URob Koltz kunye noDave Meyer baxoxa ngeempawu ze-ferritic (magnetic) kunye ne-austenitic (non-magnetic) zeentsimbi ezitshixiweyo. Imifanekiso kaGetty Images
U: Ndiyitshisela itanki eyenziwe ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-316, engeyomagnethi. Ndiqalile ukutshisela iitanki zamanzi ngentambo ye-ER316L kwaye ndifumanise ukuba ii-welds zimagnethi. Ingaba kukho into endiyenzayo engalunganga?
A: Mhlawumbi akukho nto umele uyixhalabele. Kuqhelekile ukuba ii-welds ezenziwe nge-ER316L zitsale amandla ombane, kwaye kuqhelekile kakhulu ukuba amaphepha kunye namaphepha asongiweyo angama-316 angatsali amandla ombane.
Ii-alloys zentsimbi zikhona kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kubushushu kunye nenqanaba lokudibanisa, oko kuthetha ukuba ii-athomu ezikwisinyithi zicwangciswe ngokwahlukileyo. Iindidi ezimbini eziqhelekileyo yi-austenite kunye ne-ferrite. I-Austenite ayinamandla ombane ngelixa i-ferrite inamandla ombane.
Kwintsimbi yekhabhoni eqhelekileyo, i-austenite linqanaba elikhoyo kuphela xa intsimbi ibanda, kwaye njengoko intsimbi iphola, i-austenite iguquka ibe yi-ferrite. Ke ngoko, kubushushu begumbi, intsimbi yekhabhoni inomtsalane.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, kuquka i-304 kunye ne-316, zibizwa ngokuba ziintsimbi ezingagqwaliyo ze-austenitic kuba isigaba sazo esiphambili yi-austenite kubushushu begumbi. Ezi ntsimbi zingagqwaliyo ziyaqina zibe yi-ferrite kwaye ziguquke zibe yi-austenite xa zipholile. Iipleyiti zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ze-Austenitic kunye namaphepha asebenza ngokupholisa nokuqengqeleka okulawulwayo, okuqinisekisa ukuba yonke i-ferrite iguqulwe yaba yi-austenite.
Phakathi kwinkulungwane yama-20, kwafunyaniswa ukuba xa kudityaniswa iintsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic, ubukho be-ferrite ethile kwisinyithi se-weld buthintela ukuqhekeka okunokwenzeka xa isinyithi se-filler singenasici ngokupheleleyo. Ukuthintela ukuqhekeka okuncinci, uninzi lweentsimbi ze-filler zentsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic zenzelwe ukuba zibe ne-ferrite eyi-3% ukuya kwi-20%, ukuze zitsale iimagnethi. Enyanisweni, iigeyiji ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umxholo we-ferrite kwiintsimbi ze-stainless steel zinokulinganisa nenqanaba lokutsala kwemagnethi.
I-316 inezinye iindlela apho ukunciphisa iimpawu zemagnethi ze-weld kubalulekile, kodwa oku akufuneki rhoqo kwiitanki. Ndiyathemba ukuba ungaqhubeka nokufaka i-solder ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.
I-WELDER, eyayisakuba yi-Practical Welding Today, ibonisa abantu bokwenyani abenza iimveliso esizisebenzisayo nesisebenza nazo yonke imihla. Le magazini ikhonze uluntu oludibanisa iintsimbi eMntla Melika kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-20.
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