Ko te hanga paipa, paipa rānei, me arotau i ngā taipitopito 10,000, tae atu ki te tiaki taputapu. I te mea he maha ngā wāhanga nekeneke i roto i ia momo mira me ia taputapu ā-taha, ehara i te mea ngāwari te piri ki te kaupapa tiaki ārai i tūtohutia e te kaihanga. Whakaahua: T & H Lemont Inc.
Tuhipoka a te Etita: Koinei te wāhanga tuatahi o tētahi raupapa wāhanga-rua mō te arotau i ngā mahi a te mira ngongo, paipa rānei. Pānuihia te wāhanga tuarua.
Ahakoa ngā āhuatanga pai rawa atu, he uaua te hanga hua ngongo. He uaua ngā wheketere, me nui te tiaki i ia wā, ā, i runga i tā rātou e whakaputa ana, he kaha te whakataetae. He maha ngā kaihanga paipa whakarewa kei raro i te pēhanga nui kia whakanuia te wā mahi hei whakanui ake i te moni whiwhi, me te iti o te wā utu nui mō te tiaki i ia wā.
Kāore he āhuatanga pai rawa atu mō te umanga i ēnei rā. He utu nui ngā rauemi, ā, ehara i te mea onge te tuku hapa. Ināianei, nui atu i mua, me whakanui ake e ngā kaihanga paipa te wā mahi me te whakaiti i ngā para, ā, ko te whiwhi tuku hapa te tikanga he whakaiti i te wā mahi. Ko te poto o ngā oma he tikanga he maha ake ngā whakawhiti, ehara i te whakamahinga whai hua o te wā, o te mahi rānei.
"He iti rawa te wā whakaputa i tēnei wā," te kī a Mark Prasek, Kaiwhakahaere Hoko Ngongo o Amerika Te Raki i EFD Induction.
I roto i ngā kōrerorero ki ngā tohunga o te umanga mō ngā tohutohu me ngā rautaki hei whakamahi pai i tō whare tipu, i kitea ētahi kaupapa e puta pinepine ana:
Ko te whakahaere i tētahi tipu me te tino whai huatanga ko te arotau i ngā maha o ngā āhuatanga, ko te nuinga o ēnei e taunekeneke ana ki ētahi atu, nō reira ehara i te mea ngāwari te arotau i ngā mahi a te tipu. Ko te Kupu Tapu a te kaituhi o mua o The Tube & Pipe Journal, a Bud Graham, e tuku ana i ētahi tirohanga: "He kaipupuri taputapu te mira ngongo." Mā te maumahara ki tēnei kōrero ka āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā mea kia māmā noa iho. Ko te mārama ki te mahi a ia taputapu, me pēhea te mahi, me pēhea te taunekeneke a ia taputapu ki ētahi atu taputapu he tata ki te hautoru o te pakanga. Ko te pupuri i ngā mea katoa kia mau tonu me te whakarite he tuatoru anō. Ko te hautoru whakamutunga ko ngā kaupapa whakangungu kaiwhakahaere, ngā rautaki rapurongoā, me ngā tikanga whakahaere motuhake mō ia paipa, kaihanga paipa rānei.
Ko te whakaaro matua mō te whakahaere pai i tētahi mira ko te kore e whakawhirinaki ki te mira. Ko te rauemi mata. Ko te whiwhi i te putanga mōrahi mai i te mira ko te whiwhi i te putanga mōrahi mai i ia koiri e whāngaihia ana ki te mira. Ka tīmata mā te whakatau hoko.
te roa o te koiri. I mea atu a Nelson Abbey, te kaiwhakahaere o Fives Bronx Inc. Abbey Products: "Ka tupu pai ngā mira ngongo ina roa rawa ngā koiri. Ko te mahi miihini i ngā koiri poto ake ko te mahi miihini i ngā pito koiri maha atu. Me whai whakarewa papa ia pito koiri. Ka puta he para i ia whakarewa papa.
Ko te uauatanga i konei, ko ngā porowhita roa rawa atu ka taea te hoko atu mō te utu nui. Tērā pea ka wātea ngā porowhita poto ake i ngā utu pai ake. Tērā pea ka hiahia ngā kaihoko ki te penapena moni, engari he rerekē tēnei ki te tirohanga a ngā kaimahi o te papa hanga. E whakaae ana te nuinga o te hunga e whakahaere ana i tētahi wheketere me nui te rerekētanga utu hei whakaea i ngā mate whakaputa e pā ana ki ngā kati wheketere anō.
