Machubu a capillary achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri a AISI Super Duplex 2507
Kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana:
chubu chosapanga dzimbiri chachitsulo chozungulira
choyimbira chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
chubu chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri cha koyilo
ogulitsa chubu chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
opanga chubu chosapanga dzimbiri chopangira koyilo
choyimbira chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Chitsulo chaching'ono cha capillary chosapanga dzimbiri, chosapanga dzimbiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa chithandizo chamankhwala, fiber-optic, kupanga zolembera, zinthu zamagetsi zowotcherera, cholumikizira chingwe chopepuka, chakudya, chakale, mkaka, zakumwa, mankhwala ndi biochemistry, kutalika kosiyana kungaperekedwe malinga ndi zopempha.
Machubu a capillary okhala ndi chibowo chachikulu cha 0.0158 mainchesi, amapezeka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Machubu a capillary a Sandvik amadziwika ndi kulekerera kolimba, ndipo pamwamba pa machubuwo mulibe mafuta, mafuta ndi tinthu tina. Izi zimatsimikizira, mwachitsanzo, kuyenda bwino komanso kofanana kwa madzi ndi mpweya kuchokera ku sensa kupita ku chida choyezera.
Machubu opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amapezeka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu kutengera zomwe makasitomala akufuna. Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimapanga zinthu zolumikizidwa komanso zopanda msoko. Ma gredi wamba ndi 304 304L 316L(UNS S31603) Duplex 2205 (UNS S32205 & S31803) Super Duplex 2507 (UNS S32750) Incoloy 825 (UNS N08825) Inconel 625 (UNS N06625) Ma gredi ena a chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri mu duplex ndi superduplex ndi nickel alloy amapezeka mukawapempha.
Chidutswa cha makoma kuyambira 3mm (0.118'') mpaka 25.4mm (1.00'') OD. Kukhuthala kwa khoma kuyambira 0.5mm (0.020'') mpaka 3mm (0.118''). Machubu amatha kuperekedwa mu chitoliro chowongolera chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chogwiritsidwa ntchito kapena chozizira.
Kufotokozera
| Mtundu | Liaocheng Sihe Stainless STEEL |
| Kukhuthala | 0.1-2.0mm |
| M'mimba mwake | 0.3-20mm (kulekerera: ± 0.01mm) |
| Kalasi Yopanda Zisalu | 201,202,304,304L,316L,317L,321,310s,254mso,904L,2205,625 etc. |
| Kumaliza Pamwamba | Mkati ndi kunja zonse ndi zofewa, zoyeretsa, komanso zopanda msoko, zopanda madzi. |
| Muyezo | ASTM A269-2002.JIS G4305/ GB/T 12770-2002GB/T12771-2002 |
| Utali | 200-1500m pa koyilo iliyonse, kapena monga momwe kasitomala amafunira |
| Kukula kwa katundu | 6*1mm, 8*0.5mm, 8*0.6mm, 8*0.8mm, 8*0.9mm, 8*1mm, 9.5*1mm, 10*1mm, ndi zina zotero. |
| Satifiketi | ISO&BV |
| Njira yolongedza | Matumba opangidwa ndi nsalu, matumba apulasitiki ndi zina zotero. |
| Mitundu ya ntchito | amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani azakudya, zida za zakumwa, makina a mowa, chosinthira kutentha, makina operekera mkaka/madzi, zida zamankhwala, mphamvu ya dzuwa, zida zamankhwala, ndege, ndege, kulumikizana, mafuta ndi mafakitale ena. |
| Zindikirani | Chikalata cha OEM / ODM / Buyer chalandiridwa. |
| Kukula kwa chubu chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri | ||||||||||||||||
| CHINTHU | Giredi | Kukula | Kupanikizika | Utali | ||||||||||||
