Kormeerka Tayada ee Tuubooyinka Birta Aan Daxalka Lahayn ee ASTM 316L oo leh Dhexroor 2 Inji ah 3″ 4″ 6″ 8″ Sch10/Sch40/Sch80

Sharaxaad Gaaban:

Tuubo bir ah oo aan lahayn dahaadh oo ku taal tuubooyinka loo isticmaalo khadka xakamaynta, khadka duritaanka kiimikada, xudunta, haydarooliga

dhererka: 500-3000M/gariir, 304 304l 316 316L

Sharaxaad Gaaban:

 

Sharaxaadda:tuubo gariiradda ah oo aan lahayn bir

Darajada:201 304 304L 316 316L 2205 2507 625 825 ect

Cabbirka:Dhumucda 6-25.4mm: 0.2-2mm

Dhererka:600-3500M/gariir

Heerka:ASTM A269 A249 SUS DIN JIS GB

Dusha sare:2B 8k Bright anneald

Tijaabo:Xoogga wax soo saarka, Xoogga jiidista, Adkaanta, Cabbirka Haydarooliga

Dammaanad iyo Kormeer:Dhinac Saddexaad & Shahaadada

Faa'iidada:Waxaan nahay soo-saare. Qiimaha ugu hooseeya iyo Tirada Wanaagsan


Faahfaahinta Badeecada

Calaamadaha Alaabta

Guddigayagu wuxuu noqon doonaa inaan macaamiisheenna iyo macaamiisheenna ugu adeegno alaabada dijitaalka ah ee la qaadi karo ee ugu fiican uguna firfircoon ee loogu talagalay Kormeerka Tayada ee Tuubooyinka Birta Aan Lahayn ee ASTM 316L oo leh Dhexroor 2 Inch 3″ 4″ 6″ 8″ Sch10/Sch40/Sch80, Waxaan sidoo kale si joogto ah u raadineynaa inaan go'aansanno iskaashi lala yeesho alaab-qeybiyeyaasha cusub si aan u siino beddel cusub oo caqli badan macaamiishayada qiimaha leh.
Guddigayagu wuxuu noqon doonaa inaan macaamiisheenna iyo macaamiisheenna ugu adeegno badeecooyin dijitaal ah oo aad u wanaagsan oo firfircoon oo loogu talagalayTuubada Birta Aan Daxalka Lahayn ee Shiinaha 201 iyo Tuubada Birta Aan Daxalka LahaynWaxaan si xooggan u aaminsanahay in tignoolajiyada iyo adeeggu ay yihiin saldhiggeenna maanta, tayaduna ay abuuri doonto derbiyada mustaqbalka ee la isku halleyn karo. Kaliya annaga ayaa leh tayo ka wanaagsan oo ka wanaagsan, ma gaari karnaa macaamiisheenna iyo nafteena sidoo kale. Soo dhawoow macaamiisha adduunka oo dhan si aad noola soo xiriirto si aan u helno ganacsi dheeraad ah iyo xiriiro la isku halleyn karo. Had iyo jeer waxaan halkaan u joognay inaan u shaqeyno baahiyahaaga mar kasta oo aad u baahato.
ASTM A269 316L Tuubo tuubooyin bir ah oo aan la taaban karin oo ku yaal tuubooyinka tuubooyinka ee loo isticmaalo khadka xakamaynta, khadka duritaanka kiimikada, xudunta, haydarooliga

ASTM A269 316L Bixiyeyaasha tuubooyinka tuubada ee birta aan lahayn

tuubo gariiradda ah oo aan lahayn bir
gariiradda tuubo bir ah oo aan lahayn bir
tuubo bir ah oo aan lahayn bir
tuubo bir ah oo aan lahayn tuubo
alaab-qeybiyeyaasha tuubooyinka gariiradda birta ah
soosaarayaasha tuubooyinka gariiradda birta ah
gariiradda tuubo bir ah oo aan lahayn bir

Hordhac

Heerka 316 waa heerka caadiga ah ee sita molybdenum, kaasoo kaalinta labaad kaga jira 304 ee birta aan miridhku lahayn ee austenitic. Molybdenum-ku wuxuu bixiyaa 316 sifooyin guud ahaan u adkaysta daxalka marka loo eego Heerka 304, gaar ahaan iska caabin sare oo ka dhan ah godadka iyo daxalka godadka ee deegaannada koloriin.

