Sisebenzisa amakhukhi ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwakho. Ngokuqhubeka nokuphequlula leli sayithi, uyavumelana nokusebenzisa kwethu amakhukhi. Ulwazi Olwengeziwe.
Ocwaningweni olukhonjiswe ngaphambilini kuyi-Journal of Nuclear Materials, insimbi engagqwali esanda kwakhiwa enama-nanosized NbC precipitates (ARES-6) kanye nensimbi engagqwali engu-316 evamile yahlolwa ngaphansi kokushiswa kwemisebe ye-ion esindayo. Ukuziphatha kwangemva kokuvuvukala ukuqhathanisa izinzuzo ze-ARES-6.
Isifundo: Ukumelana nokuvuvukala kwensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ene-nanoscale NbC esabalaliswe ngokulinganayo ishona ngaphansi komsebe we-ion osindayo. Ikhredithi yesithombe: Parilov/Shutterstock.com
Izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-Austenitic (SS) zivame ukusetshenziswa njengezingxenye zangaphakathi ezikhiqiziwe kumareactor amanzi alula wesimanje lapho achayeka emisebeni ephezulu.
Ushintsho ku-morphology yezinsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic ekuthathweni kwe-neutron kuba nomthelela omubi kumapharamitha aphathekayo njengokuqiniswa kwemisebe kanye nokubola kokushisa. Imijikelezo yokuguqulwa, i-porosity, kanye nenjabulo yizibonelo ze-radiation-induced microstructure evolution evame ukutholakala kuzinsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ingaphansi kokunwetshwa kwe-vacuum okubangelwa imisebe, okungaholela ekucekeleni phansi okungaba yingozi kwezingxenye eziyinhloko ze-reactor. Ngakho-ke, ukusungulwa kwemishini yesimanje yenuzi ephila isikhathi eside kanye nokukhiqiza okuphezulu kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanganisela eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingamelana nemisebe eyengeziwe.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1970, kuye kwahlongozwa izindlela eziningi zokwakhiwa kwezinto ezikhipha imisebe. Njengengxenye yemizamo yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe, indima yezici eziyinhloko zokunwebeka kwe-vacuum isihloliwe. Kodwa noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokuthi izinsimbi ezingenasici eziphakeme ze-nickel austenitic zisengozini kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwemisebe ngenxa yokuwohloka kwe-helium droplet, izinsimbi ezingenasici eziphansi ze-austenite azikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kokugqwala okwanele ngaphansi kwezimo ezigqwalile. Kukhona futhi imikhawulo ethile yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe ngokulungisa ukucushwa kwe-alloy.
Enye indlela ukufaka izici ezihlukahlukene ze-microstructural ezingasebenza njengezindawo zokudonsa amanzi ngenxa yokwehluleka kwamaphuzu. Usinki ungaba negalelo ekumunceni amaphutha angaphakathi okubangwa ngemisebe, abambezele ukwakheka kwezimbobo neziyingi zokugudluza ezidalwe ukuqoqwa kwezikhala nezikhala.
Ukugudluka okuningi, imvula encane, kanye nezakhiwo eziyimbudumbudu kuye kwahlongozwa njengezibambisi ezingase zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe. Idizayini yomqondo wesivinini esiguqukayo kanye nezifundo zokuqaphela ezimbalwa ziveze izinzuzo zalezi zici ze-microstructural ekucindezeleni ukunwetshwa okuyize nokunciphisa ukuhlukaniswa kwengxenye ebangelwa yimisebe. Kodwa-ke, igebe liphulukisa kancane kancane ngaphansi kwethonya lemisebe futhi ayenzi ngokugcwele umsebenzi wendawo yokukhipha amanzi.
Abacwaningi basanda kukhiqiza insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic enenani eliqhathaniswayo le-nano-niobium carbide precipitates ehlakazwe ngokufanayo ku-matrix kusetshenziswa inqubo yezimboni yensimbi eyaqanjwa kamuva ngokuthi i-ARES-6.
Iningi lemvula kulindeleke ukuthi lihlinzeke ngezindawo zokucwila ezanele zokukhubazeka okungaphakathi kwemisebe, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe ye-ARES-6 alloys. Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona kwe-microscopic precipitates ye-niobium carbide akunikezi izakhiwo ezilindelekile zokumelana nemisebe ngokusekelwe ohlakeni.
Ngakho-ke, inhloso yalolu cwaningo kwakuwukuhlola umphumela omuhle we-niobium carbides encane ekwandiseni ukumelana. Imiphumela yesilinganiso sedosi ehlobene nokuphila isikhathi eside kwamagciwane e-nanoscale ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwamabhomu e-ion esindayo nayo iye yaphenywa.
Ukuphenya ukwanda kwegebe, ingxubevange ye-ARES-6 esanda kukhiqizwa ene-niobium nanocarbides ehlakazeke ngokufanayo yajabulisa insimbi yezimboni futhi yayiqhumisa ngama-nickel ions angu-5 MeV. Iziphetho ezilandelayo zisekelwe ezilinganisweni zokuvuvukala, izifundo ze-nanometer electron microscopy microstructure, kanye nezibalo zokwehla kwamandla.