| 1 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/8″×0.025″ | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 2 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/8″×0.035″ | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 3 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/4″×0.035″ | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 4 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/4″×0.049″ | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 5 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | 3/8″×0.035″ | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 6 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | 3/8″×0.049″ | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 7 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/2″×0.049″ | 1000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 8 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | 1/2″×0.065″ | 1000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 9 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ3mm × 0.7mm | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 10 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ3mm × 0.9mm | 3200 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 11 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ4mm × 0.9mm | 3000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 12 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ4mm × 1.1mm | 3000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 13 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ6mm × 0.9mm | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 14 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ6mm × 1.1mm | 2000 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 15 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ8mm × 1mm | 1800 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 16 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ8mm × 1.2mm | 1800 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 17 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ10mm × 1mm | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 18 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ10mm × 1.2mm | 1500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 19 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ10mm × 2mm | 500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| 20 | 316L、304L、304 aloyi 625 825 2205 2507 | φ12mm × 1.5mm | 500 | 500-35000 | ||||||||||||
| Matebulo opanikizika | ||||||||||||||||
| Kusankha zipangizo zoyenera pa mzere uliwonse wowongolera kapena wothira mankhwala kumadalira momwe zinthu zilili komanso momwe zinthu zilili pamalopo. Pofuna kuthandiza posankha, matebulo otsatirawa amapereka ziwerengero za kuthamanga kwa mkati ndi zinthu zosinthira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapaipi osapanga dzimbiri olumikizidwa ndi laser. | ||||||||||||||||
| Kupanikizika kwakukulu (P) kwa TP 316L pa 100°F (38°C)1) | ||||||||||||||||
| Chonde onani zinthu zomwe zingakuthandizeni kusintha mawonekedwe a chinthu ndi mtundu wake pansipa. | ||||||||||||||||
| Kunja kwa m'mimba mwake, mu. | Kukhuthala kwa khoma, mkati. | Kupanikizika kuntchito2) | Kuthamanga kwamphamvu2) | Kupanikizika kofooka4) | ||||||||||||
| psi (MPa) | psi (MPa) | psi (MPa) | ||||||||||||||
| 1/4 | 0.035 | 6,600 (46) | 22,470 (155) | 6,600 (46) | ||||||||||||
| 1/4 | 0.049 | 9,260 (64) | 27,400 (189) | 8,710 (60) | ||||||||||||
| 1/4 | 0.065 | 12,280 (85) | 34,640 (239) | 10,750 (74) | ||||||||||||
| 3/8 | 0.035 | 4,410 (30) | 19,160 (132) | 4,610 (32) | ||||||||||||
| 3/8 | 0.049 | 6,170 (43) | 21,750 (150) | 6,220 (43) | ||||||||||||
| 3/8 | 0.065 | 8,190 (56) | 25,260 (174) | 7,900 (54) | ||||||||||||
| 3/8 | 0.083 | 10,450 (72) | 30,050 (207) | 9,570 (66) | ||||||||||||
| 1/2 | 0.049 | 4,630 (32) | 19,460 (134) | 4,820 (33) | ||||||||||||
| 1/2 | 0.065 | 6,140 (42) | 21,700 (150) | 6,200 (43) | ||||||||||||
| 1/2 | 0.083 | 7,840 (54) | 24,600 (170) | 7,620 (53) | ||||||||||||
| 5/8 | 0.049 | 3,700 (26) | 18,230 (126) | 3,930 (27) | ||||||||||||
| 5/8 | 0.065 | 4,900 (34) | 19,860 (137) | 5,090 (35) | ||||||||||||
| 5/8 | 0.083 | 6,270 (43) | 26,910 (151) | 6,310 (44) | ||||||||||||
