Enkosi ngokubhalisela iFiziksi yeHlabathi Ukuba ungathanda ukutshintsha iinkcukacha zakho nangaliphi na ixesha, nceda undwendwele iakhawunti yam
Ubusi kunye nezinye izinto ezimanzi ezixineneyo kakhulu zihamba ngokukhawuleza kunamanzi kwii-capillaries ezigqunywe ngokukhethekileyo. Oku kumangalisayo kufunyenwe nguMaja Vuckovac kunye noogxa bakhe kwiYunivesithi yase-Aalto eFinland, ababonise ukuba esi siphumo sichasene nokungaqondakali sivela ekuthintelweni kokuhamba kwangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwamaconsi axineneyo. Iziphumo zabo ziphikisana ngokuthe ngqo neemodeli zangoku zethiyori zendlela ulwelo oluhamba ngayo kwii-capillaries ezixineneyo kakhulu.
Intsimi ye-microfluidics ibandakanya ukulawula ukuhamba kolwelo kwiindawo ezixineneyo ze-capillaries—ngokuqhelekileyo kukwenziwa kwezixhobo zezicelo zonyango. Ulwelo olune-viscosity ephantsi lulungele ii-microfluidics kuba luhamba ngokukhawuleza nangokulula. Ulwelo olune-viscous olungakumbi lungasetyenziswa ngokuluqhuba kuxinzelelo oluphezulu, kodwa oku kwandisa uxinzelelo loomatshini kwizakhiwo ze-capillary ezibuthathaka—okunokukhokelela ekungasebenzini.
Kungenjalo, ukuhamba kwamanzi kungakhawuleziswa kusetyenziswa i-superhydrophobic coating equlethe ii-micro- kunye ne-nanostructures ezibamba ii-cushion zomoya. Ezi cushion zinciphisa kakhulu indawo yoqhagamshelwano phakathi kolwelo nomphezulu, nto leyo enciphisa ukungqubana - okwandisa ukuhamba kwamanzi ngama-65%. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwethiyori yangoku, la mazinga okuhamba kwamanzi ayaqhubeka ehla ngokunyuka kwe-viscosity.
Iqela likaVuckovac livavanye le ngcamango ngokujonga amathontsi ane-viscosities ezahlukeneyo njengoko umxhuzulane wawuwatsala kwi-capillaries ezithe nkqo ezine-superhydrophobic inner coatings. Njengoko ehamba ngesantya esingaguqukiyo, amathontsi acinezela umoya ongaphantsi kwawo, edala i-gradient yoxinzelelo efana naleyo ikwi-piston.
Nangona amathontsi abonise ulwalamano oluchaseneyo olulindelekileyo phakathi kwe-viscosity kunye nesantya sokuhamba kwamanzi kwiityhubhu ezivulekileyo, xa elinye okanye omabini amacala evaliwe, imithetho yayijikwa ngokupheleleyo. Isiphumo sasibonakala kakhulu ngamathontsi e-glycerol—nangona amathontsi amathathu ubukhulu e-viscous kunamanzi, ayehamba ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kwamaxesha ali-10 kunamanzi.
Ukuze kufunyanwe ifiziksi engasemva kwesi siphumo, iqela likaVuckovac langenisa amasuntswana e-tracer kumaconsi. Ukuhamba kwamasuntswana ngokuhamba kwexesha kwatyhila ukuhamba okukhawulezayo kwangaphakathi ngaphakathi kweconsi elingaxineneyo kangako. Oku kuhamba kubangela ukuba ulwelo lungene kwizakhiwo ezincinci nezincinci kwi-coating. Oku kunciphisa ubukhulu be-coating yomoya, kuthintela umoya oxinzelelweyo phantsi kweconsi ukuba ungacinezeli ukuze ulinganisele i-gradient yoxinzelelo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-glycerin ayinawo phantse ukuhamba kwangaphakathi okubonakalayo, okuthintela ukungena kwayo kwi-coating. Oku kubangela ukuba i-coating yomoya ibe nkulu, okwenza kube lula ukuba umoya ongaphantsi kwe-drop uye kwelinye icala.
Besebenzisa iingqwalasela zabo, iqela liphuhlise imodeli ehlaziyiweyo ye-hydrodynamic eqikelela ngcono indlela amathontsi ahamba ngayo kwii-capillaries ezineengubo ezahlukeneyo ze-superhydrophobic. Ngomsebenzi oqhubekayo, iziphumo zabo zinokukhokelela kwiindlela ezintsha zokwenza izixhobo ze-microfluidic ezikwaziyo ukuphatha iikhemikhali kunye namayeza antsonkothileyo.
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