Phakathi kwezakhiwo ze-microstructural ze-ARES-6P, ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-nanoniobium carbide precipitates kuyisizathu esibaluleke kakhulu sokwanda kwe-elasticity ngesikhathi sokuvuvukala, nakuba ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-nickel nakho kunendima. Njengoba kunikezwe imvamisa ephezulu yokufuduka, i-ARES-6HR ibonise ukunwetshwa okuqhathaniswa ne-ARES-6SA, iphakamisa ukuthi, naphezu kwamandla akhulayo wesakhiwo sethangi, ukufuduka ku-ARES-6HR kuphela akukwazi ukunikeza indawo ephumelelayo yokukhipha amanzi.
Ngemuva kokuqhunyiswa ngamabhomu ngama-ion asindayo, imvelo ye-nanoscale quasi-crystalline ye-precipitates ye-niobium carbide iyabhujiswa. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho kusetshenziswa indawo yokuqhuma kwebhomu ye-ion esindayo esetshenziswa kulo msebenzi, amagciwane amaningi ayevele akhona kumasampula angenawo imisebe ashabalala kancane kancane ku-matrix.
Nakuba umthamo wokudonsa amanzi we-ARES-6P kulindeleke ukuthi uphindwe kathathu kunepuleti lensimbi engagqwali engu-316, ukwanda okulinganiselwe kokunwetshwa cishe izikhathi eziyisikhombisa.
Ukuhlakazwa kwezimvula ze-niobium nanocarbide lapho kuchayeka ekukhanyeni kuchaza umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokumelana nokuvuvuka okulindelekile kanye nokwangempela kwe-ARES-6P. Kodwa-ke, i-nanoniobium carbide crystallites kulindeleke ukuthi ihlale isikhathi eside ngamanani aphansi wethamo, futhi ukunwebeka kwe-ARES-6P kuzothuthukiswa kakhulu ngokuzayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokuphehla amandla enuzi.
U-Shin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., & AlMousa, N. (2022). U-Shin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., & AlMousa, N. (2022). U-Shin, JH, Kong, BS, Chon, K., Eom, HJ, Jang, K., & Al-Musa, N. (2022). Shin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., & AlMousa, N. (2022). Shin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., & AlMousa, N. (2022). U-Shin, JH, Kong, BS, Chon, K., Eom, HJ, Jang, K., & Al-Musa, N. (2022).Ukumelana nokuvuvukala kwensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ene-nanosized NbC esabalaliswe ngokulinganayo ishona ngaphansi kokukhanya ngama-ion asindayo. Ijenali Yezinto Zenuzi. Itholakala ku: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022311522001714?via%3Dihub.
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UShahir uthweswe iziqu ku-Faculty of Aerospace Engineering e-Islamabad Institute of Space Technology. Wenze ucwaningo olubanzi kumathuluzi nezinzwa ze-aerospace, amandla e-computational, izakhiwo ze-aerospace nezinto zokwakha, amasu okuthuthukisa, amarobhothi, namandla ahlanzekile. Ngonyaka odlule usebenze njengomeluleki ozimele emkhakheni wobunjiniyela bezindiza. Ukubhala kobuchwepheshe bekulokhu kuyingcweti ka-Shahir. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uwina imiklomelo emiqhudelwaneni yamazwe ngamazwe noma uwina imiqhudelwano yasekhaya yokubhala, uyaphumelela. UShahir uthanda izimoto. Kusukela emjahweni weFormula 1 nokufunda izindaba zezimoto kuye emjahweni we-kart, impilo yakhe igxile ezimotweni. Uzifela ngomdlalo wakhe futhi uhlale ezama ukuthola isikhathi sawo. I-squash, ibhola lezinyawo, ikhilikithi, ithenisi kanye nokugijima yizinto azithandayo ajabulela ukuchitha isikhathi nazo.
Umjuluko oshisayo, Shahr. (Mashi 22, 2022). Ukumelana nokuvuvukala kwe-alloy entsha ye-nanomodified reactor kuhlaziywe. Azonano. Ibuyiselwe ngoSepthemba 11, 2022 kusukela ku-https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=38861.
Umjuluko oshisayo, Shahr. "Ukuhlaziywa Kokumelana Nokuvuvukala Kwe-Nano-Modified Reactor Alloys". Azonano.Septhemba 11, 2022.Septhemba 11, 2022.
Umjuluko oshisayo, Shahr. "Ukuhlaziywa Kokumelana Nokuvuvukala Kwe-Nano-Modified Reactor Alloys". Azonano. https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=38861. (Kusukela ngomhla ka-Septhemba 11, 2022).
Umjuluko oshisayo, Shahr. 2022. Ukuhlaziywa kokumelana nokuvuvukala kwama-alloys amasha we-reactor nanomodified. I-AZoNano, ifinyelelwe ngomhlaka-11 Septhemba 2022, https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=38861.
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