Heerka 316L, nooca kaarboonka hooseeya ee 316 waana ka hortag xasaasiyadeed (roobaadka xad dhaafka ah ee badarka). Sidaa darteed waxaa si ballaaran loogu isticmaalaa qaybaha alxanka culus (in ka badan 6mm). Caadiyan ma jiro farqi qiimo oo la saadaalin karo oo u dhexeeya birta aan miridhku lahayn ee 316 iyo 316L.

Qaab-dhismeedka austenitic-ga ayaa sidoo kale siiya darajooyinkan adkeysi aad u fiican, xitaa heerkulka caadiga ah.

Marka la barbardhigo birta aan lahayn chromium-nickel austenitic, birta aan lahayn 316L waxay bixisaa qulqul sare, cadaadis ilaa dillaac iyo xoog jiidid heerkul sare.

Sifooyinka Muhiimka ah

Sifooyinkan waxaa lagu qeexay badeecada fidsan ee la duubay (saxan, xaashi iyo gariirad) ee ASTM A240/A240M. Sifooyinka la midka ah laakiin aan daruuri ahayn isku mid ayaa loo qeexay alaabada kale sida tuubada iyo baarka sida ku cad qeexitaankooda.

Tuubo bir ah oo aan daxal lahayn (30)

Halabuurka

★ Tuubooyinka birta ah ee duuban ee la duubay ee aan lahayn bir-daxal lahayn qeexitaanka tuubooyinka duuban

  1. Heerarka: Heerka ASTM A269/A249
  2. Darajada: TP304, TP316L 304 316 310S 2205 825 625
  3. Magaca Ganacsiga:Tuubooyinka La Duubay ee SS304, Tuubooyinka La Duubay ee SS316, Tuubooyinka La Duubay ee Duplex, Tuubooyinka La Duubay ee Monel 400, Tuubooyinka La Duubay ee Hastelloy, Tuubooyinka La Duubay ee Inconel, Tuubooyinka La Duubay ee 904L, Tuubooyinka La Duubay ee aan Toosanayn, Tuubooyinka La Duubay ee Alxanka leh
  4. Dhexroorka dibadda: 6.52-19.05mm
  5. Ka fikir: 0.2-2MM
  6. Dulqaad: OD± 0.1mm, dhumucda derbiga: ±10%, dhererka: ±5mm
  7. 6.Dhererka: 300-3500M/gariir
  8. Baakadaha: balaastiga birta ah, balaastiga alwaaxa ah, bacda poly
  9. codsi: qalabka qaboojinta, uumi-bixiyaha, gaarsiinta dareeraha gaaska, kondenserka, mashiinka cabitaanka
  10. 4. xaalad: jilicsan / badh adag / jilicsan oo dhalaalaya
  11. 5. Tilmaamaha: dhexroorka dibadda 6.52mm-20mm, dhumucda derbiga: 0.40mm-1.5mm
  12. Kala duwanaanshaha dulqaadka: dhexroorka: + 0.1mm, dhumucda derbiga: + 10%, dhererka: -0/+6mm
  13. Dhererka: 800-3500M ama sida waafaqsan shuruudaha macaamiisha.
  14. Faa'iidooyinka alaabta: dhalaalinta dusha sare iyo ganaax, dhumucda derbiga oo isku mid ah, saxnaanta dulqaadka iwm.
  15. Cabbirka caadiga ah ee tuubo bir ah oo aan daxal lahayn: waan kuu soo saari karnaa sida aad u rabto.

