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I roto i ngā taiao wai māori, ka kitea pinepine te waikura tere o ngā maitai waro me te maitai kore waikura. I whakahaerehia he rangahau ruku tāke wai māori 22-marama ki konei mā te whakamahi i ngā momo maitai e iwa. I kitea te waikura tere i roto i ngā maitai waro me te chromium me te rino maka, engari i roto i te maitai kore waikura kāore i kitea he waikura kitea ahakoa i muri i te 22 marama. I whakaatuhia e te tātaritanga o te hapori moroiti i te wā o te waikura whānui, i whakanuia ngā huakita whakahāngai-Fe(II) i te wā tōmua o te waikura, ngā huakita whakaiti-Fe(III), i te wā whanaketanga waikura, me ngā huakita whakaiti-whāwhā, i te wā waikura. I te wā whakamutunga o te waikura hua. Engari, he tino maha ngā huakita Beggiatocaea i roto i te maitai me te 9% Cr i pāngia e te waikura ā-rohe. He rerekē anō hoki ēnei hanganga o ngā hapori moroiti i ērā i roto i ngā tauira wai me te paru raro. Nō reira, i te haere tonu o te waikura, ka pāngia te hapori moroiti e ngā huringa nui, ā, ka hangaia e te pākia pūngao moroiti e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rino he taiao ka taea te whakanui ake i ētahi atu moroiti.
Ka taea e ngā konganuku te pirau me te waikura nā ngā āhuatanga taiao ā-tinana me te matū pērā i te pH, te pāmahana me te kukū katote. Ko ngā āhuatanga waikawa, ngā pāmahana teitei me ngā kukū pūhaumāota ka tino pā ki te waikura o ngā konganuku1,2,3. He maha ngā wā ka pāngia e ngā moroiti i roto i ngā taiao tūturu me ngā taiao hanga te kakahu me te waikura o ngā konganuku, he whanonga e whakaatuhia ana i roto i te waikura moroiti (MIC)4,5,6,7,8. He maha ngā wā ka kitea te MIC i roto i ngā taiao pērā i ngā paipa o roto me ngā tāke rokiroki, i roto i ngā kapiti konganuku, me te oneone, ka puta ohorere mai, ka tere te whanake. Nō reira, he tino uaua te aroturuki me te kite wawe i ngā MIC, nō reira ka mahia te tātari MIC i muri i te waikura. He maha ngā rangahau take MIC kua pūrongohia i kitea pinepine ai ngā huakita whakaiti-whāwhā (SRB) i roto i ngā hua waikura9,10,11,12,13. Heoi, kāore anō kia mārama mēnā ka whai wāhi ngā SRB ki te tīmatanga o te waikura, nā te mea ko tā rātou kitenga i ahu mai i te tātari i muri i te waikura.
I ngā wā tata nei, hei tāpiri atu ki ngā huakita whakahāngai-iodine21, kua pūrongohia ngā momo moroiti whakahāngai-rino, pērā i te SRB14 whakahāngai-rino, ngā methanogens15,16,17, ngā huakita whakaiti-nitā18, ngā huakita whakahāngai-rino19 me ngā acetogens20. I raro i ngā āhuatanga taiwhanga anaerobic, microaerobic rānei, ko te nuinga o rātou ka waikura i te rino kore-valent me te maitai waro. Hei tāpiri, ko ā rātou tikanga waikura e kī ana ko ngā methanogens me ngā SRB waikura-rino ka whakatairanga i te waikura mā te hauhake i ngā irahiko mai i te rino kore-valent mā te whakamahi i ngā hydrogenases o waho o te whare me ngā cytochromes maha-heme, ia22,23. E rua ngā momo MIC: (i) MIC matū (CMIC), he waikura ā-kore e ngā momo i hangaia e te moroiti, me te (ii) MIC hiko (EMIC), he waikura tika nā te whakaiti irahiko o te konganuku24. He mea tino whakamere te EMIC e āwhinahia ana e te whakawhiti irahiko o waho o te whare (EET) nā te mea ka tere ake te waikura o ngā moroiti me ngā āhuatanga EET i ngā moroiti kore-EET. Ahakoa ko te urupare whakawhāiti tere o te CMIC i raro i ngā āhuatanga anaerobic ko te whakaputanga H2 mā te whakaiti i te pūmua (H+), ka puta te EMIC mā te pākia o te EET, he mea motuhake ki te whakaputanga H2. Ko te tikanga o te EET i roto i ngā momo moroiti e pā ana ki te mahi a te wahie pūtau moroiti me te electrobiosynthesis25,26,27,28,29. Nā te mea he rerekē ngā tikanga ahurea mō ēnei moroiti waikura i ērā i roto i te taiao tūturu, kāore i te mārama mēnā kei te whakaatahia e ēnei tukanga waikura moroiti kua kitea te waikura i roto i te mahi. Nō reira, he uaua ki te tirotiro i te tikanga MIC i puta mai i ēnei moroiti waikura i roto i te taiao tūturu.
Nā te whanaketanga o te hangarau raupapatanga DNA kua āwhina i te ako i ngā taipitopito o ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā taiao tūturu me ngā taiao horihori, hei tauira, kua whakamahia te whakatauira moroiti i runga i te raupapatanga ira 16S rRNA mā te whakamahi i ngā raupapatanga whakatupuranga hou i roto i te mara o te rauropi moroiti30,31.,32. He maha ngā rangahau MIC kua whakaputaina kua taipitopito i ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā taiao oneone me te moana13,33,34,35,36. Haunga te SRB, kua pūrongohia hoki te whakanui ake i te Fe(II)-oxidizing (FeOB) me te huakita nitrifying i roto i ngā tauira waikura, hei tauira ko te FeOB, pērā i te Gallionella spp. me te Dechloromonas spp., me ngā huakita nitrifying, pērā i te Nitrospira, i roto i ngā maitai waro me te parahi i roto i ngā papa oneone33. Waihoki, i roto i te taiao moana, kua kitea te tere o te noho o ngā huakita rino-oxidizing nō ngā akomanga Zetaproteobacteria me te Betaproteobacteria mō ētahi wiki i runga i te maitai waro 36. E whakaatu ana ēnei raraunga i te takoha a ēnei moroiti ki te waikura. Heoi, i roto i ngā rangahau maha, he iti noa te roa me ngā rōpū whakamātautau, ā, he iti noa iho ngā mōhiotanga mō ngā whanaketanga o ngā hapori moroiti i te wā o te waikura.
I konei, ka tirotirohia e mātou ngā MIC o te maitai waro, te maitai chromium, te maitai kore waikura, me te rino maka mā te whakamahi i ngā rangahau rumaki i roto i te taiao wai māori ā-hauora me te hītori o ngā huihuinga MIC. I tangohia ngā tauira i te 1, 3, 6, 14 me te 22 marama, ā, i rangahauhia te tere waikura o ia konganuku me te wāhanga moroiti. Mā ā mātou hua ka kitea te whanaketanga roa o ngā hapori moroiti i te wā waikura.
E ai ki te Ripanga 1, e iwa ngā konganuku i whakamahia i roto i tēnei rangahau. Tekau ngā tauira o ia rauemi i rumakina ki roto i tētahi puna wai māori. Ko te kounga o te wai tukatuka penei: 30 ppm Cl-, 20 mS m-1, 20 ppm Ca2+, 20 ppm SiO2, pōuriuri 1 ppm me te pH 7.4. Ko te kukū o te hāora rewa (DO) i te raro o te arawhata tauira he tata ki te 8.2 ppm, ā, ko te pāmahana o te wai i waenga i te 9 ki te 23°C i ia wā.
