Kunyangwe tekinoroji yekushongedza madziro emuchadenga isiri itsva, iri kuramba ichichinja, ichiwedzera simba uye ichishanda zvakasiyana-siyana, kunyanya kana zvasvika pakushongedza mapaipi. Kubvunzurudzwa naTom Hammer, nyanzvi yekushongedza madziro yeAxenics muMiddleton, Massachusetts, kunoratidza nzira dzakawanda dzinogona kushandiswa nadzo nzira iyi kugadzirisa matambudziko akaoma ekushongedza madziro. Mufananidzo nerubatsiro rweAxenics
Kuwedera kweOrbital kwave kuripo kwemakore angangoita makumi matanhatu, zvichiwedzera otomatiki mukuita kweGMAW. Iyi inzira yakavimbika uye inoshanda yekuita welds dzakawanda, kunyangwe vamwe vagadziri veOEM vasati vashandisa simba revanowedera veorbital, vachivimba nekuwedera nemaoko kana dzimwe nzira dzekubatanidza machubhu esimbi.
Nheyo dzekubatanidza simbi dzinotenderera dzave dziripo kwemakumi emakore, asi kugona kwevanobatanidza simbi itsva dzinotenderera kunoita kuti vave chishandiso chine simba mune zvishandiso zvemuchina wekusanganisa simbi, sezvo vazhinji vava nezvinhu "zvakangwara" zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuronga nekugadzirisa usati wabatanidza simbi chaiyo. Tanga nekugadzirisa nekukurumidza uye nemazvo kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti simbi dzinotenderera dzakafanana, dzakachena uye dzakavimbika.
Chikwata cheAxenics chevanowedera muMiddleton, Massachusetts, chinogadzira zvikamu zvechibvumirano chinotungamira vatengi vayo vazhinji mukuita mabasa ekuwedera mumhepo kana paine zvinhu zvakakodzera pabasa racho.
"Pazvaikwanisika, taida kubvisa chinhu chinoshandiswa nevanhu mukunamira, sezvo vanonamira veorbital vanowanzo gadzira ma weld emhando yepamusoro," anodaro Tom Hammer, nyanzvi yekunamira veAxenics.
Kunyangwe kupinza kwekutanga kwakaitwa makore 2000 apfuura, kupinza kwemazuva ano inzira yepamusoro-soro iyo inokosha kune mamwe matekinoroji emazuva ano uye maitiro. Semuenzaniso, kupinza kwe orbital kunogona kushandiswa kugadzira masisitimu emapaipi akachena kwazvo anoshandiswa kugadzira mawafer e semiconductor anoshandiswa mumagetsi ese nhasi.
Mumwe wevatengi veAxenics ari muchikamu chekutengesa zvinhu izvi. Yakatsvaga kambani inogadzira zvinhu kuti ibatsire kuwedzera kugona kwayo kugadzira zvinhu, kunyanya kugadzira nekuisa nzira dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinobvumira magasi kupfuura nepakati pekugadzira wafer.
Kunyange zvazvo mayuniti ekushongedza emuchadenga nematafura anotenderera ane machira etochi aripo pamabasa mazhinji etubhu kuAxenics, izvi hazvidzivisi kushongedza nemaoko dzimwe nguva.
Hammer nechikwata chevanonamira vakaongorora zvinodiwa nemutengi uye vakabvunza mibvunzo, vachifunga nezvemutengo nenguva:
Mawelder e rotary akavharwa orbital anoshandiswa neHammer ndeaya: Swagelok M200 neArc Machines Model 207A. Anogona kubata machubhu ane 1/16 kusvika 4 inch.
"Microheads inotibvumira kupinda munzvimbo dzakamanikana," akadaro. "Chimwe chirambidzo chekushongedza orbital ndechekuti tine musoro unoenderana nejoinhi chaiyo here. Asi nhasi, unogona zvakare kuputira cheni papombi yauri kushongedza. Welder anogona kupfuura cheni, uye hapana muganho wehukuru hwewelds dzaunogona kuita. . Ndakaona mamwe magadzirirwo anoita welding pa20″. Pipe. Zvinoshamisa zvinogona kuitwa nemichina iyi nhasi."
