Cov hlau tsis xeb tsis yog ib yam nyuaj rau ua haujlwm nrog, tab sis kev vuam nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas txhua yam. Nws tsis yaj cua sov zoo li cov hlau tsis muaj zog lossis txhuas, thiab nws yuav poob qee qhov kev tiv thaiv xeb yog tias koj muab cua sov ntau dhau rau hauv nws. Cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws pab tswj nws txoj kev tiv thaiv xeb. Duab: Miller Electric
Qhov tsis kam xeb ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau ntau daim ntawv thov raj tseem ceeb, suav nrog cov khoom noj khoom haus huv siab, tshuaj, lub thawv siab, thiab cov ntawv thov petrochemical. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv no tsis yaj cua sov zoo li cov hlau tsis muaj zog lossis txhuas, thiab kev vuam tsis raug tuaj yeem txo nws qhov kev tiv thaiv xeb. Siv cua sov ntau dhau thiab siv cov hlau tsis raug yog ob qho ua rau.
Kev ua raws li qee qhov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau kev vuam hlau tsis xeb tuaj yeem pab txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov hlau tseem khaws nws cov kev tiv thaiv xeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem vuam tuaj yeem coj cov txiaj ntsig tsim khoom yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo.
Hauv kev vuam hlau tsis xeb, kev xaiv cov hlau filler yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj cov pa roj carbon. Cov hlau filler siv rau kev vuam yeeb nkab hlau tsis xeb yuav tsum txhim kho kev ua haujlwm vuam thiab ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Nrhiav cov hlau filler uas muaj lub npe "L", xws li ER308L, vim lawv muab cov pa roj carbon tsawg dua uas pab tswj kev tiv thaiv xeb ntawm cov hlau stainless hlau uas tsis muaj carbon ntau. Kev vuam cov hlau uas tsis muaj carbon ntau nrog cov hlau filler txheem ua rau cov pa roj carbon ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke ntau ntxiv, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev xeb ntau ntxiv. Tsis txhob siv cov hlau filler uas cim nrog "H" vim tias cov no muab cov pa roj carbon ntau dua thiab tsim los rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau lub zog ntau dua ntawm qhov kub siab.
Thaum vuam cov hlau tsis xeb, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum xaiv cov hlau uas muaj cov khoom tsis huv (tseem hu ua cov khoom tsis huv). Cov no yog cov khoom seem hauv cov khoom siv raw uas siv los ua cov hlau, suav nrog antimony, arsenic, phosphorus thiab sulfur. Lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam loj heev rau qhov kev tiv thaiv xeb ntawm cov khoom.
Vim tias cov hlau tsis xeb yooj yim rau cua sov nkag, kev npaj sib koom ua ke thiab kev sib dhos kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cua sov kom tswj tau cov khoom siv. Vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom lossis qhov sib haum tsis sib xws, lub teeb yuav tsum nyob ntev dua hauv ib qho chaw thiab xav tau ntau cov hlau ntxiv los sau cov qhov sib txawv ntawd. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cua sov tsim nyob rau hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau qhov khoom kub dhau. Kev sib haum tsis zoo kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau nws nyuaj dua los txuas qhov sib txawv thiab tau txais qhov kev sib txuas tsim nyog. Ceev faj kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom haum rau hauv cov hlau tsis xeb kom ze rau qhov zoo meej li sai tau.
Qhov huv ntawm cov khoom siv no kuj tseem ceeb heev. Me ntsis ntawm cov pa phem lossis av qias neeg hauv cov pob qij txha vuam tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo uas txo qhov muaj zog thiab kev tiv thaiv xeb ntawm cov khoom kawg. Txhawm rau ntxuav cov khoom siv ua ntej vuam, siv cov txhuam tshwj xeeb stainless hlau uas tsis tau siv rau ntawm cov hlau carbon lossis txhuas.
Hauv cov hlau tsis xeb, kev ua kom tawv nqaij yog qhov ua rau poob ntawm kev tiv thaiv xeb. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum qhov kub thiab txias ntawm kev vuam hloov pauv ntau dhau, hloov pauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv.