E ai ki te Pikitia 1, i muri i te kotahi marama o te rumaki ki roto i te ASTM A283, ASTM A109 Āhua #4/5, ASTM A179, me te ASTM A395 taiao rino maka, i kitea ngā hua waikura parauri i runga i te mata maitai waro i roto i te ahua o te waikura whānui. I piki ake te ngaronga taumaha o ēnei tauira i te roanga o te wā (Ripanga Tāpiri 1) ā, ko te tere waikura he 0.13–0.16 mm ia tau (Pikitia 2). Waihoki, kua kitea te waikura whānui i roto i ngā maitai he iti te ihirangi Cr (1% me te 2.25%) me te tere waikura tata ki te 0.13 mm/tau (Pikitia 1 me te 2). He rerekē, ko te maitai he 9% Cr e whakaatu ana i te waikura ā-rohe e puta ana i roto i ngā āputa i hangaia e ngā gaskets. Ko te tere waikura o tēnei tauira tata ki te 0.02 mm/tau, he iti iho i tērā o te maitai he waikura whānui. He rerekē, kāore he waikura e kitea ana i roto i ngā maitai kore waikura momo-304 me te -316, ā, e matapaetia ana ko te tere waikura he <0.001 mm y−1. He rerekē, kāore he waikura e kitea ana i roto i ngā maitai kore waikura momo-304 me te -316, me te whakatau tata i te tere whakaterenga o <0.001 mm y−1. Напротив, нержавеющие стали типов 304 и 316 не проявляют видимой коррозии, при этом расчетная скорозить корость корость коррозии мм/год. He rerekē, kāore he waikura e kitea ana i roto i ngā maitai kowiri tira Momo 304 me te 316, me te whakatau tata ko te tere waikura he <0.001 mm/tau.相比之下，304 和-316 型不锈钢没有显示出可见的腐蚀，估计腐蚀速率<0.001 mm y−1。相比之下，304 和-316 型不锈钢没有显示出可见的腐蚀，估计腐蚀速率<0.001 mm y−1。 Напротив, нержавеющие стали типа 304 и -316 не показали видимой коррозии с расчетной скоростью коррозии коррозии <0,000 He rerekē, kāore i kitea te waikura o ngā maitai kowiri tira momo 304 me te -316, ā, ko te tere waikura hoahoa <0.001 mm/tau.
Kei te whakaatuhia ngā whakaahua makoropiko o ia tauira (teitei 50 mm×whānui 20 mm) i mua atu, ā, i muri i te tango i te tauine. 1 mita, 1 marama; 3 mita, 3 marama; 6 mita, 6 marama; 14 mita, 14 marama; 22 mita, 22 marama; S, ASTM A283; SP, ASTM A109, āhua 4/5; FC, ASTM A395; B, ASTM A179; 1C, maitai 1% Cr; 3C maitai, 2.25% Cr maitai; maitai 9C, maitai 9% Cr; S6, maitai kowiri tira 316; S8, momo maitai kowiri tira 304.
I tatauhia te tere o te waikura mā te whakamahi i te whakahekenga taumaha me te wā rumaki. S, ASTM A283, SP, ASTM A109, whakapakeketia 4/5, FC, ASTM A395, B, ASTM A179, 1C, maitai 1% Cr, 3 C, maitai 2.25% Cr, 9 C, maitai 9% Cr, S6, momo maitai kowiri tira 316; S8, momo maitai kowiri tira 304.
Kei te pikitia 1 anō hoki ka whanake haere ngā hua waikura o te maitai waro, te maitai iti-Cr me te rino maka i muri i te rumakina mō te 3 marama. Ka heke haere te tere waikura whānui ki te 0.07 ~ 0.08 mm/tau i muri i te 22 marama (Pikitia 2). Hei tāpiri, he iti ake te tere waikura o te maitai 2.25% Cr i ētahi atu tauira waikura, e tohu ana ka taea e te Cr te aukati i te waikura. Haunga te waikura whānui, e ai ki te ASTM A179, i kitea te waikura ā-rohe i muri i te 22 marama me te hohonutanga waikura tata ki te 700 µm (Pikitia 3). Ko te tere waikura ā-rohe, i tatauhia mā te whakamahi i te hohonutanga waikura me te wā rumakina, he 0.38 mm/tau, tata ki te 5 ngā wā tere atu i te waikura whānui. Ka taea te whakaiti i te tere waikura o te koranu ASTM A395 nā te mea kāore ngā hua waikura e tango katoa i te unahi i muri i te 14, 22 marama rānei o te rumakina ki te wai. Heoi, me iti noa te rerekētanga. Hei tāpiri, he maha ngā poka iti i kitea i roto i te maitai iti-chromium waikura.
Ko te ahua katoa (pae tauine: 10 mm) me te waikura ā-rohe (pae tauine: 500 µm) o te maitai ASTM A179 me te 9% Cr i te hohonutanga mōrahi mā te whakamahi i te karuārai tiro 3D. Ko ngā porowhita whero i te ahua katoa e tohu ana i te waikura ā-rohe i inehia. Kei te whakaatuhia te tirohanga katoa o te maitai 9% Cr mai i te taha whakamuri i te Pikitia 1.
E ai ki te pikitia 2, mō te maitai me te 9% Cr, kāore i kitea he waikura i roto i ngā marama 3-14, ā, tata kore noa iho te tere waikura. Heoi, i kitea te waikura ā-rohe i muri i ngā marama 22 (Pikitia 3) me te tere waikura o te 0.04 mm/tau i tatauhia mā te whakamahi i te whakahekenga taumaha. Ko te hohonutanga waikura ā-rohe mōrahi ko te 1260 µm, ā, ko te tere waikura ā-rohe i whakatau tatahia mā te whakamahi i te hohonutanga waikura me te wā rumaki (22 marama) ko te 0.68 mm/tau. Nā te mea kāore i te mōhiotia te wāhi tika ka tīmata te waikura, tera pea ka teitei ake te tere waikura.
He rerekē, kāore i kitea he waikura kitea i runga i te maitai kore waikura ahakoa i muri i te 22 marama o te rumakina. Ahakoa i kitea ētahi matūriki parauri i runga i te mata i mua i te tango i te unahi (Pikitia 1), he ngoikore te piri, ehara i te hua waikura. Nā te mea ka puta anō te konganuku ki runga i te mata o te maitai kore waikura i muri i te tango i te unahi, tata kore te tere waikura.
Kua whakahaerehia te raupapatanga amplicon hei mārama ki ngā rerekētanga me ngā whanaketanga o ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā hua waikura me ngā kiriata koiora i runga i ngā mata whakarewa, i roto i te wai me ngā paru. E 4,160,012 ngā pānui i tae mai, me te whānuitanga o ngā pānui mai i te 31,328 ki te 124,183.