Tichifunga nezvezvinodiwa pakuchena, huwandu hwemaweld anodiwa, uye ukobvu hwemadziro matete, kushongedza kwemhepo mumhepo isarudzo yakanaka yerudzi urwu rweprojekiti. Pabasa rekugadzirisa mapombi emhepo, Hammer inowanzo sanganisa simbi isingatsvedzeri ye316L.
"Ndipo pazvinova zvishoma. Tiri kutaura nezvekupinza simbi papepa. Nekubatanidza nemaoko, kugadzirisa kudiki kunogona kupwanya weld. Ndosaka tichida kushandisa orbital weld head, kwatinogona kuisa chikamu chimwe nechimwe chechubhu uye kuita kuti chive chakanyatsonaka tisati taisa chikamu mairi. Tinoderedza simba kusvika pahuwandu hwakatarwa kuitira kuti tizive kuti patinoisa chikamu imomo chichava chakanyatsonaka. Nemaoko, shanduko inoitwa nemaziso, uye kana tikadzvanya zvakanyanya, inogona kupinda zvakananga nepazvinhu."
Basa iri rine mazana ezvishandiso zvesimbi zvinofanira kunge zvakafanana. Chishandiso chesimbi chinoshandiswa pabasa iri chinoita kuti chishande mumaminitsi matatu; kana Hammer achiita basa rake nekumhanya kwakanyanya, anogona kusanganisa chubhu imwechete yesimbi isina ngura nemaoko mumaminitsi angangoita imwe chete.
"Zvisinei, muchina wacho hausi kudzikira. Unotanga waumhanyisa nekukurumidza mangwanani, uye pakupera kwezuva, uchiri kumhanya nekukurumidza," akadaro Hammer. "Ndinoumhanyisa nekukurumidza mangwanani, asi pakupedzisira, handizvo zvazviri."
Kudzivirira tsvina kuti isapinde mumachubhu esimbi isingatsvedzeri kwakakosha, ndosaka kusungirirwa kwakachena zvakanyanya muindasitiri yesemiconductor kuchiwanzoitwa muimba yakachena, nzvimbo inodzorwa inodzivirira tsvina kuti isapinde munzvimbo yakasungirirwa.
Hammer anoshandisa tungsten yakarodzwa kare mumarambi ake emaoko sezvaanoshandisa muOrbiter. Kunyange zvazvo argon yakachena ichipa kuchenesa kwekunze nekwemukati mukushongedza nemaoko uye orbital, kushongedza nemidziyo yeorbital kunobatsirawo nekuitwa munzvimbo yakavharirwa. Kana tungsten yabuda, goko rinozadzwa negasi uye rinodzivirira weld kubva mukuoxidation. Pakushandisa torch yemaoko, gasi rinongoputirwa kudivi rimwe chete rechubhu iri kusungirirwa pari zvino.
Maweld eOrbital anowanzo chenesa nekuti gasi rinofukidza chubhu kwenguva yakareba. Kana welding yatanga, argon inodzivirira kusvika welder yava nechokwadi chekuti weld yacho yatonhora zvakakwana.
Axenics inoshanda nevatengi vakawanda vanogadzira masero ehydrogen fuel anogadzira mota dzakasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso, mamwe maforklift akavakirwa kushandiswa mumba anoshandisa masero ehydrogen fuel kudzivirira zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari kuti zvisaparadze masheya anodyiwa. Chinhu chimwe chete chinobva kumasero ehydrogen fuel imvura.
Mumwe wevatengi aive nezvakawanda zvaidiwa nemugadziri wema semiconductor, zvakaita sekuchena kweweld uye kugadzikana. Anoda kushandisa 321 stainless steel pakushongedza madziro matete. Zvisinei, basa racho raive rekugadzira manifold ine mavharuvhu akawanda, rimwe nerimwe richibuda munzira yakasiyana, zvichisiya nzvimbo diki yekushongedza.
