Umbhobho we-welded wentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-201 wombhobho wokukhupha umoya
Inkcazo emfutshane:
Umbhobho wentsimbi engenasingqi / ityhubhu
1.: Ibanga: 201 202 304 304l 316 316l 409 409H 410 430 njl.
2. Umgangatho:ASTM DIN JIS AISI GB
3. Umphezulu: 2B BA NO.4 Isipili 320# 380# 400#600# 800#
4.Ubude: 6M 11.5 M 12M okanye ngokweemfuno zakho.
5.OD : Ityhubhu ejikelezileyo 9.52-219MM Umqolo ojikelezayo :10*10-150-150
6. Ukupakisha kwangaphakathi
Ingxowa yeLastiki
7. Ukupakisha kwangaphandle: Ibhokisi / Ukupakisha okulukiweyo / komthi
8.Od:+/- 0.2mm, Ubukhulu: +/- 0.02mm
Iimveliso zekhoyili yentsimbi engagqwali:
ityhubhu yekhoyili yentsimbi engatyiwayo
ikhoyili yetyhubhu yentsimbi engatyiwayo
ityhubhu yekhoyili yentsimbi engatyiwayo
umbhobho wekhoyili yentsimbi engatyiwayo
abathengisi beetyhubhu zekhoyili yentsimbi engagqwaliyo
abavelisi beetyhubhu ze-coil zentsimbi engagqwaliyo
ikhoyili yombhobho wentsimbi engatyiwayo
Uhlobo:welding
Umgangatho: ASTM A554 JIS, DIN
Ibanga: 201,202, 304,304L,316,316L,409,430, njl.
Ubungakanani: Umbhobho ojikelezayo: OD 8-219m
Umbhobho wesikwere: OD 10x10mm -150x150mm
Umbhobho woxande: 10x20mm ukuya kwi-120x180mm
Ubukhulu: 0.2-4.0mm
Umphezulu wombhobho: 180G, 320G, 400G, 500G, 600G, iSatin, umgca weenwele, 2B, i-BA, isibuko, 8K
Ubude bombhobho: 5.8m 6M 11.85M 12m
Isicelo:
1. Ukusetyenziswa kwemihlobiso (indlela, ibhulorho yokuphatha, isitishi, indawo yokumisa ibhasi, isikhululo seenqwelo-moya kunye nejimu
2. Ulwakhiwo kunye nokuhombisa
3. Indawo yemizi-mveliso (ipetroli, ukutya, iikhemikhali, iphepha, isichumisi, ilaphu, uhambo ngenqwelomoya kunye nenyukliya
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga nombhobho/ityhubhu yentsimbi engagqwaliyo, nceda unxibelelane nathi.
| Ityhubhu yentsimbi yesikwere (mm) | Ityhubhu yentsimbi engunxande (mm) | Ityhubhu yentsimbi ejikelezileyo (mm) |
| 10×10×0.6~3.0 | 10×20×0.6~3.0 | 6×0.6~1.0 |
| 15×15×0.6~3.0 | 20×30×0.6~3.0 | 12×0.6~1.5 |
| 20×20×0.6~3.0 | 20×40×0.6~3.0 | 13×0.6~1.5 |
| 25×25×0.6~3.0 | 25×50×0.6~3.5 | 16×0.6~2.0 |
| 30×30×0.6~3.5 | 30×50×0.6~3.5 | 19×0.6~3.0 |
| 40×40×0.6~3.5 | 40×60×0.6~3.5 | 20×0.6~3.0 |
| 50×50×0.6~3.5 | 40×80×0.6~3.5 | 22×0.6~3.0 |
| 60×60×0.6~3.5 | 60×80×1.0~6.0 | 25×0.6~3.0 |
| 70×70×0.6~3.5 | 50×100×1.0~6.0 | 27×0.6~3.0 |
| 75×75×0.6~3.5 | 60×120×1.0~6.0 | 32×0.6~3.0 |
| 80×80×1.0~6.0 | 80×120×2.0~8.0 | 40×0.6~3.5 |
| 100×100×2.0~8.0 | 80×160×2.0~8.0 | 38×0.6~3.0 |
| 120×120×2.0~8.0 | 100×150×2.0~8.0 | 48×0.6~3.5 |
| 150×150×2.0~8.0 | 100×200×2.0~8.0 | 60×0.6~3.5 |
| 200×200×4.0~16.0 | 150×250×4.0~12.0 | 76×0.6~3.5 |
| 250×250×4.0~16.0 | 200×300×4.0~16.0 | 89×1.0~6.0 |
| 300×300×4.0~16.0 | 300×400×4.0~16.0 | 104×1.0~6.0 |
| 400×400×4.0~16.0 | 300×500×4.0~16.0 | 114×1.0~6.0 |
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zombhobho wokupholisha intsimbi engagqwaliyo:
| Ibanga | Ulwakhiwo, % | |||||||||
| Ikhabhoni, | IManga- | I-Phos- | Isalfure, | I-silicon, | I-Nickel | I-Chromium | I-Molybdenum | I-Titanium | IColumbium + iTantalum | |
| I-Austenitic | ||||||||||
| 301 | 0.15 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 6.0–8.0 | 16.0–18.0 | … | … | … |
| 302 | 0.15 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 8.0–10.0 | 17.0–19.0 | … | … | … |
| 304 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 8.0–11.0 | 18.0–20.0 | … | … | … |
| 304L | 0.035A | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 8.0–13.0 | 18.0–20.0 | … | … | … |
| 305 | 0.12 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 10.0–13.0 | 17.0–19.0 | … | … | … |