Ko ngā tātaitai Shannon o ngā tauira wai i tangohia mai i ngā puna wai me ngā roto i ahu mai i te 5.47 ki te 7.45 (Pikitia 4a). Nā te mea ka whakamahia te wai awa kua whakahokia mai hei wai ahumahi, ka taea e te hapori moroiti te huri i ia wā. He rerekē, ko te tātaitai Shannon o ngā tauira paru raro he tata ki te 9, he nui ake i tērā o ngā tauira wai. Waihoki, he iti ake ngā tātaitai Chao1 i tatauhia i ngā tauira wai, ā, he iti ake ngā waeine whakarōpū mahi (OTU) i kitea i ngā tauira paru (Pikitia 4b, c). He tino hira ēnei rerekētanga i runga i te tatauranga (whakamātautau Tukey-Kramer; ngā uara-p < 0.01, Pikitia 4d), e tohu ana he uaua ake ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā tauira paru i ērā i roto i ngā tauira wai. He rerekētanga nui ēnei i runga i te tatauranga (whakamātautau Tukey-Kramer; ngā uara-p < 0.01, Pikitia 4d), e tohu ana he uaua ake ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā tauira paru i ērā i roto i ngā tauira wai. Эти различия статистически значимы (критерий Тьюки-Крамера; значения p <0,01, рис. 4d), что указывает на то, чобто мискро образцах донных отложений более сложны, чем в образцах воды. He tino hira ēnei rerekētanga i runga i te tatauranga (whakamātautau Tukey-Kramer; ngā uara p <0.01, Pikitia 4d), e tohu ana he uaua ake ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā tauira paru i ngā tauira wai.这些差异具有统计学意义（Tukey-Kramer 检验；p 值< 0.01，图4d），表明沉积物样本中的微生物群落比水样中的微生物群落更复杂。这些 差异 具有 统计学 （tukey-kramer 检验 ； p 值 <0.01 ， 图 4d） 表明 沉积物明 沉积物样 的羮中中 的 群落更 . . . . . . . Эти различия были статистически значимыми (критерий Тьюки-Крамера; p-значение <0,01, рис. 4d), что позволяет пимид, полет сообщества в образцах донных отложений были более сложными, чем в образцах воды. He tino hira ēnei rerekētanga i roto i ngā tatauranga (whakamātautau Tukey-Kramer; uara-p <0.01, Pikitia 4d), e whakaatu ana he uaua ake ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā tauira paru i ngā tauira wai.I te mea kei te whakahoutia tonutia te wai i roto i te puna waipuke, ā, ka tau ngā paru ki raro i te puna me te kore e raruraru ā-pūkaha, me whakaata tēnei rerekētanga o te kanorau moroiti i te pūnaha rauropi i roto i te puna.
a Taupū Shannon, b Te waeine whakarōpū mahi i kitea (OTU), me c Taupū tango Chao1 (n=6) me te peihana (n=5) Wai, paru (n=3), ASTM A283 (S: n=5), ASTM A109 Temper #4/5 (SP: n=5), ASTM A179 (B: n=5), ASTM A395 (FC: n=5), 1% (1 C: n=5), 2.25% (3 C: n = 5) me te 9% (9 C: n = 5) Ngā maitai Cr, me ngā maitai kowiri tira momo 316 (S6: n = 5) me te -304 (S8: n = 5) e whakaaturia ana hei tūtohi āhua pouaka me te tūtohi ūpoko. Ko ngā uara-p mō ngā taupū Shannon me Chao1 i whiwhi mā te whakamahi i ngā whakamātautau whakatairite maha ANOVA me Tukey-Kramer. Ko ngā papamuri whero e tohu ana i ngā takirua me ngā uara-p < 0.05. Ko ngā papamuri whero e tohu ana i ngā takirua me ngā uara-p < 0.05. Красные фоны представляют пары со значениями p <0,05. Ko ngā papamuri whero e tohu ana i ngā takirua me ngā uara-p < 0.05.红色背景代表p 值< 0.05 的对。红色背景代表p 值< 0.05 的对。 Красные фоны представляют пары с p-значениями <0,05. Ko ngā papamuri whero e tohu ana i ngā takirua me ngā uara-p <0.05.Ko te rārangi i waenganui o te pouaka, te tihi me te raro o te pouaka, me ngā pāhau e tohu ana i te tau waenga, te 25 me te 75 ōrau, me ngā uara iti rawa me te mōrahi.
He rite tonu ngā tātaitai Shannon mō te maitai waro, te maitai iti-chromium, me te rino maka ki ērā mō ngā tauira wai (Pikitia 4a). He rerekē, he nui ake ngā taupū Shannon o ngā tauira kowiri tira i ērā o ngā maitai kua waikura (ngā uara-p < 0.05, Pikitia 4d) ā, he rite ki ērā o ngā paru. He rerekē, he nui ake ngā tohu Shannon o ngā tauira kowiri tira i ērā o ngā maitai kua waikura (ngā uara-p < 0.05, Pikitia 4d) ā, he rite ki ērā o ngā paru. Напротив, индексы Шеннона образцов из нержавеющей стали значительно выше, чем у корродированных сталей5, <0. и аналогичны индексам отложений. He rerekē, he nui ake ngā tohu Shannon o ngā tauira maitai kore waikura i ērā o ngā maitai kua waikura (ngā uara-p < 0.05, Pikitia 4d) ā, he rite ki ngā tohu putunga.相比之下，不锈钢样品的香农指数明显高于腐蚀钢的香农指数（p 值< 0.05，图4d），与沉积物相似。E Напротив, индекс Шеннона образцов из нержавеющей стали был значительно выше, чем у корродиродированной стали был значительно выше, чем у корродированной стали, 4 стали (. как и у отложений. He rerekē, ko te taupū Shannon o ngā tauira maitai kore waikura he teitei ake i tērā o te maitai kua waikura (uara p < 0.05, Pikitia 4d), me te putunga anō hoki.He rerekē, ko te taupū Shannon mō ngā maitai me te 9% Cr i ahu mai i te 6.95 ki te 9.65. He nui ake ēnei uara i roto i ngā tauira kāore i waikura i te 1 me te 3 marama i ngā tauira kua waikura i te 6, 14 me te 22 marama (Pikitia 4a). Hei tāpiritanga, he teitei ake ngā tohu Chao1 me ngā OTU i kitea o ngā maitai 9% Cr i ērā o ngā tauira kua waikura me ngā tauira wai, ā, he iti iho i ērā o ngā tauira kāore i waikura me ngā tauira paru (Pikitia 4b, c), ā, he tino hiranga ngā rerekētanga i runga i te tatauranga (ngā uara-p < 0.01, Pikitia 4d). Hei tāpiritanga, he teitei ake ngā tohu Chao1 me ngā OTU i kitea o ngā maitai 9% Cr i ērā o ngā tauira kua waikura me ngā tauira wai, ā, he iti iho i ērā o ngā tauira kāore i waikura me ngā tauira paru (Pikitia 4b, c), ā, he tino hiranga ngā rerekētanga i roto i te tatauranga (ngā uara-p < 0.01, Pikitia 4d).Hei tāpiritanga, ko te Chao1 me te OTU i kitea o ngā maitai me te 9% Cr he teitei ake i ērā o ngā tauira waikura me ngā tauira wai, ā, he iti iho i ērā o ngā tauira kore-waikura me ngā tauira parataiao (Pikitia 4b, c), ā, he tino hira ngā rerekētanga i runga i te tatauranga.(p-значения <0,01, рис. 4d). (ngā uara-p <0.01, Pikitia 4d).此外，9% Cr 钢的Chao1 指数和观察到的OTU高于腐蚀样品和水样，低于未腐蚀样品和沉积物样品（图4b，c），差异具有一兄有石0.01; 4d).此外 ， 9% CR 钢 Chao1 指数 和 观察 的 的 rtu 高于 腐蚀 样品 水样 ， 低于 腐蚀 撷品 样品图 4b ， c） 差异 统计学 意义 （p 值 <0.01 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， 。 Кроме того, индекс Chao1 и наблюдаемые OTU стали с содержанием 9 % Cr были выше, чем у корродированных и во,бижныци чем у некорродированных и осадочных образцов (рис. 4b,c), а разница была статистически значимой (p- значение, < 0,014г ). Hei tāpiritanga, ko te taupū Chao1 me te OTU i kitea o te maitai 9% Cr he teitei ake i ērā o ngā tauira waikura me ngā tauira wai, ā, he iti iho i ērā o ngā tauira kāore i waikura me ngā tauira parataiao (Pikitia 4b,c), ā, he tino hiranga te rerekētanga i roto i te tatauranga (uara-p < 0.01, Pikitia 4d).E whakaatu ana ēnei hua he iti iho te kanorau o ngā moroiti i roto i ngā hua waikura i ērā i roto i ngā kiriata koiora i runga i ngā konganuku kāore i waikura.