Qaab-dhismeedka birta aan lahayn ee 316Ltuubooyin duuban oo duuban

Sifooyinka Farsamada

Fasal

 

C

Mn

Si

P

S

Cr

Mo

Ni

N

316L

Ugu yaraan

-

-

-

-

-

16.0

2.00

10.0

-

Ugu badnaan

0.03

2.0

0.75

0.045

0.03

18.0

3.00

14.0

0.10

Shaxda 2aad.Sifooyinka farsamada ee 316L birta aan miridhku lahayn ee tuubooyinka duuban/tuubooyinka duuban

Fasal

Jid-gooyo
(MPa) ugu yaraan

Qaybta Dhalashada
0.2% Caddeyn
(MPa) ugu yaraan

Elong
(% 50mm) ugu yaraan

Adkaanta

ugu badnaan Rockwell B (HR B)

Brinell (HB) ugu badan

316L

485

170

40

95

217

Sifooyinka Jirka

Shaxda 3aad.Sifooyinka jireed ee caadiga ah ee 316 bir aan miridh lahayn.

Fasal

Cufnaanta
(kg/m)3)

Modulus Laablaaban
(GPa)

Celceliska Isku-dhafka Ballaarinta Kulaylka (µm/m/°C)

Qaboojinta Kulaylka
(W/mK)

Kulayl Gaar ah 0-100°C
(J/kg.K)

Iska caabinta Elektroonigga ah
(nΩ.m)

0-100°C

0-315°C

0-538°C

100°C

Heerkul 500°C

316/L/H

8000

193

15.9

16.2

17.5

16.3

21.5

500

740

Isbarbardhigga Tilmaamaha Darajada

Shaxda 4aad.Tilmaamaha heerka ee birta aan daxalka lahayn ee 316L.

Fasal

Qaramada Midoobay
No

Ingiriiskii Hore

Euronorm

Iswiidhish
SS

Jabbaan
JIS

BS

En

No

Magaca

316L

S31603

316S11

-

1.4404

X2CrNiMo17-12-2

2348

SUS 316L

Tuubooyinka duuban ee birta aan lahayn/tuubooyinka gariiradda cabbir guud

Cabbirka Tuubada Birta ah ee aan lahayn

SHAYGA

Fasal

Cabbirka
(MM)

Cadaadis
(Mpa)

Dhererka
(M)

1

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

1/8″×0.025″

3200

500-2000

2

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

1/8″×0.035″

3200

500-2000

3

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

1/4″×0.035″

2000

500-2000

4

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

1/4″×0.049″

2000

500-2000

5

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

3/8″×0.035″

1500

500-2000

6

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

3/8″×0.049″

1500

500-2000

7

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

1/2″×0.049″

1000

500-2000

8

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

1/2″×0.065″

1000

500-2000

9

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ3mm × 0.7mm

3200

500-2000

10

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ3mm × 0.9mm

3200

500-2000

11

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ4mm × 0.9mm

3000

500-2000

12

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ4mm × 1.1mm

3000

500-2000

13

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ6mm × 0.9mm

2000

500-2000

14

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ6mm × 1.1mm

2000

500-2000

15

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ8mm × 1mm

1800

500-2000

16

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ8mm × 1.2mm

1800

500-2000

17

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ10mm × 1mm

1500

500-2000

18

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ10mm × 1.2mm

1500

500-2000

19

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ10mm × 2mm

500

500-2000

20

316L, 304L, 304 dahaar 625 825 2205 2507

φ12mm × 1.5mm

500

500-2000

sawirada alaabta (1)

Faa'iidooyinkayaga:

Waxaan nahay shirkad sameysa tuubo/tuubo bir ah oo aan daxal lahayn.

Waxaan keligeen xakamayn karnaa tayada tuubooyinka.

Dhererka tuubooyinka waa in ka badan 3500M/CoilTuubooyinka duuban ee birta aan lahayn / codsiga tuubooyinka duuban:

  • Warshadaha Cuntada iyo Cabitaanka
  • Kiimikada Batroolka
  • Shaqooyinka Tuubooyinka CNG
  • Kuleyliyaha
  • Warshad Sifeyn ah
  • Warshadaha Dhulka
  • Beddelayaasha Kulaylka
  • Shaqooyinka Qalabka
  • Shaqooyinka Farsamada
  • Qalabka Saliida iyo Gaaska iyo Shaqooyinka Tuubooyinka

Tuubooyinka duuban ee birta aan lahayn/tuubooyinka duuban ee kale ee beerta:

Bir aan miridh lahayn 304 Tuubbo oo la duubay/Tuubbo gariirad

Bir aan miridh lahayn 304L Tuubooyinka la duubay/ Tuubada gariiradda

Tuubooyinka Birta aan Daxalka lahayn ee 304H/Tuubooyinka Gariirada

Bir aan miridh lahayn 316 Tuubbo oo la duubay/Tuubbo gariirad ah

Bir aan miridh lahayn 316L Tuubooyinka la duubay/ Tuubada gariiradda

Bir aan miridh lahayn oo 316H ah/ Tuubo gariirad leh

Bir aan miridh lahayn 317L Tuubooyinka la duubay/ Tuubada gariiradda

Bir aan miridh lahayn 321 Tuubbo la duubay/Tuubbo gariirad

Bir aan miridh lahayn 347 Tuubbo la duubay/Tuubbo gariirad

Tuubooyinka Birta aan Lahayn 410/Tuubooyinka Gariirada

Tuubooyinka Birta aan Daxalka lahayn ee 904L/Tuubooyinka Gariirada

Bir aan miridh lahayn 310S Tuubooyinka la duubay/ Tuubada gariiradda

Bir aan miridh lahayn 310 Tuubbo oo la duubay/Tuubbo gariirad

Bir aan miridh lahayn oo 310H ah/Tuubo gariirad leh

Tuubooyinka Birta aan Daxalka lahayn ee 316Ti/Tuubooyinka Gariirada

Bir aan miridh lahayn oo 321H ah/ Tuubbo gariirad leh

Bir aan miridh lahayn 347 Tuubbo la duubay/Tuubbo gariirad

Bir aan miridh lahayn oo 347H ah/ Tuubo gariirad leh

Tuubooyinka duuban ee aan kala go 'lahayn waa doorasho 1aad inta badan codsiyada muhiimka ah maadaama aysan jirin wax khatar ah oo wasakh ah oo inta badan lala xiriiriyo tuubooyinka duuban ee la alxamay.

Waxaa laga heli karaa dherer gaar ah

u Badbaadada nidaamka oo la hagaajiyay iyo isku halaynta

u iska caabin daxalka Greater

u Waxay yareysaa isticmaalka qalabka, iyadoo ka hortageysa suurtagalnimada daadashada iyo cillado kale oo muddo dheer ah.

Kharashyada rakibidda oo la dhimay - rakibiddu waxay ku lug leedahay waqti iyo dadaal yar

Waxaan leenahay waayo-aragnimo aan ku dhoofinno alaabada tuubooyinka birta aan miridhku lahayn in ka badan toban sano.

Sharaxaad: Liaocheng Sihe Qalabka birta aan la saarin ee shirkadda xaddidan ee soo saarista birta aan la karin

Birta gariiradda leh waxay leedahay toban sano oo taariikh ah, waxay leedahay laba khad oo wax soo saar ah oo soo saari kara tuubooyin si joogto ah loo alxami karo, qalabku waa mid qumman, hormuudka tignoolajiyada. Laakiin shirkaddu waxay soo bandhigtay tignoolajiyada annealing-ka heerka koowaad ee adduunka, daawaynta jilitaanka tuubooyinka birta aan miridhku lahayn ee khadka tooska ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaan sidoo kale haynaa tijaabo cadaadis, dabacsanaan, foorarsi, adkaansho 100%, fidin, tijaabo cidhiidhi ah oo hawada ah iyo wixii la mid ah, qiimuhu waa macquul, tayaduna waa la isku halleyn karaa, dhoofinta hadda ee 80% ee duulista hawada ee Mareykanka loo dhoofiyo adduunka oo dhan.

