Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā paipu i nā paipu metala a me nā paipu ʻole. ʻO nā paipu nickel alloy, a me nā paipu keleawe, he mau paipu haoʻole. hoʻohana nui ʻia nā paipu kalapona.
ʻO ke kila kila ka mea i hoʻohana nuiʻia ma kaʻoihana, e helu ana no kaʻoi aku o ka 90% o ka nui o ka hana kila. Ma muli o ke kalapona kalapona, ua māhele houʻia nā kila kalapona iʻekolu mauʻano:
Ma nā kila i hoʻohuiʻia, hoʻohanaʻia nāʻano likeʻole o nā mea hoʻohui e hoʻokō i nā mea i makemakeʻia (i hoʻomaikaʻi) e like me ka weldability, ductility, machinability, strength, hardenability and corrosion resistance, etc.
ʻO ke kila kila he kila kila me ka chromium maʻiʻo o 10.5% (ka liʻiliʻi). Hōʻike ke kila kila ma muli o ka hoʻokumuʻiaʻana o kahi papa Cr2O3 lahilahi loa ma luna o kaʻili. waiwai.Stainless kila no hoi i okoa ka nui o kalapona, silika a me manganese.Stainless kila ua hou helu 'ia e like me:
Ma waho aʻe o nā māka i luna, kekahi mau māka kiʻekiʻe (a i ʻole nā ​​māka kūikawā) i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana:
Loaʻa i nā kila kila ka nui o ke kalapona (0.5% a hiki i ka 1.5%). ʻO ka nui o ke kalapona e hāʻawi i ka paʻakikī a me ka ikaika.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mau paipu i ka ʻoihana kaʻina hana. ʻOkoʻa nā koho ASTM a me ASME no nā paipu, akā ʻokoʻa nā pae waiwai.
ʻO ka haku mele a me nā waiwai ma nā code ASME a me ASTM he ʻano like ia koe wale nō ka inoa. ʻO ka ikaika tensile o ASTM A 106 Gr A ʻo 330 Mpa, ASTM A 106 Gr B he 415 Mpa, a ʻo ASTM A 106 Gr C ʻo 485 Mpa. ʻO ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ASTM 106 ka paipu hao kila he ASTM A 6. Gr A 330 Mpa, ASTM A 53 (Hot Dip Galvanized or Line Pipe), ʻo ia hoʻi kahi papa i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka paipu kila kalapona no ka paipu.
Ua māhele ʻia ʻo ASTM A 53 Pipe i ʻekolu ʻano - Type E (ERW - Resistance Welded), Type F (Furnace and Butt Welded), Type S (Seamless). loaʻa.ʻO ka ikaika tensile o ASTM A 53 Gr A paipu e like me ASTM A 106 Gr A ma 330 Mpa. ʻO ka ikaika tensile o ASTM A 53 Gr B paipu like me ASTM A 106 Gr B ma 415 Mpa. E uhi ana kēia i nā paipu kalapona kila i hoʻohana nuiʻia i kaʻoihana hana.
ʻO nā paipu kila kila i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana hana i kapa ʻia ʻo austenitic stainless steel. ʻO ke ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka austenitic stainless steel ʻo ia ka non-magnetic a i ʻole paramagnetic.
He 18 mau māka ma kēia kikoʻī, ʻo ia ka 304 L ka mea maʻamau.
Hoʻopili kēia kikoʻī i nā paipu welded anawaena nui. ʻO nā papa hana paipu i uhi ʻia i kēia kikoʻī ʻo ka Hōʻike 5S a me ka Hōʻike 10.
Weldability o Austenitic Stainless Steels - Austenitic kuhiliʻole kila iʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe wela ma mua o ka ferritic a martensitic kuhiliʻole steels. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ka wili arc (SAW) i ka wā e pono ai nā welds piha austenitic stainless a i ʻole haʻahaʻa ferrite content welds. ʻO ka papaʻaina (Appendix-1) he alakaʻi no ke koho ʻana i ka uea hoʻopihapiha kūpono a i ʻole electrode e pili ana i ke kumu kumu (no nā mea kila kila austenitic).
He kūpono ka pahu Chromium molybdenum no nā laina lawelawe wela kiʻekiʻe no ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻololi ʻia ka ikaika o ka tensile o ka chrome molybdenum tubing i ka wā kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu hao hao no ka puhi ahi, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ka wai, ka hana kaumaha (ma lalo o ka hana kaumaha) - nā paipu ma lalo o ka honua a me nā lawelawe ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā māka o nā paipu hao hao:
Ductile hao paipu ua hoʻohana 'ia ma lalo o ka lepo paipu no ke ahi services.Dürr paipu mea paakiki ma muli o ke alo o ka silicon.These paipu ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka hana 'akika kalepa, e like me ka papa hōʻike kū'ē kū'ē 'ana i kaʻakika kalepa, a no ka wai lapaʻau e hoʻokuʻu ai kaʻawaʻawa.
Ua loaʻa iā Nirmal Surendran Menon kahi Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering mai Anna University, Tamil Nadu, India ma 2005 a he Master of Science in Project Management mai ka National University of Singapore ma 2010. Aia ʻo ia i ka ʻoihana aila / kinoea / petrochemical. Ke hana nei ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he ʻenekinia kahua ma kahi papahana LNG liquefaction ma ke komohana hema Louisiana.
Loaʻa iā Ashish ke kēkelē laepua ma ka ʻenekinia a ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 mau makahiki o ke komo nui ʻana i ka ʻenekinia, ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi / ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi, ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka mea kūʻai aku / ka nānā ʻana, ke kūʻai ʻana, ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai, ka wiliwili, ka hana ʻana, ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka subcontracting.
Loaʻa pinepine ka ʻaila a me ke kinoea ma nā wahi mamao mai ke keʻena nui o ka hui. I kēia manawa, hiki ke nānā i ka hana ʻana o ka pauma, hoʻonohonoho a hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻikepili seismic, a hahai i nā limahana a puni ka honua mai nā wahi āpau.
E hoʻopaʻa inoa iā OILMAN I kēia lā, he nūpepa ʻelua pule i hāʻawi ʻia i kāu pahu pahu me nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i nā nūhou ʻoihana aila a me ke kinoea, nā hanana o kēia manawa a me ka ʻike ʻoihana.