Ko tētahi atu whakaaro, e ai ki a Abbey, ko te kaha o te decoiler me ētahi atu herenga i te pito tomokanga o te mira. Tērā pea me haumi ki ngā taputapu whakaurunga kaha ake hei whakahaere i ngā koiri nui ake, taumaha ake, kia whai hua ai i ngā painga o te hoko koiri nui ake.
He mea nui anō hoki te tapahi, ahakoa kei roto i te whare, kei waho rānei i te kamupene. Ko ngā tapahi te mea nui rawa atu te taumaha me te whānui ka taea e rātou te whakahaere, nō reira he mea nui te kimi i te taurite pai i waenga i ngā koiri me ngā tapahi hei whakanui ake i te kaha whakaputa.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, he taunekeneke i waenga i ngā āhuatanga e whā: te rahi me te taumaha o te koiri, te whānui e hiahiatia ana o te mīhini tapahi, te kaha o te mīhini tapahi, me te kaha o te taputapu whakauru.
Te whānui me te āhua o te koiri. I runga i te papa o te toa, kāore e kore me kī ko ngā koiri me te ine tika kia tika ai te whānui me te ine tika hei hanga i tētahi hua, engari ka puta ngā hapa i ētahi wā. He maha ngā wā ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere mira te whakatika i ngā whānui rīpene he iti rawa, he nui rawa rānei, engari he take noa iho tēnei o te taumata. He mea nui te aro nui ki te whānui o ngā kohao.
Ko te āhua o te taha o te rīpene te take nui rawa atu. He mea nui te āhua ōrite o te taha, me te kore he pūwero, he rerekētanga rānei, kia mau tonu ai ngā hononga rite tonu i te roanga o te rīpene, e ai ki a Michael Strand, te perehitini o T&H Lemont. Ka whai wāhi anō hoki te takai tuatahi, te tapahi me te whakahoki. Ka piko pea ngā koiri kāore i āta whakahaerea, he raruraru tēnei. Ko te tukanga hanga i whakawhanakehia e ngā kaihangarau mate hurihuri ka tīmata ki te rīpene papatahi kaua ki te rīpene piko.
"Ngā Tuhipoka mō ngā Utauta." "Ka whakanui ake te hoahoa pokepokea pai i te kaha whakaputa," te kī a Stan Green, te kaiwhakahaere matua o SST Forming Roll Inc. E kī ana ia kāore he rautaki kotahi mō te hanga ngongo, nō reira kāore he rautaki kotahi mō te hoahoa pokepokea. He rerekē ngā kaiwhakarato taputapu hurihuri i roto i te huarahi e tukatuka ai i ngā ngongo, nō reira hoki ā rātou hua. He rerekē anō hoki ngā hua.
"Kei te huri tonu te radius o te mata hurihuri, nō reira ka huri te tere hurihuri o te taputapu puta noa i te mata o te taputapu," tana kī. Ko te tikanga, kotahi noa te tere ka haere te ngongo i roto i te mira. Nō reira, ka pā te hoahoa ki te hua. Ka moumou rauemi te hoahoa kino ina hou te taputapu, ā, ka kino haere i te tawhito o te taputapu, tana tāpiri.
Mō ngā kamupene kāore e piri ki te huarahi whakangungu me te tiaki, ko te whakawhanake i tētahi rautaki hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te wheketere ka tīmata i ngā kaupapa matua.
"Ahakoa te momo o te wheketere me ngā hua e hangaia ana, e rua ngā āhuatanga ōrite o ia wheketere—ko ngā kaiwhakahaere me ngā tikanga whakahaere," te kī a Abbey. Ko te whakahaere i tētahi wheketere kia rite tonu te mahi, he mea whakarato whakangungu paerewa me te whai i ngā tikanga tuhituhi, e ai ki tāna. Mā ngā rerekētanga o te whakangungu ka rerekē te whakatakotoranga me te rapurongoā.
