Ukuqubuka kwama-muffin e-blueberry kuwukuqubuka okuvamile ezinganeni okubonakala njengamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi, noma amnyama ebusweni nasemzimbeni. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa ye-rubella noma esinye isifo.
“I-Blueberry muffin rash” iwukuqubuka okubangelwa yizingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezine-rubella esibelethweni, okubizwa ngokuthi i-congenital rubella syndrome.
Igama elithi “i-blueberry muffin rash” laqanjwa ngawo-1960. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izingane eziningi zingenwa yi-rubella esibelethweni.
Ezinganeni ezinegciwane le-rubella esibelethweni, lesi sifo sibangela ukuqubuka okuphawulekayo okufana namabala amancane, ansomi, afana nama-blister esikhumbeni. Ukuqubuka kufana nama-muffin e-blueberry ngokubukeka.
Ngaphezu kwe-rubella, ezinye izifo eziningana kanye nezinkinga zempilo nazo zingabangela ukuqubuka kwama-muffin e-blueberry.
Umzali noma umnakekeli kufanele akhulume nodokotela uma ingane iba ne-blueberry muffin rash noma olunye uhlobo lwe-rash.
I-Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) igciwane elidluliselwa enganeni engakazalwa esibelethweni. Lokhu kungenzeka uma owesifazane okhulelwe ethola i-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ukutheleleka nge-rubella kuyingozi kakhulu enganeni engakazalwa ngesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala noma amasonto ayi-12 okukhulelwa.
Uma umuntu ethola i-rubella phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kungabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kokuzalwa ezinganeni zakhe, okuhlanganisa ukubambezeleka kokukhula, isifo senhliziyo sokuzalwa, kanye ne-cataracts. Ngemva kwamasonto angama-20, ingozi yalezi zinkinga yehla.
E-US, ukutheleleka nge-rubella akuvamile. Ukugonywa ngo-2004 kwaqeda lesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, amacala e-rubella angeniswa kwamanye amazwe angase avele ngenxa yokuhamba kwamanye amazwe.
I-Rubella igciwane elibangela ukuqubuka. Ukuqubuka kuvame ukuvela ebusweni kuqala bese kusakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
Ezinganeni ezithola i-rubella esibelethweni, ukuqubuka kungase kubonakale njengamaqhubu amancane aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka afana nama-muffin e-blueberry.
Nakuba leli gama kungenzeka ukuthi laqala ngawo-1960 ukuchaza izimpawu ze-rubella, ezinye izimo nazo zingabangela ukuqubuka kwama-muffin e-blueberry. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
Ngakho-ke, uma ingane iba nokuvuvukala, umzali noma umnakekeli kufanele ayihlole ingane ukuze athole ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona.
Abazali noma abanakekeli kufanele baphinde baxhumane nodokotela wabo uma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha noma uma izimpawu ezikhona ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi kakhulu.
Ezinganeni ezindala nakubantu abadala, ukuqubuka kwe-rubella kungabonakala njengokuqubuka okubomvu, okupinki, noma okumnyama okuqala ebusweni bese kusakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Uma kusolwa ukuthi i-rubella inesifo, umuntu kufanele abonane nodokotela.
Abantu abasanda kubeletha noma abakhulelwe futhi abasola ukuthi bane-rubella kufanele nabo babone udokotela. Bangase batuse ukuthi kuhlolwe isiguli, ingane, noma bobabili i-rubella noma ezinye izimo eziyisisekelo.
Kodwa-ke, abantu abangu-25 kuya ku-50% abane-rubella bangase bangabi nazimpawu zokutheleleka. Ngisho noma bengenazo izimpawu, umuntu angasabalalisa i-rubella.
I-Rubella idluliselwa emoyeni, okusho ukuthi isakazeka kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye ngamaconsi aphuma emoyeni ngokukhwehlela nokuthimula.
Kodwa-ke, abesifazane abakhulelwe bangadlulisela igciwane kubantwana babo abangakazalwa, okubangela i-rubella yokuzalwa. Izingane ezizalwa zine-rubella zibhekwa njengezithelelanayo unyaka owodwa ngemva kokuzalwa.