Qhov OD weld no ntawm cov yeeb nkab stainless hlau, welded siv GMAW thiab tswj hwm cov hlau deposition (RMD) yam tsis muaj backflushing ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, zoo ib yam li cov welds ua nrog backflushed GTAW.
Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb yog chromium oxide. Tab sis yog tias cov pa roj carbon hauv qhov vuam siab dhau, chromium carbide yuav tsim. Cov no khi cov chromium thiab tiv thaiv kev tsim cov chromium oxide uas xav tau, uas ua rau cov hlau tsis xeb tsis xeb. Yog tias tsis muaj chromium oxide txaus, cov khoom siv yuav tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv xav tau thiab xeb yuav tshwm sim.
Kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj kev rhiab heev yog nyob ntawm kev xaiv cov hlau filler thiab kev tswj cov cua sov nkag. Raws li tau hais ua ntej, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xaiv cov hlau filler uas muaj cov pa roj carbon tsawg rau kev vuam hlau stainless. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum yuav tsum muaj cov pa roj carbon los muab lub zog rau qee yam kev siv. Kev tswj cua sov yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb thaum cov hlau filler uas muaj cov pa roj carbon tsawg tsis yog ib qho kev xaiv.
Txo lub sijhawm uas qhov vuam thiab thaj chaw uas raug cua sov nyob rau ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj plaws—feem ntau suav tias yog 950 txog 1,500 degrees Fahrenheit (500 txog 800 degrees Celsius). Lub sijhawm vuam tsawg dua nyob rau hauv qhov ntau no, qhov cua sov tsawg dua uas nws tsim. Ib txwm xyuas thiab saib xyuas qhov kub ntawm qhov sib tshuam hauv cov txheej txheem vuam.
Lwm txoj kev xaiv yog siv cov hlau filler uas tsim los nrog cov khoom sib xyaw xws li titanium thiab niobium los tiv thaiv kev tsim chromium carbide. Vim tias cov khoom no kuj cuam tshuam rau lub zog thiab kev tawv, cov hlau filler no siv tsis tau rau txhua daim ntawv thov.
Kev siv roj tungsten arc vuam (GTAW) rau txoj kev hla hauv paus yog txoj kev ib txwm siv los vuam cov yeeb nkab stainless hlau. Qhov no feem ntau yuav tsum tau siv argon rov qab los pab tiv thaiv kev oxidation ntawm sab nraub qaum ntawm qhov vuam. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv cov txheej txheem vuam hlau hauv cov yeeb nkab stainless hlau tau dhau los ua ntau dua thiab ntau dua. Hauv cov ntawv thov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias ntau yam roj tiv thaiv cuam tshuam li cas rau qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm cov khoom siv.
Thaum vuam cov hlau tsis xeb siv cov txheej txheem gas metal arc welding (GMAW), argon thiab carbon dioxide, cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm argon thiab oxygen, lossis cov khoom sib xyaw peb-roj (helium, argon, thiab carbon dioxide) yog siv ib txwm. Feem ntau, cov khoom sib xyaw no feem ntau muaj argon lossis helium thiab tsawg dua 5% carbon dioxide, vim tias carbon dioxide ua rau cov pa roj carbon rau hauv lub pas dej vuam thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua xua. Argon ntshiab tsis pom zoo rau GMAW ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb.
Cov hlau flux-cored rau cov hlau tsis xeb yog tsim los khiav nrog cov khoom sib xyaw ib txwm muaj ntawm 75% argon thiab 25% carbon dioxide. Flux muaj cov khoom xyaw tsim los tiv thaiv cov pa roj carbon los ntawm cov roj tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ua rau cov hlau vuam puas tsuaj.
