Sabuwar Tsarin Salo na China ASTM Mai Sanyi Mai Zafi Na 201 304 304L 316 310S Bututu Bakin Karfe Mai Zane Ba Tare da Tauri Ba
Koyaushe muna mai da hankali kan abokin ciniki, kuma babban burinmu shine mu sami mafi kyawun mai kaya, amintacce, da kuma abokin tarayya ga abokan cinikinmu don Sabuwar Tsarin Salo don China ASTM Cold Hot Rolled 201 304 304L 316 310S Bututu Bakin Karfe Mai Zane ...
Koyaushe muna mai da hankali kan abokin ciniki, kuma babban burinmu shine mu sami mai samar da kayayyaki mafi inganci, amintacce, da gaskiya, har ma da abokin tarayya ga abokan cinikinmu.China Bakin Karfe Bututu, Ƙananan Farashin Bakin Karfe BututuAna iya amincewa da oda na musamman tare da inganci daban-daban da ƙira ta musamman ta abokin ciniki. Muna fatan kafa kyakkyawar haɗin gwiwa mai nasara a cikin kasuwanci tare da dogon lokaci daga abokan ciniki na duk faɗin duniya.
Bututun goge bakin ƙarfe 304:
bakin karfe nada bututu
bakin karfe bututu nada
bututun nada bakin karfe
bakin karfe bututu nada
masu samar da bututun bakin karfe
masana'antun bututun ƙarfe na nada bakin ƙarfe
bakin karfe bututu nada
Kadarorin Gabaɗaya
Alloy 304Lwani nau'in ƙarfe mai launin T-300 mai launin austenitic, wanda ke da aƙalla kashi 18% na chromium da kuma 8% na nickel. Nau'in 304L yana da matsakaicin carbon shine 0.030. Shine daidaitaccen "bakin ƙarfe 18/8" wanda aka fi samu a cikin kwanoni da kayan girki. Alloys 304L shine mafi yawan amfani da ƙarfe mai amfani a cikin dangin ƙarfe mai launin baki. Ya dace da nau'ikan aikace-aikacen gida da na kasuwanci iri-iri, Alloys 304L yana nuna kyakkyawan juriya ga tsatsa kuma yana da sauƙin ƙerawa, kyakkyawan tsari. Ana kuma ɗaukar ƙarfe mai launin austenitic a matsayin mafi sauƙin walda daga cikin ƙarfe mai yawan ƙarfe kuma ana iya walda shi ta hanyar duk hanyoyin haɗawa da juriya.
Bayani dalla-dalla: UNS S30403
Aikace-aikace:
Ana amfani da ƙarfe mai ƙarfe 304L a cikin nau'ikan aikace-aikacen gida da na kasuwanci iri-iri, gami da:
Kayan aikin sarrafa abinci, musamman a fannin yin giya, sarrafa madara, da kuma yin ruwan inabi
Bekunan girki, sink, kwano, kayan aiki, da kayan aiki
Gine-gine da gyare-gyare
Amfani da tsarin mota da sararin samaniya
Kayan gini a manyan gine-gine
Kwantenan sinadarai, gami da jigilar su
Masu musayar zafi
Kwayoyi, ƙusoshi, sukurori, da sauran maƙallan a cikin yanayin ruwa
Masana'antar rini
Allon saka ko walda don haƙar ma'adinai, haƙa ƙasa da tace ruwa
Ma'auni:
ASTM/ASME: S30403
EURONORM: 1.4303
AFNOR: Z2 CN 18.10
DIN: X2 CrNi 19 11
Juriyar Tsatsa:
Juriyar tsatsa a cikin muhallin da ke haifar da iskar shaka sakamakon chromium na kashi 18 zuwa 19% wanda ƙarfe 304 ke ɗauke da shi ne.
Juriya ga sinadaran halitta masu ƙarfi matsakaici sakamakon nickel 9 zuwa 11% ne da ƙarfe 304 ke ɗauke da shi.