Hei whakamahi i te nuinga o te hua o tētahi tipu, mai i tētahi kaiwhakahaere ki tētahi kaiwhakahaere, mai i tētahi nekehanga ki tētahi nekehanga, me whakamahi ia kaiwhakahaere i ngā tikanga whakarite me te rapurongoā ōrite. Ko ngā rerekētanga tukanga he take mārama kore, he whanonga kino, he pokatata, me ngā huarahi hei whakaoti rapanga. He uaua tonu te whakahaere i te tipu i ēnei raruraru. Tērā pea ka puta ake ēnei raruraru i te kāinga, ka puta mai rānei i te wā e utua ana ngā kaiwhakahaere whakangungu mai i ngā kaiwhakataetae, engari kāore he rerekētanga mai i te pūtake. Ko te ōritetanga te mea nui, tae atu ki ngā kaiwhakahaere e mau mai ana i te wheako.
"E hia tau te roa ki te whakangungu i tētahi kaiwhakahaere mira ngongo, ā, kāore e taea te whakawhirinaki ki tētahi mahere kotahi te rahi mō te katoa," te kī a Strand. "Me whai kaupapa whakangungu ia kamupene e ōrite ana ki tana wheketere me āna ake mahi."
"Ko ngā kī e toru mō ngā mahi whai hua ko te tiaki mīhini, te tiaki i ngā taputapu pau, me te whakatikatika," te kī a Dan Ventura, te perehitini o Ventura & Associates. "He maha ngā wāhanga neke o te mīhini - ahakoa ko te mira tonu, ko ngā taputapu tāpiri rānei kei te pito tomo, kei te pito putanga rānei, kei te tēpu patu rānei, kei hea atu rānei - ā, he mea nui te tiaki auau kia mau tonu te āhua o te mīhini."
E whakaae ana a Strand. "Ko te whakamahi i tētahi kaupapa tirotiro tiaki ārai te tīmatanga," tana kī. "Koinei te huarahi pai ki te whakahaere i tētahi wheketere me te whai hua. Mena ka aro noa te kaihanga paipa ki ngā āhuatanga ohorere, kua kore e taea te whakahaere. Kei raro i te mana o te āhuatanga ohorere e whai ake nei."
"Me whakarite ngā taputapu katoa o te mira," te kī a Ventura. "Ki te kore, ka whawhai te wheketere ki a ia anō."
"I roto i te nuinga o ngā wā, ina roa ake te roa o te wā e whai hua ana ngā rōra, ka whakapakeke, ā, ka pakaru," te kī a Ventura.
"Ki te kore ngā rōra e tiakina kia pai te āhua me te tiaki auau, me tiaki wawe tonu," te kī a Ventura. Mēnā ka warewarehia ngā taputapu, ko te whakatika i aua taputapu me tango kia rua, kia toru rānei ngā wā o te nui o ngā rauemi me tango, e ai ki tāna. He roa ake hoki te wā, ā, he nui ake te utu.
Mā te haumi ki ngā taputapu tārua ka āwhina i te ārai i ngā āhuatanga ohorere, e ai ki tā Strand. Mena ka whakamahia pinepinetia te taputapu mō te mahi roa, ka nui ake ngā wāhanga e hiahiatia ana i te taputapu e whakamahia ana i ngā wā poto. Ka pā hoki te mahi a te taputapu ki te taumata rahui. Ka taea e ngā tara te tango i te taputapu tara, ā, ka pāngia ngā rōra whakarewa e te wera o te pouaka whakarewa, arā, ngā take kāore e whakararuraru i te hanga me te rahi o ngā rōra.
"He pai te tiaki auau mō ngā taputapu, ā, he pai te whakarite tika mō ngā hua e hangaia ana," tana kī. Mēnā ka warewarehia ēnei, ka nui haere te wā e pau ana i ngā kaimahi o te wheketere ki te whakamātau ki te whakakapi i aua mea. Ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei wā ki te hanga hua pai, tino hokohoko. He mea nui rawa atu ēnei āhuatanga e rua, ā, he maha ngā wā ka warewarehia, ka warewarehia rānei, nō reira, ki tā Ventura, koinei te huarahi pai ki te whakamahi pai i te tipu, ki te whakanui ake i te hua me te whakaiti i te para.
E whakataurite ana a Ventura i te tiaki i te mira me te tiaki waka. Kāore he tangata e taraiwa ana i te motuka mō ngā mano maero i waenga i te whakawhiti hinu me te kore he potae. Ka arahi tēnei ki ngā otinga utu nui, ki te whakangaromanga rānei, ahakoa mō ngā tipu kāore i te pai te tiaki.
