Mahalo no kou kau inoa ʻana no Physical World Inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻololi i kāu ʻike i kēlā me kēia manawa, e kipa mai i kaʻu moʻokāki.
ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ke kahe ʻana o ka meli a me nā wai ʻē aʻe he nui ma mua o ka wai i loko o nā capillaries i uhi kūikawā ʻia. Ua hana ʻia ka ʻike kupanaha e Maja Vuckovac a me nā hoa hana ma ke Kulanui ʻo Aalto ma Finland, nāna i hōʻike pū i kēia hopena counterintuitive mai ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kahe kūloko i loko o nā kulu wai ʻoi aku ka viscous. Kūʻē pololei kā lākou mau hopena i nā hiʻohiʻona theoretical o kēia manawa o ke kahe ʻana o nā wai i loko o nā capillaries superhydrophobic.
ʻO ke kahua o ka microfluidics e pili ana i ka kaohi ʻana i ke kahe o nā wai ma o nā wahi paʻa o nā capillaries—ʻo ka mea maʻamau no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana no nā noi lapaʻau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā wai viscosity haʻahaʻa no nā microfluidics no ka mea ke kahe wikiwiki nei lākou a me ka maʻalahi. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā wai viscous hou aʻe ma ka hoʻokele ʻana iā lākou i nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe, akā hoʻonui kēia i ke kaumaha mechanical i loko o nā ʻano capillary palupalu—hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule ʻana.
ʻOkoʻa, hiki ke hoʻolalelale ʻia ke kahe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi uhi superhydrophobic i loaʻa nā micro- a me nā nanostructures e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā uluna ea. Hoʻemi nui kēia mau uluna i ka wahi pili ma waena o ka wai a me ka ʻili, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka friction - e hoʻonui ana i ke kahe ma 65%. Eia nō naʻe, e like me ke kumumanaʻo o kēia manawa, e hoʻomau ana kēia mau helu kahe e emi me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka viscosity.
Ua hoʻāʻo ka hui o Vuckovac i kēia kumumanaʻo ma ka nānā ʻana i nā kulu wai o nā viscosities like ʻole i ka huki ʻana o ka umekaumaha iā lākou mai nā capillaries kū pololei me nā uhi kūloko superhydrophobic. I ko lākou hele ʻana i ka wikiwiki mau, hoʻopili nā kulu wai i ka ea ma lalo o lākou, e hana ana i kahi gradient kaomi e like me ka mea i loko o ka piston.
ʻOiai ua hōʻike nā kulu wai i ka pilina inverse i manaʻo ʻia ma waena o ka viscosity a me ka nui o ke kahe ʻana i loko o nā ʻōmole hāmama, i ka wā i sila ʻia ai kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​weʻe ʻelua, ua hoʻohuli loa ʻia nā lula. ʻOi aku ka hopena me nā kulu wai glycerol—ʻoiai he 3 mau kauoha o ka nui o ka viscosity ma mua o ka wai, ua kahe ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mau manawa wikiwiki ma mua o ka wai.
No ka wehe ʻana i ke ʻano o ka physics ma hope o kēia hopena, ua hoʻokomo ka hui o Vuckovac i nā ʻāpana tracer i loko o nā droplets. Ua hōʻike ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻāpana i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa i kahi kahe wikiwiki o loko i loko o ka droplet viscous liʻiliʻi. ʻO kēia mau kahe e hoʻoulu ai i ke kahe e komo i loko o nā ʻano micro- a me nano-scale i loko o ka uhi. Hoʻemi kēia i ka mānoanoa o ka cushion ea, e pale ana i ka ea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma lalo o ka droplet mai ke komo ʻana e kaulike i ke kaomi gradient. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻaneʻane ʻaʻohe kahe kūloko o ka glycerin, e kāohi ana i kona komo ʻana i loko o ka uhi. ʻO ka hopena o kēia i kahi cushion ea mānoanoa, e maʻalahi ai ka neʻe ʻana o ka ea ma lalo o ka hāʻule i kekahi ʻaoʻao.
Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā lākou mau nānā ʻana, ua hoʻomohala ka hui i kahi kumu hoʻohālike hydrodynamic hou e wānana maikaʻi ana i ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana o nā droplets ma o nā capillaries me nā uhi superhydrophobic like ʻole. Me ka hana hou aku, hiki i kā lākou mau ʻike ke alakaʻi i nā ala hou e hana ai i nā mea microfluidic i hiki ke lawelawe i nā kemika a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau paʻakikī.
He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ʻo Physics World o ka misionari a IOP Publishing e hoʻolaha i ka noiʻi a me ka hana hou o ka honua i ka lehulehu ākea loa. ʻO ka pūnaewele kekahi ʻāpana o ka waihona Physics World, kahi e hāʻawi ai i kahi hōʻiliʻili o nā lawelawe ʻike pūnaewele, kikohoʻe a me ka paʻi i ke kaiāulu ʻepekema honua.