A wasu lokutan, ƙarfe mai ƙarfe 304L na iya nuna ƙarancin tsatsa fiye da ƙarfe mai ƙarfe mai ƙarfe 304; in ba haka ba, ana iya ɗaukar ƙarfe 304, 304L, da 304H suna aiki iri ɗaya a yawancin muhallin tsatsa.
An fi son amfani da Alloy 304L a cikin muhalli mai wadataccen lalata wanda zai iya haifar da tsatsa tsakanin walda da yankunan da zafi ya shafa akan ƙarfe masu saurin kamuwa.
Juriyar Zafi:
Kyakkyawan juriya ga iskar shaka a lokacin aiki na ɗan lokaci zuwa 1600°F kuma yana ci gaba da aiki har zuwa 1690°F.
Ba a ba da shawarar ci gaba da amfani da 304 a cikin kewayon 800-1580°F ba idan juriyar tsatsa ta ruwa daga baya tana da mahimmanci.
Grade 304L ya fi jure wa ruwan sama na carbide kuma ana iya dumama shi zuwa yanayin zafin da ke sama.
Kadarorin 304 Alloy
Halayen Walda:
Kyakkyawan halayen walda; ba a buƙatar annealing bayan walda lokacin walda siriri. Abubuwa biyu masu mahimmanci wajen samar da haɗin walda a cikin ƙarfen bakin ƙarfe na austenitic sune:
kiyaye juriyar tsatsa
guje wa fashewa
Sarrafawa - Zafi Mai Zafi:
Don ƙirƙirar, daidaita yanayin zafi zuwa 2100 / 2300 °F
Kar a yi amfani da injin a ƙasa da 1700°F
Ana iya sanyaya injin ƙera kayan da iska ba tare da haɗarin fashewa ba
Sarrafawa - Samar da Sanyi:
Tsarinsa na austenitic yana ba shi damar yin zurfi ba tare da an yi masa zafi a tsakiya ba, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama zaɓi mafi kyau a masana'antar sinks, kayan daki da tukwane.
Waɗannan matakan suna aiki da sauri. Don rage damuwa da ke tasowa yayin da ake yin su ko kuma a juya su, ya kamata a rufe sassan gaba ɗaya ko a rage damuwa da wuri-wuri bayan an yi su.
Tsarin aiki:
Ana ba da shawarar amfani da na'urorin karya guntu domin guntun na iya zama masu ƙarfi. Aikin bakin ƙarfe yana taurare da sauri, ya kamata a yi amfani da kayan aiki masu kaifi, da kuma tsari mai tsauri. Ya kamata a yanke su a ƙasan layin da aka yi wa tauri sakamakon wucewar da ta gabata.
Kayayyakin Sinadarai:
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Ni | N | |
| 304L | 0.03max | 2.0max | 0.75max | 0.45max | 0.03max | minti: 18.0 mafi girma: 20.0 | minti: 8.0 mafi girma: 12.0 | 0.10 mafi girma |
Kayayyakin Inji:
| Matsayi | Ƙarfin Taurin Ksi (minti) | Ƙarfin Yawa 0.2% ksi (min) | Ƙarawa % | Taurin kai (Brinell) MAX | Taurin kai (Rockwell B) MAX |
| 304L | 70 | 25 | 40 | 201 | 92 |
Sifofin Jiki:
| Yawan yawa lbm/cikin3 | Tsarin kwararar zafi (BTU/h ft. °F) | Lantarki Juriya (a cikin x 10-6) | Modulus na sassauci (psi x 106 | Ma'aunin Faɗaɗawar Zafi (ciki/ciki)/ °F x 10-6 | Takamaiman Zafi (BTU/lb/ °F) | Narkewa Nisa (°F) |
| a 68°F: 0.285 | 9.4 a 212°F | 28.3 a 68°F | 28 | 9.4 a 32 – 212°F | 0.1200 a 68°F zuwa 212°F | 2500 zuwa 2590 |
| 12.4 a 932°F | 39.4 a 752°F | 10.2 a zafin jiki na 32 – 1000°F | ||||
| 49.6 a 1652 °F | 10.4 a zafin jiki na 32 – 1500°F |
Bayani dalla-dalla:
Abu: bututun goge bakin karfe
Nau'i: welded ko sumul
Daidaitacce: ASTM A554 JIS, DIN
Daraja: 201, 202, 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 409, 430, da sauransu
Girman: Bututu mai zagaye: OD 8-219m
Bututun Murabba'i: OD 10x10mm -150x150mm
Bututun murabba'i mai kusurwa huɗu: 10x20mm zuwa 120x180mm
Kauri: 0.2-4.0mm
Faɗin bututu:180G, 320G, 400G, 500G, 600G, Satin, layin gashi, 2B, BA, madubi, 8K
Tsawon bututu: 5.8m 6M 11.85M 12m
Aikace-aikace:
1. Amfani da kayan ado (hanyar mota, hanyar mota, layin dogo, tasha ta bas, filin jirgin sama da kuma dakin motsa jiki
2. Gine-gine da kayan ado
3. Yankin masana'antu (man fetur, abinci, sinadarai, takarda, taki, masana'anta, jiragen sama da makaman nukiliya.
| Murabba'in Karfe Tube(mm) | bututun ƙarfe mai kusurwa huɗu (mm) | Zagaye Karfe Tube (mm) |
| 10 × 10 × 0.6 ~ 3.0 | 10 × 20 × 0.6 ~ 3.0 | 6 × 0.6 ~ 1.0 |
| 15 × 15 × 0.6 ~ 3.0 | 20×30×0.6~3.0 | 12 × 0.6 ~ 1.5 |
| 20 × 20 × 0.6 ~ 3.0 | 20×40×0.6~3.0 | 13 × 0.6 ~ 1.5 |
| 25×25×0.6~3.0 | 25×50×0.6~3.5 | 16 × 0.6 ~ 2.0 |
| 30×30×0.6~3.5 | 30×50×0.6~3.5 | 19 × 0.6 ~ 3.0 |
| 40×40×0.6~3.5 | 40×60×0.6~3.5 | 20 × 0.6 ~ 3.0 |
| 50×50×0.6~3.5 | 40×80×0.6~3.5 | 22 × 0.6 ~ 3.0 |
| 60×60×0.6~3.5 | 60×80×1.0~6.0 | 25×0.6~3.0 |
| 70×70×0.6~3.5 | 50×100×1.0~6.0 | 27 × 0.6 ~ 3.0 |
| 75×75×0.6~3.5 | 60×120×1.0~6.0 | 32 × 0.6 ~ 3.0 |
| 80×80×1.0~6.0 | 80×120×2.0~8.0 | 40×0.6~3.5 |
| 100×100×2.0~8.0 | 80×160×2.0~8.0 | 38×0.6~3.0 |
| 120×120×2.0~8.0 | 100×150×2.0~8.0 | 48×0.6~3.5 |
| 150×150×2.0~8.0 | 100×200×2.0~8.0 | 60×0.6~3.5 |
| 200 × 200 × 4.0 ~ 16.0 | 150×250×4.0~12.0 | 76×0.6~3.5 |
| 250×250×4.0~16.0 | 200 × 300 × 4.0 ~ 16.0 | 89×1.0~6.0 |
| 300×300×4.0~16.0 | 300×400×4.0~16.0 | 104×1.0~6.0 |
| 400×400×4.0~16.0 | 300×500×4.0~16.0 | 114×1.0~6.0 |
Sifofin zahiri na bututun goge bakin karfe:
| Matsayi | Abun da aka haɗa, % | |||||||||
| Carbon, | Manga- | Phos- | Sulfur, | Silikon, | Nickel | Chromium | Molybdenum | Titanium | Columbium + Tantalum | |
| Austentic | ||||||||||
| 301 | 0.15 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 6.0–8.0 | 16.0–18.0 | … | … | … |
| 302 | 0.15 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 8.0–10.0 | 17.0–19.0 | … | … | … |
| 304 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 8.0–11.0 | 18.0–20.0 | … | … | … |
| 304L | 0.035A | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 8.0–13.0 | 18.0–20.0 | … | … | … |
| 305 | 0.12 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 10.0–13.0 | 17.0–19.0 | … | … | … |
| 309S | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 12.0–15.0 | 22.0–24.0 | … | … | ... |
| 309S-Cb | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 12.0–15.0 | 22.0–24.0 | … | … | B |
| 310S | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 19.0–22.0 | 24.0–26.0 | … | … | … |
| 316 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 10.0–14.0 | 16.0–18.0 | 2.0–3.0 | … | … |
| 316L | 0.035A | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 10.0–15.0 | 16.0–18.0 | 2.0–3.0 | … | … |
| 317 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 11.0–14.0 | 18.0–20.0 | 3.0–4.0 | … | … |
| 321 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 9.0–13.0 | 17.0–20.0 | … | C | … |
| 330 | 0.15 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 33.0–36.0 | 14.0–16.0 | … | … | … |
| 347 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 9.0–13.0 | 17.0–20.0 | … | … | B |