Muchina wekuchinjisa wedenga wakakodzera basa iri unodhura mari inosvika $2,000, uye unogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvishoma, nemutengo unofungidzirwa we $250. Hazvina musoro mune zvemari. Zvisinei, Hammer ine mhinduro inosanganisa matekiniki ekuchinjisa wedenga nemaoko uye emuchina wekuchinjisa wedenga.
"Muchiitiko ichi, ndingashandisa tafura inotenderera," anodaro Hammer. "Chaizvoizvo chiito chakafanana nechinhu chinotenderedza madziro, asi uri kutenderedza chubhu, kwete tungsten electrode yakatenderedza chubhu. Ini ndinoshandisa tochi yangu yeruoko, asi ndinogona kubata tochi yangu panzvimbo ne vise Yakaiswa panzvimbo kuitira kuti isakuvadzwe nemaoko kuitira kuti weld isakuvadzwe nekuzunguzwa nemaoko kana kuzunguzwa nevanhu. Izvi zvinobvisa zvakawanda zvezvikanganiso zvevanhu. Hazvina kukwana se orbital welding nekuti haisi munzvimbo yakavharirwa, asi rudzi urwu rwe welding runogona kuitwa munzvimbo yakachena yekamuri kubvisa tsvina."
Kunyange zvazvo tekinoroji yekuwedera ye orbital ichipa kuchena uye kugona kudzokorora, Hammer nevamwe vake vanowedera vanoziva kuti kuvimbika kweweld kwakakosha kudzivirira nguva yekushanda nekuda kwekukundikana kweweld. Kambani inoshandisa bvunzo dzisingaparadze (NDT), uye dzimwe nguva bvunzo dzinoparadza, kune ese anowedera ye orbital.
"Weld yega yega yatinogadzira inosimbiswa nemaziso," anodaro Hammer. "Mushure mezvo, weld dzinoedzwa ne helium spectrometer. Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa kana zvinodiwa nemutengi, mamwe weld anoedzwa ne radiographic. Kuedza kuparadza isarudzo zvakare."
Kuedza kunoparadza kunogona kusanganisira kuyedza simba rekusimba kuti uone simba rekusimba rekusimba rekusimba. Kuti uedze kushushikana kwakanyanya, weld pachinhu chakadai sesimbi isingatsvedzeri ye316L inogona kutsungirira isati yakundikana, bvunzo yacho inotambanudza nekutambanudza simbi kusvika yaparara.
Kuwelds nevatengi vesimba remagetsi dzimwe nguva kunoedzwa ne ultrasonic kwete kuparadza pazvikamu zve hydrogen fuel cells dze three-channel heat exchanger dzinoshandiswa mumichina yesimba remagetsi nemotokari.
"Iyi inyaya yakakosha nekuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvatinotumira zvine magasi ane njodzi anopfuura nepakati pazvo. Zvakakosha kwatiri nevatengi vedu kuti simbi isingasvibi isina chakaipa, isina nzvimbo dzinodonhedza mvura," anodaro Hammer.
Tube & Pipe Journal yakava magazini yekutanga yakatsaurirwa kushandira indasitiri yemapombi esimbi muna 1990. Nhasi uno, ichiri magazini yega muNorth America yakatsaurirwa indasitiri iyi uye yave sosi yeruzivo rwakavimbika kune nyanzvi dzemapombi.
Iye zvino nekuwana zvizere chinyorwa chedhijitari cheThe FABRICATOR, zviri nyore kuwana zviwanikwa zvinokosha zveindasitiri.
Chinyorwa chedhijitari cheThe Tube & Pipe Journal chave kuwanikwa zvizere, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuwana zviwanikwa zvinokosha zveindasitiri.
Nakidzwai nekuwana zvizere chinyorwa chedigital cheSTAMPING Journal, icho chinopa kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, maitiro akanakisa uye nhau dzeindasitiri dzemusika wesimbi.
Iye zvino nekuwana zvizere chinyorwa chedhijitari cheThe Fabricator en Español, zviri nyore kuwana zviwanikwa zvinokosha zveindasitiri.