakhiqizi abaningi abathengwe ngokweqile ukuze bagweme ukucima kogesi manje sebekhungathekile. Yonke imithombo yabo isivele ilethile inani elivunyelwene ngalo, futhi inkampani ayinakho okunye ngaphandle kokulinda. Ngenhlanhla, amabhizinisi athenga izimpahla ezidlulele kubasebenzisi bokugcina anganciphisa ingozi yempahla esetshenziswa ngabasebenzisi bokugcina futhi akhulule imali ethile. Isikhungo sesevisi ngeke sithenge impahla edlulele okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, kunezinkampani ezithile ze-B2B ezixhumanisa ngqo abathengisi nabathengi kulesi simo.
Eminye imithombo ku-MetalMiner isikisela ukuthi udaba lokwanda kwamasheya ezikhungweni zezinsizakalo lungaxazululwa ekuqaleni kuka-2022 futhi kungakapheli ikota yokuqala ka-2023. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela ukwehla okungenzeka kwalezi zigcini njengoba kusondela u-2022. Isibonelo, izindleko ezengeziwe kuma-alloy angu-304 ziqhubeke nokwehla kusukela esicongweni sazo ngoMeyi. Izindleko ezengeziwe zikaSepthemba 304 nazo bezingu-$1.2266 ngephawundi, zehle ngo-$0.6765 ngephawundi kusukela ngoMeyi.
Hlola imodeli yezindleko zensimbi engagqwali ye-MetalMiner ngokuhlela idemo yesikhulumi se-Insights.
Amazwe aseNtshonalanga angathinteki yizijeziso ayaqhubeka nokungenisa i-nickel yaseRussia. Eqinisweni, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kuye kwanda kusukela ngoMashi. IRussia ikhiqiza cishe u-7% womkhiqizo we-nickel emhlabeni, kanti inkampani yayo enkulu kunazo zonke, iNorilsk Nickel, ikhiqiza cishe u-15-20% we-nickel yebhethri emhlabeni.
I-US ibone ukwanda okukhulu kakhulu. Ukungeniswa kwe-nickel kusuka eRussia kuya e-US kwenyuke ngo-70% kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuJuni, ngokusho kwesizindalwazi se-UN Comtrade esihlanganiswe yi-Reuters. Okwamanje, ukungeniswa kwe-nickel e-EU kwenyuke ngo-22% esikhathini esifanayo.
Ukwanda kwezinto ezivela eRussia kubonisa izinto ezimbili. Okokuqala, amanani aphansi kungenzeka ukuthi enze i-nickel yaseRussia yakhanga kakhulu, njengoba wonke amanye amanani enyuka ngemva kokuhlasela kwe-Ukraine. Okwesibili, kusho ukuthi ukwesaba ukuphazamiseka kokunikezwa kwempahla okubangele ukwenyuka okukhulu kwamanani ezinsimbi eziyisisekelo ekuqaleni kukaMashi kwaphenduka ihaba.
Hlala usesikhathini ngokwenzekayo eMetalMiner kanye nasembonini yensimbi engagqwali ngezibuyekezo zamasonto onke – akukho kuthunyelwa kweposi okwengeziwe okudingekayo. Bhalisela iphephandaba lamasonto onke leMetalMiner.
Ngokuqala kwesizini yenkontileka ka-2023, abakhiqizi baseNtshonalanga bangase baqale ukwenqaba ukuthunyelwa okuvela eRussia.
Ngokusho kukaPaul Wharton, iphini likamongameli omkhulu weNorsk Hydro wemikhiqizo ye-aluminium ekhishwe ngaphandle, “ngeke neze sithenge eRussia ngo-2023.” Eqinisweni, izingxoxo zokuqala neNorilsk Nickel zibonisa ukuthi abathengi baseYurophu bafuna ukunciphisa ukuthengwa cishe yonke indawo.
Lezi zinguquko ekuhlinzekweni zingase zithuthele izinto ngesaphulelo ezinkampanini nasemazweni asazimisele ukungenisa ezivela eRussia. “Angazi ukuthi izinto ziyaphi manje – zingaya e-Asia, eShayina, eTurkey nakwezinye izindawo ezingazange zithathe umugqa oqinile ngezinto zaseRussia,” kusho uWharton.
Lokhu kungabangela izindleko ezengeziwe zezinto ezitholakala kweminye imithombo. Yiqiniso, akuzona zonke izinkampani ezizoba lukhuni kangaka ezintweni zaseRussia. Futhi njengoba lokhu kungazibophezeli ngokuzithandela, ngeke kuphoqe i-nickel yaseRussia ukuba iphume emakethe yomhlaba.
Isibikezelo saminyaka yonke se-MetalMiner sika-2023 siyaphuma kuleli sonto! Lo mbiko uqinisekisa umbono wethu wezinyanga eziyi-12 futhi unikeza izinkampani ezithengayo umbono ophelele wezici eziyisisekelo eziqhuba amanani, kanye nezibikezelo ezinemininingwane ezingasetshenziswa lapho ufuna izinsimbi kuze kube ngu-2023, kufaka phakathi amanani ajwayelekile alindelekile, amazinga okusekela kanye nokumelana.
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