E ai ki tāna, me tirotirohia tonutia te taputapu i muri i ia whakamahinga. Tērā pea ka kitea ngā raruraru pēnei i ngā kapiti angiangi i roto i ngā taputapu tirotiro. Ka kitea tonutia tēnei kino ina tangohia te taputapu mai i te mira, kaua i mua tonu i te tāutanga o te taputapu mō te whakamahinga e whai ake nei, ā, ka roa ake te wā ki te hanga i tētahi taputapu whakakapinga.
"Kei te mahi ētahi kamupene i roto i ngā katinga kua whakaritea," te kī a Green. I mōhio ia he uaua ki te whakatutuki i te katinga kua whakaritea i roto i tēnei āhuatanga, engari i kī ia he tino morearea. Nā te nui rawa o ngā kamupene kaipuke me ngā utanga, nā te iti rawa rānei o ngā kaimahi, nā te mea kāore i te tika ngā tuku i ēnei rā.
"Ki te pakaru tetahi mea i te wheketere, ā, me tono koe i tētahi whakakapinga, me aha koe kia tukuna atu ai?" i pātai ia. Ae, he kōwhiringa tonu te uta rererangi, engari ka taea e ia te whakapiki i te utu o te tuku.
Ko te tiaki i ngā mira hurihuri me ngā roera ehara i te mea ko te whai i tētahi kaupapa tiaki anake, engari ko te whakarite i te kaupapa tiaki me te kaupapa whakaputa.
I ngā wāhanga e toru – te whakahaere, te rapurongoā me te tiaki, he mea nui te whānui me te hōhonutanga o te wheako. I kī a Warren Wheatman, te tumuaki tuarua o te T&H Lemont's Die Business Unit, ko ngā kamupene he kotahi, e rua rānei ā rātou mira hei hanga i ā rātou ake ngongo, he iti ake te hunga e whakatapua ana ki te tiaki i te mira me te mate. Ahakoa he mātau ngā kaimahi tiaki, he iti ake te wheako o ngā tari iti i ngā tari tiaki nui ake, ka waiho ngā kaimahi iti ki te ngoikoretanga. Mena kāore he tari miihini a te kamupene, me mahi e te tari tiaki te rapurongoā me te whakatika i a ia anō.
I tāpiri atu a Strand he mea nui ake te whakangungu mō ngā tari whakahaere me te tiaki i tēnei wā. Ko te ngaru o ngā reti e pā ana ki te kaumātuatanga o ngā pēpi pūmau te tikanga kei te memeha haere te mōhiotanga ā-iwi i ru i ngā kamupene i mua. Ahakoa he maha tonu ngā kaihanga ngongo e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā kōrero me ngā tohutohu a ngā kaiwhakarato taputapu, ahakoa kāore i te nui haere tēnei tohungatanga pērā i mua, ā, kei te mimiti haere.
He rite tonu te hiranga o te tukanga whakarewa ki tētahi atu tukanga e puta ana i te wā e hanga ana i tētahi paipa, ā, kāore e taea te whakanui rawa i te mahi a te mīhini whakarewa.
Te whakarewa hiko. "I ēnei rā, e rua hautoru o ā mātou ota he mea whakahou," te kī a Prasek. "I te nuinga o te wā ka whakakapia e rātou ngā mīhini whakarewa tawhito, raruraru. Ko te kaha whakaputa te mea matua i tēnei wā."
I mea ia he tokomaha i muri i ngā whāinga e waru nā te mea i tomuri te taenga mai o ngā rauemi mata. "I te nuinga o te wā ka puta mai ngā rauemi, ka hinga te kaiwhakarewa," tana kī. He maha ngā kaihanga ngongo e whakamahi ana i ngā mīhini e ahu mai ana i te hangarau ngongo korehau, ko te tikanga kei te whakamahi rātou i ngā mīhini neke atu i te 30 tau te pakeke hei tiaki. Kāore i te nui te mōhiotanga ratonga mō aua mīhini, ā, he uaua ki te kimi i ngā ngongo whakakapinga.
Ko te wero mō ngā kaihanga paipa e whakamahi tonu ana i ēnei paipa ko te āhua o te tawhito. Kāore e tino pakaru, engari ka pōturi te pirau. Ko tētahi otinga ko te whakaiti i te wera whakarewa me te whakahaere i te mira i te tere puhoi hei utu, ka taea ai te karo i te whakapaunga pūtea o te haumi ki tētahi mīhini hou. Ka puta he whakaaro teka kei te pai ngā mea katoa.
