Rob Koltz na Dave Meyer baganira ku biranga ibyuma bitagira amashanyarazi bishobora gusudira (magnetic) na austenitic (non-magnetic). Getty Images
Q: Ndimo gusudira ikigega cy'icyuma kidakoresha ingufu za rukuruzi cya 316. Natangiye gusudira ibigega by'amazi nkoresheje insinga za ER316L maze nsanga ibyo byuma bisudira bifite ingufu za rukuruzi. Ese hari icyo nkora kitari cyiza?
A: Nta kintu na kimwe ugomba guhangayikishwa nacyo. Ni ibisanzwe ko imashini zisudira zikozwe na ER316L zikurura magnetism, kandi impapuro zizungurutse n'impapuro 316 akenshi ntibikurura magnetism.
Ibyuma bivanze bibaho mu byiciro bitandukanye bitewe n'ubushyuhe n'urwego rwa doping, bivuze ko atome ziri mu byuma zitondetse mu buryo butandukanye. Ibyiciro bibiri bikunze kugaragara ni austenite na ferrite. Austenite ntabwo ari magnetic, mu gihe ferrite ari magnetic.
Mu byuma bisanzwe bya karuboni, austenite ni icyiciro kibaho gusa iyo ubushyuhe bwinshi bukabije, kandi uko icyuma gikonja, austenite ihinduka ferrite. Kubwibyo, iyo ubushyuhe bw'icyumba, icyuma cya karuboni kiba gifite imbaraga za rukuruzi.
Ibyiciro bimwe na bimwe by'ibyuma bitagira umugese, harimo 304 na 316, byitwa ibyuma bitagira umugese bya austenitike kuko igice cyabyo nyamukuru ari austenitike ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba. Ibi byuma bitagira umugese bikomera bikaba ferrite kandi bigahinduka austenite iyo bikonje. Amasahani n'amabati bya austenitike bigenzurwa no gukonjesha no kuzingurura, muri rusange bigahindura ferrite yose muri austenite.
Hagati mu kinyejana cya 20, byavumbuwe ko iyo urimo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umushongi bya austenitic, kuba hari ferrite mu byuma bitagira umushongi birinda uduce duto (uduce duto) dushobora kubaho iyo icyuma gikozwe muri austenitic kidafite umushongi burundu. Kugira ngo hirindwe uduce duto, ibyuma byinshi bikozwe muri austenitic bifite ferrite iri hagati ya 3% na 20%, bityo bikurura magnets. Mu by'ukuri, ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gupima ferrite mu byuma bitagira umushongi bishobora no gupima urwego rw'ikurura magnetism.
316 ikoreshwa mu bikorwa bimwe na bimwe aho ari ngombwa kugabanya imiterere ya rukuruzi y'icyuma gisudira, ariko ibi ntibikunze gukoreshwa mu matangi. Ndizera ko ushobora gukomeza gusodera nta kibazo.
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