tuubo duuban

tuubo gariiradda ah oo aan lahayn birBadeecadaha La Xiriira

Tuubo Bir ah oo aan Daxal lahayn oo 304 ahe, 304 tuubo bir ah oo aan miridh lahayn oo la duubaye, 304 Khadka Xakamaynta Haydarooliga, Khadka Xakamaynta Tuubooyinka Duplex 2205 ee Duplex, Monel400, Khadka Xakamaynta Tuubooyinka Inconel 825 ee Duplex. Khadka Xakamaynta Birta aan lahayn, tuubada bening-ka birta aan lahayn, tuubo bir ah oo la duubay. Tuubbo bir ah oo aan lahayn laalaadin oo ku rid gariiradda, tuubo duuban, qalabka dhammaystirka godka hoose, Tuubbo Kaabsal ah oo aan lahayn laalaadin, Tuubbo Bir ah oo aan lahayn laalaadin,1/4"*0.035 1/4"*0.0249 3/8"*0.049"3/8"*0.035"1/4"*0.035"12"*0.049"Khadka Kiimikada Tuubada La Duubay, Alaab-qeybiyeyaasha Tuubada Xididdada Birta ah ee aan Daxalka lahayn, 304 Khadka Xakamaynta Tuubada ee Biriga ah ee aan Daxalka lahayn, Xakamaynta Tuubooyinka ee Biriga ah ee aan Daxalka lahayn 304L, Soo-saaraha Khadka Xakamaynta Birta ee aan Daxalka lahayn ee Shiinaha, Tuubbo la duubay oo bir ah oo aan daxal lahayn, Soo-dejiyaha Tuubooyinka Xididdada Birta ah ee aan Daxalka lahayn, Alaab-qeybiyaha Tuubooyinka Xididdada Birta ah ee aan Daxalka lahayn, Tuubooyinka Xididdada Birta ah ee aan Daxalka lahayn, Tuubooyinka Xididdada Birta ah ee SS ee Shiinaha.

tuubo duuban

 


  • Kii hore:
  • Xiga:

  • Halkan ku qor fariintaada oo noo soo dir

    Badeecadaha la xiriira

    • Warshadda ugu iibsiga badan Shiinaha Habee 304 Bir aan miridh lahayn 2 3 4 inji Qiimaha Tuubooyinka Birta aan miridh lahayn 310S 201 316 420 430 Tuubooyinka Qiiqa

      Warshadda ugu iibinta badan Shiinaha Habee 304 Stainl ...

      Guddigayagu waa inaan u adeegno iibsadayaashayada iyo iibsadayaashayada alaabada dijitaalka ah ee ugu waxtarka badan tayo wanaagsan iyo kuwa firfircoon ee loogu talagalay Warshadda ugu iibinta badan Shiinaha Habee 304 Bir aan miridh lahayn 2 3 4 inji Qiimaha Tuubooyinka Birta aan miridh lahayn 310S 201 316 420 430 Tuubooyinka Qiiqa, Waxaan ballan qaadaynaa inaan isku dayno sida ugu wanaagsan si aan kuugu keenno xalal tayo sare leh iyo kuwo hufan. Guddigayagu waa inaan u adeegno iibsadayaashayada iyo iibsadayaashayada alaabada dijitaalka ah ee ugu waxtarka badan tayada wanaagsan iyo kuwa firfircoon ee 430 Stainles...

    • Iib kulul Shiinaha 304 gariiradda ahama tuubooyinka

      Iib kulul Shiinaha 304 gariiradda ahama tuubooyinka

      Si aan ula kulanno raaxada macaamiisha ee aadka loo filayay, hadda waxaan haysannaa shaqaalaheenna awoodda badan si ay u bixiyaan adeeggayaga guud ee ugu weyn oo ay ku jiraan suuqgeynta internetka, iibka, qorsheynta, wax soo saarka, xakamaynta tayada, baakadaha, bakhaarrada iyo saadka iibka kulul ee Shiinaha 304 Coil Steel Steel Pipe, Markaad hal mar raadinayso tayo sare oo qiimo fiican leh iyo keenis waqtigeeda ah. Nala soo xiriir. Si aad ula kulanto raaxada macaamiisha ee aadka loo filayay, hadda waxaan haysannaa shaqaalaheenna awoodda badan si ay u bixiyaan...

    • Shahaadada CE Shiinaha 1/2″ OD X 50′ Gariiradda Tuubada Birta Aan Lahayn

      Shahaadada CE Shiinaha 1/2 ″ OD X 50′ Sta...