| 429 | 0.12 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | matsakaicin 0.50 | 14.0–16.0 | … | … | … |
| 430 | 0.12 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | matsakaicin 0.50 | 16.0–18.0 | … | … | … |
| 430-Ti | 0.10 | 1.00 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.00 | matsakaicin 0.075 | 16.0–19.5 | … | 5 × C min, | … |
| 0.75 mafi girma | ||||||||||
▼Bakin karfe bututun da aka nada / bututun da aka nada kayan aiki:
| Amurka | JAMUS | JAMUS | FARSA | JAPAN | ITALIYA | SWIDAN | Birtaniya | Tarayyar Turai (EU) | SPAIN | RASHIYA |
| AISI | DIN 17006 | WN 17007 | AFNOR | JIS | Jami'ar UNI | SIS | BSI | EURONORM | ||
| 201 | SUS 201 | |||||||||
| 301 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | 1.4310 | Z 12 CN 17-07 | SUS 301 | X 12 CrNi 1707 | 23 31 | 301S21 | X 12 CrNi 17 7 | X 12 CrNi 17-07 | |
| 302 | X 5 CrNi 18 7 | 1.4319 | Z 10 CN 18-09 | SUS 302 | X 10 CrNi 1809 | 23 31 | 302S25 | X 10 CrNi 18 9 | X 10 CrNi 18-09 | 12KH18N9 |
| 303 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | 1.4305 | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | SUS 303 | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 23 46 | 303S21 | X 10 CrNiS 18 9 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | |
| 303 Se | Z 10 CNF 18-09 | SUS 303 Se | X 10 CrNiS 1809 | 303S41 | X 10 CrNiS 18-09 | 12KH18N10E | ||||
| 304 | X 5 CrNi 18 10 X 5 CrNi 18 12 | 1.4301 1.4303 | Z 6 CN 18-09 | SUS 304 | X 5 CrNi 1810 | 23 32 | 304S15 304S16 | X 6 CrNi 18 10 | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | 08KH18N10 06KH18N11 |
| 304 N | SUS 304N1 | X 5 CrNiN 1810 | ||||||||
| 304 H | SUS F 304H | X 8 CrNi 1910 | X 6 CrNi 19-10 | |||||||
| 304 L | X 2 CrNi 18 11 | 1.4306 | Z 2 CN 18-10 | SUS 304L | X 2 CrNi 1911 | 23 52 | 304S11 | X 3 CrNi 18 10 | X 2 CrNi 19-10 | 03KH18N11 |
| X 2 CrNiN 18 10 | 1.4311 | Z 2 CN 18-10-Az | SUS 304LN | X 2 CrNiN 1811 | 23 71 | |||||
| 305 | Z 8 CN 18-12 | SUS 305 | X 8 CrNi 1812 | 23 33 | 305S19 | X 8 CrNi 18 12 | X 8 CrNi 18-12 | |||
| Z 6 CNU 18-10 | SUS XM7 | X 6 CrNiCu 18 10 4 Kd | ||||||||
| 309 | X 15 CrNiS 20 12 | 1.4828 | Z 15 CN 24-13 | SUH 309 | X 16 CrNi 2314 | 309S24 | X 15 CrNi 23 13 | |||
| 309 S | SUS 309S | X 6 CrNi 2314 | X 6 CrNi 22 13 | |||||||
| 310 | X 12 CrNi 25 21 | 1.4845 | SUH 310 | X 22 CrNi 2520 | 310S24 | 20KH23N18 | ||||
| 310 S | X 12 CrNi 25 20 | 1.4842 | Z 12 CN 25-20 | SUS 310S | X 5 CrNi 2520 | 23 61 | X 6 CrNi 25 20 | 10KH23N18 | ||
| 314 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 1.4841 | Z 12 CNS 25-20 | X 16 CrNiSi 2520 | X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 | 20KH25N20S2 | ||||
| 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | 1.4401 | Z 6 CND 17-11 | SUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 47 | 316S31 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
