URob Koltz kunye noDave Meyer baxoxa ngeempawu ze-ferritic (magnetic) kunye ne-austenitic (non-magnetic) zeentsimbi ezingenasici ezidityaniswayo. I-Getty Images
Q: Ndiyitshixa itanki yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-316 engenamagnethi. Ndiqalise ukutshixa iitanki zamanzi ngentambo ye-ER316L ndaza ndafumanisa ukuba ii-welds zazinemagnethi. Ingaba kukho into endiyenzayo engalunganga?
A: Mhlawumbi akukho nto umele uyixhalabele. Kuqhelekile ukuba ii-welds ezenziwe nge-ER316L zitsale i-magnetism, kwaye amaphepha aqengqelekayo kunye namaphepha angama-316 adla ngokungatsali i-magnetism.
Ii-alloys zentsimbi zikhona kwiinqanaba ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kubushushu kunye nenqanaba lokusebenzisa i-doping, oko kuthetha ukuba ii-athomu kwisinyithi zicwangciswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iinqanaba ezimbini eziqhelekileyo yi-austenite kunye ne-ferrite. I-Austenite ayinamandla ombane, ngelixa i-ferrite inamandla ombane.
Kwintsimbi yekhabhoni eqhelekileyo, i-austenite linqanaba elikhoyo kuphela xa kushushu kakhulu, kwaye njengoko intsimbi iphola, i-austenite ijika ibe yi-ferrite. Ke ngoko, kubushushu begumbi, intsimbi yekhabhoni inomtsalane.
Ezinye iintlobo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, kuquka i-304 kunye ne-316, zibizwa ngokuba ziintsimbi ezingagqwaliyo ze-austenitic kuba isigaba sazo esiphambili yi-austenite kubushushu begumbi. Ezi ntsimbi zingagqwaliyo ziyaqina zibe yi-ferrite kwaye ziguqukele kwi-austenite xa zipholile. Iipleyiti zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ze-Austenitic kunye namaphepha aphantsi kolawulo lokupholisa nokuqengqeleka okuguqula ngokubanzi yonke i-ferrite ibe yi-austenite.
Phakathi kwinkulungwane yama-20, kwafunyaniswa ukuba xa kudityaniswa iintsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic, ubukho be-ferrite ethile kwisinyithi se-weld buthintela ukuqhekeka okunokwenzeka xa isinyithi se-filler singenasici ngokupheleleyo. Ukuthintela ukuqhekeka okuncinci, uninzi lweentsimbi ze-filler zeentsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic ziqulathe phakathi kwe-3% kunye ne-20% ye-ferrite, ngoko ke zitsala iimagnethi. Enyanisweni, ii-sensors ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umxholo we-ferrite wee-welds zensimbi engenasici zinokulinganisa nenqanaba lokutsala kwemagnethi.
I-316 isetyenziswa kwezinye iinkqubo apho kubalulekile ukunciphisa iimpawu zemagnethi ze-weld, kodwa oku akufuneki rhoqo kwiitanki. Ndiyathemba ukuba ungaqhubeka nokufaka i-solder ngaphandle kweengxaki.
I-WELDER, eyayisakuba yi-Practical Welding Today, imele abantu bokwenene abenza iimveliso esizisebenzisayo nesisebenza ngazo yonke imihla. Le magazini ibikhonza uluntu oludibanisa iintsimbi eMntla Melika kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-20.
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