URob Koltz noDave Meyer baxoxa ngezici ze-ferritic (magnetic) kanye ne-austenitic (non-magnetic) zezinsimbi ezingagqwali ezishibilikayo. I-Getty Images
U: Ngishisela ithangi lensimbi engagqwali elingama-316 elingelona ele-magnetic. Ngaqala ukushisela amathangi amanzi ngentambo ye-ER316L futhi ngathola ukuthi ama-weld ayene-magnetic. Ingabe kukhona engikwenzayo okungalungile?
A: Cishe awunalutho okufanele ukhathazeke ngalo. Kuvamile ukuthi ama-weld enziwe nge-ER316L adonse amandla okudonsa, futhi amashidi asongiwe kanye namashidi angu-316 avame ukungadonsi amandla okudonsa.
Ama-alloy ensimbi akhona ngezigaba eziningana ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa kanye nezinga lokusebenzisa izidakamizwa, okusho ukuthi ama-athomu ensimbi ahlelwe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Izigaba ezimbili ezivame kakhulu yi-austenite kanye ne-ferrite. I-Austenite ayiyona i-magnetic, kanti i-ferrite iyi-magnetic.
Ensimbini yekhabhoni evamile, i-austenite iyisigaba esikhona kuphela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, futhi njengoba insimbi iphola, i-austenite iphenduka i-ferrite. Ngakho-ke, emazingeni okushisa egumbi, insimbi yekhabhoni inamandla kazibuthe.
Amanye amazinga ensimbi engagqwali, okuhlanganisa u-304 no-316, abizwa ngokuthi ama-austenitic stainless steels ngoba isigaba sawo esiyinhloko yi-austenite ekushiseni kwegumbi. Lawa ma-stainless steel aqina abe yi-ferrite futhi aphenduke abe yi-austenite uma epholile. Amapuleti namashidi ensimbi engagqwali ase-Austenitic abhekana nokusebenza kokupholisa nokugoqa okulawulwayo okuguqula yonke i-ferrite ibe yi-austenite.
Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, kwatholakala ukuthi lapho kushintshwa izinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-austenitic, ukuba khona kwe-ferrite ethile ensimbini yokushintshwa kuvimbela ukuqhekeka okuncane (ukuqhekeka) okungenzeka lapho insimbi yokushintshwa i-austenitic ngokuphelele. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqhekeka okuncane, izinsimbi eziningi zokushintshwa zezinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-austenitic ziqukethe phakathi kuka-3% no-20% we-ferrite, ngakho-ke zidonsela omaginethi. Eqinisweni, izinzwa ezisetshenziselwa ukukala okuqukethwe kwe-ferrite kwezinsimbi zokushintshwa zensimbi engagqwali zingalinganisa nezinga lokukhanga okunamandla.
I-316 isetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kubalulekile ukunciphisa izakhiwo zikagesi ze-weld, kodwa lokhu akuvamile ukudingeka emathangini. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ungaqhubeka nokunamathisela ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
I-WELDER, eyayibizwa ngokuthi i-Practical Welding Today, imelela abantu bangempela abenza imikhiqizo esiyisebenzisayo futhi esisebenza nayo nsuku zonke. Lo magazini ubulokhu ukhonza umphakathi wokushisela eNyakatho Melika iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20.
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