Uma umuntu ene-rubella, kufanele axhumane nabangani bakhe, umndeni, isikole, kanye nendawo yokusebenza ukuze azise abanye ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi une-rubella.
Uma izingane zithola i-rubella, odokotela bavame ukuncoma inhlanganisela yokuphumula nokuphuza amanzi amaningi. Umgomo wokwelashwa ukuqeda izimpawu.
Ukutheleleka kuvame ukuphela ngokwako zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-5-10. Izingane kufanele zigweme ukuxhumana nezinye izingane izinsuku ezi-7 ngemva kokuvela kokuqhuma.
I-CRS ingabangela ukukhubazeka okungenakwelashwa okungenakwelashwa. Uchwepheshe wezempilo anganikeza iseluleko sokwelapha ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa ezinganeni.
Uma esinye isizathu esiyinhloko sibangela ukuqubuka kwama-muffin e-blueberry engane yakho, udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukwelashwa kuye ngembangela.
E-United States, akunakwenzeka ukuthi umuntu angenwe yi-rubella ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokugoma leli gciwane. Kodwa-ke, umuntu angase angenwe yileli gciwane ngenkathi ehamba kwamanye amazwe uma engagonywanga.
Izimpawu ze-rubella zivame ukuba zincane ezinganeni nakubantu abadala. Ukuqubuka kwe-rubella kufanele kuphele ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-5-10.
Kodwa-ke, i-rubella iyingozi kumntwana osesiswini ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Uma umuntu ethola i-rubella phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ingaholela ekuzalweni okunezinkinga, ekuzalweni komntwana oshonile, noma ekuphuphumeni kwesisu.
Uma izingane ezine-CRS zizalwa zinezinkinga zokuzalwa, abazali noma abanakekeli bangadinga ukwesekwa impilo yonke.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuthola i-rubella, owesifazane kufanele agonywe ngaphambi kokukhulelwa futhi agweme ukuya phesheya ezindaweni lapho i-rubella isekhona khona.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-rubella ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-measles, mumps kanye ne-rubella (MMR). Umuntu kufanele axoxe nodokotela ngemijovo yokugomela.
Uma izingane zihamba phesheya, zingase zithole umuthi wokugomela i-MMR zingakafiki ezinyangeni ezingu-12 ubudala, kodwa kusamele zithole imithamo emibili yomjovo ngesikhathi esijwayelekile lapho zibuya.
Abazali noma abanakekeli kufanele bagcine izingane ezingagonyiwe kude nabantu abangenwe yi-rubella okungenani izinsuku eziyi-7 ngemuva kokuqala kokutheleleka.
Ngemva kokubukeza izimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha, udokotela wakho angase ahlole umzimba. Kwezinye izimo, bangase basebenzise i-blueberry muffin rash ehlukile ukuxilonga i-rubella yokuzalwa ezinganeni.
Uma kungenjalo, bangase bacele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kuhlolwe i-rubella noma ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona zokuqubuka uma kungasolwa ukuthi i-rubella ibangelwa yini.
Ukuqubuka kwe-rubella ezinganeni ezindala nakubantu abadala kungabonakala ngendlela ehlukile. Umuntu kufanele abonane nodokotela uma kuvela ukuqubuka okubomvu, okupinki, noma okumnyama ebusweni okusakazekela emzimbeni. Udokotela angakuhlola ukuqubuka bese ethola ukuthi kukhona yini isifo.
Igama elithi “Blueberry muffin rash” lisetshenziswa okokuqala ngawo-1960 ukuchaza ukuqubuka okubangelwa yi-congenital rubella syndrome. I-CRS yenzeka ezinganeni lapho owesifazane okhulelwe edlulisela i-rubella enganeni yakhe esibelethweni.
Lo muthi wokugoma uqeda i-rubella e-United States, kodwa abantu abangagonyiwe basengaba ne-rubella, ngokuvamile lapho behamba kwamanye amazwe.
E-United States, izingane zithola imithamo emibili yomjovo we-MMR. Uma izingane zingagonyiwe, zingangenwa yi-rubella ngokuxhumana nomuntu one-rubella.
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