Kei te pikitia 5a te kauwhata Tātari Taurite Matua (PCoA) i runga i te tawhiti kore taumaha UniFrac mō ngā tauira katoa, me ngā rōpū matua e toru i kitea. He rerekē rawa ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā tauira wai i ētahi atu hapori. I roto hoki i ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā paru ko ngā hapori maitai kore waikura, engari i horapa whānuitia i roto i ngā tauira waikura. He rerekē, kua wehea te mahere o te maitai me te 9% Cr ki ngā rōpū kore-waikura me ngā rōpū waikura. Nō reira, he rerekē rawa ngā hapori moroiti i runga i ngā mata whakarewa me ngā hua waikura i ērā i roto i te wai.
Kauwhata tātaritanga taunga matua (PCoA) i runga i ngā tawhiti UniFrac kore taumaha i roto i ngā tauira katoa (a), te wai (b), me ngā konganuku (c). E whakaatu ana ngā porowhita i ia tautau. E tohuhia ana ngā ara e ngā rārangi e hono ana i ngā wā tauira i roto i te raupapa. 1 mita, 1 marama; 3 mita, 3 marama; 6 mita, 6 marama; 14 mita, 14 marama; 22 mita, 22 marama; S, ASTM A283; SP, ASTM A109, āhua 4/5; FC, ASTM A395; B, ASTM A179; 1C, maitai 1% Cr; 3C maitai, 2.25% Cr maitai; maitai 9C, maitai 9% Cr; S6, maitai kowiri tira 316; S8, momo maitai kowiri tira 304.
I te whakaritenga o ngā kauwhata PCoA o ngā tauira wai i roto i te raupapatanga porowhita (Pikitia 5b). Tērā pea ka whakaatahia e tēnei huringa ngā huringa o te wā.
Hei tāpiritanga, e rua noa ngā tautau (kua waikura me te kore-waikura) i kitea i runga i ngā kauwhata PCoA o ngā tauira whakarewa, i reira (haunga te maitai chromium 9%) i kitea ai te nekehanga o te hapori moroiti mai i te 1 ki te 22 marama (Pikitia 5c). Hei tāpiritanga, nā te mea he nui ake ngā whakawhiti i roto i ngā tauira waikura i ngā tauira kāore i waikura, i kitea he hononga i waenga i ngā huringa o ngā hapori moroiti me te haere whakamua o te waikura. I roto i ngā tauira maitai me te 9% Cr, e rua ngā momo hapori moroiti i kitea: ngā pūwāhi i te 1 me te 6 marama, kei te taha o te maitai kore waikura, me ētahi atu (3, 14, me te 22 marama), kei ngā pūwāhi e tata ana ki te maitai waikura. 1 marama me ngā tīkitipati i whakamahia mō te tango DNA i te 6 marama kāore i waikura, ko ngā tīkitipati i te 3, 14 me te 22 marama i waikura (Pikitia Tāpiri 1). Nō reira, he rerekē ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā tauira waikura i ērā i roto i te wai, te paru, me ngā tauira kāore i waikura, ā, i rerekē i te haere whakamua o te waikura.
Ko ngā momo matua o ngā hapori moroiti i kitea i roto i ngā tauira wai ko Proteobacteria (30.1–73.5%), Bacteroidetes (6.3–48.6%), Planctomycetota (0.4–19.6%) me Actinobacteria (0 –17.7%), he rerekē te nui o rātou i ia tauira ki ia tauira (Pikitia 6), hei tauira, he nui ake te nui o Bacteroidetes i roto i te wai puna i te wai waipū. Ka pāngia tēnei rerekētanga e te wā noho o te wai i roto i te tāke pupū. I kitea anō hoki ēnei momo i roto i ngā tauira onepū raro, engari he rerekē rawa te nui o rātou i tērā i roto i ngā tauira wai. Hei tāpiri, he nui ake te nui o Acidobacteriota (8.7–13.0%), Chloroflexi (8.1–10.2%), Nitrospirota (4.2–4.4%) me Desulfobacterota (1.5–4.4%) %) i ngā tauira wai. I te mea he SRB37 te nuinga o ngā momo Desulfobacterota, me noho anaerobic te taiao i roto i te paru. Ahakoa he pānga pea tō Desulfobacterota ki te waikura, he iti rawa te mōrearea nā te mea he <0.04% te nui o te waikura i roto i te puna kaukau. Ahakoa he pānga pea tō Desulfobacterota ki te waikura, he iti rawa te mōrearea nā te mea he <0.04% te nui o te waikura i roto i te puna kaukau. Хотя Desulfobacterota, возможно, влияют на коррозию, риск должен быть чрезвычайно низким, поскольку их относилените воде бассейна составляет <0,04%. Ahakoa he pānga pea tō Desulfobacterota ki te waikura, me tino iti te mōrearea nā te mea he <0.04% tōna nui i roto i te wai puna kaukau.尽管脱硫杆菌门可能影响腐蚀，但风险应该极低，因为它们在池水中的相对中的相对中。 <0.04%. Хотя тип Desulfobacillus может влиять на коррозию, риск должен быть крайне низким, поскольку их относительной содерски составляет <0,04%. Ahakoa ka taea e te momo Desulfobacillus te whakaawe i te waikura, me tino iti te mōrearea nā te mea he <0.04% tōna nui i roto i te wai puna kaukau.
Ko te RW me te Hau e tohu ana i ngā tauira wai mai i te puna wai me te puna wai. Ko te Parataiao-C, -E, -W he tauira parataiao i tangohia mai i waenganui o te raro o te puna wai, tae atu ki ngā taha rawhiti me te taha hauauru. 1 mita, 1 marama; 3 mita, 3 marama; 6 mita, 6 marama; 14 mita, 14 marama; 22 mita, 22 marama; S, ASTM A283; SP, ASTM A109, āhua 4/5; FC, ASTM A395; B, ASTM A179; 1C, maitai 1% Cr; 3C maitai, 2.25% Cr maitai; maitai 9C, maitai 9% Cr; S6, maitai kore waikura 316; S8, momo maitai kore waikura 304.
I te taumata o te puninga, he nui ake te ōwehenga (6–19%) o ngā huakita kāore i whakarōpūtia nō te whānau Trichomonadaceae, tae atu ki a Neosphingosine, Pseudomonas, me Flavobacterium, i kitea i ngā wā katoa. Hei wāhanga matua iti, he rerekē ō rātou ōwehenga (Pikitia 1). . 7a me te b). I roto i ngā manga iti, he nui ake te nui o Flavobacterium, Pseudovibrio, me Rhodoferrobacter i te takurua anake. Waihoki, he nui ake te ihirangi o Pseudovibrio me Flavobacterium i kitea i roto i te wai takurua o te puna. Nō reira, he rerekē ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā tauira wai i runga i te wā, engari kāore i tino rerekē i te wā o te rangahau.
a Wai whakauru, b Wai puna kaukau, c ASTM A283, d pāmahana ASTM A109 #4/5, e ASTM A179, f ASTM A395, g 1% Cr, h 2.25% Cr, me i 9% Cr maitai, j Momo-316 me te maitai kore waikura K-304.