| 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | 1.4436 | Z 6 CND 17-12 | SUS 316 | X 5 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 43 | 316S33 | X 6 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | |
| 316 F | X 12 CrNiMoS 18 11 | 1.4427 | ||||||||
| 316 N | SUS 316N | |||||||||
| 316 H | SUS F 316H | X 8 CrNiMo 1712 | X 5 CrNiMo 17-12 | |||||||
| 316 H | X 8 CrNiMo 1713 | X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | ||||||||
| 316 L | X 2 CrNiMo 17 13 2 | 1.4404 | Z 2 CND 17-12 | SUS 316L | X 2 CrNiMo 1712 | 23 48 | 316S11 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 12 2 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH17N14M2 |
| X 2 CrNiMoN 17 12 2 | 1.4406 | Z 2 CND 17-12-Az | SUS 316LN | X 2 CrNiMoN 1712 | ||||||
| 316 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 14 3 | 1.4435 | Z 2 CND 17-13 | X 2 CrNiMo 1713 | 23 53 | 316S13 | X 3 CrNiMo 17 13 3 | X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 | 03KH16N15M3 | |
| X 2 CrNiMoN 17 13 3 | 1.4429 | Z 2 CND 17-13-Az | X 2 CrNiMoN 1713 | 23 75 | ||||||
| X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | 1.4571 | Z6 CNDT 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1712 | 23 50 | 320S31 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||
| X 10 CrNiMoTi 18 12 | 1.4573 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 1713 | 320S33 | X 6 CrNiMoTI 17 13 3 | X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 | 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T | ||||
| X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 1.4580 | Z 6 CNDNb 17-12 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1712 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 | 08KH16N13M2B | |||||
| X 10 CrNiMoNb 18 12 | 1.4583 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 1713 | X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 13 3 | 09KH16N15M3B | ||||||
| 317 | SUS 317 | X 5 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 66 | 317S16 | ||||||
| 317 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1815 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
| 317 L | X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | 1.4438 | Z 2 CND 19-15 | SUS 317L | X 2 CrNiMo 1816 | 23 67 | 317S12 | X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4 | ||
| 330 | X 12 NiCrSi 36 16 | 1.4864 | Z 12NCS 35-16 | SUH 330 | ||||||
| 321 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 X 12 CrNiTi 18 9 | 1.4541 1.4878 | Z 6 CNT 18-10 | SUS 321 | X 6 CrNiTi 1811 | 23 37 | 321S31 | X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 | X 6 CrNiTi 18-11 | 08KH18N10T |
| 321 H | SUS 321H | X 8 CrNiTi 1811 | 321S20 | X 7 CrNiTi 18-11 | 12KH18N10T | |||||
| 329 | X 8 CrNiMo 27 5 | 1.4460 | SUS 329J1 | 23 24 | ||||||
| 347 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | 1.4550 | Z 6 CNNb 18-10 | SUS 347 | X 6 CrNiNb 1811 | 23 38 | 347S31 | X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 | X 6 CrNiNb 18-11 | 08KH18N12B |
