Pasinei nemutengo wakakwira, matangi emuchina wekudziisa mvura wesimbi isingatsvi anowanzo shandiswa zvakanaka pakuenzanisa mitengo yehupenyu uye anofanira kuratidzwa saizvozvo.
Mahita emvura epamba ndiwo chaiwo ebasa remuchina. Anowanzo sangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara uye basa rawo rakaoma harina kutariswa. Kudivi remvura rehita, zvicherwa, okisijeni, makemikari nemadhaka zvese zvinorwiswa. Kana zvasvika pakutsva, tembiricha yakakwira, kushushikana kwekupisa, uye flue gas condensate zvese zvinogona kukanganisa zvinhu.
Kana zvasvika pakugadzirisa, maheater emvura inopisa (DHW) epamba anenge asina hanya. Varidzi vedzimba vazhinji vanotora maheater avo emvura seasingakoshi uye vanongoaona chete kana asiri kushanda kana kubuda mvura. Tarisa anode rod? Sukurudza tsvina here? Pane hurongwa hwekugadzirisa here? Kanganwa, hatinetseki. Hazvishamisi kuti michina mizhinji yeDHW inogara kwenguva pfupi.
Nguva pfupi iyi inogona kuvandudzwa here? Kushandisa mahita eDHW akagadzirwa nesimbi isingatsvi ndiyo imwe nzira yekuwedzera hupenyu hwemunhu. Simbi isingatsvi chinhu chakasimba uye chinogara kwenguva refu chinopa simba riri nani pakurwiswa nemvura nemoto, zvichipa hita mukana wekupa hupenyu hurefu. Dambudziko rega resimbi isingatsvi ndiko kudhura kwezvinhu nekugadzirwa. Mumusika we hita dzeDHW une makwikwi makuru, mutengo wakadai wakakwira idambudziko guru rekukunda.
Simbi isina chinhu (stainless steel) izita rinowanzo shandiswa pakugadzira simbi dzine chromium inosvika 10.5%. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita se nickel, molybdenum, titanium uye kabhoni zvinogonawo kuwedzerwa kuti zvipe simba, simba uye kusimba kwengura. Kune misanganiswa yakasiyana-siyana yesimbi idzi dzakasiyana dzinogadzira "mhando" uye "mhando" dzesimbi isina chinhu. Kungoti chimwe chinhu chakagadzirwa nesimbi isina chinhu hakutauri nyaya yese.
Kana mumwe munhu akati "ndipei mapaipi epurasitiki" ungauye nei? PEX, CPVC, polyethylene? Mapaipi ese aya "epurasitiki", asi ese ane hunhu hwakasiyana, simba uye mashandisirwo akasiyana. Izvi zvinoshandawo kune simbi isingatsvedzi. Kune simbi isingatsvedzi inodarika 150, yese ine hunhu hwakasiyana uye mashandisirwo akasiyana. Simbi dzisingatsvedzi dzinoshandiswa muzvidziyo zvemvura zvepamba dzinowanzogadzirwa nesimbi shoma dzisingatsvedzi, dzinowanzo kuve mhando dze304, 316L, 316Ti uye 444.
Musiyano uripo pakati pemhando idzi ndewehuwandu hwesimbi dzakagadzirwa nesimbi. Dzese "300″ simbi dzisina ngura dzinenge 18% chromium uye 10% nickel. Magiredhi maviri aya ane 316 giredhi anewo 2% molybdenum, nepo 316Ti giredhi ine 1% titanium yakawedzerwa mumusanganiswa. Kana ichienzaniswa ne304, molybdenum inopa simba rekudzivirira ngura kune 316 giredhi, kunyanya simba rekudzivirira ngura kubva pakukombama uye kuputika munzvimbo dzine chloride. Titanium ye316Ti giredhi inoita kuti ive yakasimba uye irambe yakasimba. Giredhi 444 ine chromium nemolybdenum, asi haina nickel. Kazhinji, nickel, molybdenum, uye titanium yakawanda mumusanganiswa, simba rekudzivirira ngura riri nani, asiwo mutengo wakakwira. Kana mumwe munhu akati ane "stainless steel" water heater, nyatsotarisa magiredhi acho nekuti haana kunaka kwakafanana.
Simbi isina ngura inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvidziyo zvemvura. Inonyanya kushandiswa muzvidziyo zveDHW zvisina kunanga uye zvidziyo zvemvura zvisina tangi zvinodziya. Zvidziyo zvemvura zvisina kunanga zvine coil yemukati yekupisa yakabatana neboiler kana solar collector loop. Zvakawanda muEurope kupfuura muCanada nekuda kwekutonga kwemasystem eEuropean hydro nesolar water heating.