Ko ngā proteobacteria ngā wāhanga matua o ngā tauira katoa, engari i heke te nui o ngā proteobacteria i roto i ngā tauira kua waikura i te haere tonu o te waikura (Pikitia 6). I roto i ngā tauira ASTM A179, ASTM A109 Temp No. 4/5, ASTM A179, ASTM A395 me te 1% me te 2.25% Cr, i heke te nui o ngā proteobacteria mai i te 89.1%, 85.9%, 89.6%, 79.5%, 84.8%. , ko te 83.8% he 43.3%, 52.2%, 50.0%, 41.9%, 33.8% me te 31.3% ia. He rerekē, ka piki haere te nui o te Desulfobacterota mai i te <0.1% ki te 12.5–45.9% i te haere tonu o te waikura. He rerekē, ka piki haere te nui o te Desulfobacterota mai i te <0.1% ki te 12.5–45.9% i te haere tonu o te waikura. Напротив, относительное содержание Desulfobacterota постепенно увеличивается с <0,1% ki te 12,5–45,9% по мере развроизиик. He rerekē, ka piki haere te nui o te Desulfobacterota mai i te <0.1% ki te 12.5–45.9% i te haere tonu o te waikura.相反，随着腐蚀的进展，脱硫杆菌的相对丰度从<0.1% 逐渐增加到12.5-45.9%.相反，随着腐蚀的进展，脱硫杆菌的相对丰度从<0.1% Напротив, относительная численность Desulfobacillus постепенно увеличивалась с <0,1% ki te 12,5–45,9% по мере развизтия корроро. I te rerekētanga, i piki haere te nui o Desulfobacillus mai i <0.1% ki te 12.5–45.9% i te haere tonu o te waikura.Nō reira, i te haere haere o te waikura, ka whakakapia a Proteobactereira e Desulfobacterota.
He rerekē, ko ngā kiriata koiora i runga i te maitai kore waikura kāore i waikura he rite tonu te ōwehenga o ngā huakita rerekē. Ko Proteobacteria (29.4–34.1%), ko Planctomycetota (11.7–18.8%), ko Nitrospirota (2.9–20.9%), ko Acidobacteriota (8.6–18.8%), ko Bacteroidota (3.1–9.2%) me Chloroflexi (2.1–8.8%). I kitea ko te ōwehenga o Nitrospirota i roto i ngā tauira maitai kore waikura i piki haere (Pikitia 6). He rite ēnei ōwehenga ki ērā i roto i ngā tauira paru, e rite ana ki te kauwhata PCoA e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 5a.
I roto i ngā tauira maitai kei roto ko te 9% Cr, e rua ngā momo hapori moroiti i kitea: ko ngā hapori moroiti 1-marama me te 6-marama he rite ki ērā i roto i ngā tauira paru raro, i te mea kua piki ake te ōwehenga o ngā proteobacteria i roto i ngā tauira waikura 3, 14, me te 22. marama Hei tāpiri, ko ēnei hapori moroiti e rua i roto i ngā tauira maitai 9% Cr i rite ki ngā tautau wehewehe i roto i te kauwhata PCoA e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 5c.
I te taumata puninga, i kitea ngā OTU neke atu i te 2000 kei roto ngā huakita me ngā archaea kāore anō kia tohua. I te taumata puninga, i kitea ngā OTU neke atu i te 2000 kei roto ngā huakita me ngā archaea kāore anō kia tohua.I te taumata puninga, neke atu i te 2000 ngā OTU kua kitea kei roto ngā huakita me ngā archaea kāore i te mōhiotia.I te taumata ira, neke atu i te 2000 ngā OTU kua kitea kei roto ngā huakita me ngā archaea kāore i tohua. I roto i ēnei, i arotahi mātou ki te 10 ngā OTU me te taupori teitei i ia tauira. Kei roto i tēnei ko te 58.7-70.9%, 48.7-63.3%, 50.2-70.7%, 50.8-71.5%, 47.2-62.7%, 38.4 -64.7%, 12.8-49.7%, 17.5-46.8% me te 21.8-45.1% i roto i te ASTM A179. , ASTM A109 Nama Mahana 4/5, ASTM A179, ASTM A395, 1%, 2.25% me te 9% ngā maitai Cr me ngā maitai kowiri tira Momo 316 me te -304.
Kua kitea he nui te ihirangi o ngā monolith tango-hauora me ngā āhuatanga whakapūngao Fe(II) i roto i ngā tauira waikura pērā i te ASTM A179, ASTM A109 Temp No. 4/5, ASTM A179, ASTM A395 me ngā maitai me te 1% me te 2.25% Cr. i te wāhanga tōmua o te waikura (1 marama me te 3 marama, Pikitia 7c-h). I heke te ōwehenga o ngā Dechloromonas i roto i te wā, e rite ana ki te hekenga o ngā Proteobacteria (Pikitia 6). Hei tāpiritanga, ko ngā ōwehenga o Dechloromonas i roto i ngā kiriata koiora i runga i ngā tauira kāore i waikura he <1%. Hei tāpiritanga, ko ngā ōwehenga o Dechloromonas i roto i ngā kiriata koiora i runga i ngā tauira kāore i waikura he <1%. Кроме того, доля Dechloromonas в биопленках на некорродированных образцах составляет <1%. Hei tāpiritanga, ko te ōwehenga o ngā Dechloromonas i roto i ngā kiriata koiora i runga i ngā tauira kāore i waikura he <1%.此外，未腐蚀样品的生物膜中脱氯单胞菌的比例<1%.此外，未腐蚀样品的生物膜中脱氯单胞菌的比例 < 1% Кроме того, доля Dechloromonas в биопленке некорродированных образцов была <1%. Hei tāpiritanga, ko te ōwehenga o Dechloromonas i roto i te kiriata koiora o ngā tauira kāore i waikura he <1%.Nō reira, i roto i ngā hua waikura, ka nui ake te whai kiko o te Dechloromonas i te wā tōmua o te waikura.
He rerekē, i roto i te ASTM A179, ASTM A109 i whakamaroketia #4/5, ASTM A179, ASTM A395 me ngā maitai me te 1% me te 2.25% Cr, i piki ake te ōwehenga o ngā momo SRB Desulfovibrio i muri i te 14 me te 22 marama (Pikitia 7c–h). He tino iti, kāore rānei i kitea te Desulfofibrion i ngā wāhanga tōmua o te waikura, i roto i ngā tauira wai (Pikitia 7a, b) me ngā kiriata koiora kāore i waikura (Pikitia 7j, j). E whakaatu kaha ana tēnei he pai ake ki a Desulfovibrio te taiao o ngā hua waikura kua hangaia, ahakoa kāore e pā ki te waikura i ngā wāhanga tōmua o te waikura.
I kitea ngā huakita whakaiti-Fe(III) (RRB), pērā i a Geobacter me Geothrix, i roto i ngā hua waikura i ngā wāhanga waenga o te waikura (6 me te 14 marama), engari he nui ake te ōwehenga o ngā wāhanga waikura o muri (22 marama) i roto i a rātou. he iti noa iho (Pikitia 7c, eh). Ko te momo Sideroxydans me ngā āhuatanga waikura Fe(II) i whakaatu i tētahi whanonga ōrite (Pikitia 7f), nō reira he nui ake te ōwehenga o FeOB, IRB, me SRB i roto i ngā tauira waikura. E whakaatu kaha ana tēnei ko ngā huringa i roto i ēnei hapori moroiti e pā ana ki te haere whakamua o te waikura.
