Sisebenzisa iikuki ukuphucula amava akho. Ngokuqhubeka ukhangela le sayithi, uyavuma ukuba sisebenzise iikuki. Ulwazi olongezelelweyo.
Kwisifundo esiboniswe kwangaphambili kwiJournal of Nuclear Materials, intsimbi engagqwali eyenziwe ngokutsha ene-NbC precipitates esasazwe ngokulinganayo (ARES-6) kunye nentsimbi engagqwali eqhelekileyo ye-316 zihlolwe phantsi kwemitha ye-ion enzima. Ukuziphatha emva kokudumba ukuze kuthelekiswe iingenelo ze-ARES-6.
Uphononongo: Ukumelana nokudumba kwentsimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ene-nanoscale esasazwe ngokulinganayo ye-NbC iyancipha phantsi kokukhanya okukhulu kwe-ion. Umfanekiso uvela ku: Parilov/Shutterstock.com
Iintsimbi ze-Austenitic stainless steels (SS) zihlala zisetyenziswa njengezinto zangaphakathi ezenziweyo kwii-reactors zamanzi okukhanya zanamhlanje apho zichatshazelwa khona kukukhanya okuphezulu kwemitha.
Utshintsho kwindlela ezimile ngayo iintsimbi ezingasebenziyo ze-austenitic xa zibanjwa yi-neutron luchaphazela kakubi iiparameter zomzimba ezifana nokuqina kwemitha kunye nokubola kobushushu. Imijikelo yokuguquka, ukubola, kunye nokuvuselela yimizekelo yokuguquka kwesakhiwo esibangelwa yimitha efumaneka rhoqo kwiintsimbi ezingasebenziyo ze-austenitic.
Ukongeza, intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-austenitic ixhomekeke ekwandisweni kwe-vacuum okubangelwa yimitha, okunokukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni okunokubulala kwezinto eziphambili ze-reactor. Ke ngoko, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kwi-reactors zenyukliya zanamhlanje ezihlala ixesha elide kunye nemveliso ephezulu kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezintsonkothileyo ezinokumelana nemitha engaphezulu.
Ukususela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1970, kuye kwacetyiswa iindlela ezininzi zokuphuhlisa izinto ezisebenzisa imitha. Njengenxalenye yemizamo yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemitha, indima yeempawu eziphambili zokwandiswa kwe-vacuum elasticity iye yafundwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iintsimbi ezingenasici ze-nickel austenitic eziphezulu zisengozini enkulu yokuqhekeka kwemitha ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwamaconsi e-helium, iintsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenite eziphantsi azinakuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo lokugqwala phantsi kweemeko zokugqwala. Kukwakho nemida ethile yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemitha ngokulungisa ulwakhiwo lwe-alloy.
Enye indlela kukubandakanya iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwo esincinci ezinokusebenza njengeendawo zokukhupha amanzi xa kunqongophala iindawo. Isinki inokuba negalelo ekufunxeni iziphene zangaphakathi ezibangelwa yimitha, ibambezele ukwakheka kwemingxunya kunye nezangqa zokufuduka ezidalwe kukuhlanganiswa kwezithuba kunye nezikhewu.
Kuye kwacetyiswa ukusasazeka okuninzi, iiprecipitates ezincinci, kunye nezakhiwo zegranular njengezinto ezifunxayo ezinokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemitha. Uyilo lwengcinga yesantya esiguqukayo kunye nezifundo ezininzi zokujonga zityhile iingenelo zezi mpawu zesakhiwo esincinci ekuthinteleni ukwanda kwento engenanto kunye nokunciphisa ukwahlukana kwezinto ezibangelwa yimitha. Nangona kunjalo, umsantsa uyaphola kancinci kancinci phantsi kwempembelelo yemitha kwaye awuwenzi ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi wendawo yokukhupha amanzi.
Abaphandi basandula ukuvelisa intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-austenitic enomlinganiselo ofanayo we-nano-niobium carbide precipitates esasazeke ngokulinganayo kwi-matrix kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokwenza intsimbi yemizi-mveliso eyathi kamva yabizwa ngokuba yi-ARES-6.