| 3/4 | 0.049 | 3,080 (21) | 17,470 (120) | 3,320 (23) | ||||||||||||
| 3/4 | 0.065 | 4,090 (28) | 18,740 (129) | 4,310 (30) | ||||||||||||
| 3/4 | 0.083 | 5,220 (36) | 20,310 (140) | 5,380 (37) | ||||||||||||
| 1) Ziwerengero zokha. Kupanikizika kwenikweni kuyenera kuwerengedwa poganizira zinthu zonse zopsinjika zomwe zili mu dongosolo. | ||||||||||||||||
| 2) Kutengera kuwerengera kuchokera ku API 5C3, pogwiritsa ntchito kulekerera kwa khoma kwa +/-10% | ||||||||||||||||
| 3) Kutengera kuwerengera kwa mphamvu yomaliza kuchokera ku API 5C3 | ||||||||||||||||
| 4) Kutengera kuwerengera kwa mphamvu ya yield collapse kuchokera ku API 5C3 | ||||||||||||||||
| Zinthu zosinthira malire a kuthamanga kwa ntchito1) | ||||||||||||||||
| Pw = reference working pressure rating ya TP 316L pa 100°F (38°C). Kuti mudziwe kuthamanga kwa ntchito kwa grade/temperature, chulukitsani Pw ndi adjustment factor. | ||||||||||||||||
| Giredi | 100°F | 200°F | 300°F | 400°F | ||||||||||||
| (38)°C) | (93)°C) | (149)°C) | (204)°C) | |||||||||||||
| TP 316L, yopanda msoko | 1 | 0.87 | 0.7 | 0.63 | ||||||||||||
| TP 316L, yolumikizidwa | 0.85 | 0.74 | 0.6 | 0.54 | ||||||||||||
| Aloyi 825, yopanda msoko | 1.33 | 1.17 | 1.1 | 1.03 | ||||||||||||
| Aloyi 825, wolukidwa | 1.13 | 1.99 | 1.94 | 0.88 | ||||||||||||
| 1) Zinthu zosintha kutengera kupsinjika kovomerezeka mu ASME. | ||||||||||||||||
| Zinthu zosinthira malire a kuthamanga kwa mpweya1) | ||||||||||||||||
| Pb = kupanikizika koyerekeza kwa TP 316L pa 100°F. Kuti mudziwe kupsinjika kwa kuphulika kwa kuphatikiza kwa kalasi/kutentha, chulukitsani Pb ndi adjustment factor. | ||||||||||||||||
| Giredi | 100°F | 200°F | 300°F | 400°F | ||||||||||||
| (38)°C) | (93)°C) | (149)°C) | (204)°C) | |||||||||||||
| TP 316L, yopanda msoko | 1 | 0.93 | 0.87 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||
| TP 316L, yolumikizidwa | 0.85 | 0.79 | 0.74 | 0.68 | ||||||||||||
| Aloyi 825, yopanda msoko | 1.13 | 1.07 | 1 | 0.87 | ||||||||||||
| Aloyi 825, wolukidwa | 0.96 | 0.91 | 0.85 | 0.74 | ||||||||||||
| 1) Zinthu zosintha kutengera mphamvu yayikulu mu ASME. | ||||||||||||||||
Kapangidwe ka mankhwala:
| 316 Chubu cha capillary chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri | |||||||||
| Giredi | UNS | C | Cr | Ni | Mo | Ena | |||
| zambiri. | |||||||||
| TP 316L | S31600/ S31603 | 0.03 | 17.5 | 13 | 2.1 | 0.1 | |||
| Katundu wa makina | |||||||||
| Giredi | Mphamvu yobereka, | Kulimba kwamakokedwe, | Kutalikitsa | ||||||
| psi (MPa) | psi (MPa) | % | |||||||
| TP 316L | 32,000 (220) | 75,000 (515) | 35 | ||||||
| Katundu wa dzimbiri | |||||||||
| Giredi | UNS | PRE1) | CPT2) F (oC) | Max H2S3) | CO24) | ||||
| TP 316L | S31600/S31603 | 24 | 95 (35) | Palibe malire | + | ||||
▼Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chozungulira machubu / machubu ozungulira kalasi yazinthu:
| USA | Germany | Germany | FRANCE | JAPAN | ITALY | SWEDEN | UK | EU | SPAIN | RUSSIA |
| AISI | DIN 17006 | WN 17007 | AFNOR | JIS | UNION | SIS | BSI | EURONORM | ||
| 201 | SUS 201 | |||||||||
| 301 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | 1.4310 | Z 12 CN 17-07 | SUS 301 | X 12 CrNi 1707 | 23 31 | 301S21 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | X 12 CrNi 17-07 | |
| 302 | X 5 CrNi 18 7 | 1.4319 | Z 10 CN 18-09 | SUS 302 | X 10 CrNi 1809 | 23 31 | 302S25 | X 10 CrNi 18 9 | X 10 CrNi 18-09 | 12KH18N9 |
| 303 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | 1.4305 | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | SUS 303 | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 23 46 | 303S21 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | |
| 303 Se | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | SUS 303 Se | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 303S41 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | 12KH18N10E | ||||