Kugadzirwa kwesimbi isina ngura kunoumba chikamu chikuru chemisika iyi yeEurope isina kunanga. MuCanada, matangi esimbi isina ngura nesimbi ine girazi anowanikwa, matangi esimbi isina ngura anowanzo kuve nemutengo wakakwira. Mumahita emvura asina tangi asina kunyorovesa, chinoshandiswa kupisa chinowanzogadzirwa nemhangura. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwemayuniti ekudziisa mvura, machinjisa ekupisa ese isimbi isina ngura kana musanganiswa wezvinhu zvinochinja kupisa zvesimbi isina ngura zvekutanga uye zvechipiri. Matangi emvura anofambiswa zvakananga anoramba ari mambo wemusika weCanada wezvidziisa mvura. Simbi yecarbon ine girazi ndiyo inonyanya kutonga chikamu ichi. Simbi isina ngura inowanzo shandiswa mumahita emvura asina tangi kana anoshandiswa zvakananga muzvidziisa mvura.
Kuti zviwedzere kushanda zvakanaka kwemidziyo iyi, gasi rinoyerera rinofanira kutonhodzwa pasi penzvimbo ine dova kuti ribudise kupisa kwakavanzika kwemafuta. Condensate inobuda imvura yakanyungudutswa kubva muzvigadzirwa zvinopisa zvegasi, ine pH yakaderera uye acidity yakakwira. Iyi acidic condensate inofanira kuiswa mudhireni kuti iraswe, asi dambudziko guru nderekuti inoparadza sei pamusoro penzvimbo dzinopisa mvura dzinopisa.
Zvishandiso zvinopisa zvakagadzirwa nesimbi yakajairika kana mhangura zvakaoma kutsungirira iyi flue gas condensate kwenguva yakareba. Simbi isina ngura isarudzo yakanaka yezvinhu nekuda kwekudzivirira kwayo ngura uye kuchinjika kwayo, zvichiita kuti igadzire maumbirwo akaomarara ekupisa. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzezvishandiso zvinopisa mvura zvisina tangi zvinoshandisa zvishandiso zvinopisa zvesimbi isina ngura. Izvi zvinovabvumira kukurudzira kunyorova kwegasi re flue mu heat exchanger uye zvinoguma ne EF ratings yakakwira inosvika 0.97.
Matangi emvura anodziya ane tekinoroji yekudziya mvura ari kutangawo kushandiswa kakawanda, kunyanya nekuchinja kwemitemo yekuvaka kunoda kushanda zvakanaka kweheater yemvura. Kune mhando mbiri dzezvivakwa dzakajairika mumusika uyu. Matangi ane girazi ari kuvaka ma "heat exchangers" akazara pasi pemvura. Kunze (kurutivi rwemvura) nemukati (kurutivi rwemoto) kwema "heat exchanger coils" ane girazi, uye mukati ma "glass-lined" anodzivirira kudziya kwemhepo. Matangi ane "tank-steel" ne "coil" hazvina kujairika, asi kune akawanda akadaro e "stainless steel" aripo.
Mutengo wekutanga wetangi rine girazi wakaderera zvechokwadi, uye nguva chete ndiyo icharatidza kuti chinochinja-chinja kupisa chicharamba chakakomba munzvimbo dzakaoma dzekupisa. Aya mahita emvura matsva emumatangi ane condensate anokwanisa kuwana kushanda kwepamusoro kupfuura mahita emvura echinyakare anoshandiswa zvakananga, ane kushanda zvakanaka kwekupisa kunobva pa90% kusvika 96%. Sezvo hurumende dzichiwedzera mitemo yekushanda zvakanaka kwezvidziya zvemvura, tine chokwadi chekuona mahita emvura emumatangi ane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro achipinda mumusika.
Tarisa zvakanyanya matangi emvura anodziya uye uchaona kuti mhando zhinji dzematangi anodziya zvakananga, asina kujeka mukati, uye anochengeterwa zvinhu zvakananga ane girazi uye simbi isina ngura.
Saka, ndezvipi zvakanakira simbi isina ngura kupfuura girazi rakaiswa mugirazi? Unoita sei kuti vatengi vade kuisa mari yakawanda mumatangi esimbi isina ngura? Chinhu chikuru chakanakira simbi isina ngura ndechekuti inorwisa ngura nemvura yakachena, izvo zvinowedzera hupenyu hwebasa rayo. Nekuda kwekuumbwa kwayo nesimbi dzinorwisa ngura, matangi esimbi asina ngura akasimba uye anogara kwenguva refu kupfuura matangi akaiswa mugirazi. Matangi esimbi asina ngura ane chinodzivirira oxide kurutivi rwemvura kudzivirira ngura.