| 309S | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 12.0–15.0 | 22.0–24.0 | … | … | ... |
| 309S-Cb | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 12.0–15.0 | 22.0–24.0 | … | … | B |
| 310S | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 19.0–22.0 | 24.0–26.0 | … | … | … |
| 316 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 10.0–14.0 | 16.0–18.0 | 2.0–3.0 | … | … |
| 316L | 0.035A | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 10.0–15.0 | 16.0–18.0 | 2.0–3.0 | … | … |
| 317 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 11.0–14.0 | 18.0–20.0 | 3.0–4.0 | … | … |
| 321 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 9.0–13.0 | 17.0–20.0 | … | C | … |
| 330 | 0.15 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 33.0–36.0 | 14.0–16.0 | … | … | … |
| 347 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 9.0–13.0 | 17.0–20.0 | … | … | B |
| 429 | 0.12 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.50 | 14.0–16.0 | … | … | … |
| 430 | 0.12 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.50 | 16.0–18.0 | … | … | … |
| 430-Ti | 0.10 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.075 | 16.0–19.5 | … | 5 × C imizuzu, | … |
| Ubuninzi obuyi-0.75 | ||||||||||
▼I-stainless steel coiled tubes / coiled tubes material grade:
| i-USA | JEMANI | JEMANI | FRANSI | JAPHAN | ELAMATALIYANE | SWIDEN | e-UK | i-EU | SPEYIN | RHASHIYA |
| I-AISI | I-DIN 17006 | I-WN 17007 | I-AFNOR | I-JIS | I-UNI | I-SIS | I-BSI | I-EURONORM | ||
| 201 | I-SUS 201 | |||||||||
| 301 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | 1.4310 | Z 12 CN 17-07 | I-SUS 301 | X 12 CrNi 1707 | 23 31 | 301S21 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | X 12 CrNi 17-07 | |
| 302 | X 5 CrNi 18 7 | 1.4319 | Z 10 CN 18-09 | I-SUS 302 | X 10 CrNi 1809 | 23 31 | 302S25 | X 10 CrNi 18 9 | X 10 CrNi 18-09 | 12KH18N9 |
| 303 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | 1.4305 | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | I-SUS 303 | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 23 46 | 303S21 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | |
| 303 Se | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | I-SUS 303 Se | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 303S41 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | 12KH18N10E | ||||
| 304 | X 5 CrNi 18 10 X 5 CrNi 18 12 | 1.4301 1.4303 | Z 6 CN 18-09 | I-SUS 304 | X 5 CrNi 1810 | 23 32 | 304S15 304S16 | X 6 CrNi 18 10 | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | 08KH18N10 06KH18N11 |
| 304 N | I-SUS 304N1 | X 5 CrNiN 1810 | ||||||||
| 304 H | I-SUS F 304H | X 8 CrNi 1910 | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | |||||||
| 304 L | X 2 CrNi 18 11 | 1.4306 | Z 2 CN 18-10 | I-SUS 304L | X 2 CrNi 1911 | 23 52 | 304S11 | X 3 CrNi 18 10 | X 2 CrNi 19-10 | 03KH18N11 |
| X 2 CrNiN 18 10 | 1.4311 | Z 2 CN 18-10-Az | I-SUS 304LN | X 2 CrNiN 1811 | 23 71 | |||||
| 305 | Z 8 CN 18-12 | I-SUS 305 | X 8 CrNi 1812 | 23 33 | 305S19 | X 8 CrNi 18 12 | X 8 CrNi 18-12 | |||
| Z 6 CNU 18-10 | I-SUS XM7 | X 6 CrNiCu 18 10 4 Kd | ||||||||
| 309 | X 15 CrNiS 20 12 | 1.4828 | Z 15 CN 24-13 | I-SUH 309 | X 16 CrNi 2314 | 309S24 | X 15 CrNi 23 13 | |||
| 309 S | I-SUS 309S | X 6 CrNi 2314 | X 6 CrNi 22 13 | |||||||
| 310 | X 12 CrNi 25 21 | 1.4845 | I-SUH 310 | X 22 CrNi 2520 | 310S24 | 20KH23N18 | ||||
| 310 S | X 12 CrNi 25 20 | 1.4842 | Z 12 CN 25-20 | I-SUS 310S | X 5 CrNi 2520 | 23 61 | X 6 CrNi 25 20 | 10KH23N18 | ||