Raws li cov txheej txheem GMAW tau hloov zuj zus, lawv tau ua kom yooj yim rau kev vuam cov kav hlau tsis xeb thiab cov kav dej. Txawm hais tias qee daim ntawv thov tseem yuav xav tau cov txheej txheem GTAW, cov txheej txheem hlau siab heev tuaj yeem muab cov khoom zoo sib xws thiab cov khoom lag luam siab dua hauv ntau daim ntawv thov hlau tsis xeb.
Cov hlau tsis xeb ID welds ua nrog GMAW RMD zoo ib yam li qhov zoo thiab tsos rau OD welds sib xws.
Qhov kev hla dhau hauv paus siv cov txheej txheem GMAW luv luv uas tau hloov kho xws li Miller's Regulated Metal Deposition (RMD) tshem tawm qhov rov qab ntws hauv qee cov ntawv thov hlau stainless austenitic. Qhov kev hla dhau hauv paus RMD tuaj yeem ua raws li pulsed GMAW lossis flux-cored arc welding fill thiab cap passes—qhov kev hloov pauv uas txuag lub sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag piv rau kev siv GTAW nrog back-purging, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov kav dej loj dua.
RMD siv kev hloov pauv hlau luv luv uas tswj tau zoo los tsim kom muaj qhov arc thiab weld puddle uas nyob twj ywm, ruaj khov. Qhov no muab tsawg dua qhov muaj feem yuav txias lossis tsis muaj fusion, tsawg dua spatter thiab cov kav dej zoo dua. Kev hloov pauv hlau uas tswj tau zoo kuj muab cov dej ntws sib npaug, ua rau nws yooj yim dua los tswj cov pas dej weld thiab yog li ntawd cua sov nkag thiab vuam ceev.
Cov txheej txheem tsis zoo li qub tuaj yeem ua rau kev vuam ntau ntxiv. Thaum siv RMD, qhov ceev ntawm kev vuam tuaj yeem yog 6 txog 12 hauv / feeb. Vim tias cov txheej txheem ua rau kev tsim khoom ntau ntxiv yam tsis muaj cua sov ntxiv ntawm cov khoom, nws pab tswj cov khoom thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb. Qhov txo qis cua sov ntawm cov txheej txheem kuj pab tswj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov substrate.
Cov txheej txheem GMAW pulsed no muab cov arc ntev luv dua, cov arc cones nqaim dua thiab cov cua sov tsawg dua li cov tshuaj tsuag pulse transfer. Vim tias cov txheej txheem yog kaw-loop, arc drift thiab tip-to-workpiece qhov sib txawv raug tshem tawm. Qhov no muab kev tswj hwm puddle yooj yim dua rau kev vuam hauv qhov chaw thiab tawm ntawm qhov chaw. Thaum kawg, kev sib txuas pulsed GMAW rau kev sau thiab lub hau hlaws nrog RMD rau cov hauv paus hlaws tso cai rau cov txheej txheem vuam kom ua tiav siv ib txoj hlau thiab ib roj, tshem tawm cov txheej txheem hloov sijhawm.
Phau Ntawv Xov Xwm Tube & Pipe tau los ua thawj phau ntawv xov xwm uas mob siab rau kev lag luam yeeb nkab hlau hauv xyoo 1990. Niaj hnub no, nws tseem yog tib phau ntawv tshaj tawm hauv North America uas mob siab rau kev lag luam thiab tau dhau los ua qhov chaw ntseeg siab tshaj plaws rau cov kws tshaj lij yeeb nkab.
Tam sim no nrog kev nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntawv digital ntawm The FABRICATOR, nkag mus tau yooj yim rau cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev lag luam.
Cov ntawv xov xwm digital ntawm The Tube & Pipe Journal tam sim no nkag tau tag nrho, muab kev nkag mus tau yooj yim rau cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev lag luam.
Txaus siab rau kev nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntawv digital ntawm STAMPING Journal, uas muab cov kev nce qib tshiab tshaj plaws, cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov xov xwm kev lag luam rau kev lag luam hlau stamping.
Tam sim no nrog kev nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntawv digital ntawm The Fabricator en Español, nkag mus tau yooj yim rau cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev lag luam.