| 304 | X 5 CrNi 18 10 X 5 CrNi 18 12 | 1.4301 1.4303 | Z 6 CN 18-09 | SUS 304 | X 5 CrNi 1810 | 23 32 | 304S15 304S16 | X 6 CrNi 18 10 | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | 08KH18N10 06KH18N11 |
| 304 N | SUS 304N1 | X 5 CrNiN 1810 | ||||||||
| 304 H | SUS F 304H | X 8 CrNi 1910 | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | |||||||
| 304 L | X 2 CrNi 18 11 | 1.4306 | Z 2 CN 18-10 | SUS 304L | X 2 CrNi 1911 | 23 52 | 304S11 | X 3 CrNi 18 10 | X 2 CrNi 19-10 | 03KH18N11 |
| X 2 CrNiN 18 10 | 1.4311 | Z 2 CN 18-10-Az | SUS 304LN | X 2 CrNiN 1811 | 23 71 | |||||
| 305 | Z 8 CN 18-12 | SUS 305 | X 8 CrNi 1812 | 23 33 | 305S19 | X 8 CrNi 18 12 | X 8 CrNi 18-12 | |||
| Z 6 CNU 18-10 | SUS XM7 | X 6 CrNiCu 18 10 4 Kd | ||||||||
| 309 | X 15 CrNiS 20 12 | 1.4828 | Z 15 CN 24-13 | SUH 309 | X 16 CrNi 2314 | 309S24 | X 15 CrNi 23 13 | |||
| 309 S | SUS 309S | X 6 CrNi 2314 | X 6 CrNi 22 13 | |||||||
| 310 | X 12 CrNi 25 21 | 1.4845 | SUH 310 | X 22 CrNi 2520 | 310S24 | 20KH23N18 | ||||
| 310 S | X 12 CrNi 25 20 | 1.4842 | Z 12 CN 25-20 | SUS 310S | X 5 CrNi 2520 | 23 61 | X 6 CrNi 25 20 | 10KH23N18 | ||
| 314 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 1.4841 | Z 12 CNS 25-20 | X 16 CrNiSi 2520 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 20KH25N20S2 | ||||
| 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | 1.4401 | Z 6 CND 17-11 | SUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 47 | 316S31 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
| 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | 1.4436 | Z 6 CND 17-12 | SUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 43 | 316S33 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
| 316 F | X 12 CrNiMoS 18 11 | 1.4427 | ||||||||
| 316 N | SUS 316N | |||||||||
| 316 H | SUS F 316H | X 8 CrNiMo 1712 | X 5 CrNiMo 17-12 | |||||||
| 316 H | X 8 CrNiMo 1713 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | ||||||||
| 316 L | X 2 CrNiMo 17 13 2 | 1.4404 | Z 2 CND 17-12 | SUS 316L | X 2 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 48 | 316S11 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH17N14M2 |
| X 2 CrNiMoN 17 12 2 | 1.4406 | Z 2 CND 17-12-Az | SUS 316LN | X 2 CrNiMoN 1712 | ||||||
| 316 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 14 3 | 1.4435 | Z 2 CND 17-13 | X 2 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 53 | 316S13 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH16N15M3 | |
| X 2 CrNiMoN 17 13 3 | 1.4429 | Z 2 CND 17-13-Az | X 2 CrNiMoN 1713 | 23 75 | ||||||
| X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | 1.4571 | Z6 CNDT 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1712 | 23 50 | 320S31 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||
| X 10 CrNiMoTi 18 12 | 1.4573 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1713 | 320S33 | X 6 CrNiMoTI 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||||
| X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 1.4580 | Z 6 CNDNb 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1712 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 08KH16N13M2B | |||||
| X 10 CrNiMoNb 18 12 | 1.4583 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1713 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 13 3 | 09KH16N15M3B | ||||||
| 317 | SUS 317 | X 5 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 66 | 317S16 | ||||||
| 317 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
| 317 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1816 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
| 330 | X 12 NiCrSi 36 16 | 1.4864 | Z 12NCS 35-16 | SUH 330 | ||||||
