Sisebenzisa amakhukhi ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwakho. Ngokuqhubeka uphequlula le sayithi, uyavuma ukusebenzisa kwethu amakhukhi. Ulwazi Olwengeziwe.
Esifundweni esiboniswe kusengaphambili ku-Journal of Nuclear Materials, insimbi engagqwali eyenziwe kabusha ene-NbC precipitates e-nanosized (ARES-6) kanye nensimbi engagqwali evamile engu-316 yahlolwa ngaphansi kwemisebe ye-ion esindayo. Ukuziphatha ngemva kokuvuvukala ukuze kuqhathaniswe izinzuzo ze-ARES-6.
Ucwaningo: Ukumelana nokuvuvukala kwensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ene-nanoscale NbC esakazeke ngokulinganayo iyancipha ngaphansi kwemisebe ye-ion esindayo. Isithombe sivela ku: Parilov/Shutterstock.com
Izinsimbi eziqinile ze-Austenitic (SS) zivame ukusetshenziswa njengezingxenye zangaphakathi ezenziwe kuma-reactor amanzi alula anamuhla lapho zivezwa khona ekushiseni okuphezulu kwemisebe.
Ushintsho ekubunjweni kwezinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-austenitic lapho zibanjwa yi-neutron luthinta kabi imingcele ebonakalayo njengokuqina kwemisebe kanye nokubola kokushisa. Imijikelezo yokuguquka, ukuvuleka, kanye nokuvuselela kuyizibonelo zokuvela kwesakhiwo esincane esibangelwa imisebe okuvame ukutholakala ezinsimbini ezingagqwali ze-austenitic.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ingase ikhuliswe nge-vacuum ebangelwa imisebe, okungaholela ekubhujisweni okungaba yingozi kwezingxenye eziyinhloko ze-reactor. Ngakho-ke, ukusungulwa kwe-reactor yenyukliya yesimanje ephila isikhathi eside kanye nokukhiqiza okuphezulu kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlangano eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingamelana nemisebe eminingi.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1970, kuye kwaphakanyiswa izindlela eziningi zokuthuthukisa izinto ezisebenzisa imisebe. Njengengxenye yemizamo yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe, indima yezici eziyinhloko zokwandiswa kwe-vacuum iye yafundwa. Kodwa noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokuthi izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-nickel austenitic ezine-nickel ephezulu zisengozini enkulu yokuqhekeka kwemisebe ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwamaconsi e-helium, izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenite eziphansi azikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kokugqwala okwanele ngaphansi kwezimo ezigqwalisayo. Kukhona futhi nemikhawulo ethile yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe ngokulungisa ukucushwa kwe-alloy.
Enye indlela ukufaka izici ezahlukahlukene zesakhiwo esincane ezingasebenza njengezindawo zokukhipha amanzi lapho amaphuzu ehluleka khona. Isinki singaba negalelo ekumuncweni kweziphambeko zangaphakathi ezibangelwa imisebe, sibambezele ukwakheka kwemigodi kanye nezindilinga zokufuduka ezidalwe ukuhlanganiswa kwezikhala nezikhala.
Ukuhlukaniswa okuningi, ama-precipitate amancane, kanye nezakhiwo ezi-granular kuye kwaphakanyiswa njengezifutho ezingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe. Umklamo womqondo wejubane eliguqukayo kanye nezifundo eziningana zokubuka kwembule izinzuzo zalezi zici ezincane zokuvimbela ukwanda kwe-void kanye nokunciphisa ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye ezibangelwa imisebe. Kodwa-ke, igebe liyaphola kancane kancane ngaphansi kwethonya lemisebe futhi aliwenzi ngokugcwele umsebenzi wendawo yokukhipha amanzi.
Abacwaningi basanda kukhiqiza insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic enesilinganiso esifanayo se-nano-niobium carbide precipitates ehlakazeke ngokulinganayo ku-matrix kusetshenziswa inqubo yokwenza insimbi yezimboni kamuva eyabizwa ngokuthi i-ARES-6.
Iningi lama-precipitate kulindeleke ukuthi linikeze izindawo zokucwila ezanele zeziphambeko zangaphakathi zemisebe, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe yama-alloy e-ARES-6. Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona kwama-precipitate amancane e-niobium carbide akunikezi izakhiwo ezilindelekile zokumelana nemisebe ngokusekelwe ohlakeni.
Ngakho-ke, inhloso yalolu cwaningo kwakuwukuhlola umphumela omuhle wama-carbide amancane e-niobium ekuphikeleni ukwanda. Imiphumela yesilinganiso somthamo ehlobene nokuphila isikhathi eside kwama-pathogen e-nanoscale ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwama-ion amakhulu nayo iye yahlolwa.
Ukuze kuhlolwe ukwanda kwegebe, i-ARES-6 alloy esanda kukhiqizwa ene-niobium nanocarbides ehlakazeke ngokulinganayo yashukumisa insimbi yezimboni futhi yayishaya ngama-ion angu-5 MeV nickel. Iziphetho ezilandelayo zisekelwe ekulinganisweni kokuvuvukala, izifundo ze-nanometer electron microscopy microstructure, kanye nokubalwa kwamandla okwehla.
