URob Koltz noDave Meyer baxoxa ngezici ze-ferritic (magnetic) kanye ne-austenitic (non-magnetic) zezinsimbi ezingagqwali ezihlanganisiwe. I-Getty Images
U: Ngishisela ithangi elenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali engu-316, okungeyona ene-magnetic. Ngiqalile ukushisela amathangi amanzi ngentambo ye-ER316L futhi ngithole ukuthi ama-weld anamandla e-magnetic. Ingabe kukhona engikwenzayo okungalungile?
A: Cishe awunalutho okufanele ukhathazeke ngalo. Kuvamile ukuthi ama-weld enziwe nge-ER316L adonse amandla okudonsa, futhi kuvamile kakhulu ukuthi amashidi namashidi angu-316 agoqwe angadonsi amandla okudonsa.
Ama-alloy ensimbi akhona ngezigaba eziningana ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa kanye nezinga lokuhlanganisa, okusho ukuthi ama-athomu ensimbi ahlelwe ngendlela ehlukile. Izigaba ezimbili ezivame kakhulu yi-austenite kanye ne-ferrite. I-Austenite ayinamandla kagesi kanti i-ferrite inamandla kagesi kagesi.
Ensimbini yekhabhoni evamile, i-austenite iyisigaba esikhona kuphela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, futhi njengoba insimbi iphola, i-austenite iguquka ibe yi-ferrite. Ngakho-ke, emazingeni okushisa egumbi, insimbi yekhabhoni inamandla kazibuthe.
Amazinga amaningana ensimbi engagqwali, okuhlanganisa u-304 no-316, abizwa ngokuthi ama-austenitic stainless steels ngoba isigaba sawo esiyinhloko yi-austenite ekushiseni kwegumbi. Lawa ma-stainless steel ayaqina abe yi-ferrite futhi aguquke abe yi-austenite uma epholile. Amapuleti namashidi ensimbi engagqwali ase-Austenitic abhekana nokusebenza kokupholisa nokugoqa okulawulwayo, okuvame ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke i-ferrite iguqulwe yaba yi-austenite.
Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, kwatholakala ukuthi lapho kushintshwa izinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-austenitic, ukuba khona kwe-ferrite ethile ensimbini yokushintshwa kuvimbela ukuqhekeka okuncane (ukuqhekeka) okungenzeka lapho insimbi yokushintshwa i-austenitic ngokuphelele. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqhekeka okuncane, izinsimbi eziningi zokushintshwa zezinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-austenitic zenzelwe ukuqukatha i-ferrite engu-3% kuya ku-20%, ngakho-ke zidonsela omantshi. Eqinisweni, amageyiji asetshenziselwa ukukala okuqukethwe kwe-ferrite kuma-weld ensimbi engagqwali angalinganisa nezinga lokukhanga okunamandla.
I-316 inezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukunciphisa izakhiwo zikagesi ze-weld kubalulekile khona, kodwa lokhu akudingeki kakhulu emathangini. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ungaqhubeka nokunamathisela ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.
I-WELDER, eyayibizwa ngokuthi i-Practical Welding Today, ibonisa abantu bangempela abenza imikhiqizo esiyisebenzisayo nesisebenza ngayo nsuku zonke. Lo magazini ukhonze umphakathi wokushisela eNyakatho Melika iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20.
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