Gusana imashini zisudira ku bikoresho bitazwi? Dore inama zimwe na zimwe zagufasha kumenya icyo urimo gusodera. Getty Images
Q: Akazi kanjye gakubiyemo gusudira no gusana imashini n'inyubako. Hafi ya buri gihe sinzigera mbwirwa ubwoko bw'icyuma nshyiramo. Ese mwampa ubuyobozi bw'uburyo namenya ubwoko n'urwego by'icyuma nkoresha?
A: Inama nziza natanga ni ukudashaka kuyivanga niba utazi icyo ari cyo. Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane ku bice by'ingenzi aho gutsindwa bishobora gutera imvune cyangwa urupfu.
Gusudira ku byuma bimwe na bimwe hakoreshejwe uburyo butari bwo bwo gusudira bishobora gutera inenge mu cyuma cy’ibanze, mu cyo gusudira, cyangwa byombi.
Iyo usabwe gusudira ibikoresho utazi, ni gute umenya icyo ari cyo? Ubwa mbere, ugomba kuba ushobora gukoresha isuzuma ry'ibanze kugira ngo ugabanye amahirwe. Reba ubuso bw'ibikoresho urebe uburemere bwabyo. Ibi bigomba kugufasha kugabanya ibikoresho mu byiciro binini nko ibikoresho bya karuboni cyangwa ibyuma bidafite aloyi nyinshi, ibyuma bitanduye cyangwa aloyi za nikeli cyangwa aloyi za aluminiyumu. Gusuzuma agace ugomba gusudiramo bishobora no kuguha ibimenyetso by'ingenzi. Ese hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko igice cyasudiwe mu gihe cyo gukora? Niba ari uko bimeze, iki ni ikimenyetso cyiza cy'uko ibikoresho bishobora gusudira. Ese hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko gusana isudiwe byageragejwe? Niba gukosora solder mbere byarananiranye, icyo ni ikimenyetso kikwereka ko ugomba kumenya neza icyo ukoresha mbere yo kugerageza gukosora bushya.
Niba urimo gutunganya ibikoresho, ushobora guhamagara uwabikoze mbere kugira ngo umubaze ibikoresho byakoreshejwe. Hari ibintu bikunze gukorwa mu bikoresho runaka. Urugero, imigozi ya aluminiyumu ikunze gukorwa hakoreshejwe urwego rwa 6061. Gukora ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho byo gusudira bishobora kugufasha kugabanya amahitamo yawe.
Kubera ko ukora mu iduka rikora imashini, ugomba kuba ushobora kubona amakuru meza ku bikoresho bivuye ku mukanishi. Niba barimo gukora ibikoresho bishya, umuhanga mu by'imashini ashobora kumenya neza icyo ari cyo. Bashobora kuguha amakuru meza ku bikoresho bitewe n'imiterere yabyo. Ugomba kuba ushobora kumenya ubukana bw'icyuma ukurikije umuvuduko w'ibikoresho n'umuvuduko ukoreshwa mu gukora. Uburyo imashini zikora zikorwa nabyo bitanga amakuru y'ingirakamaro. Ugomba kwirinda gusudira ibyuma bitanga imashini nto, kuko ibi bishobora kuba urwego rwo guca ibintu rushobora gushyuha cyane iyo zisutswe.
Gupima ibyuma n'ibyuma bishobora kuguha igitekerezo cy'ingano ya karuboni irimo. Gupima ahantu hakoreshwa imiti bishobora kandi kugaragaza niba hari ibintu byihariye bivangavanze.
Isesengura ry’imiti rizatanga amakuru meza afasha kumenya amanota y’ibikoresho. Kenshi na kenshi, ushobora kohereza utubumbe tw’imashini dukozwe mu bikoresho kugira ngo tubisesengure. Niba nta myanda ihari mu gukora, niba bishoboka, kuramo agace gato k’ibikoresho kugira ngo ubisesengure - gafite santimetero kare imwe. Laboratwari nyinshi zipima zitanga isesengura ry’imiti y’icyuma ku giciro kiri munsi y’amadolari 200 mu bihe byinshi.
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, niba ushaka gusana mu buryo bwizewe kandi burambye, ni ngombwa gukoresha igihe n'amafaranga make kugira ngo umenye neza ibikoresho uzasudira.
WELDER, yahoze ari Practical Welding Today, yerekana abantu nyakuri bakora ibikoresho dukoresha kandi dukorana na bo buri munsi. Iki kinyamakuru kimaze imyaka irenga 20 gikorera umuryango w’abasudira muri Amerika ya Ruguru.
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Ubu dufite uburenganzira bwose bwo kubona igitabo cy’ikoranabuhanga cyitwa The Fabricator en Español, kandi byoroshye kubona ibikoresho by’agaciro by’inganda.