      Waxaan u huraynaa macaamiisheenna sharafta leh inaan macaamiisheenna sharafta leh siino xalalka ugu xiisaha badan ee loogu talagalay CE Certificate China 1/2″ OD X 50′ Steel Tube Coil, Waxaan soo dhaweynaynaa fursad aan kula sameyno ganacsi yar waxaanan rajeyneynaa inaan ku lifaaqno faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan alaabtayada. Waxaan u huraynaa inaan macaamiisheenna sharafta leh siino xalalka ugu xiisaha badan ee loogu talagalay Nooca 316 Ss Tube (. 02...

    • Shirkadaha Wax Soo Saarka ee Shiinaha Tayada Sare AISI 201 304 309 316 Qaab Timo-jare ah oo leh qaab godan oo bir ah oo aan bir lahayn oo leh tuubo laba jibbaaran

      Shirkadaha Wax Soo Saarka ee Shiinaha Tayada Sare ...

      Waxaan ku tiirsannahay awood farsamo oo adag waxaanan si joogto ah u abuurnaa teknoolojiyad casri ah si aan u daboolno baahida Shirkadaha Wax Soo Saarka ee Shiinaha Tayada Sare AISI 201 304 309 316 Qaab-dhismeedka Hairline AISI Ss ee Birta aan Lahayn ee Birta leh ee Birta leh ee Birta leh ee Birta leh, Waxaan soo dhaweyneynaa macaamiisha cusub iyo kuwii hore ee ka kala yimid dhammaan qaybaha kala duwan ee nolosha si ay noogu soo wacaan isdhexgalka ganacsiga ee soo socda oo aan u gaarno guul wadajir ah! Waxaan ku tiirsannahay awood farsamo oo adag waxaanan si joogto ah u abuurnaa teknoolojiyad casri ah si aan ula kulanno...

    • Naqshad Sare oo Shiineys ah oo Cusub oo Qurxin ah Qaab-dhismeed Loo Habeeyey 201 304 PVD Midab Dahaar ah oo Bir aan Daxal Lahayn ah oo Shaabadaysan

      Naqshad Cusub oo Qurxin ah oo Shiinaha ah oo leh Waxqabadka Sare ...

      Adigoo ku dheggan aragtidaada ku saabsan "Abuuritaanka xalal tayo sare leh iyo sameynta saaxiibo dad ka kala yimid adduunka oo dhan", waxaan had iyo jeer dejineynaa rabitaanka macaamiisha si ay ugu bilaabaan Qalabka Qurxinta ee Shiinaha ee Waxqabadka Sare leh Qaab Cusub oo Loogu Talagalay Qaabka 201 304 PVD Midabka Dahaarka ah ee Shaabadaysan Xaashi Bir ah oo aan Lahayn, Kusoo dhawoow inaad booqato shirkaddayada iyo qaybta wax soo saarka. Hubi inaad si buuxda xor u tahay inaad nala soo xiriirto haddii aad u baahato caawimo dheeraad ah. Ku dhegganow...

    • Shiinaha OEM Shiinaha 310sh TP304 1.4301 Tuubo aan kala go 'lahayn oo lagu shubo laguna buufiyo

      Shiinaha OEM Shiinaha 310sh TP304 1.4301 Sawir aan kala go 'lahayn...

      Xalalkayaga macaamiishu si weyn ayay u aqoonsadaan oo la isku halleyn karo waxayna buuxin doonaan shuruudaha dhaqaale iyo bulsho ee si joogto ah u beddelaya Shiinaha OEM China 310sh TP304 1.4301 Tube Pickling and Annealing oo aan kala go 'lahayn, Waxaan ku kalsoonahay inaan gaarno guulo waaweyn mustaqbalka. Waxaan rajeyneynaa inaan noqono mid ka mid ah alaab-qeybiyeyaashaada ugu kalsoonida badan. Xalalkayaga waxaa si weyn u aqoonsan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo macaamiishu waxayna buuxin doonaan shuruudaha dhaqaale iyo bulsho ee isbeddelka joogtada ah ee Shiinaha Kala duwan...