I roto i te maitai me te 9% Cr i waikura i muri i te 3, 14 me te 22 marama, he nui ake te ōwehenga o ngā mema o te whānau Beggiatoacea (8.5–19.6%) i kitea, e whakaatu ana i ngā āhuatanga whakahāngai whanariki, ā, i kitea ngā sideroxidans (8.4–13.7%) (Pikitia 1). ). 7i) Hei tāpiri, ko Thiomonas, he huakita whakahāngai whanariki (SOB), i kitea i roto i ngā tau teitei ake (3.4% me te 8.8%) i te 3 me te 14 marama. He rerekē, ko ngā huakita whakaiti-nitrote Nitrospira (12.9%) i kitea i roto i ngā tauira 6-marama te pakeke kāore i waikura. I kitea anō hoki he nui ake te ōwehenga o Nitrospira i roto i ngā biofilms i runga i te kowiri tira i muri i te tukunga (Pikitia 7j,k). Nō reira, ko ngā hapori moroiti o ngā maitai 9% Cr kāore i waikura 1- me te 6-marama te pakeke he rite ki ērā i roto i ngā biofilms kowiri tira. Hei tāpiritanga, he rerekē ngā hapori moroiti o te maitai 9% Cr i waikura i te 3, 14 me te 22 marama i ngā hua waikura o ngā maitai waro me te iti-chromium me te rino maka.
He puhoi ake te whanaketanga o te waikura i roto i te wai māori i te wai moana nā te mea ka pā te kukū o ngā katote pūhaumāota ki te waikura o te konganuku. Heoi, ka waikura pea ētahi maitai kore waikura i roto i ngā taiao wai māori38,39. Hei tāpiri, i whakapaehia tuatahitia te MIC nā te mea kua kitea kētia he rauemi waikura i roto i te puna wai māori i whakamahia i roto i tēnei rangahau. I roto i ngā rangahau rumaki roa, i kitea ngā momo waikura, e toru ngā momo hapori moroiti, me te huringa o ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā hua waikura.
Ko te wai māori i whakamahia i tēnei rangahau he tāke kua kati mō te wai hangarau i tangohia mai i tētahi awa he āhua pumau te hanganga matū me te huringa ā-wā o te pāmahana wai mai i te 9 ki te 23 °C. Nō reira, ko ngā huringa ā-wā o ngā hapori moroiti i roto i ngā tauira wai ka hono pea ki ngā huringa o te pāmahana. Hei tāpiri, he rerekē te hapori moroiti i roto i te wai puna kaukau i tērā i roto i te wai whakauru (Pikitia 5b). Kei te whakakapia tonutia te wai i roto i te puna kaukau nā te waipuke. Nō reira, i noho tonu te DO ki te ~8.2 ppm ahakoa i ngā hohonutanga waenga i waenganui i te mata o te peihana me te raro. Engari, me noho anaerobic te taiao o te paru, nā te mea ka tau, ka noho tonu ki te raro o te puna kaukau, ā, me rerekē hoki ngā tipu moroiti i roto (pērā i te CRP) i ngā tipu moroiti i roto i te wai (Pikitia 6). Nā te mea he tawhiti atu ngā kūponi i roto i te puna kaukau i ngā paru, i kitea noa rātou ki te wai māori i te wā o ngā rangahau rumaki i raro i ngā āhuatanga aerobic.
Ka puta te waikura whānui i roto i te maitai waro, te maitai iti-chromium, me te rino maka i roto i ngā taiao wai māori (Pikitia 1) nā te mea kāore ēnei rauemi e ātete ki te waikura. Heoi, ko te tere waikura (0.13 mm yr-1) i raro i ngā āhuatanga wai māori kore koiora he teitei ake i ngā rangahau o mua40 (0.04 mm yr-1) ā, he rite ki te tere waikura (0.02–0.76 mm yr-1) i te aroaro o ngā moroiti 1) He rite ki ngā āhuatanga wai māori40,41,42. Ko tēnei tere waikura tere he āhuatanga o te MIC.
Hei tāpiritanga, i muri i te 22 marama o te rumakina, i kitea te waikura ā-rohe i roto i ētahi konganuku i raro i ngā hua waikura (Pikitia 3). Ina koa, ko te tere waikura ā-rohe i kitea i roto i te ASTM A179 e rima ngā wā tere atu i te waikura whānui. Kua kitea anō hoki tēnei momo waikura rerekē me te tere waikura tere i roto i te waikura e puta ana i runga i te mea kotahi. Nō reira, ko te rumakina i mahia i roto i tēnei rangahau e whakaata ana i te waikura i roto i te mahi.
I roto i ngā konganuku i rangahaua, ko te maitai 9% Cr te mea i whakaatu i te waikura tino kino, me te hōhonutanga waikura >1.2 mm, he MIC pea tēnei nā te tere o te waikura me te āhua rerekē o te waikura. I roto i ngā konganuku i rangahaua, ko te maitai 9% Cr te mea i whakaatu i te waikura tino kino, me te hōhonutanga waikura >1.2 mm, he MIC pea tēnei nā te tere o te waikura me te āhua rerekē o te waikura. Среди исследованных металлов сталь с 9% Cr показала наиболее сильную коррозию с глубиной коррозтои> 1,2 м, м, является МИК из-за ускоренной коррозии и аномальной формы коррозии. I roto i ngā konganuku i tirotirohia, ko te maitai he 9% Cr te mea i whakaatu i te waikura tino kino me te hohonutanga waikura >1.2 mm, koinei pea te MIC nā te waikura tere me te momo waikura rerekē.在所研究的金属中，9% Cr 钢的腐蚀最为严重，腐蚀深度>1.2 mm，由于加速腐蚀和异常腐蚀形式，很可能是MIC。在所研究的金属中，9% Cr Среди исследованных металлов наиболее сильно корродировала сталь с 9% Cr, с глубиной коррозии >1,2 мм, скоре, скоре ускоренных и аномальных форм коррозии. I roto i ngā konganuku i rangahaua, ko te maitai he 9% Cr te mea tino waikura, me te hōhonutanga waikura >1.2 mm, ko te MIC pea nā ngā momo waikura tere me ngā momo rerekē.Nā te mea e whakamahia ana te maitai 9% Cr i roto i ngā tono pāmahana teitei, kua rangahauhia tōna whanonga waikura i mua43,44 engari kāore anō kia pūrongohia he MIC mō tēnei whakarewa i mua. I te mea he maha ngā moroiti, haunga ngā hyperthermophiles, kāore e mahi i roto i te taiao pāmahana teitei (>100 °C), kāore pea e arohia te MIC i roto i te maitai 9% Cr i roto i ēnei āhuatanga. I te mea he maha ngā moroiti, haunga ngā hyperthermophiles, kāore e mahi i roto i te taiao pāmahana teitei (>100 °C), kāore pea e arohia te MIC i roto i te maitai 9% Cr i roto i ēnei āhuatanga. Поскольку многие микроорганизмы, за исключением гипертермофилов, неактивны в высокотемпературной гипертермофилов, неактивны в высокотемпературной словою ° ли (> 1 с0ред ° лед) с 9% Cr в таких случаях можно не учитывать. I te mea he maha ngā moroiti kore e mahi i roto i te taiao pāmahana teitei (>100°C), haunga ngā hyperthermophiles, ka taea te wareware i te MIC i roto i te maitai me te 9% Cr i roto i ēnei āhuatanga.由于除超嗜热菌外，许多微生物在高温环境(>100 °C) 中不活跃，因此在这种情在这种不情在这种不情双跃Cr 钢中的MIC. 9% Cr (>100 °C) Поскольку многие микроорганизмы, кроме гипертермофилов, не проявляют активности в высокотемператных (>1Комператных) в стали с 9% Cr в данном случае можно не учитывать. I te mea he maha ngā moroiti, haunga ngā hyperthermophiles, kāore e whakaatu i te mahi i roto i ngā taiao pāmahana teitei (>100 °C), ka taea te wareware i te MIC i roto i te maitai me te 9% Cr i tēnei take.Heoi, ina whakamahia te maitai 9% Cr i roto i te taiao pāmahana reo, me mahi ngā mahi maha hei whakaiti i te MIC.