| 347 H | SUS F 347H | X 8 CrNiNb 1811 | X 7 CrNiNb 18-11 | |||||||
| 904L | 1.4939 | Z 12 CNDV 12-02 | ||||||||
| X 20 CrNiSi 25 4 | 1.4821 | |||||||||
| UNS31803 | X 2 CrNiMoN 22 5 | 1.4462 | ||||||||
| UNS32760 | X 3 CrNiMoN 25 7 | 1.4501 | Z 3 CND 25-06Az | |||||||
| 403 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1,4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 12 C 13 | SUS 403 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 403S17 | X 10 Cr 13 X 12 Cr 13 | X 6 Cr 13 | 12Kh13 |
| 405 | X 6 CrAl 13 | 1.4002 | Z 6 CA 13 | SUS 405 | X 6 CrAl 13 | 405S17 | X 6 CrAl 13 | X 6 CrAl 13 | ||
| X 10 CrAl 7 | 1.4713 | Z 8 CA 7 | X 10 CrAl 7 | |||||||
| X 10 CrAl 13 | 1.4724 | X 10 CrAl 12 | 10Kh13SYu | |||||||
| X 10 CrAl 18 | 1.4742 | X 10 CrSiAl 18 | 15Kh18SYu | |||||||
| 409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 1.4512 | Z 6 CT 12 | SUH 409 | X 6 CrTi 12 | 409S19 | X 5 CrTi 12 | |||
| X 2 CrTi 12 | ||||||||||
| 410 | X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 | 1,4000 1.4006 1.4024 | Z 10 C 13 Z 12 C 13 | SUS 410 | X 12 Cr 13 | 23 02 | 410S21 | X 12 Cr 13 | X 12 Cr 13 | 12Kh13 |
| 410 S | X 6 Cr 13 | 1,4000 | Z 6 C 13 | SUS 410S | X 6 Cr 13 | 23 01 | 403S17 | X 6 Cr 13 | 08Kh13 |
Masana'anta
Amfanin inganci:
Ana tabbatar da ingancin kayayyakinmu na layin sarrafawa a fannin mai da iskar gas ba kawai a lokacin da ake sarrafa masana'antu ba, har ma ta hanyar gwajin kayayyakin da aka gama. Gwaje-gwajen da aka saba yi sun haɗa da:
1. Gwaje-gwaje marasa lalatawa
2. Gwaje-gwajen Hydrostatic
3. Sarrafa ƙarewar saman
4. Ma'aunin daidaiton girma
5. Gwaje-gwajen walƙiya da ƙugiya
6. Gwajin halayen injina da sinadarai
Aikace-aikacen caillary tube
1) Masana'antar na'urorin likitanci
2) sarrafa zafin jiki na masana'antu wanda aka jagoranta da zafin jiki, firikwensin bututu da aka yi amfani da su, ma'aunin zafi na bututu
3) Bututun kula da alkalami na masana'antar tsakiya
4) eriya mai ƙaramin bututu, nau'ikan eriya iri-iri ta ƙaramin ƙarfe mai daidaito
5) Tare da nau'ikan ƙananan diamita na lantarki iri-iri na bakin ƙarfe mai kauri
6) Naushin allurar kayan ado
7) Agogo, hoto
8) Bututun eriya na mota, eriya ta mashaya ta amfani da bututu, bututun eriya
9) Kayan aikin sassaka Laser don amfani da bututun ƙarfe
10) Kayan kamun kifi, kayan haɗi, Yugan da mallakar su
11) Abinci mai bakin karfe mai kauri
12) duk nau'ikan alkalami na wayar hannu da alkalami na kwamfuta
13) Masana'antar bututun dumama, masana'antar mai
14) Firintoci, allurar akwati mai shiru
15) Ja bututun ƙarfe mai narkewa sau biyu wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin haɗin taga
16) Iri-iri na ƙananan diamita na masana'antu na bututun ƙarfe masu daidaito
17) Daidaita rarrabawa da allurar bakin karfe
18) Makirufo, belun kunne da makirufo don amfani da bututun bakin karfe, da sauransu














