Ua kūkākūkā ʻo Rob Koltz lāua ʻo Dave Meyer i nā ʻano ferritic (magnetic) a me austenitic (non-magnetic) o nā kila kila i hoʻopili ʻia. Getty Images
Q: Ke kuʻihao nei au i kahi pahu i hana ʻia me ke kila kila 316, ʻaʻole ia he magnetic. Ua hoʻomaka wau e kuʻihao i nā pahu wai me ka uea ER316L a ua ʻike au he magnetic nā kuʻihao. Ke hana hewa nei au?
A: ʻAʻohe āu mea e hopohopo ai. He mea maʻamau no nā wili i hana ʻia me ER316L ke huki i ka magnetism, a he mea maʻamau loa no nā pepa 316 i ʻōwili ʻia a me nā pepa i ʻole e huki i ka magnetism.
Aia nā mea hao hao i nā ʻano like ʻole ma muli o ka mahana a me ka pae hoʻohuihui, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻokoʻa ʻia nā ʻātoma i loko o ka metala. ʻO nā ʻano ʻelua maʻamau ka austenite a me ka ferrite. ʻAʻole magnetic ka Austenite ʻoiai he magnetic ka ferrite.
I ke kila kalapona maʻamau, ʻo ka austenite kahi pae e kū wale ana ma nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, a i ka wā e hoʻomaʻalili ai ke kila, hoʻololi ka austenite i ferrite. No laila, i ka mahana o ka lumi, he magnetic ke kila kalapona.
Ua kapa ʻia kekahi mau papa o ke kila kila, me 304 a me 316, he mau kila kila austenitic no ka mea ʻo ko lākou ʻano nui he austenite i ka mahana o ka lumi. Hoʻopaʻa kēia mau kila kila i ferrite a hoʻololi i ka austenite ke hoʻomaʻalili ʻia. Hana ʻia nā papa a me nā pepa kila kila Austenitic i nā hana hoʻomaʻalili a me ka ʻōwili ʻana, kahi e hōʻoia pinepine ai ua hoʻololi ʻia nā ferrite āpau i austenite.
I ka waena o ke kenekulia 20, ua ʻike ʻia i ka wā e hoʻoheheʻe ai i nā kila kila austenitic, ʻo ke alo o kekahi ferrite i loko o ka metala weld e pale ai i ka microcracking (cracking) hiki ke hana i ka wā e austenitic loa ai ka metala hoʻopihapiha. I mea e pale ai i ka microcracking, ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka hapa nui o nā metala hoʻopihapiha no nā kila kila austenitic e loaʻa i ka 3% a 20% ferrite, no laila e huki lākou i nā magnet. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki i nā ana i hoʻohana ʻia e ana i ka ʻike ferrite i loko o nā welds kila kila ke ana i ka pae o ka huki magnetic.
Loaʻa iā 316 kekahi mau noi kahi e koʻikoʻi ai ka hoʻemi ʻana i nā waiwai magnetic o ka weld, akā ʻaʻole pono pinepine kēia i nā pahu. Manaʻolana wau hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau i ke kūʻai ʻana me ka hopohopo ʻole.
ʻO WELDER, ʻo Practical Welding Today ma mua, hōʻike i nā poʻe maoli e hana ana i nā huahana a mākou e hoʻohana ai a hana pū me kēlā me kēia lā. Ua lawelawe kēia makasina i ke kaiāulu wili ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau no nā makahiki he 20 a ʻoi.
I kēia manawa me ke komo piha ʻana i ka paʻi kikohoʻe o The FABRICATOR, komo maʻalahi i nā kumuwaiwai ʻoihana waiwai nui.
Ua hiki ke loaʻa piha ʻia ka paʻi kikohoʻe o The Tube & Pipe Journal i kēia manawa, e hāʻawi ana i ke komo maʻalahi i nā kumuwaiwai waiwai o ka ʻoihana.
E hauʻoli i ke komo piha ʻana i ka paʻi kikohoʻe o STAMPING Journal, kahi e hāʻawi ai i nā holomua ʻenehana hou loa, nā hana maikaʻi loa a me nā nūhou ʻoihana no ka mākeke sila metala.
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