| 314 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 1.4841 | Z 12 CNS 25-20 | X 16 CrNiSi 2520 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 20KH25N20S2 | ||||
| 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | 1.4401 | Z 6 CND 17-11 | I-SUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 47 | 316S31 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
| 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | 1.4436 | Z 6 CND 17-12 | I-SUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 43 | 316S33 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
| 316 F | X 12 CrNiMoS 18 11 | 1.4427 | ||||||||
| 316 N | I-SUS 316N | |||||||||
| 316 H | I-SUS F 316H | X 8 CrNiMo 1712 | X 5 CrNiMo 17-12 | |||||||
| 316 H | X 8 CrNiMo 1713 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | ||||||||
| 316 L | X 2 CrNiMo 17 13 2 | 1.4404 | Z 2 CND 17-12 | I-SUS 316L | X 2 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 48 | 316S11 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH17N14M2 |
| X 2 CrNiMoN 17 12 2 | 1.4406 | Z 2 CND 17-12-Az | I-SUS 316LN | X 2 CrNiMoN 1712 | ||||||
| 316 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 14 3 | 1.4435 | Z 2 CND 17-13 | X 2 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 53 | 316S13 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH16N15M3 | |
| X 2 CrNiMoN 17 13 3 | 1.4429 | Z 2 CND 17-13-Az | X 2 CrNiMoN 1713 | 23 75 | ||||||
| X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | 1.4571 | I-Z6 CNDT 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1712 | 23 50 | 320S31 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||
| X 10 CrNiMoTi 18 12 | 1.4573 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1713 | 320S33 | X 6 CrNiMoTI 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||||
| X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 1.4580 | Z 6 CNDNb 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1712 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 08KH16N13M2B | |||||
| X 10 CrNiMoNb 18 12 | 1.4583 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1713 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 13 3 | 09KH16N15M3B | ||||||
| 317 | I-SUS 317 | X 5 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 66 | 317S16 | ||||||
| 317 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | I-SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
| 317 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | I-SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1816 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
| 330 | X 12 NiCrSi 36 16 | 1.4864 | Z 12NCS 35-16 | I-SUH 330 | ||||||
| 321 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 X 12 CrNiTi 18 9 | 1.4541 1.4878 | I-Z 6 CNT 18-10 | I-SUS 321 | X 6 CrNiTi 1811 | 23 37 | 321S31 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 | X 6 CrNiTi 18-11 | 08KH18N10T |
| 321 H | I-SUS 321H | X 8 CrNiTi 1811 | 321S20 | X 7 CrNiTi 18-11 | 12KH18N10T | |||||
| 329 | X 8 CrNiMo 27 5 | 1.4460 | I-SUS 329J1 | 23 24 | ||||||
| 347 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | 1.4550 | Z 6 CNNb 18-10 | I-SUS 347 | X 6 CrNiNb 1811 | 23 38 | 347S31 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | X 6 CrNiNb 18-11 | 08KH18N12B |
| 347 H | I-SUS F 347H | X 8 CrNiNb 1811 | X 7 CrNiNb 18-11 | |||||||
| 904L | 1.4939 | Z 12 CNDV 12-02 | ||||||||
| X 20 CrNiSi 25 4 | 1.4821 | |||||||||
| I-UNS31803 | X 2 CrNiMoN 22 5 | 1.4462 | ||||||||
| I-UNS32760 | X 3 CrNiMoN 25 7 | 1.4501 | Z 3 CND 25-06Az | |||||||
| 403 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 12 C 13 | I-SUS 403 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 403S17 | X 10 Cr 13 X 12 Cr 13 | X 6 Cr 13 | 12Kh13 |