Mā te haumi ki tētahi pūtake hiko whakarewa hiko hou ka taea te whakaiti i te whakamahinga hiko o te tipu, e ai ki tā Prasek. Ko ētahi whenua—ina koa ko ngā whenua he nui ngā taupori me ngā whatunga taumaha—e tuku ana i ngā whakahokinga taake nui mō ngā hoko taputapu penapena-pūngao. Ko tētahi atu hihiri mō te haumi ki ngā hua hou ko te pūmanawa mō ngā huarahi whakaputa hou, e ai ki tāna.
"I te nuinga o te wā, he nui ake te whai huatanga o tētahi waeine whakarewa hou i tētahi mea tawhito, ā, ka taea e ia te penapena mano tāra mā te whakarato i te kaha whakarewa nui ake me te kore e whakapai ake i te ratonga hiko," te kī a Prasek.
He mea nui anō hoki te tūnga o te koiri whakapūmau me te ātete. E ai ki a John Holderman, te kaiwhakahaere matua o EHE Consumables, he tino pai te tūranga o te koiri whakapūmau kua tīpakohia, kua tāutahia hoki ki te rōra whakarewa, ā, me pupuri tonu te ātea tika me te ōrite huri noa i te ngongo. Ki te hē te whakatakoto, ka pakaru wawe te koiri.
He māmā noa iho te mahi a te aukati – ka aukati i te rere o te iahiko hiko, ka tukuna ki te taha o te rīpene – ā, pērā i ngā mea katoa o te mira, he mea nui te tūnga, e ai ki tāna. Ko te tūnga tika kei te tihi o te whakarewa, engari ehara i te mea koinei anake te whakaaro. He mea nui te tāutanga. Mena ka herea ki tētahi mandrel kāore i te tino pakari hei tautoko i a ia, ka rerekē pea te tūnga o te aukati, ka tōia te ID i te raro o te ngongo.
Mā te whakamahi i ngā au hou o te hoahoa whakarewa me ngā mea whakapau, ka pā nui te ariā o te koiri wehewehe ki te roa o te mahi a te mira.
"Kua roa ngā mira whānui e whakamahi ana i ngā hoahoa koiri wehewehe," te kī a Haldeman. "Ko te whakakapi i tētahi wahi koiri whakapūmau kotahi me tapahi te paipa, me whakakapi te koiri me te miro anō," tana kī. E rua ngā wāhanga o te hoahoa koiri wehewehe, hei penapena i tō wā me tō kaha katoa.
"Kua whakamahia ēnei i roto i ngā mira hurihuri nui, engari i hiahiatia he hangarau auaha hei whakamahi i tēnei mātāpono ki ngā koiri iti," tana kī. He iti ake te mahi a te kaihanga. "He taputapu motuhake ā ngā koiri iti e rua ngā wahi, ā, he rawhi i hangaia mā te hunga matatau," tana kī.
Mō te tukanga whakamatao o te aukati, e rua ngā kōwhiringa tuku iho a ngā kaihanga paipa: he pūnaha whakamatao pokapū i roto i te wheketere, he pūnaha wai motuhake rānei, he nui te utu.
"He pai ake te whakamatao i te ātete ki te wai whakamatao ma," te kī a Holderman. Nā reira, mā te haumi iti ki tētahi pūnaha tātari kōkō motuhake mō te wai whakamatao mira ka roa ake te ora o te kōkō.
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te wai whakamatao o te mira ki te choke, engari ka kohia e te wai whakamatao o te mira ngā konganuku whakarewa. Ahakoa ngā mahi katoa ki te hopu i ngā konganuku ki roto i te tātari pokapū, ki te hopu rānei i a rātou mā te pūnaha aukume pokapū, ka pahemo ētahi tāngata ka kitea te ara ki te arai. Ehara tēnei i te wāhi tika mō ngā paura whakarewa.
"Ka wera ake rātou i roto i te mara whakapūngao, ka tahuna rātou ki roto i te whare ātete me te ferrite, ka puta te pakaru wawe, kātahi ka kati hei whakakapi i te ātete," te kī a Holderman. "Ka hanga hoki rātou ki runga i ngā koiri whakapūngao, ā, ka mutu ka puta he kino mai i te āwhata ki reira."