Uninzi lweeprecipitates kulindeleke ukuba zibonelele ngeendawo zokusinki ezaneleyo zeziphene zangaphakathi zemitha, ngaloo ndlela zonyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemitha yee-alloys ze-ARES-6. Nangona kunjalo, ukubakho kweeprecipitates ezincinci ze-niobium carbide akuboneleli ngeempawu ezilindelekileyo zokuxhathisa imitha ngokusekelwe kwisakhelo.
Ngoko ke, injongo yolu phononongo yayikukuvavanya isiphumo esihle se-niobium carbides encinci ekuchaseni ukwanda. Iziphumo zezinga ledosi ezinxulumene nobude bexesha leentsholongwane ze-nanoscale ngexesha lokuqhuma kwee-ion ezinzima nazo ziphandiwe.
Ukuze kuphandwe ukwanda kwesithuba, i-ARES-6 alloy entsha eveliswe nge-niobium nanocarbides ezisasazeke ngokulinganayo yavuselela intsimbi yezimboni yaza yayiqhumisa ngee-ion ze-nickel ze-5 MeV. Ezi zigqibo zilandelayo zisekelwe kumlinganiselo wokudumba, izifundo ze-nanometer electron microscopy microstructure, kunye nokubalwa kwamandla okuwa.
Phakathi kweempawu ze-microstructural ze-ARES-6P, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-nanoniobium carbide precipitates sesona sizathu sibalulekileyo sokwanda kokuqina ngexesha lokudumba, nangona uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-nickel nalo ludlala indima. Ngenxa yobuninzi bokufuduka, i-ARES-6HR ibonise ukwanda okufana ne-ARES-6SA, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba, nangona ulwakhiwo lwetanki lunamandla angaphezulu, ukufuduka kwi-ARES-6HR yodwa akunakubonelela ngendawo yokukhupha amanzi esebenzayo.
Emva kokuqhuma ngee-ions ezinzima, uhlobo lwe-nanoscale quasi-crystalline lwe-precipitates ye-niobium carbide luyatshatyalaliswa. Ngenxa yoko, xa kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokuqhuma kwee-ions ezinzima esisetyenzisiweyo kulo msebenzi, uninzi lweentsholongwane ezikhoyo kwiisampuli ezingakhanyiswanga zanyamalala kancinci kancinci kwi-matrix.
Nangona amandla okukhupha amanzi e-ARES-6P kulindeleke ukuba aphindwe kathathu kunepleyiti yentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-316, ukwanda okulinganisiweyo kokwandiswa kumalunga nezihlandlo ezisixhenxe.
Ukunyibilika kweeprecipitates ze-niobium nanocarbide xa zichatshazelwa kukukhanya kuchaza umahluko omkhulu phakathi kokuxhathisa okulindelweyo kunye nokwenyani kokudumba kwe-ARES-6P. Nangona kunjalo, iikristale ze-nanoniobium carbide kulindeleke ukuba zihlale ixesha elide ngamanani aphantsi edosi, kwaye ukuqina kokwanda kwe-ARES-6P kuya kuphucuka kakhulu kwixesha elizayo phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zesikhululo samandla enyukliya.
UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., kunye no-AlMousa, N. (2022). UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., kunye no-AlMousa, N. (2022). UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Chon, K., Eom, HJ, Jang, K., kunye no-Al-Musa, N. (2022). UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., kunye no-AlMousa, N. (2022). UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Jeong, C., Eom, HJ, Jang, C., kunye no-AlMousa, N. (2022). UShin, JH, Kong, BS, Chon, K., Eom, HJ, Jang, K., kunye no-Al-Musa, N. (2022).Ukumelana nokudumba kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-austenitic ene-nanosized NbC esasazwe ngokulinganayo iyancipha phantsi kokukhanya ngee-ion ezinzima. Ijenali yezixhobo zeNyukliya. Ifumaneka apha: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022311522001714?via%3Dihub.