Phakathi kwezakhiwo ezincane ze-ARES-6P, ukugcwala okuphezulu kwama-nanoniobium carbide precipitates kuyimbangela ebaluleke kakhulu yokwanda kokunwebeka ngesikhathi sokuvuvukala, yize ukugcwala okuphezulu kwe-nickel nakho kudlala indima. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuvama okuphezulu kokufuduka, i-ARES-6HR ibonise ukwanda okufana ne-ARES-6SA, okuphakamisa ukuthi, naphezu kwamandla akhuphukile esakhiwo sethangi, ukufuduka ku-ARES-6HR kuphela akukwazi ukunikeza indawo yokukhipha amanzi ephumelelayo.
Ngemva kokuqhuma ngama-ion asindayo, uhlobo lwe-nanoscale quasi-crystalline lwama-precipitates e-niobium carbide luyabhujiswa. Ngenxa yalokho, uma kusetshenziswa isikhungo sokuqhuma kwama-ion esindayo esisetshenziswa kulo msebenzi, iningi lamagciwane akhona kakade kumasampula angakhanyiswanga anyamalala kancane kancane ku-matrix.
Nakuba amandla okukhipha amanzi e-ARES-6P kulindeleke ukuthi abe ngokuphindwe kathathu kunepuleti lensimbi engagqwali elingu-316, ukwanda okulinganisiwe kokwanda cishe kuphindwe kasikhombisa.
Ukuncibilika kwama-precipitate e-niobium nanocarbide lapho echayeka ekukhanyeni kuchaza umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokumelana nokuvuvukala okulindelekile kanye nokwangempela kwe-ARES-6P. Kodwa-ke, amakristalu e-nanoniobium carbide kulindeleke ukuthi ahlale isikhathi eside ngamanani aphansi, futhi ukuqina kokukhula kwe-ARES-6P kuzothuthukiswa kakhulu esikhathini esizayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zesitshalo samandla enuzi.
UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., kanye no-AlMousa, N. (2022). UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., kanye no-AlMousa, N. (2022). UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Chon, K., Eom, HJ, Jang, K., kanye no-Al-Musa, N. (2022). UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., kanye no-AlMousa, N. (2022). UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., kanye no-AlMousa, N. (2022). UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Chon, K., Eom, HJ, Jang, K., kanye no-Al-Musa, N. (2022).Ukumelana nokuvuvukala kwensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ene-nanosized NbC esakazeke ngokulinganayo itholakala ngaphansi kwemisebe ngama-ion asindayo. Ijenali Yezinto Zenuzi. Itholakala ku: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022311522001714?via%3Dihub.
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UShahir waphothula e-Faculty of Aerospace Engineering ye-Islamabad Institute of Space Technology. Wenze ucwaningo olunzulu ngezinsimbi zezindiza kanye nezinzwa, amandla ekhompyutha, izakhiwo zezindiza kanye nezinto zokwakha, amasu okwenza ngcono, amarobhothi, kanye namandla ahlanzekile. Ngonyaka odlule wasebenza njengomeluleki ozimele emkhakheni wobunjiniyela bezindiza. Ukubhala ngobuchwepheshe bekulokhu kuyinqaba kaShahir. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uwina imiklomelo emincintiswaneni yamazwe ngamazwe noma uwina imincintiswano yokubhala yasendaweni, uyaphumelela. UShahir uthanda izimoto. Kusukela emijahweni ye-Formula 1 nokufunda izindaba zezimoto kuya emijahweni ye-kart, impilo yakhe igxile ezimotweni. Unentshisekelo ngemidlalo yakhe futhi uhlala ezama ukuthola isikhathi sayo. I-squash, ibhola, ikhilikithi, ithenisi kanye nemijaho yizinto azithandayo ajabulela ukuchitha isikhathi nazo.
Ukujuluka okushisayo, Shahr. (Mashi 22, 2022). Ukumelana nokuvuvukala kwe-nanomodified reactor alloy entsha kuhlaziywe. AJonano. Kuthathwe ngoSepthemba 11, 2022 ku-https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=38861.
Ukujuluka okushisayo, Shahr. “Ukuhlaziywa Kokumelana Nokuvuvukala Kwe-Nano-Modified Reactor Alloys Entsha”. AJonano.11 Septhemba 2022.11 Septhemba 2022.
Ukujuluka okushisayo, Shahr. “Ukuhlaziywa Kokumelana Nokuvuvukala Kwe-Nano-Modified Reactor Alloys Entsha”. AJonano. https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=38861. (Kusukela ngoSepthemba 11, 2022).
Ukujuluka okushisayo, Shahr. 2022. Ukuhlaziywa kokumelana nokuvuvukala kwama-alloy amasha e-reactor nanomodified. AZoNano, kufinyelelwe ngo-11 Septhemba 2022, https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=38861.
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