| 405 | X 6 CrAl 13 | 1.4002 | Z 6 CA 13 | I-SUS 405 | X 6 CrAl 13 | 405S17 | X 6 CrAl 13 | X 6 CrAl 13 | ||
| X 10 CrAl 7 | 1.4713 | Z 8 CA 7 | X 10 CrAl 7 | |||||||
| X 10 CrAl 13 | 1.4724 | X 10 CrAl 12 | 10Kh13SYu | |||||||
| X 10 CrAl 18 | 1.4742 | X 10 CrSiAl 18 | 15Kh18SYu | |||||||
| 409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 1.4512 | Z 6 CT 12 | I-SUH 409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 409S19 | X 5 CrTi 12 | |||
| X 2 CrTi 12 | ||||||||||
| 410 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 10 C 13 Z 12 C 13 | I-SUS 410 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 410S21 | X 12 Cr 13 | X 12 Cr 13 | 12Kh13 |
| 410 S | X 6 Cr 13 | 1.4000 | Z 6 C 13 | I-SUS 410S | X 6 Cr 13 | 23 01 | 403S17 | X 6 Cr 13 | 08Kh13 |
Ifektri
Inzuzo yomgangatho:
Umgangatho weemveliso zethu zomgca wolawulo kwicandelo leoyile negesi uqinisekiswa kungekuphela nje ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa elawulwayo kodwa nangendlela yokuvavanywa kwemveliso egqityiweyo. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo luquka:
1. Uvavanyo olungatshabalalisiyo
2. Uvavanyo lwe-hydrostatic
3. Ulawulo lokugqiba umphezulu
4. Ukulinganisa ukuchaneka kobukhulu
5. Uvavanyo lweFlare kunye ne-coning
6. Uvavanyo lweempawu zoomatshini nezekhemikhali
Isicelo setyhubhu ye-caillary
1) Ishishini lezixhobo zonyango
2) ulawulo lobushushu olukhokelwa bubushushu kwimizi-mveliso, iisensa ezisetyenzisiweyo ngepayipi, ityhubhu yethermometer
3) Ityhubhu engundoqo yoshishino lokhathalelo lweepeni
4) i-antenna ye-micro-tube, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-antenna yentsimbi engagqwali echanekileyo encinci
5) Ngeentlobo ngeentlobo ze-elektroniki ezincinci ze-capillary yentsimbi engagqwaliyo
6) Isibhakela senaliti yobucwebe
7) Iiwotshi, umfanekiso
8) Ityhubhu ye-antenna yemoto, ii-antenna zebha ezisebenzisa iityhubhu, ityhubhu ye-antenna
9) Izixhobo zokuqopha nge-laser ezisetyenziselwa ityhubhu yentsimbi engagqwaliyo
10) Izixhobo zokuloba, izixhobo, uYugan uphumile ephethe
11) Ukutya nge-capillary yentsimbi engagqwaliyo
12) zonke iintlobo zesitayile sefowuni esiphathwayo nesitayile sekhompyutha
13) Ishishini lemibhobho yokufudumeza, ishishini leoyile
14) Iiprinta, inaliti yebhokisi engathethiyo
15) Tsala ityhubhu yentsimbi engatyiwayo enyibilikisiweyo kabini esetyenziswa kwiifestile ezidityanisiweyo
16) Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeetyhubhu zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ezichanekileyo
17) Ukusasaza ngokuchanekileyo ngeenaliti zentsimbi engagqwaliyo
18) Imakrofoni, ii-headphones kunye nemakrofoni yokusebenzisa ityhubhu yentsimbi engagqwaliyo, njalo njalo
Iimveliso ezinxulumene noko
-
Umbhobho we-ASTM A312 wentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-201
I-ASTM A312 Stainless Steel 201 Welded Pipe Ababoneleli beepayipi ezidityanisiweyo ze-ASTM A312, Umenzi weepayipi ezidityanisiweyo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, Umnini wesitokhwe seepayipi ze-ERW zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, Umthumeli weepayipi ze-SS ERW eTshayina. Iipayipi ze-ERW zifumaneka kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezifana nePetrochemical, Chemical, oil & Gas, Refinery, Fertilizer, Automotive, Bearing, Power, Structural Mechanical applications. Sinikezela ngezi payipi ezidityanisiweyo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, ubukhulu kunye nobukhulu ngokweemfuno ezilungiselelweyo ezinikwe yi-custo...