| 321 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 X 12 CrNiTi 18 9 | 1.4541 1.4878 | Z 6 CNT 18-10 | SUS 321 | X 6 CrNiTi 1811 | 23 37 | 321S31 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 | X 6 CrNiTi 18-11 | 08KH18N10T |
| 321 H | SUS 321H | X 8 CrNiTi 1811 | 321S20 | X 7 CrNiTi 18-11 | 12KH18N10T | |||||
| 329 | X 8 CrNiMo 27 5 | 1.4460 | SUS 329J1 | 23 24 | ||||||
| 347 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | 1.4550 | Z 6 CNNb 18-10 | SUS 347 | X 6 CrNiNb 1811 | 23 38 | 347S31 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | X 6 CrNiNb 18-11 | 08KH18N12B |
| 347 H | SUS F 347H | X 8 CrNiNb 1811 | X 7 CrNiNb 18-11 | |||||||
| 904L | 1.4939 | Z 12 CNDV 12-02 | ||||||||
| X 20 CrNiSi 25 4 | 1.4821 | |||||||||
| UNS31803 | X 2 CrNiMoN 22 5 | 1.4462 | ||||||||
| UNS32760 | X 3 CrNiMoN 25 7 | 1.4501 | Z 3 CND 25-06Az | |||||||
| 403 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 12 C 13 | SUS 403 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 403S17 | X 10 Cr 13 X 12 Cr 13 | X 6 Cr 13 | 12Kh13 |
| 405 | X 6 CrAl 13 | 1.4002 | Z 6 CA 13 | SUS 405 | X 6 CrAl 13 | 405S17 | X 6 CrAl 13 | X 6 CrAl 13 | ||
| X 10 CrAl 7 | 1.4713 | Z 8 CA 7 | X 10 CrAl 7 | |||||||
| X 10 CrAl 13 | 1.4724 | X 10 CrAl 12 | 10Kh13SYu | |||||||
| X 10 CrAl 18 | 1.4742 | X 10 CrSiAl 18 | 15Kh18SYu | |||||||
| 409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 1.4512 | Z 6 CT 12 | SUH 409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 409S19 | X 5 CrTi 12 | |||
| X 2 CrTi 12 | ||||||||||
| 410 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 10 C 13 Z 12 C 13 | SUS 410 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 410S21 | X 12 Cr 13 | X 12 Cr 13 | 12Kh13 |
| 410 S | X 6 Cr 13 | 1.4000 | Z 6 C 13 | SUS 410S | X 6 Cr 13 | 23 01 | 403S17 | X 6 Cr 13 | 08Kh13 | |
| 414 |
Ubwino wa khalidwe:
Ubwino wa zinthu zathu zoyendetsera mafuta ndi gasi umatsimikizika osati panthawi yokonza zinthu zokha komanso poyesa zinthu zomalizidwa. Mayeso wamba ndi awa:
1. Mayeso osawononga
2. Mayeso a Hydrostatic
3. Zowongolera zomaliza pamwamba
4. Miyeso yolondola ya miyeso
5. Mayeso a Flare ndi coning
6. Kuyesa katundu wa makina ndi mankhwala
Ntchito chubu cha caillary
1) Makampani opanga zida zamankhwala
2) kuwongolera kutentha kwa mafakitale kotsogozedwa ndi kutentha, masensa ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chitoliro, thermometer ya chubu
3) Chitoliro chachikulu cha makampani osamalira mapeni
4) antenna ya micro-tube, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya antenna yaing'ono yolondola yosapanga dzimbiri
5) Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagetsi yaying'ono yamagetsi yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
6) Zodzikongoletsera zoboola ndi singano
7) Mawotchi, chithunzi
8) Chubu cha antenna ya galimoto, ma antenna ozungulira pogwiritsa ntchito machubu, chubu cha antenna
9) Zipangizo zojambula ndi laser zogwiritsira ntchito chubu chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
10) Zida zosodza, zowonjezera, Yugan ali ndi
11) Zakudya zokhala ndi capillary yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
12) mitundu yonse ya stylus ya foni yam'manja ndi stylus ya kompyuta
13) Makampani opangira mapaipi otentha, makampani opangira mafuta
14) Makina osindikizira, singano ya bokosi losalankhula
15) Kokani chubu chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosungunuka kawiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndi mawindo
16) Machubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri osiyanasiyana a mafakitale
17) Kugawa bwino ndi singano zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
18) Maikolofoni, mahedifoni ndi maikolofoni yogwiritsira ntchito chubu chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi zina zotero