Matangi ane magirazi, kune rumwe rutivi, anoshandisa magirazi akafukidzwa kuti ape chipingamupinyi pakati pesimbi yekabhoni nemvura. Kana zvichibvira, okisijeni nemakemikoro ari mumvura zvinorwisa simbi uye zvinoiparadza nekukurumidza. Sezvo zvisingaite kuisa chero chifukidziro chekudzivirira zvakakwana (pasina mitswe midiki kana zvikanganiso zvemaburi muchikamu chekudzivirira), matangi ane magirazi akafukidzwa nematanda eanode akaiswa mukati metangi.
Matavi eanode anotsakatika anozopera nekufamba kwenguva, uye kana maitiro acho apera, electrolysis inotanga kuparadza nzvimbo dzesimbi dziri mukati metangi. Kukurumidza kweanode kunopera kunoenderana nehunhu hwemvura uye huwandu hwemvura inoshandiswa. Anode dzechibayiro dzinowanzogara makore matatu kusvika mashanu, uye anode dzinogona kutsiviwa kudzivirira kukuvara kwakawanda.
Kutaura zvazviri, kuongororwa nguva dzose nekutsiviwa kwema anode kunowanzo regeredzwa, uye tangi rinodonhedza mvura, zvichiita kuti mudziyo wese utsiviwe. Kusiyana nematangi akafukidzwa negirazi, matangi esimbi isina ngura haadi "anode dzezvibayiro" kudzivirira ngura pamusoro pawo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hapana chikonzero chekuongorora kana kutsiva anode, zvichichengetedza nguva yekugadzirisa uye mari yehupenyu hwese hwechitofu chemvura.
Nekuda kwekugara kwenguva refu uku uye kuramba ngura, kazhinji uchaona kuti matangi esimbi isina ngura ane vimbiso refu, vamwe vagadziri vachipa vimbiso dzehupenyu hwese kumatangi.
Matangi esimbi isina ngura ane mukana wekuti akareruka kana tichienzanisa nematangi ane girazi, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kutakura, kubata uye kuisa. Ukobvu hwemadziro esimbi isina ngura inoshandiswa mumatangi hunowanzova hutete kupfuura matangi esimbi akafanana ane girazi. Pamwe chete nehuremu hwegirazi rakaiswa, magaba ane girazi anowanzova anorema zvakanyanya.
Kusiyana nemabhodhoro akaputirwa negirazi, mabhodhoro esimbi isina ngura haadi kutarisirwa zvakanyanya pakutumira, uye jira regirazi rinogona kukuvara panguva yekutumira. Kana jira regirazi retangi rakakuvara kana kutsemuka nekuda kwekubata zvisina kunaka panguva yekutumira kana kuisa, hazvizozivikanwe kusvika tangi rapera basa nguva isati yakwana.
Matangi esimbi isina ngura anowanzo kwanisa kutsungirira tembiricha yepamusoro yemvura kupfuura matangi ane girazi, uye tembiricha inodarika 180F haizokonzere matambudziko. Mamwe matangi ane girazi anowanzo shushikana kana tembiricha yakakwira, zvichikonzera njodzi yakakura yekukuvadzwa negirazi. Tembiricha inodarika 160F inogona kuva dambudziko kune mamwe magirazi. Mashandisirwo akadai sema solar water heaters nemamwe maindasitiri ebhizinesi anogona kuona zvinodiwa pakuchengetedza mvura tembiricha yakakwira.
Zvinokurudzirwa kubvunza mugadziri wematangi ane girazi kuti uwane tembiricha yepamusoro inokurudzirwa yekushandisa. Matangi esimbi asina ngura anowanzo kuve sarudzo iri nani pakushandisa tembiricha yepamusoro.
Hapana mubvunzo kuti mutengo wekutanga wetangi resimbi isina ngura wakakwira kupfuura wetangi rakafukidzwa negirazi. Asi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvataurwa pano, mutengo wehupenyu hwetangi rakafukidzwa negirazi unogona kuwedzera. Pakuenzanisa mitengo iyi yehupenyu, matangi esimbi isina ngura anowanzo kuve anobudirira mumutengo kwenguva refu uye anofanira kuratidzwa kune vatengi.
Robert Waters is President of Solar Water Services Inc., which provides training, education and support services to the hydroelectric power industry.He is a Mechanical Engineering Technology graduate from Humber College with over 30 years experience in circulating water and solar water heating.He can be reached at solwatservices@gmail.com.
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AD Canada inotungamira chiitiko chekutanga chekudyidzana kwevakadzi muindasitiri. https://www.hpacmag.com/human-resources/ad-canada-holds-first-women-in-industry-network-event/1004133708/
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Action Furnace 收购 Direct Energy Alberta。https://www.hpacmag.com/heat-plumbing-air-conditioning-general/action-furnace-acquires-direct-energy-alberta/1004133702/
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