I kitea ngā hapori moroiti me ō rātou huringa i roto i ngā putunga o ngā rauemi kāore i waikura me ngā hua waikura i roto i ngā kiriata koiora i whakaritea ki te wai, me te waikura tere ake (Pikitia 5-7), e tohu kaha ana he hopuoro tēnei waikura. E ai ki a Ramirez et al.13, e toru ngā taahiraa whakawhiti (FeOB => SRB/IRB = > SOB) i roto i tētahi pūnaha rauropi moroiti moana mō te 6 marama, ā, ko te hauwai whanariki i hangaia e te SRB whai rawa tuarua ka whai wāhi pea ki te whai rawa o te SOB. E ai ki a Ramirez et al.13, e toru ngā nekehanga (FeOB => SRB/IRB => SOB) i roto i tētahi pūnaha rauropi moroiti moana mō ngā marama e 6, i te wā ka whai wāhi pea te hauwai whanariki i hangaia e te SRB whai rawa tuarua ki te whai rawa o te SOB. Ramirez et al.13 сообщают о трехэтапном переходе (FeOB => SRB/IRB => SOB) в морской микробной экосистеме в течение 6 мескоц сероводород, образующийся при вторичном обогащении SRB, может, наконец, способствовать обогащению SOB. E ai ki a Ramirez et al.13, e toru ngā wāhanga o te whakawhiti (FeOB => SRB/IRB => SOB) i roto i te pūnaha rauropi moroiti moana mō te wā e ono marama, ka taea e te hauwai whanariki i puta mai i te whakareinga tuarua o te SRB te whai wāhi atu ki te whakareinga SOB. Ramirez 等人13 报告了一个超过6 个月的海洋微生物生态系统中的三步转变(FeOB => SRB/IRB => SOB)，其中二次富集SRB 产生的硫化氢可能最终有助于SOB 的富集。Ramirez 等 人 13 报告 了 个 超过 超过 6 个 月 海洋 微生物 生态 系统 中 的 三 步 華转变 转变 转变 转变 转变 转变 转变 转变 转变 转变 r srb/IRB) ， 其中 次 察盆了可能 最终 有助于 sob 的富集。 Ramirez et al.13 сообщили о трехступенчатом переходе (FeOB => SRB/IRB => SOB) в морской микробной экосистеме в течение 6 меся сероводород, образующийся в результате вторичного обогащения SRB, может в конечном итоге способствовать обю SOBще. I kōrero a Ramirez et al.13 mō tētahi whakawhiti e toru ngā taahiraa (FeOB => SRB/IRB => SOB) i roto i te pūnaha rauropi moroiti moana mō te wā e ono marama, ā, i roto i tēnā wā, ka whai wāhi pea te hauwai whanariki i puta mai i te whakareinga tuarua o te SRB ki te whakareinga o te SOB.I kōrero a McBeth rāua ko Emerson36 mō te whakarei ake tuatahi i te FeOB. Waihoki, i kitea te whakanui ake i te FeOB i te wā tōmua o te waikura i roto i tēnei rangahau, engari ko ngā panonitanga moroiti me te haere tonu o te waikura i kitea i roto i te waro me te 1% me te 2.25% Cr maitai me te rino maka i runga i te 22 mo ko FeOB => IRB = > SRB (Pikitia 7 me te 8). Waihoki, i kitea te whakanui ake i te FeOB i te wā tōmua o te waikura i roto i tēnei rangahau, engari ko ngā panonitanga moroiti me te haere tonu o te waikura i kitea i roto i te waro me te 1% me te 2.25% Cr maitai me te rino maka i runga ake i te 22 mo ko FeOB => IRB => SRB (Pikitia 7 me te 8). Точно так же в этом исследовании наблюдается обогащение FeOB на ранней стадии коррозии, но микробные измронсрение коррозии, наблюдаемые в углеродистых и 1% и 2,25% Cr сталях и чугуне в течение 22 месяцев, представслябют = Fe. me 8). Waihoki, i roto i tēnei rangahau, ka kitea te whakanui ake i te FeOB i te wā tōmua o te waikura, engari ko ngā panonitanga moroiti i te whanaketanga o te waikura, i kitea i roto i te waro me te 1% me te 2.25% Cr maitai me te rino maka i roto i te 22 marama, ko FeOB => IRB => SRB (Pikitia 7 me te 8).同样，在本研究中观察到早期腐蚀阶段FeOB 的富集，但在碳和1% 和2.25% Cr 钢以及越个月的铸铁中观察到的微生物随着腐蚀的进展而变化是FeOB => IRB => SRB（图7 和8）。同样 ， 在 本 研究 中 观察 早期 腐蚀 阶段 feob 的 富集 ， 但 碳 和 和 1% 和 2.25% Cr 2.25% Cr.的 铸铁 中 到 的 微生物 腐蚀 的 进展 而 变化 FEOB => IRB => SRB（图7和8）。 Аналогичным образом, в этом исследовании наблюдалось обогащение FeOB на ранних стадиях коррозии, но микробиелячать наблюдаемые в углеродистых и 1% и 2,25% Cr сталях и чугуне в течение 22 месяцев, были FeOB => IRB => SRB (рис. 7 и с. Waihoki, i kitea te whakanui ake i te FeOB i ngā wāhanga tōmua o te waikura i roto i tēnei rangahau, engari ko ngā huringa moroiti i kitea i roto i te waro me ngā maitai 1% me te 2.25% Cr me te rino maka i roto i ngā marama 22 ko FeOB => IRB => SRB (Pikitia 7 me te 8).Ka ngāwari te kohikohi o ngā SRB i roto i ngā taiao wai moana nā te nui o ngā kukū katote whanariki, engari ka whakaroahia te whakanui ake i a rātou i roto i ngā taiao wai māori e te iti o ngā kukū katote whanariki. He maha ngā pūrongo mō te whakanui ake i te SRB i roto i te wai moana10,12,45.
a Te waro waro me te hauota mā te pākia o te pūngao e pā ana ki te Fe(II) te waikura rino (ngā pūtau whero [Dechloromonas sp.] me te kakariki [Sideroxydans sp.]) me ngā huakita whakaiti Fe(III) (ngā pūtau hina [Geothrix sp. me Geobacter sp. ]) i te wā tōmua o te waikura, kātahi ka whakarei ake ngā huakita whakaiti-sulfate anaerobic (SRP) me ngā moroiti heterotrophic i te wā pakeke o te waikura mā te kai i ngā mea waro kua kohia. b Ngā huringa i roto i ngā hapori moroiti i runga i ngā konganuku ātete-waikura. Ko ngā pūtau papura, kikorangi, kōwhai, me te mā e tohu ana i ngā huakita mai i ngā whānau Comamonadaceae, Nitrospira sp., Beggiatoacea, me ētahi atu.
