Rob Koltz da Dave Meyer sun tattauna halayen ferritic (magnetic) da austenitic (marasa maganadisu) na ƙarfen bakin ƙarfe da aka haɗa.Getty Images
T: Ina walda tanki da aka yi da bakin karfe 316, wanda ba shi da maganadisu. Na fara walda tankunan ruwa da wayar ER316L kuma na gano cewa walda suna da maganadisu. Shin ina yin wani abu ba daidai ba?
A: Wataƙila ba ka da abin damuwa a kai. Al'ada ce walda da aka yi da ER316L su jawo hankalin maganadisu, kuma abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari cewa zanen gado da zanen gado 316 da aka naɗe ba sa jawo hankalin maganadisu.
Ana samun ƙarfe a matakai daban-daban dangane da yanayin zafi da matakin haɗa ƙarfe, wanda ke nufin cewa ƙwayoyin halitta a cikin ƙarfe an tsara su daban-daban. Matakai biyu da suka fi yawa sune austenite da ferrite. Austenite ba shi da maganadisu yayin da ferrite yake da maganadisu.
A cikin ƙarfe na carbon na yau da kullun, austenite wani lokaci ne da ke wanzuwa ne kawai a yanayin zafi mai yawa, kuma yayin da ƙarfen ke sanyi, austenite ya canza zuwa ferrite. Saboda haka, a zafin ɗaki, ƙarfen carbon yana da maganadisu.
Ana kiran nau'ikan ƙarfe da yawa na bakin ƙarfe, gami da 304 da 316, a matsayin ƙarfe mai bakin ƙarfe saboda babban matakinsu shine austenite a zafin ɗaki. Waɗannan ƙarfe masu bakin ƙarfe suna taurare zuwa ferrite kuma suna canzawa zuwa austenite lokacin da suka sanyaya. Faranti da zanen gado na bakin ƙarfe na Austenitic suna yin aikin sanyaya da birgima mai sarrafawa, wanda yawanci ke tabbatar da cewa an canza dukkan ferrite zuwa austenite.
A tsakiyar karni na 20, an gano cewa lokacin walda ƙarfen austenitic, kasancewar wasu ferrite a cikin ƙarfen walda yana hana fashewar microcrack (fashewa) wanda zai iya faruwa lokacin da ƙarfen mai cike yake da austenitic gaba ɗaya. Don hana fashewar microcrack, yawancin ƙarfen mai cike don ƙarfen austenitic an tsara su don ɗauke da ferrite 3% zuwa 20%, don haka suna jawo maganadisu. A zahiri, ma'aunin da ake amfani da su don auna abubuwan da ke cikin ferrite a cikin walda ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe suma suna iya auna matakin jan hankalin maganadisu.
316 yana da wasu aikace-aikace inda rage girman maganadisu na walda yake da mahimmanci, amma ba kasafai ake buƙatar wannan a cikin tankuna ba. Ina fatan za ku iya ci gaba da haɗa kayan aikin ba tare da wata damuwa ba.
WELDER, wacce a da ake kira Practical Welding Today, tana nuna ainihin mutanen da ke yin kayayyakin da muke amfani da su da kuma waɗanda muke aiki da su kowace rana. Wannan mujallar ta yi wa al'ummar walda hidima a Arewacin Amurka tsawon sama da shekaru 20.
Yanzu da cikakken damar shiga bugu na dijital na The FABRICATOR, samun damar samun albarkatun masana'antu masu mahimmanci cikin sauƙi.
Bugun dijital na Jaridar The Tube & Pipe yanzu ya zama cikakke, wanda ke ba da damar samun albarkatu masu mahimmanci a masana'antu cikin sauƙi.
Ji daɗin cikakken damar shiga bugu na dijital na STAMPING Journal, wanda ke ba da sabbin ci gaban fasaha, mafi kyawun ayyuka da labaran masana'antu don kasuwar tambarin ƙarfe.
Yanzu da cikakken damar shiga bugu na dijital na The Fabricator en Spanish, samun damar samun albarkatun masana'antu masu mahimmanci cikin sauƙi.