Isikhanyeli: Iimbono ezivezwe apha zezombhali ngokwakhe kwaye azibonisi ngokuyimfuneko iimbono ze-AZoM.com Limited T/A AZoNetwork, umnini kunye nomqhubi wale webhusayithi. Esi sikhanyeli siyinxalenye yemigaqo yokusebenzisa le webhusayithi.
UShahir uphumelele kwiFakhalthi yoBunjineli beenqwelo-moya ye-Islamabad Institute of Space Technology. Wenze uphando olunzulu kwizixhobo zeenqwelo-moya kunye neenzwa, amandla ekhompyutha, izakhiwo zeenqwelo-moya kunye nezixhobo, iindlela zokwenza ngcono, iirobhothi, kunye namandla acocekileyo. Kunyaka ophelileyo usebenze njengomcebisi ozimeleyo kwicandelo lobunjineli beenqwelo-moya. Ukubhala ngobuchwephesha bekusoloko kuyinqaba kaShahir. Nokuba uphumelela amabhaso kwimincintiswano yamazwe ngamazwe okanye uphumelela imincintiswano yokubhala yasekuhlaleni, uyagqwesa. UShahir uthanda iimoto. Ukusuka kwimidyarho yeFormula 1 nokufunda iindaba zeemoto ukuya kwimidyarho yekart, ubomi bakhe bujikeleza kwiimoto. Unomdla kumdlalo wakhe kwaye uhlala ezama ukufumana ixesha lawo. I-Squash, ibhola ekhatywayo, ikhilikithi, itenisi kunye nemidyarho zezona zinto azithandayo achitha ixesha nazo.
Ukubila okushushu, Shahr. (Matshi 22, 2022). Ukumelana nokudumba kwe-nanomodified reactor alloy entsha kuhlalutywe. AJonano. Ithathwe nge-11 kaSeptemba, 2022 kwi-https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=38861.
Ukubila okushushu, Shahr. “Uhlalutyo lokuxhathisa ukudumba kwee-Nano-Modified Reactor Alloys ezintsha”. AJonano.Nge-11 kaSeptemba, ngo-2022.Nge-11 kaSeptemba, ngo-2022.
Ukubila okushushu, Shahr. “Uhlalutyo lokuxhathisa ukudumba kwee-Nano-Modified Reactor Alloys ezintsha”. AJonano. https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=38861. (Ukusukela nge-11 kaSeptemba, 2022).
Ukubila okushushu, Shahr. 2022. Uhlalutyo lokumelana nokudumba kwee-alloys ezintsha ze-reactor nanomodified. AZoNano, ifikelelwe nge-11 Septemba 2022, https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=38861.
Kolu dliwanondlebe, i-AZoNano ixoxa ngophuhliso lwe-nanodrive entsha ye-optical eqhutywa kukukhanya.
Kolu dliwanondlebe, sixoxa ngee-nanoparticle inks zokuvelisa iiseli zelanga ze-perovskite eziprintwayo ezingabizi kakhulu ezinokunceda lula utshintsho lobuchwepheshe ukuya kwizixhobo ze-perovskite ezithengiswayo.
Sithetha nabaphandi abaphambili kwinkqubela phambili yamva nje kuphando lwe-hBN graphene olunokukhokelela kuphuhliso lwezixhobo ze-elektroniki neze-quantum zesizukulwana esilandelayo.
Isixhobo seFilmetrics R54 esiphucukileyo sokumakisha ukumelana namaphepha kwiiwafer ze-semiconductor kunye ne-composite.
I-Filmetrics F40 iguqula imakroskopu yakho yedesktop ibe sisixhobo sokulinganisa ubukhulu kunye nesalathisi sokuqaqamba.
I-NL-UHV evela kwiNikalyte sisixhobo sanamhlanje sokwenza ii-nanoparticles kwi-vacuum ephezulu kakhulu kwaye zifakwe kwiisampuli ukuze zenze iindawo ezisebenzayo.