Mō ngā panonitanga o te hapori moroiti me te whakanui pea i te SRB, he mea nui te FeOB i te wā tōmua o te waikura, ā, ka taea e ngā Dechloromonas te whiwhi i tō rātou kaha tipu mai i te waikura Fe(II). Ka taea e ngā moroiti te ora i roto i ngā pāpāho kei roto ngā huānga iti, engari kāore e tipu tere. Heoi, ko te puna ruku i whakamahia i roto i tēnei rangahau he puna waipuke, me te rerenga mai o te 20 m3/h, e whakarato tonu ana i ngā huānga iti kei roto ngā iona kore-waro. I ngā wā tōmua o te waikura, ka tukuna ngā iona ferrous mai i te maitai waro me te rino maka, ā, ka whakamahia e ngā FeOB (pērā i a Dechloromonas) hei pūtake pūngao. Me noho ngā rahinga iti o te waro, te phosphate me te hauota e hiahiatia ana mō te tipu pūtau i roto i te wai tukatuka i roto i te ahua o ngā matū waro me ngā matū kore-waro. Nō reira, i roto i tēnei taiao wai māori, ka whakanuia tuatahitia te FeOB i runga i ngā mata whakarewa pērā i te maitai waro me te rino maka. Muri iho, ka taea e ngā IRB te tipu me te whakamahi i ngā mea waro me ngā waikura rino hei pūtake pūngao me ngā kaiwhiwhi irahiko whakamutunga. I roto i ngā hua waikura kua pakeke, me hanga ngā āhuatanga anaerobic kua whakanuia ki te hauota nā te pākia o te FeOB me te IRB. Nō reira, ka taea e te SRB te tipu tere me te whakakapi i te FeOB me te IRB (Pikitia 8a).
Nō nā tata nei, i kōrero a Tang me ētahi atu mō te waikura o te maitai kore waikura e Geobacter ferroreducens i roto i ngā taiao wai māori nā te whakawhiti tika o te irahiko mai i te rino ki ngā moroiti46. I runga i te whakaaro ki te EMIC, he mea nui te takoha a ngā moroiti me ngā āhuatanga EET. Ko te SRB, FeOB, me te IRB ngā momo moroiti matua i roto i ngā hua waikura i roto i tēnei rangahau, me whai āhuatanga EET. Nō reira, ka taea e ēnei moroiti kaha hiko te takoha ki te waikura mā te EET, ā, ka rerekē te hanganga o tō rātou hapori i raro i te awe o ngā momo ionic i te wā e hangaia ana ngā hua waikura. Engari, he rerekē te hapori moroiti i roto i te maitai me te 9% Cr i ētahi atu maitai (Pikitia 8b). I muri i te 14 marama, hei tāpiri atu ki te whakarei ake ki te FeOB, pērā i te Sideroxydans, SOB47Beggiatoacea, me te Thiomonas i whakarei ake hoki (Pikitia 7i). He tino rerekē tēnei huringa i tērā o ētahi atu rauemi waikura, pērā i te maitai waro, ā, ka taea te awe e ngā iona whai-chromium i rewa i te wā waikura. He mea nui, ehara i te mea ko ngā āhuatanga whakapūngao whanariki anake ngā āhuatanga o Thiomonas, engari ko ngā āhuatanga whakapūngao Fe(II), he pūnaha EET, me te manawanui ki te konganuku taumaha48,49. Ka taea te whakarei ake i ēnei āhuatanga nā te mahi whakapūngao o Fe(II) me/ranei te kai tika o ngā irahiko konganuku. I roto i tētahi rangahau o mua, i kitea te nui o te Beggiatoacea i roto i ngā kiriata koiora i runga i te Cu mā te whakamahi i tētahi pūnaha aroturuki kiriata koiora korekore, e kī ana he ātete pea ēnei huakita ki ngā konganuku paitini pēnei i te Cu me te Cr. Heoi, kāore i te mōhiotia te pūtake pūngao e hiahiatia ana e te Beggiatoacea hei tipu i roto i tēnei taiao.
E pūrongo ana tēnei rangahau i ngā panonitanga o ngā hapori moroiti i te wā e waikura ana i roto i ngā taiao wai māori. I roto i taua taiao anō, he rerekē te momo whakarewa o ngā hapori moroiti. Hei tāpiri, e whakaū ana ā mātou hua i te hiranga o te FeOB i ngā wāhanga tōmua o te waikura, nā te mea ko te pākia o te pūngao moroiti e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rino ka whakatairanga i te hanganga o tētahi taiao whai matūkai e pai ana ki ētahi atu moroiti pēnei i te SRB. Hei whakaiti i te MIC i roto i ngā taiao wai māori, me whakawhāiti te whakanui i te FeOB me te IRB.
E iwa ngā konganuku i whakamahia i roto i tēnei rangahau, ā, i tukatukahia hei poraka 50 × 20 × 1–5 mm (te matotoru mō te maitai ASTM 395 me te 1%, 2.25% me te 9% Cr: 5 mm; te matotoru mō te ASTM A283 me te ASTM A179: 3 mm). mm; ASTM A109 Temper 4/5 me te Momo 304 me te 316 Kowiri tira, te matotoru: 1mm), me ngā kōhao 4mm e rua. I orohia ngā maitai chromium ki te pepa kirikiri, ā, i orohia ētahi atu konganuku ki te pepa kirikiri 600 i mua i te tukunga. I sonicatedhia ngā tauira katoa ki te 99.5% etanoru, i whakamaroketia, ā, i paunatia. Tekau ngā tauira o ia konganuku i whakamahia mō te tatau i te tere waikura me te tātari microbiome. I whakapirihia ia tauira ki te ara arawhata me ngā tokotoko PTFE me ngā mokowā (φ 5 × 30 mm, Tāpiritanga Pikitia 2).
Ko te rōrahi o te puna kaukau he 1100 mita pūtoru, ā, ko te hohonutanga he tata ki te 4 mita. Ko te rerenga wai e tomo mai ana he 20 m3 ia hāora, i tukuna te waipuke, ā, kāore te kounga o te wai i rerekē i ia wā (Pikitia Tāpiri 3). Ka tukuna te arawhata tauira ki runga i tētahi waea maitai 3 m te roa e iri ana i waenganui o te tāke. E rua ngā huinga arawhata i tangohia mai i te puna kaukau i te 1, 3, 6, 14 me te 22 marama. I whakamahia ngā tauira mai i tētahi arawhata hei ine i te ngaronga taumaha me te tatau i ngā tere waikura, ko ngā tauira mai i tētahi atu arawhata i whakamahia mō te tātari i te microbiome. I inehia te hāora rewa i roto i te tāke rumaki tata ki te mata me te raro, tae atu ki waenganui, mā te whakamahi i tētahi pūoko hāora rewa (InPro6860i, Mettler Toledo, Columbus, Ohio, USA).
I tangohia ngā hua waikura me ngā kiriata koiora i runga i ngā tauira mā te waru ki te waru kirihou, mā te muru rānei ki te miro miro, kātahi ka horoia ki te 99.5% etanoru mā te whakamahi i te kaukau ultrasonic. Kātahi ka rumakina ngā tauira ki roto i te wairewa a Clark e ai ki te ASTM G1-0351. I paunatia ngā tauira katoa i muri i te whakamaroketanga. Tātaihia te tere waikura (mm/tau) mō ia tauira mā te whakamahi i te tātai e whai ake nei:
ko K he pūmau (8.76 × 104), ko T te wā whakaatu (h), ko A te horahanga mata katoa (cm2), ko W te ngaronga papatipu (g), ko D te mātotoru (g cm–3).
I muri i te paunatia o ngā tauira, i tangohia mai ngā whakaahua 3D o ētahi tauira mā te whakamahi i tētahi karu hiko ine 3D (LEXT OLS4000, Olympus, Tokyo, Hapani).