-
Umbhobho we-JIS Stainless Steel 201 Welded
Ipayipi Ehlanganisiweyo ye-JIS yentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-201 Ababoneleli beepayipi ezihlanganisiweyo ze-JIS, Umenzi weepayipi ezihlanganisiweyo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, Umnini-zabelo weepayipi ze-ERW zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, Umthumeli weepayipi ze-SS ERW eTshayina. Iipayipi ze-ERW zifumaneka kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezifana nePetrochemical, Chemical, oil & Gas, Refinery, Fertilizer, Automotive, Bearing, Power, Structural Mechanical applications. Sinikezela ngezi payipi ezihlanganisiweyo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, ubukhulu kunye nobukhulu ngokweemfuno ezilungiselelwe abathengi bethu. ...
-
Umbhobho we-ASTM 201 wentsimbi engagqwaliyo we-ASTM wokukhupha umoya ...
I-ASTM 201 ipayipi yentsimbi engagqwali eweldiweyo yombhobho wokukhupha umoya Iimveliso zekhoyili yentsimbi engagqwaliyo: ityhubhu yekhoyili yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ityhubhu yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ityhubhu yekhoyili yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ityhubhu yekhoyili yentsimbi engagqwaliyo abathengisi beetyhubhu zekhoyili yentsimbi engagqwaliyo abavelisi beetyhubhu zekhoyili yentsimbi engagqwaliyo Inkcazo: Into: ipayipi yokupolisha yentsimbi engagqwaliyo Uhlobo: eweldiweyo Umgangatho: ASTM A554 JIS ,DIN Ibanga: 201,202, 304,304L, 316,316L, 409,430, njl. Ubungakanani: Umbhobho ojikelezayo: OD 8-219m Umbhobho wesikwere: OD 10x10mm -150x150mm ...
-
Ityhubhu ye-JIS SUS201 yentsimbi engagqwali eweldiweyo ye-ex...
Iinkcukacha eziphambili/Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo: Uhlobo: i-welded Inqanaba lentsimbi: uthotho lwama-200 Uhlobo lomgca wokuwelda: ERW Ubukhulu: Ityhubhu engenamthungo: 0.6-30mm Ityhubhu ewelded: 0.5-45mm Ububanzi bangaphandle: Ityhubhu engenamthungo: 6-610mm Ityhubhu ewelded: 8-3,000mm Ukusetyenziswa: izinto zokwakha Inqanaba: 201 (SUS201, 1.4371, 1Cr17Mn6Ni5N), ityhubhu engenamthungo yentsimbi Iteknoloji yemveliso: ityhubhu engenamthungo ebandayo, ejijekileyo eshushu, engenamthungo Iintlobo: ityhubhu yentsimbi, ityhubhu engenamthungo yentsimbi, ityhubhu engenamthungo ejijekileyo, ityhubhu engenamthungo engenamthungo, ityhubhu engenamthungo engenamthungo, ityhubhu engenamthungo engenamthungo Iingenelo: ine-perfor elungileyo...
